神经解剖学英文课件-自主神经系统英文课件

Autonomic (Visceral) nerve
Autonomic efferent neurons –-the most remarkable feature
There are sequence of two
neurons between the CNS and the innervated structure
Function: homeostasis体内稳态 of the internal environment.
This is achieved by regulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory, and thermoregulatory mechanisms.
Autonomic (Visceral) nerve
1.sensory nerve 2.motor nerve
sympathetic division parasympathetic division
most of the structures are innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve. One is excitatory and other inhibitory.
The postganglionic fibers extends from the peripheral ganglia to the effector organs
Sympathetic trunk of thorax
Sympathetic trunk of neck
The preganglionic fibers innervating the heart terminate in synaptic contact with the postganglionic bodies in the sympathetic trunk of the neck.
two neurons between the CNS and the innervated structures
Preganglionic & postganglionic fibers
Sympathetic division
• Preganglionic sympathetic neuron s are located in the thoracic 1~12 and upper two or three lumbar se gments of spinal cord.
cardiac plexuses
The preganglionic fibers innervating the eye, lacrimal gland, mucous membranes of nose,palate,parotid gland, submandibular and sublingual gland terminate in synaptic contact with the postganglionic bodies in the sympathetic trunk of neck.
The postganglionic fibers run around the arteries ,then distribute to the gland,smooth muscles of the eye
Sphincter pupil of the eye-parasympathetic n. Dilator pupil of the eye- sympathetic n.
The cell body of the first neuron is located in spinal cord or brainstem
the second neuron
The cell body of the second neuron are located in ganglia of sympathetic trunk(chain) or coeliac腹的, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglions or parasympathetic ganglions.
Autonomic nervous system
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
Autonomic (Visceral) nerve
to be concerned with the innervation and control of visceral organs, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles,and gland.
The postganglionic fibers(superior,middle,and inferior cardiac branches ) travel to cardiac plexuses →heart and its vascular vessles pulmonary plexuses-lungs.
Lacrimal gland
Sympathetic trunk of lumbar and sacral
The preganglionic fibers innervating the viscera organs in the abdominal and pelvic cavities pass uninterrupted through sympathetic trunk and travel to coeliac, superior mesenteric,and inferior mesenteric ganglions.
Preganglionic sympathetic neurones lie in the lateral horn T1~ 12 ,L1~3 base of anterior horn of spinal cord
Sympathetic division
The sympathetic ganglia lie in the sympathetic chain of ganglia, or in the coeliac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric ganglia.