核能_英文ppt

Distribution of existing nuclear power plants in China
The advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy
核能优点： 1.核能发电不造成空气污染，不产生加重地球温室效应的二氧化碳。 2.核燃料体积小，运输与储存方便. 3.核能发电的成本中，燃料费用所占的比例较低. 4.核原料丰富。 核能缺点： 1.核能电厂会产生放射性废料。 2.核能发电厂热效率较低，热污染较严重。 3.核能电厂投资成本太大，电力公司的财务风险较高。 4.核能电厂选址受环境影响较大。 5.核电厂如果在事故中释放到外界环境，会对生态及民众造成伤害。
Nuclear power plant
Japan beauty coast nuclear plants
Nuclear power plant
The peaceful use of nuclear energy
In 1951, the USA use a plutonium production reactor in the heat test generation, Britain, France, the Soviet Union and China, followed by the establishment of a number of nuclear power plants.
Nuclear power in the new energy
2011
Changes in energy consumption
Natural gas
Coal
the coal of 18th century
Natural gas
Oil
Solar
Energy
Oil
Coal
1920s-1960s
Nuclear energy Nuclear
for 2400～ 2800 years
核聚变 Nuclear
Fusion
40亿万吨 2千多亿吨
氘（来自海水）、锂
Deuterium (from sea), lithium
Marine
If realized controllable fusion, those can use of billions of
宇宙射线
核
8% 辐射剂
辐射剂 辐
天
建 日常消费 3%
然 宇宙射线 核医学 筑
辐
4% 材
射 医疗X光照射 陆地射线 11%
料
量不大
陆地射线 8%
医
电
疗
量大 射
体内放射性物质 11%
器
辐
天然辐照占80%
花岗岩
辐
射
• 宇宙辐照
核电站周围辐射剂量为0.01mSv/年
射
肺部透视一次辐射剂量为0.02mSv
拍一次胸片的照射剂量为0.12mSv
The current structure of the world's energy
煤 40%
石油 25%
核能 其它 8% 5%
天然气 22%
世界能源消费结构（2000年）
Nuclear power in the world energy consumed in 8 percent
Fossil fuels for 85% of total energy.
America's nuclear power plants (104)
The peaceful use of nuclear energy in the world
There are over 441 nuclear power plants in the world, accounting for 17% of world electricity supply (2005)
energy
Renewable
Energy
New
Energy
20th century 21st century
Fossil energy Reserves
are limited！！
The world‘s population over 60 million， Increase of
more than 2 times
其它
煤
2%
37%
核能
石油
17%
11%
水力 天然气 18% 15%
世界电力能源结构（2000年）
Nuclear power in the world electric energy accounts for 17% (2000)
Fossil fuels for 30% of the total electrical energy.
years
Nuclear power is "the safest, cleanest and most cost-effective power resources "
structure of non-polluting energy
Nuclear energy is a doubleedged sword
北京与欧洲之间乘飞机往返一次的辐射剂量为0.04毫希
允许标准：公众剂量不超过1mSv/年
氡气 55%
• 陆地辐照 • 体内辐照 • 氡气
公众的电离辐射照射量
Canada's Pickering nuclear power plant
Nuclear power plant
China's Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (Shenzhen)
the late 19th century， Energy consumption
increased by 16
times.
Nuclear energy－Infinite Energy
核裂变 Nuclear fission
铀、钍矿石
Uranium and thorium ores
If all use, can be used
Oil for electricity generation is a waste.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
The peaceful use of nuclear energy in the world
The mid-70s of last century, the world entered the climax of the development of nuclear power plants