中美饮食文化差异英语论文
九年级文化差异英语阅读理解25题
九年级文化差异英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Culture plays a significant role in shaping people's eating habits. In China, food is not just about nourishment but also a way of socializing. Family gatherings often revolve around a large table filled with various dishes. Chinese cuisine is famous for its diversity and complexity. There are eight major cuisines, each with its own unique flavors and cooking methods.In contrast, American food culture is more about convenience. Fast food is very popular in the United States. People are often in a hurry and look for quick meals that can be eaten on the go. Hamburgers, French fries, and pizza are staples of American fast food.Another difference lies in the way meals are served. In Chinese restaurants, dishes are usually shared among everyone at the table. People use chopsticks to pick up food from the communal plates. In America, individual portions are served on separate plates. People use forks, knives, and spoons to eat.1. Chinese cuisine is known for its ___.A. simplicityB. uniformityC. diversityD. monotony答案：C。
Differences between the Chinese and American cultures 中美文化比较
摘要：中美文化有其共通之处，但也有很多的差异。
中国有着悠久的历史，经过长时间的文化积淀逐渐形成具有中国特色的传统文化。
美国虽然历史不长，但是美国文化已经成为世界的主流文化之一。
今天我们将从教育、宗教、饮食等方面来对比中美文化之间的异同，提高我们跨文化交际的能力。
关键字：中国，美国，文化异同，教育，宗教，饮食AbstractThere are some similarities between Chinese and American culture，but also kinds of differences。
China is a country that has a long history，in the long period cultural accumulation，the traditional culture with Chinese characteristics came into being。
Although the United S tates don’t have such a long history，American culture has become one of the mainstream culture in the world。
Today we’ll Compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and American cultures from three aspects:religion，education and food。
In this way，we can improve our ability of cross-culture communication。
Key words：China,America,similarities,differences,education,religion,food Differences between the Chinese and American culturesAs we know ,there are many differences between Chinese and American cultures. If we desire to learn about U.S or communicate with Americans in proper way ,it is necessary for us to know about cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication (also referred to as intercultural communication) is a field of study that focus on how people from different cultural backgrounds communicate, in similar and different ways among themselves, and how they endeavor to communicate across cultures. Only if we are familiar with the similarities and differences can we avoid cultural conflicts and get along well with foreign friends. When you are conc erned about what you can do and what you can’t, your foreign friends will show respect for your national culture and there is no doubt that you can enhance the level of cross-culture communication .In the essay,I’ll talk about similarities and differences in three aspects between Chinese and American culture :religion ,food and festival.1.religionAmerica is remarkable now, as in the past,for its attachment to the principle of freedom of belief or disbelief . –The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States indicates that "Congress shall make no law establishing religion, orprohibit the free exercise thereof."So you can choose your indivisual relision.According to the research, The largest religion in the US is Christianity, practiced by the majority of the population (76% in 2008)；Speaking in general terms, the contemporary American is a Christian country. A research indicates that most Americans believe the existence of Santa Clous, Christ Jesus and angel even after they have received edu cation and become adults. It’s easy to see the ingrained status of Christianity in the United States of America. Christianity has the idea that people have original sin, because human ancestors, Adam and eva had sinned, corrupt moral invaded their body, and transmitted to their descendants, the result is that all mankind have sin. Obviously, Christianity preached that man and God, the separation of man and nature. China is a multi-religious country, and Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christian are the main religions in the country. Incomplete statistics show that there are more than 100 million religious followers in China with over 85 000 religious sites, over 3000 religious groups and some 74 religious colleges. Chinese people also enjoy the freedom of religious belief according to law, and regular religious activities are protected by the Constitution. All religious believers and non-religious people in the country respect for each other in beliefs and customs and live together in harmonies. While Chinese religion would emphasize that the harmony between man and nature, issues of life within a confined themselves, to solve problems with people- oriented. It’s quite different from the Christianity.2.foodGenerally speaking, we Chinese think food is very important to man. People often associate food with important holidays and the chance to meet distinguished guests. The Chinese food not only is very delicious and tasty but also very pleasing to your senses and many of dishes have very beautiful and fancy names. The Chinese have the food culture of our own which are quite different from westerners. In the west, people pay more attention to the nutrition of food rather than the looks of it. The cuisine and table manners are quite different from ours in a great extent.It is a very common practice we Chinese people say "Have you had your meal?" when they meeteach other around the time before or after meals. In fact, it is a kind of greeting to communicate with each other. But foreigners cannot understand that because they think why you ask me this. They tend to think you want to invite me to dinner or I am not rich enough to feed myself regularly but that is my business not yours. Chinese think food is very important and essential to people so it shows some care and concern about you. Very often it puzzles foreigners a lot that we ask and talk so much when we order our food in the restaurant. One reason is we ask what the food or the dish is and try to clarify it because you sometimes never know what the food is just according the name of the food until it is put on your table in the restaurant just. While most of western food has a simple and clear name and you know what it is when you hear the name. For instance, there is a traditional food call "fish and chips" in the UK. You see it is very obvious it is fried fish and potato chips. The reason for this in China is on the one hand to try to tell you the way it cooks such as cook, fry, grill and broil in the name and on the other it has beautiful good names so that you have a good imagination and association to let you have a good appetite.Generally speaking, we don't use much tableware when we have our meal in China. Mainly we have bowl, dishes, chopsticks and spoons, which we don't use very often. In serving English meals, they use so much tableware with different kinds and sizes. The Chinese do not know how to use them properly when they are invited to dinner in English family. For example there are different kinds of names for glasses in English, such as wine glass, cherry glass, brandy glass, beer glass, snifter glass, champion flute and high bowl. You can see tableware also show the food culture of different countries.cationUs’s higher education was considered as the best education in the world. Comparing the elementary education between American and China, people's universal view will be: China's elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and less thought; while US's education aims to bulid such an education to raise the creativity with less study and more thought. the Chinesestudents study more, actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of 's education pays more attention to raise student's self-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but China's education emphases on training the students to be strict,rigorous spiritual. When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description. The American students donot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as possible; This can cultivate student's study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action.Conclusion:Chinese culure is broad and profound,but American culture also has its unique and style.After learning this class,I have a general impression on American culture,there are quite differences between Chinese and American culture.I think that it’s beneficial to be familiar to this differences for our cross-cultual communication.References[1]Luther S.Luedtke<The Society and Culture of the United States>America:United States information Agency,2003[2]托马斯﹒里克纳《美式家庭——品质教育家长对策》海南：海南出版社，2001年(2)[3]章创生《美国爸爸中国爸爸——向美国家长学教子》重庆：重庆出版社，2011(6)[4]董小川《美国文化概论》.北京：人民出版社，2006[5]铁梅《道教——中国道家文化百科999问》青海：青海人民出版社，2012(1)[6]赵林《西方宗教文化》武昌：武汉大学出版社，2011年(6)[7]学晏《佛家与管理》北京：社会科学文献出版社，2012年(6)[8]徐怀启《古代基督教史》上海：上海人民出版社，2012（6）[9]（美）米拉德﹒丁.艾利克森《基督教神学导论》上海：人民出版社，2012（6）[10]李维冰《中国饮食文化概论》北京：中国商业出版社，2006（6）[11]美国饮食文化，/view/2143412.htm。
中美饮食文化差异英文版加翻译
IThe Differences on Food Culture BetweenChinaand the U.S
1.1Sensibility vs. practicality
Culture is defined as the knowledge, beliefs, customs, and habits a group of people share. These are not inherited behaviors, but learned. Culture is passed on from generation to generation. Each ethnic group has1ts own culturally based foods and food habits. These traditions have been influenced and adapted through contact with the mainstream culture (Luo12).
与中国相比与中国相比与中国相比讲英语国家的食物是很简单的讲英语国家的食物是很简单的讲英语国家的食物是很简单的缺乏一种漂亮的气氛缺乏一种漂亮的气氛缺乏一种漂亮的气氛而且而且而且他们的烹饪技术和中国的相比是低等的他们的烹饪技术和中国的相比是低等的他们的烹饪技术和中国的相比是低等的许多美国事物的分支是从其他国家引进的许多美国事物的分支是从其他国家引进的许多美国事物的分支是从其他国家引进的但是从食但是从食但是从食物的营养价值来判断物的营养价值来判断物的营养价值来判断讲英语的国家的食物讲究营养讲英语的国家的食物讲究营养讲英语的国家的食物讲究营养并且试图让食物低盐同时维持各种营养并且试图让食物低盐同时维持各种营养并且试图让食物低盐同时维持各种营养的平衡
中美饮食文化差异英语作文(不少于六句话)
中美饮食文化差异英语作文(不少于六句话)全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Oh, hello everyone! Today I want to talk about the differences between Chinese and American food culture. It’s super interesting, so let’s get started!First, Chinese food is usually cooked in a wok and the dishes are often served family style. That means we all share the food and eat from communal plates. In America, meals are usually served on individual plates and everyone eats their own portion.Next, Chinese people like to eat a lot of vegetables and use chopsticks to eat. American food often has a lot of meat and is eaten with a knife and fork. Also, Chinese people prefer to drink hot tea with their meals, while Americans might have soda or juice.In China, we have traditional foods like dumplings, noodles, and rice. In America, they have hamburgers, pizza, and hot dogs. Both countries have their own delicious snacks and desserts too!One thing that’s the same in both countries is that food brings people together. Whether you’re sharing a meal with friends or family, it’s always a special time.I love trying new foods from different cultures because it’sa fun way to learn about the world. So, next time you’re eating, think about how food can connect us all! Thanks for listening, bye!篇2Oh, hi there! Today, I'm gonna talk about the differences in food culture between China and the United States. It's super interesting, so let's get started!First of all, Chinese food is totally different from American food. In China, we love to eat rice, noodles, stir-fried dishes, and dumplings. It's all about sharing our food with family and friends. But in America, they love their burgers, pizza, and hot dogs. They also have a lot of fast food restaurants like McDonald's and KFC.Another difference is the way we eat our meals. In China, we use chopsticks to pick up our food and eat it. It's a skill that takes lots of practice, but it's so fun once you get the hang of it. In America, they use forks, knives, and spoons to eat their food. It's a lot easier, but not as exciting as using chopsticks!Also, the flavors of our food are different. Chinese food tends to be more savory and spicy, with lots of herbs and spices. American food is often sweeter and more greasy, with lots of cheese and sauces. Both are delicious in their own way, but they're definitely not the same!Overall, food plays a big role in both Chinese and American cultures. It's a way for us to connect with our family and friends, and to celebrate special occasions. So whether you're enjoying a bowl of noodles or a slice of pizza, remember to savor every bite and appreciate the cultural differences that make our world so diverse and delicious!篇3Wow, do you know that there are a lot of differences between Chinese and American food culture? Let me tell you all about it!First of all, Chinese people love to eat hot pot! It's like a big pot of soup where you can cook all kinds of delicious things like meat, vegetables, and noodles. In America, they don't really have hot pot. They prefer things like burgers, fries, and pizza.Secondly, Chinese people eat a lot of rice. It's like the main food in every meal. But in America, they eat a lot of bread instead.They have sandwiches, bagels, and all kinds of yummy bread products.Another big difference is the use of chopsticks. In China, we use chopsticks to eat almost everything. It's just how we do things. But in America, they use forks and knives for everything. They think chopsticks are so hard to use!Lastly, Chinese people like to have a lot of dishes in one meal. We believe in having a balanced meal with different flavors and textures. In America, they just have one main dish with maybe a side salad or some veggies.So you see, there are a lot of differences between Chinese and American food culture. But no matter what, food is always a big part of our lives and brings us all together. Let's enjoy all the yummy food from both countries!篇4Title: The Differences between Chinese and American Food CultureHey everyone! Today I want to talk about the differences between Chinese and American food culture. It's super interesting because there are so many cool things to learn about!First, let's talk about Chinese food. In China, food is a super important part of life. We have so many delicious dishes like dumplings, noodles, and rice. We also have lots of different flavors like sweet, sour, bitter, spicy, and salty. And we love to share our food with family and friends!Now let's chat about American food. In America, people love to eat burgers, pizza, hot dogs, and fries. They also have a lot of fast food like McDonald's and KFC. Americans like to have big portions of food and they love to try new things from all around the world.One big difference between Chinese and American food culture is the way we eat. In China, we use chopsticks to eat our food. But in America, people use forks, knives, and spoons. It's really interesting to see how different our eating habits are!Overall, both Chinese and American food cultures are really cool in their own way. We can learn a lot from each other and try new foods to see what we like. So let's keep exploring and enjoying all the yummy foods out there! Thanks for listening!篇5In China, we eat with chopsticks and in America they use forks and knives. It's so cool how different our food cultures are!In China, we have a lot of yummy dishes like dumplings, noodles, and stir-fried veggies. We also have a lot of different flavors like sweet and sour, spicy, and savory. I love how colorful our dishes are and how they always look like a work of art.But in America, they have things like hamburgers, hot dogs, and pizza. They also have huge portions and a lot of fast food places. It's so different from what we eat in China!Another big difference is how we eat meals. In China, we usually have a big family meal where everyone shares dishes and talks together. But in America, they often eat alone or with just a few people. It's interesting how food can bring people together in different ways.Even though our food cultures are different, I think it's cool to learn about other countries and how they eat. Maybe one day I can try eating with a fork and knife like they do in America!篇6Oh wow, food is so yummy, right? I want to talk about the differences between Chinese and American food cultures. It's so cool to see how different countries have different kinds of food!In China, we eat a lot of rice and noodles. They're so tasty and we eat them with all kinds of yummy dishes like stir-fried vegetables, pork ribs, and tofu. And don't forget about dumplings! They're the best, especially during Chinese New Year. We also have lots of soups like hot and sour soup or wonton soup. And for dessert, we love to eat sweet red bean soup or tangyuan.But in America, they love to eat burgers and fries. They're so juicy and delicious! And they have this thing called pizza, which is like a big, round piece of bread with cheese and toppings. They also love to eat hot dogs with ketchup and mustard. And for dessert, they have ice cream sundaes and apple pie.In China, we have a saying, "we eat everything with chopsticks." But in America, they use forks and knives. It's so interesting to see how different our cultures are when it comes to food.I think both Chinese and American food cultures are amazing in their own way. They're both delicious and unique in their own special way. I can't wait to try more foods from around the world!篇7Hey guys, do you want to know about the differences between Chinese and American food culture? Let me tell you all about it in a super fun way!First of all, let's talk about breakfast. In China, people usually eat porridge, steamed buns, and pickled vegetables for breakfast. But in America, they love to have pancakes, bacon, and eggs. Yummy!For lunch, Chinese people often have rice, vegetables, and meat dishes. While in America, people like to have sandwiches, burgers, and fries. It's so cool to have different types of food, right?Now, let's talk about dinner. Chinese dinners are usually shared with family and friends, and there are usually many dishes to try. But in America, people often eat quickly and on the go. They love fast food like pizza and hot dogs.And let's not forget about desserts! In China, people love sweets like mooncakes and red bean buns. While in America, they go crazy for ice cream, cookies, and cakes. Everything is so delicious!Overall, both Chinese and American food cultures are amazing in their own way. It's so cool to learn about differenttraditions and flavors from around the world. Let's try new foods and embrace the yummy diversity of our world! Bye-bye!篇8Oh, let's talk about the differences between Chinese and American food culture! It's super interesting!First, in China, we love to eat rice as our main food while Americans love to eat bread and mashed potatoes. Rice is a big part of every meal in China, but in America you can find sandwiches and burgers everywhere. It's so cool to see how different countries have their own special foods!Next, Chinese people like to eat a lot of vegetables and fruits, while Americans love their fast food and snacks. We have delicious dishes like stir-fried vegetables and fresh fruit for dessert, but in America you can find hot dogs, French fries, and pizza on every corner.Also, Chinese food is often cooked using a wok and lots of different spices like soy sauce and ginger, while American food is often grilled or fried with simple seasonings like salt and pepper. It's fun to see how chefs in different countries use different cooking techniques!Lastly, Chinese people enjoy sharing dishes with their friends and family, while Americans prefer to have their own individual meals. It's so cool to see how food can bring people together in different ways around the world.In conclusion, Chinese and American food cultures are super different but both are delicious in their own unique ways. It's exciting to try new foods and learn about different traditions through eating. Yummy!篇9Hey guys, do you know that there are a lot of differences between Chinese and American food culture? Let's talk about it today!First of all, the most noticeable difference is the staple food. In China, we love to eat rice as our main food. We have it at almost every meal, like breakfast, lunch, and dinner. But in America, they prefer to eat bread and potatoes as their main food. They have sandwiches, burgers, and fries all the time! It's so different from us, right?Secondly, the way we eat is also very different. In China, we use chopsticks to pick up our food and eat it. It's a traditionalway that has been passed down for generations. But in America, they use a knife and fork to cut their food and eat it. Some people even use their hands to eat certain foods, like pizza and burgers. It's so interesting how different our eating habits are!Another big difference is the variety of dishes. In China, we love to have a lot of different dishes on the table during meals. We have vegetables, meat, soup, and more. It's like a feast every time we eat! But in America, they usually have one main dish and maybe a side dish or two. It's much simpler compared to the variety of dishes we have in China.Lastly, the flavors of the food are also different. Chinese food tends to be more savory and full of different spices and seasonings. We love the taste of garlic, ginger, and soy sauce in our dishes. But in America, the food is often sweeter and more bland. They love to use ingredients like sugar and butter to enhance the flavor of their dishes.In conclusion, even though Chinese and American food cultures are different, they both have their own unique qualities that make them special. It's interesting to learn about the differences and similarities between the two cultures. What do you guys think? Let me know in the comments below!篇10Title: The Differences Between Chinese and American Food CultureHey everyone! Today I want to talk about the differences between Chinese and American food culture. You know, in China, food is really important to us. We have so many delicious dishes like dumplings, noodles, and Peking duck. We also have a lot of festivals that are related to food, like the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival. It's really cool how food can bring us together as a family.But in America, the food culture is a little different. They have hamburgers, hot dogs, and pizza as their favorite foods. They also love to have BBQ parties with their friends and family. American food is really tasty, but it's also a bit different from what we're used to in China.Another big difference is the way we eat. In China, we use chopsticks to eat our food, while in America they use knives and forks. It's funny how something as simple as eating utensils can be so different in different countries.Overall, the food culture in China and America is unique in its own way. Both countries have delicious dishes and traditionsthat are worth trying. So next time you have the chance, why not try some Chinese or American food and experience a different culture? It's a fun way to learn more about the world around us.。
中美两国的饮食差异英语作文
中美两国的饮食差异英语作文English: Chinese and American diets differ greatly in terms of ingredients, cooking methods, portion sizes, and meal times. Chinese cuisine tends to feature more vegetables, rice, noodles, and seafood, while American dishes emphasize meat and dairy products. In terms of cooking methods, Chinese cuisine often involves stir-frying, steaming, and boiling, while American cuisine commonly includes grilling, frying, and baking. Portion sizes in America are typically larger than those in China, leading to concerns about obesity and overeating. Additionally, meal times vary between the two countries, with Americans typically eating three larger meals a day, while the Chinese traditionally eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day. Despite these differences, both Chinese and American cuisines offer a diverse range of flavors and dishes that reflect the unique cultural traditions and regional specialties of each country.中文翻译: 中国和美国的饮食在食材、烹饪方式、食量和用餐时间上有很大的差异。
中美两国饮食文化的差异
Diet---breakfast
Lunch:
• Amercian have vegetable sandwich、 hamberger or pizza、 hotdog and beverage. While Chinese eat rice vegetable meat .
Supper:
• Usually first on a juice or soup , and then on the main Levin . Eat the main course of steak , pork chops , roast beef , fried chicken , fried shrimp , ham and lamb chops. Vegetables , bread to eat with your main course.通常先上果汁一份 (fruit juice)或浓汤(soup)，然后上主莱(entree)。常吃的主 菜有牛排（beef）、猪排(pork beff)、烤牛肉(roasted beef)、炸鸡(roasted chicken)、 炸虾(roasted shrimp)、火 腿(ham)及烤羊排等。随主菜吃的有蔬菜(vegetable)、面 包(bread).
Tableware:
Knife and fork（刀叉）
wine glass(酒 杯）
cherry glass （樱桃玻璃 杯）
brandy glass （白兰地酒
杯）
beer glass （啤酒 玻璃杯）
China：
Bowl（碗）
Chopsticks（筷子）
Dish（盘子）
Table Arrangement:
Diet concept(饮食观念）：
中国美国饮食文化差异的英语作文
中国美国饮食文化差异的英语作文我们用英语作文，如何把我们对于中国的饮食文化与美国的差别表达出来？下面是店铺给大家整理的中美饮食文化差异的英语写作范文，供大家参阅!中国美国饮食文化差异的英语作文篇1"food is the heaven to the human". Since human beings appeared on the earth millions years ago, we have had food everyday to satisfy the need of energy. Because of the influence of religion, climate, and region, different countries have different dietary cultures.China, which has a history longer than five thousand years, is one of the biggest countries in the world, and the United States is the super country that has a great influence to the whole world. We study these differences and then find out the points that can be digested, in order to facilitate the communication about cultures between China and the United States. By the analysis of the differences between Chinese and American dietary cultures, we can comprehend the respective cultural traditions of China and the west and we can also improve and create the new culture of China. In my paper, I would like to discuss the difference of food between the two countries.中国美国饮食文化差异的英语作文篇2Hello , everyone we are very proud to introduce our topic . my name is huangxiaolong ,he is jiangzhihui ,he is lihuan .let’s begin. Our topic is Differences Between Chinese And Western Food. cultural differences between East and West created a difference in food culture。
中美饮食文化差异
Cultural Differences between American and Chinese dietsLanguage is the carrier of culture, and food is an important factor of culture. So there is some positive meanings in the study of food culture for foreign language learners America is an important English-speaking country, so it helps the English learners in China a lot to learn something about the cultural differences in American food and Chinese food. Here, the writer compares the cultural differences between American and Chinese foods through daily diets, diet concept, dining etiquette and the reasons for the differences in food cultures.One. Comparison between daily diets(one) Chinese Daily DietThe Chinese food is famous all over the world for the splendid cooking skills, careful procedures and great variety of cuisines, which is one important aspect of Chinese culture. In their daily life, the Chinese staple food is rice and wheat, with various dishes of meat, vegetables and sea food. In the cuisines, the Chinese food focuses on the balanced combination of meat and vegetables, and the texture, the flavor, the color and the taste of the food are all highly regarded. Cuisines vary with the time, location and people, and the harmony of different flavors is very important. There are many ways of cooking in Chinese cuisine, such as fry, deep fry, stew, steam, bake and so on. The Chinese pay great attentionto the flavor of their food, using a large number of ingredients such as salt, sugar, vinegar, spice, chili and so on to make their food tastier. They also combine the basic ingredients into complex ones such as Chinese onion oil, pepper salt, sweet vinegar to further increase the vast amount of Chinese cuisines. In China, people usually have three meals a day, namely breakfast, lunch and dinner, each contains the staple food and the dishes. Usually the meals are had together with family members. Breakfast is simple, but lunch is the most important meal of the day of the Chinese. For lunch the Chinese usually have rice, or noodles, together with various vegetables and meat. Dinner is not so important in the Chinese culture. The Chinese people believe it is healthy to eat less and simple in the evening, so there is usually just some porridge and simple dishes for most people at dinner.(Two) American Daily DietAmerica is a typical immigrant country. Since Columbus’s discovery of the New Continent, the Europeans have long been immigrating to America. With them they brought their living habits and native cuisines to the new country, which helps to form the complicated and melted American food. You can find cuisines from almost all the countries all over the world in America, with even some very rare food from minority people from other continents. The American food is designed to be popular and convenient. It is simple, but suitable for a high-speed society.The Americans want their food to be fast, convenient and nutritious but not delicate or complex. One can’t help thinking of hot dogs, hamburgers and sandwiches when thinking of American food.The Americans have their three meals of the day at similar time with the Chinese. For breakfast they usually have bread, cereal, milk, sausages and so forth. At lunch, they usually eat casually. Most people at work would have some fast food such as sandwiches, hot dogs and so on. Dinner is the most important meal of a day for the Americans. After a day’s work, the families reunite and have a wonderful meal together at dinner. Usually they have steak, roast meat, fried chicken and so on, with vegetable salads and fruits, the staple food being bread or rice. Before sleep, the Americans prefer to have a little snack, such as fruits, cookies etc. In flavor, the Americans prefer rich, raw and cold foods. Their dishes are usually salty, with a little bit of sweet taste. When they cook ,they usually get rid of the bones in the meat, dispose of the fish and shrimp heads in advance. Besides, the Americans don’t eat the internal organs of animals, fat meat, chicken and pig feet, which are often considered great delicacy in China. They don’t put ingredients in the food when cooking, because they want to keep the original flavor of the food. There is soy sauce, salt or pepper on the dining table for those who want them. Two. Diet Concept(one) Chinese Diet ConceptThere is this famous saying in China “To the people foodstuff is all-important”. From it can be seen how important the Chinese people consider their food. Food is considered by many in China the greatest pleasure in life. All over the world, the Chinese cuisine is the most widely-ranged. The Chinese can eat almost all the animals and plants so long they are edible. According to scientific surveys, the Chinese eat six time more kinds of vegetables than the western people. In their cuisines the first priority is the best combination of the color, the flavor and the taste, nutrition being the second important. From this point the Chinese people’s rations are revealed; they have elevated their food culture into a kind of art. When at a meal, the Chinese usually gather around a large table and eat the same plate of dish with a chopstick, which perfectly reflects the ancient Chinese philosophical concept of harmony and the Confucian value of group thinking.(Two) American Diet ConceptIn such an advanced country like America, people have a strong sense of time. So they focus much more on the quality than the quantity. In the choice of food, they tend to focus on the science of nourishment. Although they do regard the taste of food very highly, their focus is much more on the pragmatism, which is related to efficiency. Their pragmatism is mainly revealed through such means: firstly, in the respect of health, the Americans are becoming more and more aware of the importantinfluence of food on their body figures, with more and more Americans refusing the so-called “junk food”; secondly, in the respect of money, the Americans prefer to spend more on their clothing, houses and cars than their food; lastly, the Americans prefer food that is simple and quick to make than complicated, delicate yet time-consuming dishes. For the Americans, “ Time is money”, which is actually one typical character of the western cultures. Plus factors such as single-parent family, high-paced life, most Americans prefer to eat outside rather than cook their food at home. In their cuisine, the color, the flavor and the taste are at a much lower position than efficiency and nutrition. And here lies the most important diet concept in American, i.e. food is just a means of satisfying the hunger. At a meal, the Americans prefer to eat separately, with everyone having his own plates of food. This differs greatly from the Chinese and is a very clear sign of the Americans value of independence and individualism.Three. Comparison between dining etiquettes(one) Chinese dining etiquettesChina has long been known as the “State of ceremonies”. Good etiquettes are a traditional virtue in China. There is a famous saying “ the etiquette begins with the dining” in China, which clearly shows the long history of etiquette in the Chinese food culture. The setting of the seats, the order of serving the dishes, etiquettes at the table and the payment ofthe dinning bills all show the highly-regarded dining etiquette.When setting the seats, the Chinese pay great attention to the age, social status and sex. Usually it is the eldest or the one with the highest status get to the seat first. The Chinese consider the left side of the table as more important, and the seat facing the entrance of the room the most important of all. So the most important guest gets this seat, and other guests sit to his left side, while the host or hostess sit to his right side. In the Chinese feudal society, women were rarely seen at feasts, with a few exceptions who were yet at the inferior status at the dining table. Of course such scenes only belong to the past. Nowadays in China, people still hold the tradition of letting the elderly and superiors get their seat first, with the age at a superior position over the social status.The serving of the food is another main character of the Chinese dining etiquette. The proper order of serving should be like this: the cold food comes before the hot; the main dishes come before the soup, with the fruit or desserts the last to be served. Such order can vary, at different places or with different minority groups. But generally speaking, the current order of serving is greatly influenced by the “Man” people.At a meal, the Chinese like to make the dining process lively. All the people gather around the table, share the food and talk while eating and drinking. They would propose toasts to each other and even put food in others’plates without asking first (usually this is a behavior from theelderly to the young), which is usually considered a sign of affection and friendliness in China. People love to chat while eating, and the wide range of the topics and contents of conversations at the dinning table often surprise the foreigners, believing the Chinese are a people of great knowledge. When eating at a restaurant, the Chinese would compete to pay the bills, which is considered something related with the “mian zi”, or “face” in China. People tend to respect those who are generous enough to pay the bills for others more. Going Dutch is rarely seen in China. Generally speaking, the Chinese don’t pay much attention to what they wear at dinners. Except for some very important occasions, such as a wedding feast, the Chinese prefer to wear very casually. Even eating at a restaurant, people wearing T-shirts and jeans are very often seen. （Two）American dining etiquettesContrary to the Chinese, the Americans are much more casual at the dining table. They don’t have so many specific rules about arranging the seats or serving the dishes. However, they do possess certain types of very typical dining etiquettes. For example, when you go dining at an American house, the most important standard of taking the seats is “Lady First”. At the table, the hostess should be the first to take her seat, and the others are supposed to follow her. Usually the hostess would sit at the seat facing the door, and the host would sit beside her. The important guests would sit by their right. The same is true in eating the food. Thehostess is the first to start eating. When serving the dishes, they usually place the dishes from the outer table toward the inner table, and so is the taking of the food.At the dining table, the Americans are rather quiet. Unlike the Chinese, they don’t like talking loudly. When eating and drinking, they take special care not to make any loud noises so as not to disturb the others. When drinking, the Americans do give toasts to others, but never so noisy and hilarious like the Chinese. They usually say something quietly and politely to other people, and then drink silently. Speaking loudly is considered very rude at the dining table.After the dinner, the hostess is still the first to leave the table. All the others must leave after her. If something urgent happens, and a guest must leave in advance, he should go and ask for leave from the hostess.When dining at a restaurant, the Americans prefer the Acting Appointment, which is quite different from the Chinese.One thing very important is that the Americans do not put food in others’plates. They just choose whatever they enjoy and eat it on their own. So it is considered rude to leave food in the plate. If you can’t eat it, just don’t take it.Unlike the Chinese, the Americans consider formal clothing very important for dining with others. When invited to dinner, most people would choose to wear formal clothes that they wear at work, such asshirts, suit and so on. Unless you are very close to the host and hostess, and there are no other guests besides you, it is very improper to wear casual clothes such as jeans to dinner. At some fancy restaurants, formal clothing, such as a suit and leather shoes are required. If you wear some casual clothes, you may get denied access at the door by the guard of the restaurant.Despite the differences between the Chinese and American dining etiquettes, there is one great similarity. That is, after the dinner, the guests are supposed to meet the host and hostess and show their gratitude to them before leaving the house.Four. The causes of the cultural differences between Chinese and American diets.From the above we can see in the diet culture, the Americans and Chinese have a lot of obvious and significant differences.But what are the causes? The main cause should be the different values held by the two different peoples from very different cultural backgrounds. In the various kinds of cultures, clothing, food, housing and traveling are called the surface layer of culture. They are all physical, but they can well reflect the mentality of the people, and they are deeply influenced by the values and world views of the people.China has a long history and deeply-rooted traditions. The Chinese cherish their traditions very much and they stick to a lot of old, traditionalways. In diet culture, the most important part is the traditional values that have been passed down from generations to generations.In contrast, America is a rather young country. It doesn’t have such long history or deeply-rooted traditional cultures like China. It is a very typical country of immigrants. So the various kinds of cultures from the immigrants all constitute a part of the American culture. As a result, the American diet culture is greatly influenced by the stress effect and diversification of its culture.Five. ConclusionWith more and more international co-operations and communications, the world is becoming smaller. The economic and cultural interactions between China and America have very positive effects on both countries. And so do the diet cultures. In America, more and more Chinese restaurants have emerged, and eating Chinese dishes have become quite popular among the Americans. While in China, American fast foods such as MacDonald’s are seen in most cities and towns. In the future, there will be more and more interactions between the two diet cultures, and they will definitely have very good influences on each other.。
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Cultural differencesbetween China andAmerica中美饮食文化差异班级：第二外国语言文学系2012级俄语四班学号：BC12610402姓名：***Cultural differences between China andAmericaAbstract"food is the heaven to the human". Since human beings appeared on the earth millions years ago, we have had food everyday to satisfy the need of energy. Because of the influence of religion, climate, and region, different countries have different dietary cultures.China, which has a history longer than five thousand years, is one of the biggest countries in the world, and the United States is the super country that has a great influence to the whole world. We study these differences and then find out the points that can be digested, in order to facilitate the communication about cultures between China and the United States. By the analysis of the differences between Chinese and American dietary cultures, we can comprehend the respective cultural traditions of China and the west and we can also improve and create the new culture of China. In my paper, I would like to discuss the difference of food between the two countries.Keywords China America foodBecause of the long distance, the isolation of hundreds of years makes the United States and China be too much different in their cultures. Although every country and society must evolve by food, food culture is not the same and the positions of food in different cultures are also diverse. China has been evolving more than five thousand years. It is the country with a large population, so it is an large agricultural country and has plenty of food resources to feed its people. So, in China, food has always being put at the highest position of the country. Differently, the United States was born and bred by polity and economy. It enjoys a excellent reputation of the high level of its polity and economy. The Americans did not pay their whole attention to food. In the culture of America, food is just a small part of people’s daily life. The different degrees that people focus on food lead to different food cultures.Receiving the influence of respective cultural tradition, the Chinese and western dietary culture has had different characteristics. The differences in concepts, patterns, attribution and nature reflect the different dietary cultures in the different state characteristics; such characteristics enriched the research value of food culture. Studying these cultural differences, we can find out a joint to enhance the communication between China and America . It may be a great help to the communication of the Chinese and western cultures.Body1. diet idea1.1 American diet ideaWestern people usually pay attention to the calories、vitamins、proteins and so on when they enjoy their meal. In their opinion, one should choose his food only according to his need as an independent individual and the balanced requirement of all kinds of nutrients for each part of his body. Comparing with the Chinese diet, western diet tastes stereotyped, as simple as chewing the candle, but the sense tells them: We must eat them all because of the nutrition.1.2 Chinese diet ideaWhen the western people pay more attention to the balance of nutrition, WhatChinese people care about is the deliciousness of food . Chinese often use these words such as color 、smell 、flavor and shape to describe the food. In China, Chinese people regard meal as a kind of art of their life. The quality and the quantity of food represent the social status of a family, so many people use colorful and tasty food to show off when they have a party.2. diet patterns2.1 diet pattern in ChinaIn China, a celebration, no matter what, there will be only one form, as sitting together, sharing one feast. Banquet uses round table, which has created a unity of form, which is courtesy, comity atmosphere. Dishes are in the center of the table. They are the objects for people to appreciate and taste, and they are also an intermediate of communication. People drink together and share the vegetables, which reflect the mutual respect among them. It can also show the virtues of comity and harmony. Although in the healthy respect, this approach has several deficiencies, it is our national "happy" mentality. It reflects the classical Chinese philosophy called harmony and it is helpful for Chinese people to facilitate the collective emotional exchanges.2.2 Diet pattern in AmericaThe more obvious difference between Chinese and American dietary patterns is buffet dinner which is popular in America. This method is to display all food, and everybody picks not fixed in his or her places to eat. They walk freely. This approach can provide the emotional interaction between individuals; they never need to put every word on the table. This also shows a western personality and self-respect. However, all the eating without jamming lacks the real affective tone like the Chinese people. Some people want to put the buffet in the Chinese food, but I think it is not feasible. The Chinese people drink and eat around the table to show harmony and unity, but the buffet has broken such pattern. It raises the personal independence andself-mentioned at the first place. This is the opposite of the scale of the great unity of all Chinese traditional culture.3. Diet AttributionAmerican diet tends to be scientific and rational, but the Chinese diet tends to be art and sentimental. During the underdeveloped era of diet, these two trends have only one aim – to live and never be hungry. And when the dietary culture is full developed, the tendency is shown in this different purpose: the former is in the development of nutrition, the latter is expressed as the stress on the flavor.Therefore, the focus of American diet is only the extension of the original diet practicality. The emphasis on the flavor of Chinese cuisine caters the diet to the arts field. In China, eating is not meant to have enough. Sometimes we eat though we are full. We are overloaded with food. Why? Saying bluntly, it is to appreciate the art of cooking. Compared to the rational diet in the United States, it is not only waste, but also harmful to the human’s body.4. Diet tableware4.1 the differences of the diet tablewareIn the space of diet tableware, the diet cultural differences are more obvious. As we know, Chinese people including some Asian countries, use chopsticks, spoon. When they have a meal also use bowl. But how about Americans? They use plate, knife and fork to eat, there use specialized spoon to drink soup. Chopsticks and knife, fork are two kinds of representative tableware of the east and the west. They affected the different lifestyles of China and America, representing two kinds of different wisdom.4.2 the development of fork and knifeAs we know, the emergence of knife and fork is much later than chopsticks, it was originally the ancient nomadic origin and the European lifestyle; they carryknives to live, and often cooked the meat, then cut off to eat. After settle the city, the knives and forks into the family kitchen, at this time, people just do not have to carry them. Western people have been using knife and fork just for four or five hundred years of history. Compared with the simple chopsticks, knife and fork are much more sophisticated.4.3 the advantage of chopsticksDifferent people have different views, it is difficult to draw the conclusions that the relationship of thinking method between chopsticks and knife and fork. However, there is scientific basis of using chopsticks is better training your thinking ability. From a physiological point of view, when you eating with chopsticks, it affect the human body of thirty joints and fifty muscles. So, stimulating the activity of brain systems, it brings agility and quick thinking. There is no doubt that the chopsticks have the scientific principles.ConclusionBy the text from this thesis, we can easily find that there still existing various differences between Chinese and American dietary cultures. But with the development of cultural communication between China and the United States and along with the strengthening of communication between China and the United States, China has imported various kinds of western food, such as the "KFC" "DICOS", "McDonald". These are new marks which represent western food culture exchanges and infiltration.The impact brought by economic globalization is stronger and deeper than the internationalization. Economic globalization is a double-edged sword. On one hand, it brings the vitality of economic growth, on the other hand, the dominant culture has been put into other countries through strong economic and infiltrated every corner of the globe. Therefore, the cultural communication focus on how to assimilate advantages of the other countries’ culture, abandon its shortcoming, and learn how totransform and make it localized. All countries need to study the issue. So in the face of the dietary cultural exchange problems between China and the America, we should find each one's advantages and draw the mutual advantages. When China can learn from the point that western diet stresses nutrition match, Chinese people make the Chinese cuisine more outstanding.China is the country of a long history with an ancient culture and various cultural traditions. She feeds the 1.4 billion Chinese people, and Chinese culture is very inclusive. In the course of development, it absorbed a lot of different cultures. Moreover, now China does more efforts to draw all the outstanding achievements in the World. China's reform and opening up policy created the conditions on international relations and cultural exchanges. We need to use such an opportunity to absorb the excellent cultures from other countries, to develop and create China's new culture.This work can make the world to know China better and let China go to the world.。