定语从句句型结构
定语从句句式
定语从句句式定语从句定义:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句;被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
种类:关系代词:who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词:where、when、why准关系代词:as、but、than复合关系代词:what、whatever、whoever、whichever一、关系代词引导的定语从句(1)由who引导的定语从句:1.关系代词who用作主语,指人或动物;2.who;不能用作表语;(2)由who引导的定语从句:1.关系代词whom用作宾语,指人;2.whom不能用作表语;(3)由whose引导的定语从句:1.关系代词whose作定语,既可指人也可指物。
2.whose用于引导定语从句时,有“whose=of which”(4)由which引导的定语从句:1.关系代词做主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语,指物或动物;2.常用关系代词which作表语,既可指人也可指物,“人”要具有某种特性;3.which既能引导限制性定语从句,也能引导非限定性定语从句;(5)由of which/whom引导的定语从句:1.名词、不定代词、数量词+of which/whom2. of which/whom从句中作主语有两种形式:数词、名词+of which/whom 或of which/whom+数词、名词3.“名词+of which”做主语时常用“whose+名词”取代;4.of which所修饰的名词前应加上定冠词;(6)由介词+which+抽象名词引导的定语从句:1.在非限制性定语从句中,以“介词+which+抽象名词”结构补充说明,which作定语;2.the way后接定语有三种形式:不加;加that;加in which;(7)由that引导的定语从句:1.关系代词that在从句中作主语或宾语,不作介词宾语,既指人也指物;2.先行词是不定代词时,必须用that引导定语从句;3.先行词被不定代词修饰时,必须用that引导定语从句;4.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,必须用that引导定语从句;5. 先行词既有人又有物时,必须用that引导定语从句;6. 先行词被the only、the same、the last修饰时,必须用that 引导定语从句;7.以who、which引起的问句中,为避免重复,常用that引导定语从句;8.用作关系副词以修饰表示时间的名词时,常用that代替when 引导定语从句;9.构成非限制性定语从句时,不用that;10关系代词前有介词且指物时,不用that;11.先行词本身是that时,不用that;12.关系代词之后有插入成分时,不用that;二、关系副词引导的定语从句(1)由when的定语从句:1.关系副词when是兼有连词作用的副词,常用于表示时间;2.先行词为表示时间的名词;3在口语中,先行词为表示时间的名词时,可以省略when;4先行词在从句中起副词作用作时间状语时,用when引导定语从句;先行词在从句中起代词作用作宾语时,用which/that引导定语从5.在this/that/it’s后可省略先行词the time;6.现代英语口语中,the day when、the time when、the moment when可用that代替;;7.关系副词when可用恰当的“介词+which”代替;(2)由where引导的定语从句:1. 关系副词where是兼有连词作用的副词,常用于表示地点;2.先行词为表地点或有地点含义的抽象名词;3.在口语中,先行词是place、room等词时,可以省略where;4.先行词在从句中起副词作用作地点状语时,用where引导定语从句;先行词在从句中起代词作用作宾语时,用that/which引导定语从句;5. 在this/that/it’s后可省略先行词the place;6. 现代英语口语中,the place where可用the place that代替;7. 关系副词where可用恰当的“介词+which”代替;(3)由why引导的定语从句:1. 关系副词why兼有连词作用的副词,常用于表示原因;2.先行词只有reason;3.在口语中,可以省略why;4.先行词reason在从句中起副词作用表原因时,用why引导定语从句;先行词reason在从句中起代词作用作宾语时,用that/which引导定语从句;5.在this/that/it’s后可省略先行词the reason;6.现代英语口语中,the reason why可用the reason that代替;7. 关系副词why可用恰当的“介词+which”代替;(4)由介词+where/when引导的定语从句:1.from where引导的定语从句中,where代表主句提供的地点;2.since/by when引导的定语从句中,when代表主句提供的时间三、准关系代词引导的定语从句(1)由准关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句:1.as既可作引导状语从句的连词,也可作引导定语从句的关系代词;2.在such…as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中作主语或表语;3.在the same…as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中作主语或宾语;4.在as…as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中作主语;5.区别:such…as引导定语从句,such…that引导结果状语从句;6.区别:the same…as指两物相似,the same…that描述的是同一物;(2)由准关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句:1.as代表主句或主句一部分的意思,不能指代某个名词或代词;2.在as引导的非限制性定语从句中,as可以放在主句的任意位置,在从句中作主语或宾语;3.主句表否定,as引导的定语从句位于主句之后时,as指代的主句不表否定,可用but代替;4.主句表否定,as引导的定语从句位于主句之前时,as指代的主句仍表否定意义;5非限制性定语从句中,which引导的从句不能放在主句前,as 引导的从句可放在主句前后.;6.非限制性定语从句中,as/which用作关系代词时都可指代一个句子,但as有“就像”之意;7.非限制性定语从句中,当从句的谓语动词时be动词或连系动词时,as/which都可作主语;8.非限制性定语从句中,当从句的谓语动词是行为动词时,只能用which作主语;9.非限制性定语从句中,as可作连词引导状语从句,构成“as+过去分词”形式,表定语义;(3)由准关系代词but引导的定语从句:1.but本身含有否定义,相当于who/which/that…not;2.but的先行词往往是有否定义的代词或名词词组,通过双重否定表强烈肯定;3.but用于定语从句中作主语,此时谓语动词的数要与先行词一致,时态要与主句一致;4.but用于引导状语从句时,有“but=that...not”(4)由准关系代词than引导的定语从句:1.than引导的定语从句中,谓语动词的数和时态必须与被比较级修饰的先行词一致;2.than引导的状语从句中,用作连词的than可兼作关系代词在主句中作主语,than指代主句;3.than引导的状语从句中,构成“than+过去分词”结构,than 后省略了形式主语it、动词be;四、复合关系代词引导的定语从句(1)复合关系代词what引导的定语从句:1.定语从句中,what是由先行词和关系代词组成的复合词,是兼作先行词的关系代词;2.what用于指人时,what=the person that;what用于指物时,what=the thing(s) which;3.what在定语从句中起名词作用时,可作主语、宾语、表语;4.what在定语从句中起形容词作用时,修饰名词,意为“仅有的”;5.what在定语从句中起形容词作用时,常与few、little连用,意为“尽管不多,但已全部”;6.what引导的名词性从句中,无疑问义,可作从句的主语、宾语、介宾、宾补;7.what用于表比喻义的特殊结构:A is to B what C is to D;8.what组成的常用短语:What if…? 如果…怎么样?What of it?那又怎么样?(2)复合关系代词whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引导的定语从句:1.whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever具有名词功能,引导名词性从句;2.whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever指代未知的人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;3.whichever、whatever在名词性从句中兼起形容词作用,修饰从句中名词,意为“仅有的”;4. whoever、whichever、whatever在名词性从句中兼起副词作用,引导让步状语从句;五、关系代词的省略1.当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时往往省略;2.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,用that且往往省略;3.当先行词为不定代词时,往往不用关系代词;4.当定语从句为there be句型时,往往不用关系代词;5.当主句为there be句型时,实际主语后若带有定语从句,作主语的关系代词有时省略;六、插入语(1)分句用作插入语:I believe、I find、I hear、I imagine、I remember、I think、I sup pose…(2)状语分句作插入语:1.可作插入语的状语分句有:as far as I know、as I told you before、if you like…2.省略形式的状语分句作插入语:if ever、if possible、if any…(3)what构成的惯用插入语:1.“what+be+比较级形容词”结构,意为“而且,尤有甚者“;2.“what we call,what is called”,意为“所谓的”;3.“what+…”的类似结构:what we consider、what you refer to as、what is referred to as…例句:This is the man who helped me.(who在从句中作主语)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.(whom 在从句中作宾语)Do you see the house whose windows are all broken?(whose在从句中作定语)The building which stands near the river is our school.(which在从句中作主语)This is the book (which) you want.(which在从句中作谓语动词的宾语)The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(which 在从句中作介宾)The war killed 1000 people, most of which were very young.(“不定代词+of which”的形式)The committee consists of 20 members, five of whom are women.(“数量词+of whom”的形式)Do you see the house the windows of which are all broken?(“名词+of which”作主语结构之一)Do you see the house of which the windows are all broken? (“名词+of which”作主语结构之二)It rained all night, during which time the ship broke in pieces.(“介词+which+抽象名词”结构)That’s the way (/) he spoke.(the way后接定语的形式之一)That’s the way that he did it. (the way后接定语的形式之二) That’s the way in which you answered the question. (the way后接定语的形式之三)。
英语的定语从句总结
英语的定语从句总结英语的定语从句总结所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。
下面是小编分享给大家的英语的定语从句总结,希望对大家有帮助。
英语的定语从句总结1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that,Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如:(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason 后面。
定语从句句型结构
定语从句句型结构
定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句,用来给这个名词或代词增加限制和说明。
定语从句的句型结构通常包括以下几个部分:
1. 引导词:定语从句一般由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(where, when, why)引导。
2.关系词在从句中的功能:关系词在从句中起到名词、形容词或副词的作用,与它所指代的先行词相对应。
3.从句主谓宾结构:定语从句中也有主语、谓语和宾语等成分,但也可以省略。
4.与先行词的关系:定语从句修饰或限制先行词,与先行词之间存在其中一种关系,如人与人、物与物、时间与事件、地点与地点等。
举例说明:
1.关系代词引导的定语从句:
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)
- This is the man who saved my life. (这是救了我的人。
- The car which was parked outside has a flat tire.(停在外面的那辆车有一个漏气的轮胎。
)
2.关系副词引导的定语从句:
- I still remember the day when we first met. (我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
)
- This is the place where I used to live.(这是我过去住过的地方。
)
- I don't understand the reason why he left.(我不明白他离开的原因。
常用句型之非限制性定语从句结构
常用句型之非限制性定语从句结构非限制性定语从句是英语中常用的句型结构之一。
它通过添加一个附加信息,来对主句中的某个成分进行进一步解释或补充。
这种句型在写作和口语表达中非常常见,能够丰富语言表达,增加句子的复杂性和合理性。
本文将介绍非限制性定语从句的定义、结构、用法和例句,并总结常用的引导词和注意事项。
通过学习和掌握非限制性定语从句的使用方法,可以帮助提升英语写作和口语表达的能力。
非限制性定语从句的定义及结构非限制性定语从句是对主句中某个成分进行补充说明或解释的句子。
它通常用逗号与主句隔开,不对主句的意思产生限制或改变,只是提供额外的信息。
非限制性定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which和that,关系副词包括when, where和why。
非限制性定语从句的结构如下所示:主句,+ 逗号 + 关系代词/关系副词 + 从句 + 句号非限制性定语从句的用法和例句1. 对人进行补充说明或解释:My sister, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.我的妹妹是一名医生,她在一家医院工作。
2. 对物进行补充说明或解释:The book, which was written by Mark Twain, is very interesting.这本书是由马克·吐温写的,非常有趣。
3. 对时间进行补充说明或解释:We had a great time on our vacation, when the weather was perfect.我们度假时天气很好,玩得非常开心。
4. 对地点进行补充说明或解释:We visited London, where we saw many famous landmarks.我们访问了伦敦,看到了许多著名的地标。
5. 对原因进行补充说明或解释:She didn't come to the party, which made me upset.她没有来参加派对,这让我很难过。
定语从句的用法归纳总结
定语从句的用法归纳总结定语从句是一种常见的句型,它的使用十分广泛。
定语从句的作用是对名词进行修饰或限定,以某种方式指定所修饰的名词。
定语从句可以有效提升文章的准确度和紧凑性,常见的定语从句也可以提高作文表达能力。
一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种从句,其功能是对先行词进行修饰或限定,以某种方式指定所修饰的先行词。
定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词作状语,其中的关系代词包括:who, whom, which, what, whose, as。
二、定语从句的结构定语从句一般有两种结构:单词结构和复合结构。
1、单词结构:单词结构的定语从句中,关系代词或者关系副词与它所修饰的先行词不可分离,即后者不可置于定语从句之外,这一点区别于复合结构。
2、复合结构:复合结构的定语从句中,宾语从句由两个以上的句子组成,其中包含一个关系代词或关系副词,先行词可以置于定语从句之外。
三、定语从句的使用1、定语从句可以用来修饰名词、代词、数词或指示代词。
它们可以放在句子的主干部分之前,也可以放在句子之后。
2、定语从句可以用来替换一个句子中已出现过的名词或代词,这样可以使句子更紧凑易懂。
3、定语从句也可用来强调一个句子中名词或代词的特定意思,从而提高句子的准确性。
四、定语从句的特殊情况1、定语从句可以引导介词短语,此时介词短语在句子中作状语,从句的关系代词或者关系副词可以放在介词的前面,也可以放在介词的后面。
2、定语从句也可以修饰不定式或动词短语,此类定语从句叫做不定式定语从句或动词短语定语从句。
3、另外,定语从句还可以引导被动语态,其中宾语从句中需要使用系动词,以便表达被动形式。
以上就是定语从句的用法归纳总结,由此可见定语从句在书面表达中有着十分重要的作用,而且它的使用也越来越普及,所以学习定语从句对于增强英语表达能力非常有必要。
希望通过本文,可以帮助大家深入理解定语从句的知识点,从而提高英语水平。
英语语法:定语从句
英语语法:定语从句定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型,作用强大而且简单易用。
小编在这里整理了相关知识,快来学习学习吧!英语语法:定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
定语从句句型
定语从句句型定语从句句型导语:定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
以下店铺为大家介绍定语从句句型文章,欢迎大家阅读参考!定语从句句型定语从句: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语,所以叫作定语从句.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词.关系词:引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)和关系副词(where,when,why,).复合句: The man who (that) came is Mike.先行词关系代词Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class.先行词关系代词上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句,蓝体字为定语从句.一定语从句的关系代词 Which的用法: 若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.This is the pen which was given by my friend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语This is the pen which my friend gave to me.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语二定语从句的关系代词 Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom) The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语The man whowhom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl with whom I went there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.三定语从句的关系代词 Whom的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的`区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThis is the teacher whomwho we like best.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl whom who I went with there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.四定语从句的关系代词that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语The animal that which is lost is a panda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语She is the person that who we are worried about.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语注意1 that which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which ,不用that(1) 关系代词前有介词时.This is the hotel in which you will stay.(2) 如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新开放) to us.注意2that which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that ,不用which.(1) 先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.(2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时He is the last person that I want to see.(3) 主句中已有疑问词时Which is the bike that you lost?(4) 先行词既有人又有物时The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.(5) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代词时You should hand in all that you have.We haven’t got much that we can offer you.I mean the one that you talked about just now.(6) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class.Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.(7) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用thatEdison built up a factory(办了一个工厂) which produced things that had never been seen before.定语从句的关系副词 Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there) 介词短语副词=This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.先行词关系副词in which I was born.介词+关系代词which I was born in.关系代词这里作介宾的which和that可以省略that I was born in关系代词.练习:用which ,where填空1 This is the factory where they want to visit.2 My sister works in a bookshop in which we can read many kinds of books3 Have you visited the city where the famous scientist was born?4 Is this the museum which they visited last month?5 He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.6 The pencil with _which_______ he wrote was broken.7 Is this the shop _which____ sells children’s clothing?8 I still remember the sitting-room _where____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.9 Don’t go in, this is the shop _which____ we have just been to.10 Please show me the book _which____ you bought yesterday _____.二定语从句的关系副词When的用法: 若先行词指时间且其在定语从句中充当时间状语.He came at a time +we needed help at a time.介词短语=He came at a time when we needed help关系副词at which we needed help介词+关系代词which we needed help at关系代词这里的作介宾的which 和that可以省略that we needed help at三关系副词why的用法:在定语从句中只要先行词是the reason,它的关系副词就是why.如:The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to the party.【定语从句句型】。
定语从句·时态·各句型详解
初中定语从句讲解及练习一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
如:1) The man who livesnext to us is a policeman.2) You must do everyt hingthat I do.上面两句中的m an和e v eryt hing是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词tha t, which, who(宾格who, 所有格who se)和关系副词w here, when、why关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playin g footba ll are from ClassOne.(2)Yester day I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意:关系代词wh om在口语和非正式语体中常用w ho代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Footba ll is a game whichis likedby most boys. ( which在句子中做主语)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yester day. ( which在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时,相当于who或者who m;指物时,相当于which。
定语从句用法详解[高考英语语法]
定语从句详解⾸先,(任何)从句结构:“关联词+从句主语+从句谓语”位置:从句之⾸,主句先⾏词之后。
成分:关系代词和关系副词均在定语从句中充当句⼦成分。
⾮限制性定语从句:(1)反作补充说明,与主语关系不甚密切,朗读时先⾏词⽤降调并稍做停顿,多半逗号与主句隔开。
(2)能修饰整个句⼦,限制性定语从句则不能。
与限制性定语从句含义不同,限制-是确指,⾮限制性定语从句是泛指。
(3)先⾏词为{专有名词,具有特指对象的名词}⼀般要⽤到⾮限制性定语从句。
(4)关系代词不能⽤that ,先⾏词指{⼈:⽤who、whom;物:which }关系代词与介词“介词+关系代词”既能引导⾮限制性定语从句,⼜能引导⾮限制性定语从句。
介词要根据先⾏词、从句的谓语动词、从句中的形容词来选择,也可根据句意选择。
I.介词放在关系代词的前⾯时,介词短语只能⽤which代物;和⽤whom代⼈;whose还可在从句中与它所修饰的词⼀起作介词宾语。
This is the hero of whom we are proud.I want to find the very pen with which I wrote that letter.The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.II.当介词放在句⼦的末尾时,可⽤that/which代物,that/whom/who来作为介词的宾语,且这个做介词宾语的关系代词往往忽略This is the hero that (who/whom/忽略) we are proud of.特:(1)from where为”介词+关系副词”结构,where作from的宾语,但也可引导定语从句。
例如:We stood at the top of the hill,from where we can see the town.(2) 有些动词+介词所组成的短语动词,关系⾮常紧密,介词不能前置。
定语从句五种句式
定语从句五种句式导语:定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
下面是店铺给大家整理的定语从句五种句式的相关内容,希望能给你带来帮助!定语从句五种句式一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
英语定语从句句型结构
英语定语从句句型结构一、限定性定语从句限定性定语从句是对先行词进行限制和修饰的从句,它与先行词之间的关系紧密,没有逗号分隔。
例如:I met the man who owns the company.我遇到了这家公司的老板。
二、非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明的从句,它与先行词之间的关系松散,有逗号分隔。
例如:I met the man, who owns the company.我遇到了这个人,他是这家公司的老板。
三、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词是用来引导定语从句的词语,它们可以在从句中担任主语、宾语或表语等成分。
常见的引导词有that、which、who等。
例如:I like the book (which/that) he recommended.我喜欢他推荐的那本书。
四、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可以引导定语从句,用来表示地点、时间或原因等关系。
常见的引导词有where、when、why等。
例如:I still remember the day when I first came to this city.我仍然记得我第一次来到这个城市的那一天。
五、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词可以用来引导定语从句,表示与先行词之间的某种关系。
常见的结构有“介词+which/whom”等。
例如:The girl with whom I went to the concert is my best friend.和我一起去音乐会的女孩是我最好的朋友。
六、限定性定语从句中关系代词that的省略在限定性定语从句中,当关系代词that在从句中担任宾语或表语时,可以省略。
例如:I like the book (that) he recommended. (省略后不影响句子意思)我喜欢他推荐的那本书。
七、限定性定语从句中关系代词which的省略在限定性定语从句中,当关系代词which在从句中担任宾语或表语时,可以省略。
定语从句语法归纳总结
定语从句语法归纳总结
定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句。
一般来说,定语从句在句子中充当形容词的角色,对先行词进行进一步的描述或限定。
定语从句的引导词主要有以下几种:
1. 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that;
2. 关系副词:where, when, why。
定语从句的一般句型为:
先行词+关系代词/关系副词+句子主干
定语从句的位置可以是先行词的后面,也可以是先行词的前面。
如果是将定语从句放在先行词后面,需要使用逗号将两者分隔开。
如果是将定语从句放在先行词前面,不需要使用逗号。
关系代词的用法:
1. who: 指人,作主语或宾语;
2. whom: 指人,作宾语;
3. whose: 指人或物,表示所有关系;
4. which: 指物,作主语或宾语;
5. that: 指人或物,作主语或宾语,用于限定性定语从句。
关系副词的用法:
1. where: 指地点,用于限定性定语从句;
2. when: 指时间,用于限定性定语从句;
3. why: 指原因,用于限定性定语从句。
不同引导词的选择要根据先行词的性质和在定语从句中的所起的作用来决定。
除了基本的定语从句结构外,还有一些特殊的定语从句结构,如限制性定语从句中的省略、非限制性定语从句的用法等。
定语从句在英语中是非常常用的一种句型,掌握好定语从句的用法可以提高句子的表达能力,并且帮助我们更准确地描述和限定名词或代词。
定语从句知识总结与归纳
定语从句知识总结与归纳(一)结构限定性定语从句:先行词+关系词+定语从句非限定性定语从句:先行词,关系词+定语从句(二)关系词关系代词:that;who;which;whose关系副词:when;where;why w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m说明先行词的内容指:人;关系代词用:that;who先行词指:物,用关系代词:which;whose表示:先行词和从句中的第一个词为从属关系,表示……的……;that;who;which在定语从句中做主语或宾语;关系副词:when;where;why在定语从句中做时间,地点,原因状语;表示:“在那时”;“在那里”和“为什么”The bright star which is shining just above the roof is called Sirius.The people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned in history book at all.We saw a church among the trees, whose tower(the tower of which)was clear against the blue sky.She adopted a child whose parents are dead.He came at six, when I am usually in the garden.Would you please give us a reason why you are late for class ?关系词前面可以带有介词、限定词,结构为:限定词(Both;Many;All等)of which / whom…介词(in;on;at;for等)+which / whom …He felt that his pupils, most of whom lived in the towns, should get to know the wonders of the countryside.This is the road by which we came.(三)先行词指“物”时,关系代词只能用that不能用which的情况,先行词的特点是:1. 先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰2. 先行词是不定代词3. 先行词有only;any;few;little;no;none;all;very 等词修饰4. 先行词既有“人”也有“物”You should hand in all that you have.The only thing that we can do is to wait patiently.This is the last train that goes to Beijing.(四)way 后面的定语从句:the way + in which / that /省略/+定语从句I don’t understand the way in which / that /—/ they worked out this problem.(五)as 引导的定语从句,句型:1. such +先行词as +定语从句:像……一样/之类的……2. the same +先行词as +定语从句:和……一样的……3. as +定语从句,主句:正如……一样He is not the same as he was.We have found such materials as are used in their factory.As is expected, he has been absent.She has read widely in Romantic literature, as appears from her essay.(六)定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词的形式一致。
定语从句的引导词与句型
定语从句的引导词与句型定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词的从句结构,通过引导词来引导,并且有多种不同的句型。
了解和掌握定语从句的引导词和句型是英语学习中的重要一环,有助于我们更准确、准确地表达和理解句子的意思。
本文将详细介绍定语从句的引导词与句型。
1. 引导词定语从句的引导词通常分为关系代词和关系副词两类。
关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose;关系副词有:where, when, why。
关系代词"that"通常用来引导指物的定语从句,可以在句中作主语、宾语等。
例如:- He showed me the car that he bought last week.- The book that I am reading is very interesting.关系代词"which"用来引导指物的定语从句,通常在句中作主语、宾语等。
例如:- The house, which is located near the lake, is for sale.- I don't like the movie which you recommended.关系代词"who"用来引导指人的定语从句,可以在句中作主语、宾语等。
例如:- The woman who is sitting there is my teacher.- I met a man in the park who can speak multiple languages.关系代词"whom"用来引导指人的定语从句,通常在句中作宾语。
例如:- The girl whom I invited to the party is my best friend.- Is there anyone whom you can recommend for this job?关系代词"whose"用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系,通常在句中修饰名词。
定语从句句型结构
Sentence Structure 句型结构句型—--按照英语中的动词的类型(五种,即:不及物动词、系动词、单宾动词、双宾动词和复合动词)可以把英语句型划分为五种基本的句型。
一、1。
主语+不及物动词(SV句型)=主谓结构:本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。
如:The sun rises.Tom has already left.谓语可有修饰语-状语.They had to travel by air or boat.2。
主语+系动词+主补(SVC句型)=主系表结构:本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。
系动词有:1。
表示特征和存在状态的be,seem, feel, appear,look, smell, taste, sound;2。
表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;3。
表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall,come,grow;eg:Our English teacher is thirty years old。
The cake tastes delicious。
The potatoes went bad in the fields。
Deep water stays still。
She is in good health。
3.主语+ 动词+ 宾语(SVO句型)=主谓宾结构:本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。
如:1。
Tom has made a mistake。
2。
I don’t know if he can come tomorrow.3。
They haven’t decided where to go next。
4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 4.主语+ 双宾动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(SVOO句型)=双宾语结构:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。
定语从句知识结构图解【范本模板】
定语从句知识结构图解概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句. ①指人的先行词⒈先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情)先行词①替代前面的先行词 (替代作用)关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)定语从句“三要素" ⒉关系词: 引导定语的词标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系词的分类关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)⒊定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子。
①限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
定He is a teacher who works at our school.定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history。
比较:He has two sons,who work in the same company. (He has only two sons。
)从He has two sons who work in the same company。
(Perhaps he has two more sons)句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that)I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that)he used to be。
高考英语语法---定语从句
先行词为 引 导 关 词 系 副 词 关 系 代 词 who that whom which whose 人 物/人 人 物 某人/某物的 时间 地点 原因
在定语从句中作 主语 主语或宾语 宾语 宾语或主语 定语 状语 状语 状语 在从 句中 作宾 语可 省去
When Where why
关系代词和关系副词的作用
二、用法 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名 词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定 语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语 时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词 保持一致。 1)who(主格), whom(宾格), that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代 词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:
The girl whose mother is a teacher works very hard. The room whose windows were broken was mine. In 1998,he returned to the small town where he grew up. I still remember the day when I met him for the first time. The reason why he missed the speech was that he didn’t catch the bus.
3)which, that 所代替的先行词是事物 的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语 等。 例如 : a) 这是 我们去年参观的) 工厂。 ( ①This is the factory. ②We visited it last year. This is the factory which / that we visited last year. 可以省略 说明:关系代词房屋。 ( )
定语从句归纳
定语从句一、定义:在复合句中充当定语功能的从句叫定语从句。
二、结构:先行词+引导词+句子三、先行词:被修饰限制的对象叫先行词,由名词和代词充当。
四、引导词:引导定语从句的关系词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类。
关系代词有:that , which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词有:when, where, why, as五、分析定语从句的步骤:1、找出主句和从句;2、找出先行词和引导词;3、正确理解先行词和引导词在意义上的关系;4、分析从句的句子成分。
A.限制性定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1.That 引导定语从句eg.1. The man (that is standing there) is my brother.Step1:主句:The man is my brother.从句:that is standing thereStep 2:先行词:the man 引导词:thatStep3: the man=thatStep4: that 在从句中作主语结论1:在从句中可作主语,可指人。
eg.2 The man (that you saw in the garden yesterday) is my brother.Step1:主句:The man is my brother.从句:that you saw in the garden yesterdayStep 2:先行词:the man 引导词:thatStep3: the man=thatStep4: that 在从句中作及物动词saw的宾语结论2:在从句中还可作宾语,可指人。
eg.3 The book (that is on the desk) is mine.Step1:主句:The book is mine.从句:that is on the deskStep 2:先行词:the book 引导词:thatStep3: the book=thatStep4: that 在从句中作主语结论3:在从句中可作主语,可指事物eg.4. The book (that you bought yesterday) is very useful.Step1:主句:The book is very useful.从句:that you bought yesterdayStep 2:先行词:the book 引导词:thatStep3: the book=thatStep4: that 在从句中作及物动词bought的宾语结论4:在从句中还可作宾语,可指事物。
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Sentence Structure 句型结构句型---按照英语中的动词的类型(五种,即:不及物动词、系动词、单宾动词、双宾动词和复合动词)可以把英语句型划分为五种基本的句型。
一、 1.主语+不及物动词(SV句型)=主谓结构:本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。
如:The sun rises.Tom has already left.谓语可有修饰语-状语。
They had to travel by air or boat.2.主语+系动词+主补(SVC句型)=主系表结构:本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。
系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;2.表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;3.表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; eg:Our English teacher is thirty years old.The cake tastes delicious.The potatoes went bad in the fields.Deep water stays still.She is in good health.3.主语+ 动词+ 宾语(SVO句型) =主谓宾结构:本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。
如:1. Tom has made a mistake.2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow.3. They haven’t decided where to go next.4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.4.主语+ 双宾动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(SVOO句型) =双宾语结构:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。
如:介词to或for.He brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me.用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。
用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。
常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等(需借助for 的)buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。
5.主语+ 复合动词+ 宾语+ 宾补(SVOC句型)复合宾语结构: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。
宾语补足语用来补充和说明宾语的性质和特点。
可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。
如:The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on.My mother asked me to clean my room.The teacher made all students finish their homework on time.用it 做形式宾语,即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。
如: I found it very pleasant to be with your family.6.There be 句型:此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。
它其实是全倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语意。
此句型有时不用be动词,而用live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive 等,但一般不用have。
如:There stands a hill in the middle of the park.Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。
如:there is/are …there was/were…there will be…there is /are going to be...there has/have been…there might bethere must be …there used to be …there happen/happens/happened to be …二.1.并列句。
并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列在一起构成,一般由并列连词、连接副词或逗号、分号、冒号等将各分句连接起来。
1.由分号连接。
eg. Let’s start early; we have a long way to go.2.由并列连词及词组连接-——and/ but /or/ so / however / still/ therefore /yet /while /otherwise/for /both…and…/not only…but also…/as well as/ or else/ either…or…/neither…nor…/not…but…等。
eg: I’d like to, but I have lots of homework to do.Both my father and mother are teachers.It’s very good, yet I don’t like it.She was very tired, nevertheless she kept on working.2.复合句构成:由一个逐句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
主句和从句都有完整的主谓结构,但主句是全局的主体,从句只是全句中的一个成分,不能独立存在。
从句通常是用引导词来引导的,引导词起连接主句和从句的作用。
分类:名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句),形容词性从句(定语从句),副词性从句(状语从句)。
主语从句---定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
引导主语从句的关联词有三类:(1)从属连词that.如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. (2)从属连词whether.如:Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。
(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever;连接副词where,when,how,why.如: What she did is not yet known.How this happened is not clear to anyone.•Whoever comes is welcome.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。
常以it作形式主语的句型有:A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。
如:It is certain that she will do well in her exam.B.It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句。
如:It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.C.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。
如:It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.D.It+seem,appear, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。
如:It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.E.It+doesn’t matter(makes no difference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
如:It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.2.注意连接代词whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句的含义。
Whoever comes will be welcome.Whatever he did was right.Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.宾语从句:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
构成:关联词+简单句。
引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:(1)从属连词that.如:He told us that he felt ill.注:that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。
在以下情况下,that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句,that 宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。
)2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。
)3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。
)4.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。