高考英语语法讲义

非谓语动词

形式主语用it It is …to do….

2. 做宾语demand to do

形式宾语用it I found it easy to d o…

3. 做宾语补足语

1) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如：

advise, allow, cause, command, enable, encourage, forbid, force, instruct, invite, like/love, order, permit, want, get, warn, persuade, request, send, tell, ask, urge

2) feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, make, have, let 不带to, (1感，2听，3使动，5看) 改成被动有to, let 除外

3）有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构，不定式的动词往往是be，to be 可以省去。

believe, consider, prove, find, think等

4. 做定语

1) way, ability, ambition, attempt 等+to do

2) the only, the first, the last, the next, 序数词，形容词最高级+to do

3) nowhere, never, everywhere + to do

4) 表将来the few weeks to come

5) 当心介词He’s looking for a house to live in.

6) I have something to wash 与I have something to be washed 区别

5. 做状语，表示目的，结果，原因

1) I came here to see you. (目的)

in order to, so as to, just to

2) He hurried to the school, (only) to find nobody was there. (结果)

so…as to…, such… as to…, enough… to…, too…to…, only to…

注：too…to…可以不是否定意义，例如，too ready to help you

c annot....too…, only too + adj.

3) I’m glad to help you.(原因)

6. 做表语My job was to teach children during the summer vacation.

7. 独立成分

To be honest, to tell you the truth, to begin with, to make a long story short

8. 与疑问词连用，what/how/where/when to do……why 和why not 除外9.

不定式时态

现在和将来to do

过去to have done

hope 等表示意图、愿望的词，I had hoped to do=I hoped to have done

10. 语态，主动，被动(见表格)

11. 不带to的不定式

1) 1感，2听，3使动，5看

2) Why…, Why not…

3) would rather/sooner do than do would do rather than do

4) cannot but do

5) cannot help but do= cannot help doing

6) 有do 省to (but, except)

7) may as well do, may well do

12. for sb to do 与of sb to do 区别

动词后doing 不用完成时，介词后面doing可用完成时表过去发生的事情

1. 做主语Seeing is believing

形式主语it It’s no use/good doing It’s not any use/good doing, useless

2. 做表语My job is teaching English.

3. 做宾语例如finish doing

注a. allow, advise, forbid, permit, recommend doing

sb to do

b. need, require, want, deserve 用法

c. to 为介词look forward to doing

d. 句型There is no + -ing. 意思为不可能干

There is no telling what’ll happen.

4. 做定语a writing desk a reading room.

5. 动名词复合结构

1) 主语名词、代词所有格

有生命宾语所有格、宾格、普通格

2) 无生命普通格

3) this, that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody, anyone 普通格

6. 时态和语态

7. 动名词和不定式的区别

1) 动名词一般，抽象，过去

不定式具体，特定，现在和将来