高中非谓语动词知识点汇总

、不定式 ：to do 1. 特点

1） 基本结构是：to +动词原形 2） 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化

3） 在句子中可以做主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语 2.

1 ）时态

A •—般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生； B. 完成式表示动作在谓语动词的动作之前； C. 进行式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行；

D. 进行式表示在谓语动词的动作之前一直进行的动作。

2）语态

A. 主动形式表示逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的执行者；

B. 被动形式表示逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受着。 3. 动词不定式可在句中的成分： 1） 做主语

To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hills was great fun. 2） 作宾语

Your father has aat last decided to stop smoking.作动词的宾语 I'm worried about how to pass the exam. 作介词的宾语 3 ）作宾语补足语：

I was in terested in astr onomy and he asked me to give a prese ntatio n to the class.

使役动词（make,let,have 等）与感官动词（watch,hear,feel,notice,see 等）用于主动语态时，宾补的不定式 要省略，但被动语态中

to 不能省略。

My pare nts always make me do my homework before I go out. 常见是接to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：

advise,allow,ask,cause,comma nd,direct,e ncourage,expect,forbid,i nvite,order,permit,persuade,request,teach,tell,wa n t,beg,force,help 4 ）作表语：

An yhow my goal is to provide huma ns with a life of high quality. 5 ）做形容词的作用，动词不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面

I can'tthink of any good advice to give her.（不定式和所修饰词是逻辑上的动宾关系 ）

I am always the first person to get to the office （ 主谓关系 ）

非谓语动词知识点汇总

to

His last appeal,to come and see her,went unanswered.（同位语）

That 'the way to do it.（状语关系）

6）作副词的作用：在句子中作目的，结果和原因状语

To make friends easily,you need to be very kind.（目的状语，常用于in order to, so as to.）

I'm not so stupid as to put in in writing.（结果状语，常用语so...to, such/so...as to, enough...to,only to, too...o）

I'm so excited to be here! （原因状语，常用于sorry,surprised,disappointed,excited,glad 等表示情感的词后面）7）作独立成分，独立于句子之外，表示说话者的态度，语气

To be honest, I don 't like him very much. 常用于独立成分的不定式：to tell truth; to be honest; to put it briefly; to be frank; to begin/start with; to make things worse

4. 动词不定式的复合结构

1）for sb 句型: 通常使用表示客观情况的形容词，描述不定式的特征，性质。

这类形容词有：easy,difficult,important,necessary,possible,dangerous,hard,interesting,good

It is good for one to have self-knowledge.

2）of sb 句型：使用表示主观态度或情感的形容词，描述主语的性质，身份，特征。这类形容词有：

nice,silly,selfish,honest,rude,careful,kind,friendly,wise

It is very friendly of you to help me when I 'm in trouble.

5. 疑问词+不定式：与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how 等连用，在句中作主语，表语，宾语，宾补，同位语等。

I didn 't know how to get back to the village.

注意：why 不能用于疑问词+不定式的结构

6. to 的省略

1）感官动词和使役动词作宾补时

2）在介词but,except，表示除了.... 之意的单词前，若有实义动词do,作宾语的不定式省略to，若无do,

to 不能省略。

I can do everything around the house except cook. （有do，省略to）

1 have no choice but to accept the fact.（无do，力口to）

3）help 后不定式作宾补, to 可有可无；但主语是表示物的名词或主语不能发出不定式的动作时要加to

Your rich experience will help you to find a good job.

4）多个不定式短语表示并列关系时, to 可省略；若表示对比关系, to 不可省略

He refuses to spend time with us or do as we tell him.

They came not to save us,but to conquer us.

5）常见的省略to 的不定式结构：had better do, would rather do, cannot but do, do nothing but do, have nothing to do but do,why（not）do

7. 不定式后面动词的省略

1）为了避免重复，在hope,wish等动词短语后面出现的与上文相同的不定式，通常只保留不定式符号to，其

他省略。这类动词有:hope,wish,want,like,love,decide,plan,mean,prefer,have to,be able to,be going to,used to ,ought to, would like to

We would not only be able to travel around the world,but also to study in any world famous university we want to.（省略