outside与out of
高中英语介词知识点
高中英语介词知识点介词的英语全称为“preposition”是由“前缀pre-(在……前部)+position(位置)”构成的,所以又叫前置词。
一般放在名词、代词或动名词的前面。
接下来小编给大家分享关于高中英语介词知识,希望对大家有所帮助!高中英语介词知识1表时间的介词:about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within等。
1.表示时间先后的before,after和in。
before表示某一时刻之前和after表示某一时刻之后。
in一般表示“从现在或说话时刻算起某一段时间之后”,用于将来时。
after则表示以过去为起点的某一段时间之后,用于过去时。
“in+时间段"也可作”在……之内"解。
He will be back in a few days. 他几天之后就回来。
He left on Monday and returned after three days. 他星期一走的,三天后回来的。
It's difficult to draw a horse well in half an hour.半小时之内画好一匹马是困难的。
2.表示"时间延续"的for, from...tofor表示动作或状态延续的时间长度,谓语动词必须是延续性的。
而from...to...表示“从……到……”。
We have studied English for three years. 我们学英语已三年了。
My family lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.我家从1996年到1999年住在北京。
3.表示"时限"的介词since, from, by, until(till)since表示动作的起始点,其意是 "从……以来 ",常与完成时态连用。
outside用法
outside用法外面的世界很大,而我们的生活却往往被局限在狭小的空间里。
因此,我们需要去探索外面的世界,了解不同的文化、语言和生活方式,扩展自己的视野和知识面。
在这篇文章中,我将讨论“outside”的用法,以及它对我们的生活和成长的重要性。
首先,我们来看看“outside”的基本用法。
作为一个副词,它可以表示“在外面”、“向外面”、“在外面的部分”、“在外面的世界”等意思。
例如:- I like to spend my weekends outside. (我喜欢在周末的时候在外面度过时间。
)- The sun was shining outside, but it was still cold. (外面的阳光很好,但是还是很冷。
)- The restaurant has a nice outside seating area. (这家餐厅有一个漂亮的户外座位区。
)- She has never been outside of the country. (她从来没有出过国。
)除了这些基本的用法外,“outside”还有一些其他的用法,例如: 1. “outside of”表示“除了……之外”、“在……之外”。
例如: - Outside of work, she enjoys hiking and reading. (除了工作之外,她喜欢徒步旅行和阅读。
)- Outside of the city, the air is much cleaner. (在城市之外,空气要清新得多。
)2. “outside”也可以作为名词使用,表示“外面”、“户外”、“露天”。
例如:- We decided to eat outside on the patio. (我们决定在露台上吃饭。
)- The outside of the building was covered in graffiti. (建筑物的外面被涂满了涂鸦。
最全面人教版七年级上册英语第四单元知识点归纳总结
Unit 4 Where's my schoolbag?一、词汇与短语● 重点单词A部分1.where adv. 在哪里;到哪里2.table n. 桌子3.bed n. 床4.room n. 房间5.sofa n. 沙发6.their pron. 他(她、它)们的7.chair n. 椅子8.hat n. 帽子9.on prep. 在……上10.head n. 头11.under prep. 在……下12.know v. 知道;了解e v. 来;来到14.bookcase n. 书架;书柜15.desk n. 书桌16.yeah interj. 是的;对17.think v. 认为;想;思考B部分1.radio n. 收音机;无线电广播2.tidy adj. 整洁的;井井有条的3.clock n. 时钟4.but conj. 但是5.tape n. 磁带;录音带;录像带6.our pron. 我们的7.player n. 播放机8.everywhere adv. 处处;到处;各个地方9.model n. 模型10.always adv. 总是11.plane n. 飞机● 重点短语A部分1.on the sofa 在沙发上2.in your schoolbag 在你的书包里3.under your bed 在你的床上e on 快点儿5.on their bed 在他们的床上6.on your head 在你的头上7.under the chair 在椅子下面8.on the sofa在沙发上9.grandparents' room (外)祖父母的房间B部分1.a tape player 一个磁带播放机2.a model plane 一个飞机模型3.under the radio 在收音机下面4.in the bookcase 在书柜里5.on the teacher's desk 在老师的讲桌上6.on the desk 在书桌上7.under the desk 在书桌下8.in my room 在我的房间里● 重点句子A部分1.--Are the keys on the sofa? --No, they aren't. They are on the table.钥匙是在沙发上吗? 不,不是。
Out of的用法及例句
"Out of" 是一个短语,有多种用法,具体取决于上下文。
以下是一些常见的用法:
1. 来源或原因:
- I made a cake out of flour and sugar.(我用面粉和糖做了一个蛋糕。
)
- She was crying out of happiness.(她因为快乐而哭泣。
)
2. 离开或脱离:
- He walked out of the room.(他走出了房间。
)
- Get out of the car!(从车里出来!)
3. 没有:
- I'm out of milk.(我的牛奶用完了。
)
4. 在...之外:
- The cat is out of the bag.(秘密泄露了。
)
- Stay out of trouble.(避免麻烦。
)
5. 表示数量的一部分:
- Three out of five people prefer the red color.(五个人中有三个喜欢红色。
)
6. 在一段时间后:
- I'll be back out of the meeting in an hour.(我会在一个小时后从会议中回来。
)
7. 表示超过:
- The car was driving at speeds of over 100 miles out of the city.(汽车在城市外以超过100英里的速度行驶。
)
请注意,"out of" 的确切含义会随着上下文而变化,上述例句提供了一些常见用法的示例。
【初中英语】中考英语语法之地点方向介词
【初中英语】中考英语语法之地点方向介词【—高中入学考试英语语法之地点方向介词】关于地点方向的介绍语法知识学习,下面是老师对此内容的讲解,希望给同学们的学习很好的帮助。
表示位置和方向的介词:1.inoutsidebetween,among① “In”指:what’sinthebox?盒子里是什么?她把她放在木屋里。
她把书放进书桌里。
②outside指“在……外面”房间外面有很多人。
房间外面有很多人。
whatdidyouseeoutsidethehall?你在大厅外看见了什么?③ 之间thereisahospitalbetweenthehotelandthepostoffice.在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院。
这些建筑矗立在公园和莫尔河之间。
这座建筑位于公园和河流之间。
between是指“在两者之间”,而among指“在多个之间”。
④ 之间(指三个以上)“thereisathiefamongyou.”thepolicemanshoutedto thecrowd.警察向人群喊道:“你们中间有贼!”hefoundhisplaceamongthecrowd.他在人群中找到了他的位置。
2.在上面,在上面,在下面,在下面(1)on在……上面,表面相互接触。
有一张桌子。
桌子上有一个苹果。
onthetopofthehill,thereisaflag.山顶有一面旗子。
(2)以上仅表示“高于或高于……”,在下面的对面。
aplaneflewaboveourheads.一架飞机从我们头上飞过。
炉子就住在我们上面。
特纳一家住在我们上面。
(3)over“在……正上方”,与under相对。
特里萨·杰弗里弗。
河上有一座桥。
thepictureishangingovertheblackboard.那张图挂在黑板的正上方。
(4)下面,下面therearemanyflowersbelowthewindow.窗下有很多花。
她的裙子刚好够到下面。
大学英语词汇前后缀总结大全
大学英语词汇前后缀总结大全英语词汇前缀一、上(向上,在上);下(向下,在下)1.ana-来源:G. ana-,来自ana,up,on向上,在上变形:元音之前变为an-,如anode含义:(1) up, upward向上,向上的,向上地anabatic向上的,向上运动的(2) back, backward在后,向后的ananym倒写名字(3) again, anew再,重新,以一种新的或不同的方式(现现)anabiosis复苏2.cata-来源:G. kata-,来自kata,down向下变形:元音与h之前变为cat-,如cation,cathode 含义:(1) down向下catabiotic衰变的(2) against,back,opposite相反,向后,相反的catabaptist反对洗礼的人(3) wholly,thoroughly整个地,彻底地(用以加强原意)cataclastic碎裂的3.epi-来源:G. epi-,来自epi,on,up,to在上,向上,向变形:元音与h之前变为ep-,如epoch,ephemeral 含义:upon,besides,near to,over,after,outer,anterior,prior to在上,加之,靠近,向上,在后,外边的,在…之前,在先的epibiotic残骸,残遗物4.up-来源:M. E. up,upward向上含义:in an upward direction,up向上,在上upgrade提高等级5.down-来源:M. E. doun,来自O. E. adune(a-dune,hill),off or from the hill下山含义:down,in a downward direction向下,在…下downcast下落,陷落6.a-来源:O. E. a-,an,on在上含义:(1) on,in,at在…上,在…中,在abed在床上(2) in(such)a state or condition在…情况或状态中afire燃烧着(3) in(such)a manner处于…方式aloud高声地,出声地(4) in the act of,in the process of 处于某种行动或过程中a-hunting打猎中7.on-来源:O. E. on,an,on在…上含义:on在…上onlooker旁观者二、过(过,上,超,高,特);不及(不及,下,亚,次,稍)1.super-来源:L. super-,over,above,in addition过,高于,加之;来自super,to or in a position higherthan,over,处于更高的位置,过含义:(1) (a) (i) over,above,higher in quantity,quality or degree,more than过,高于,在数量、质量、程度上高于、多于superstandard高标准(ii) in addition,extra附加的,额外的supernumerary多余的;多余者(iii) of a secondary character某种次特征的superparasitism重寄生现象(b) in excessing degree or intensity,exceeding a normal过度的,加强的,超过标准superingenious极度机灵的(c) surpassing all or most others of its kind or class(as in power,size or complexity)(在威力、形态、复杂性等方面)超群同种类中全部或大多数的superbomber超级轰炸机(2) (a) situated or placed above,on the top of,specifically situated on the dorsal side of位于或置于上面或项上的,尤指位于背部顶上的supertower塔顶(b) next above or higher次高,较高superoctave高八度音(3) having an additional dimension比…在形体上更增大的supersized超大型的(4) (a) consisting a more inclusive category than that specified含有包容比所述者更大的范畴的superfamily总科(b) superior in status, title or position在地位、头衔、职位上更高的supersovereign高级统治者2.sub-来源:L. sub- under,below,form below up,near,further,after在下,低于,从上而下,接近,较远,在后变形:(1) c,f,g,m,p,r 前,分别变为suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-如succeed,suffix,suggest,summate,support,surrender (2) t以及一些c,p之前变为sus-,如sustain,susceptible,suspend (3) sc,sp之前,略去b,成为su-,如suspect含义:(1) under,below,beneath在下,低于,在下面subsoil底土,下层土(2) (a) subordinate,secondary,next lower than or inferior to,of lower rank亚于,次于,次低于或劣于,低级别的subcenter子中心,副中心(b) (i) subordinate portion of,subdivision of,derived from次要部分的,细分部分的,从…派生的subdistrict小区(ii) with repetition(as of a process),so as to form,stress or deal with subordinate parts or relations,further,again在形成、强调或处理次要部分或关系中,进行(如过程的)重复,更进一步地,再次地subclassify再细分(3) somewhat,slightly,less than completely or perfectly,inadequately,less than normally有点,略微,略少,不充分地,少于正常地subacid微酸的(4) (a) almost,nearly差不多,近似,接近subabdominal近腹部的(b) fallen nearly in the category of and often adjoining,bordering upon差不多已是这个范畴,并且常常表示临近,近似subadult差不多已成人(c) immediately following,after紧跟,随后successive后继的3.hyper-来源:G. hyper-,来自hyper,相当于L. super-含义:(1) over,above,beyond高于,超过,相当于super-hyperbarbarous极残暴的(2) overmuch,excessively太多,过,过分地,相当于extra-hyperacid胃酸过多的(3) excessive in extent or quality在范围与性质上过大、过甚hyperesthesia感觉过敏4.hypo-来源:G. hypo-,来自hypo,相当于L. sub-含义:(1) under,beneath,down在下,在下面,低于hypodermic皮下的(2) less than normal or normally低于正常的(地)hypocalcemia血钙过低5.supra-来源:L. supra-,above,on,top,beyond,further back,earlier高于,在上,上端,超出,更后,较早含义:(1) above,higher than处于上部,高于supraorbital眼眶上的(2) transcending超越supranational超国家的(3) prior to先于supralapsarian前定论者6.infra-来源:L. infra,below,beneath低于,在下面含义:(1) below,lower in status than低于,地位低于infraglacial冰底的(2) within在…内infraterritorial本土内的(3) below in a scale or series在尺度或系列中处于下位的infrasonic次声(频)的(4) below or beneath低于,在下面infracoastal肋骨以下的7.subter-来源:L. subter,secretly,under,below隐蔽在,在下,低于含义:under,below,secretly在下,低于,隐蔽地subternatural逊于天然的8.sur-来源:O. F. sour-,sur-来自L. super含义:(1) over超,高于,加上,相当于super- surface表面(2) excessive过度的surexcitation兴奋过度(3) above,up在上,向上surbase基柱上的饰物9.over-来源:O. E. ofer,over在上,过于含义:(1) too过,太(尤用于来自形容词的形容词)overbold过于大胆的(2) too much过多(尤用于来自名词或动词的名词或动词)overact演得过火(3) over,on,outside在上,在外overshoe套鞋10.under-来源:O. E. under,under在下,少于含义:(1) worn,placed,situated,etc. under 穿于下面,放在下面,位于下部等(尤用于名词之前)underclothes内衣裤(2) not sufficiently,not so much as necessary不足,比需要的少些(尤用于动词之前)underact不卖力的表演三、内(在内,向内,进内);外(在外,向外,出外)1.in-来源:L. in-,in在内,向内,进入变形:(1) 在b,m,p以前变成im-,如imbalance,immoral,import (2) 在l,r以前变成il-,ir-,如irrigate (3) 在gn前变成i-,如ignorance(4) 偶尔还可见其延伸式indu-,如industry含义:(1) in,within,inward,into,toward,on内,在内,向内,进入,向,在上inject投入,注射(2) 与en-同义,使…,加以…,饰以…,放进去,提供illucidate使清楚,阐明(3) 加强原意illustrate说明,表明2.en-来源:O. F. en-,来自L. in-变形:b,m,p前通常变为em-,如embus,emmarble,empower 含义:(1) put into,put on to,cover or surround with,go into or on to置于…内,置于…上,盖以…,环以…,进入,登上——加在名词前变动词encradle放进摇篮中(2) cause to be使之——加在形容词或名词之前,成为动词,有时加在动词前,这种动词有时还有后缀-en,如emboldenenglad使乐(3) provided with供以——加在名词前成为动词encollar上领子(4) so as to cover or surround,thoroughly盖住或包围,彻底地——加在其含义与之稍有差别或不全相同的动词前变成新动词enwrap包入,卷入3.en-来源:L. en-,来自G. en-,来自en,in在内变形:b,m,p前通常变为em-,如embatholithic 含义:in,within,inside内,在内,内面endermic皮下的4.endo-来源:F. endo-,来自G. endon-,within,at home 在…内,在家变形:有时元音前为end-,如endergonic含义:与exo-相反 (1) within,inside在…内,内面endoscope内窥镜(2) taking in,requiring吸,收,与exo-相反endotherm吸热5.eso-来源:G. eso-,来自eso,within在内含义:within内部的,在内的esotropia内斜眼6.intra-来源:L. intra,within(position,the mind,thoughts,the space of),inside(position,a periodoftime);without passing beyond,on this sideof;without exceeding,within a limit orrestriction;confined to在(位置,心、思维、空间)内,在(位置、期间)之内,未跨越,在…的这边,未超过,在某界限或限度之内,限于含义:(1) (a) within在…内,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intraclass同类的(b) between layers of层间,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intracutaneous皮内的(c) during期间,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intrafebrile发热期间的(d) underneath在下,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intrasonic超低频的(2) 进入内部的,与intro-同义intramascular注入肌肉的(3) internal内部的intraselection内部选择说7.intro-来源:L. intro,inwardly,to the inside内向地,向内地,与extro-相反含义:(1) in,into内,进入introjection投入的行动(2) inward,within向内,在…内,与extro-相反introvert内向,内省8.ex-来源:L. ex-,out,away,throughout,thoroughly,achievement,up;it also has privative force外,出外,向…离去,彻底地,完成,向上;它也有“缺少”或“除外”的含义变形:(1) 元音和c,p,q,s,t前,取ex-形,有时s前的exs-变成ex-或es-,如expect (2) b,d,g,j,l,m,n,r,v前变为e-,如ebullition,edition,egregious,eject,elect,emission,enervate,erect,evohuate (3) f前变为eff-,如effuence含义:(1) out of,away form,outside of在…外,从…离去,在…之外elect选出,选举(2) without,lacking没有,缺exalate无翅的(3) 加强原意exalt增高,使升高(4) out of(the office or condition),former脱离(某个职位或状态),前…(中间以短划连接)ex-president前总统9.exo-来源:G. exo-,out of,out,outside of,outside 在…外,外,在…外边,外边变形:元音前有时变成ex-,如exergonic含义:(1) outside,outer,外面,外面的,与endo-相反,请比较ecto-exogamy外族通婚(2) producing产生,与endo-相反exothermal放热的10.ec-来源:G. ek-,out of,outside of,out在…外,在…外边,外边含义:out of,outside of,out在…外,在…外边,外边eccyesis子宫外孕11.ecto-来源:G. ekto-,outside外面变形:元音前变为ect-,如ectad含义:(1) outside,external外边,外部的(对比endo-,exo-)ectotherm冷血动物(2) out of place异位ectocardia心脏异位12.extra-来源:L. extra,outside,except,beyond外边,除却,超出含义:outside,beyond在…之外,格外,特,超——尤用于形容词组成形容词extra-urban市区外的13.extro-来源:L. extro,outside,outward外面,向外含义:outside,outward外面,向外,与intro-相反extrovert外向性格的人14.in-来源:O. E. in,in在内变形:无,注意与前面的in-有区别含义:in内,在内inland内地的,国内的15.out-来源:O. E. ut,out外,在外(参见词根ut)含义:(1) out,outside,outward,away,from 外,外面,向外,从…离去outdoor户外的(2) out,indicating exhaustion,extinction驱逐出,表示耗尽,灭绝outroot除根(3) over,too much,too excessively过,过分,太,过多地outsize过大(4) surpassing胜过的,无比的outdo胜过,战胜四、前(在前,在先,优先);后(在后,随后,远离,退后,反向,重复)1.pre-来源:L. prae-,position in front,ahead,at the end,or temporal precedence;preeminence in thequality(在动词或其派生词前,表示)位置在前,前头,在端点或暂时领先,(在形容词前,表示)有关的性质是超群的含义:(1) (a) (i) earlier than,prior to,before 先于,早于,在…之前(先),前predeparture出发前的(ii) preparatory or prerequisite to预备的,必须预先具备的premedical医学预科的(iii) in a formative, incipient or preliminary stage趋于成形的,初期的,初步的阶段precartilage前软骨(最终形成软骨)(b) in advance,before-hand预先,在前prejudge预先判断(2) (a) in front of,before在前,前preamplifier放置放大器(b) at the front,anterior,constituting a front part在前部,在…之前,构成前面部分preabdomen前腹部(3) exceedingly非常地,极度地prenoble极其高尚的2.preter-来源:L. praeter-,past,by过去,经过含义:(1) past,by已过,经过preterit过去时态(2) beyond the range of,surpassing超过…范围,超越preternormal超过正常标准的3.pro-来源:L. pro-,foreward movement or direction,downward movement,action in front,prominence;utterance;priority in time andadvantage移前,向前,下移,向前作用,突出;极度;优先,优势含义:(1) (a) earlier than,prior to,before (时间上)先于,早于,前于,前probaptismal洗礼前的(b) 原始的,与proto-同义proanthropus原人(2) (a) situated before,located in front of,anterior to(空间上)在前,位于前,先于procerebrum脑的前部(b) front,anterior前,先于prothorax前胸(3) projecting,action in front向前投射,向前动作project射出(4) bringing into open使公开proclaim正式公布4.pro-来源:L. pro-,pro,before,in front of,in behalf of,for,on account of在前,在…前面,代表,为了,为了…的缘故变形:某些法语源词为pur-(A. F.,来自O. F. por-,pur-,F. pour-,来自L. pro-,for),如purchase,purport,purpose,pursue,purvey含义:(1) taking the place of,substituting for 代替,代理pronoun代名词(2) siding with,advocating,favoring,supporting,championing与…站在一边,拥护,亲…,支持,为支持他人而奋斗pro-British亲英的(3) for,on account of,according to 为了,为了…之故,按照proportion按比例,比例5.proto-来源:G. protos,before,ahead在…前,在前面变形:元音前变为prot-,如protactinium含义:(1) (a) first in time(时间上)最初,第一protohistoric史前时代的(b) first in status,chief in rank or importance,principal(地位上)首要,(等级上)主要或显要,主要的protocerebrum前脑(c) beginning,tending toward,given rise to开始,趋于,引起protocol文件原稿,议定书(2)(通常第一个字母大写)一种或多种语言或方言的母语,一般拼作proto-,后面用一短划与大写的第二部分连接Proto-Arabic原始阿拉伯语的6.re-来源:L. re-,red-,movement back or in reverse,withdrawal,reversal of a previous process,restoration,response or opposition,repeatedaction向后或反向移动,退后,前一过程的逆过程,复原,反应或相反,重复动作变形:red-,如redundant含义:(1) movement back or in reverse,withdrawal(向)后动,反向动,退却rebound弹回(2) reversal of a previous process,restoration,again,anew前过程的逆过程,恢复,再,重新redo再做(3) response or opposition反应,反对rebellion反叛(4) separation,withdrawal撤离,离开remove除去,移去注:下列场合,要在前缀re-与后续部分中间加一短划:(1) 为避免与另一含义不同的词相混淆,如re-create,以别于recreate(2) 后续部分已有一前缀re-,如re-recover(3) 后续部分以大写字母开头,如re-Christianization7.retro-来源:L. retro-,(1) towards the rear, backwards 向后部,向后 (2) (without motion implied) in aposition to the rear, behind one, in a positionto the rear of, behind(无动作)位置在后,在另一个之后,在后部位置,在后部 (3) tothe place or in the direction from which onecame, back (again)回到原来的位置或方向,(再)返回 (4) in the opposite direction tothat normally followed, backward与循序而行的方向反向,倒退含义:(1) (a) backward, back向后,后retroject向后投射(b) back in time, past(时间上)回溯,过去retrodict倒堆(过去)(2) situated behind(位置)在后retrolingual舌后的(3) contrary to the usual or natural course, retrograde, back, again逆反,逆行,逆反应retroinfection逆传染(4) in return, retroverse反转,反向,倒转retrovert使翻转8.ante-来源:L. ante-, in front, in front of, before, forewards,previously在前面,在…的前面,在…之前,向前,先前地含义:(1) (a) prior, precedent, earlier较早的,在先的,更早的antenatus某时代前出生的人(b) anterior, foreward在…之前的,(空间)向前anteroom前厅,接待室(2) (a) prior to, earlier than先于,早于antenatal出生以前的(b) in front of在…前面的anteorbital眼眶前的9.post-来源:L. post-, 来自posterus, behind含义:(1) (a) after, subsequent, later在…之后,此后的,后postentry后登的(漏)账(b) behind, posterior, following after…后面,…以后,…随后的postfix后缀(2) (a) subsequent to, later than继…之后的,比…较后的postabolescence(青年期之后)壮年期(b) behind, posterior to…后面的,次要的postern后门,便道10.meta-来源:L. L. & G. meta-,来自meta, after, with, between在后,紧接着,随后,介于两者之间变形:元音或h前多为met-,如metencephalic, method含义:(1) (a) between介于中间,介metastable暂时稳定的(b) in succession to, occurring later, after较后发生,随后出现,在后metagenesis世代交替(c) situated behind, posterior位于后,后面的metacarpal掌骨(位于腕骨carpal之后)(d) later or more highly organized or specialized form of新近出现的,更高层次组合或更特殊形态的metaphyte后生植物(与protophyte相对)(e) with, occurring with有,带有metatype伴型,次型(2) change in transformation of…的变化metaplasm词形变化(3) (a) beyond, transcending超出,超越(此义从亚里斯多德名著metaphysics而来),metaphysics来自G. ta meta ta physika, the works after the physics意为物理学后的著作,或超物理学(中国古代叫形而上学或玄学)metaphysics形而上学(b) of a higher logical type in names formed from names of disciplines and designating new but related disciplines such as can deal critically with the nature, structure or behavior of the original ones 元的,一种更高层次逻辑形式的——加于一种学科名字之前,表示一种新的但与此学科有关的学科,它批判地研究原学科的性质、结构或行为metalanguage元语言11.fore-来源:O. E. fore-,来自fore,在前部含义:(1) (a) at an earlier point in time, beforehand时间上在先,预先foresee预见(b) occurring at an earlier point in time, occurring beforehand发生在先forepaymant预付(c) being an earlier part of (something stipulated)(某些规定事物的)早先部分foreday早晨(2) (a) situated at or toward the front, situated in front of something位在前,向前,位于某些事物的前面foreleg(动物)前腿(b) being the front part of (something stipulated)(某些事物的)前部分forearm前臂(3) 主要的,首要的foreman工头12.after-来源:O. E. aeften, behind在后含义:(1) after较后aftereffect后效,后作用(2) second二次,再,后after-crop第二次收获五、在旁边(沿着,平行,靠近);越过(穿过,透过,跨过,遍及,远的)1.para-来源:L. para-,来自G. para-,来自para, beside, contrary to在旁边,相反于变形:元音前par-,如paranthropus含义:(1) (a) beside, along side of傍,沿…边paracentral靠近中心的(b) parallel, parasitic平行的,并行的,寄生的paragenesis共生(c) associated in a subsidiary or accessory capacity能力或能量属于次要的或附加的paramilitary准军事组织(d) closely resembling the true form, almost极似真的,差不多的(尤指疾病)para-book类似书籍的刊物(2) beyond, outside of超越,在…之外paranormal超越正常现象的(3) (a) faulty, irregular or disorderedcondition, abnormal有缺陷、不规则或无秩序的状态paranoia妄想症(b) perversion反常parabulia意志力的异常或颠倒2.cis-来源:L. cis-,来自cis, (time) before, (space) on thenear side of, (motion) to the near side of,across(时间)在前,(空间)在近端,(动作)向近端,横过含义:(1) on this side, on the nearer side (often with a hyphen)在这一边,在近边(往往加一短划);请与trans-, ultra-作对照cisalpine在阿尔卑斯山这边(2) nearer in time, since时间上较近,自…cisatomic自发现原子以来3.by-来源:O. E. be, bi, by, near旁,近旁,与amphi-, ambi-有亲缘关系含义:(1) near, at or to the side of近旁,侧bypass旁路,支路(2) past过去的bygone过时的,过去的;过去的事(3) aside, in reverse在一边,反面的byplace偏僻处,穷乡僻壤(4) secondary, subsidiary, supplementary其次的,次要的,副的,补充的by-effect副作用4.be-来源:O. E. be-,来自be, bi, by, near旁,近旁含义:(1) on, around, over在…之上,盖在表面上,在…之四周,从一边到另一边bedaub涂,敷,污染(2) to a great or greater degree, thoroughly达到一个大的或更大的程度,彻底地——用于使简单动词变成加强语气的动词becudgel该(棒)打(3) excessively, ostentatively过分地,夸张地——用于简单动词变为加强语气的动词;也用于词尾为-ed的形容词之前bedeck装饰,点缀(4) about, to, at, upon, against, across 在近处或随处,到,在,在…之上,在相反处,横过——加在不及物动词前变成及物动词bestride骑乘,跨,跨越(5) make, cause, to be, treat as使,使之,是,视为——加于形容词或名词之前,变成动词belittle轻视,蔑视(6) call or dub, esp. excessively取名或起号,尤指过分夸张地——加于名词之前变成动词belady如夫人(7) affect, afflict, treat, provide, or cover with, esp. excessively使受影响、痛楚、虐(或善)待、提供、覆盖以,尤指程度上过分地——加于名词前变为动词,有时加在词尾为-ed的形容词前befamine使饥饿5.peri-来源:L. peri-,来自G. peri-,来自peri, to pass through通过,穿过含义:(1) near空间或时间的接perihelion近日点(2) all around, about, round四处,到处,四周围,在周围periarctic北极地区的(3) (a) enclosing or surrounding包围的,环绕的periderm外皮(b) tissue surrounding (a sp. part)环绕某部组织炎症的(用于带后缀-it is的名称)periarthritis关节周炎6.per-来源:L. per-, throughout, thoroughly, completely,deviating from, detrimentally遍及,彻底地,完全地,偏离,有害地;来自per, through, by穿过,傍变形:某些法语源词为par-,如pardon含义:(1) throughout遍及,全部,贯穿perspective透视(2) through, by means of经过,穿过,经由,通过perambulate步行穿过(3) deviating from偏离perfidy背信,不忠(4) 加强原义perplex使复杂7.dia-来源:L. dia-来自G. dia-, through越过,遍及变形:di-,用于元音前,如diactinic含义:(1) through, during全部,遍及,由此及彼,自始至终diagnose诊断(彻底弄清)(2) across横过,穿过diagonal对角线8.trans-来源:L. trans-, across, beyond, to the other side,through, so as to change横过,跨越,到另一边,经过,因之改变变形:常在浊辅音前变为tra-,如trajectory, traduce,traverse; s前常成为tran-,如transister 含义:(1) (a) across越过transpolar跨(北)极的(b) beyond超出transhuman超人的(c) through透过,穿过translucent半透明的(d) on or to the other side在或到另一边transpacific在太平洋彼岸的(e) completeness of change变化的完成,转变transshape变形(2) transverse横向的transverse横卧,横放9.ultra-来源:L. ultra-,来自ultra, to a point beyond, on thefar side, farther off, beyond向远端的一点,在远端,远离,超出含义:(1) beyond in space, on the other side 空间上的那一边,在另一端,相当于trans- ultratropical热带那边的(2) beyond the range or limits of, transcending范围或限度上超越,超越,相当于super-ultramodern超现代化的(3) beyond what is common, ordinary, natural, right, proper or moderate, excessively, exceedingly超乎普通、一般、自然、正当、正常或适度的,过度地,非常地,相当hyper- ultracomplex极端复杂的10.tele-来源:G. tel-, tele, far, far off, distant 远的,远离的,遥远的变形:tel-, telo-,如telautogram, telodynamic 含义:(1) distant, at a distance, over a distance远的,在远处,超过某一距离telegram电报(2) telegram, television, telephoto, telecommunication电报,电视,远距摄影,电信teletypewriter电传打字机六、在中间(在内,相互之间);在周围(围绕)1.medi-, medio-来源:来自L. medius, middle中间含义:(1) medial中间的medial中间的(2) intermediate居间的medieval中世纪的,中古的(3) middle or median plane中部或中间平面medioventral腹中部的2.meso-来源:L., G. meso-,来自G. mesos, middle中间变形:元音前用mes-,如mesad含义:in the middle, intermediate (as in position, size,type, time, degree)在中间,(位置、大小、型别、时间、程度的)中间或中等的,介于…之间的mesial中间的,当中的3.inter-来源:L. inter-,来自inter, within在…内含义:(1) between, among, in the midst介于…间,两者之间interpolar处于两极之间的(2) mutual, reciprocal相互,交互interrelation相互关系(3) between or among the parts of介于两部分之间intercostal肋间的(4) carried on between在…之间进行或从事的international国际(间)的(5) carried on between, intervening在…间进行的,干扰的interfere干涉(6) shared by or derived from two or more 为二个或多个(团体、组织等)所共享或从它们派生出来的interdepartmental各部门间的,(大学的)各秒之间的(7) between the limits of, within在两个界限之内,在…之内intertropical位于热带地区之内的4.circum-来源:L. circum-来自circum, round about (an objector place), nearby, in a circle around, (withmotion or of distance) round,环某物或地方周围,近旁,在圆圈周围,(动作或距离)环绕含义:(1) around, about, on all sides围绕,到处circumrotate绕转(2) around, surrounding, revolving around在…四周,周围的,绕着…转的(3) circumscribed标出界限,限制,画圈circumscribe标界5.amphi-来源:L. amphi-, around, on both sides环绕,两边变形:元音前为amph-,如amphion含义:(1) around环绕amphibology语义不明确(在真意周围打圈圈)(2) on both sides, of both kinds, both 两边,两种,两者amphivorous荤素两食的6.ambi-来源:L. ambi, around, on both sides, both 围绕,两边,两者变形:元音前amb-,如ambit含义:(1) around环绕ambient环绕四周的(2) both两者ambilateral双方的七、合(在一起,共同,同时),分(离)1.con-来源:L. com,来自cum, along with, together with,with与…一道,连同,与变形:(1) 元音h, g, n前变为co-,如coaction, coherence, cognate (2) b, m, p前,变为com-,如combine, commemorate, compatriot (3) l前变为col-,如collaboration (4) r前变为cor-,如correlation含义:(1) collection or simultanously聚在一起,同时地convention大会,会议(2) joint action共同行动colloquy交谈,谈话(3) connexion or partnership连接或合伙关系consort配偶,夫妻(4) enclose or containing围绕或包含conception怀孕,构思(5) intensify of action动作的加强(起加强原义作用)constant永恒,经常的(6) completeness完全性(起加强原义作用)complete完全的,全部的2.co-来源:L. com-,与O. E. ge-有亲缘关系,后者表示perfective, associative, collective完成的,联合的,聚集的含义:(1) with, together, joint, jointly, shared, mutual, mutually与,一起,共同的,共同,共同地,共有的,互相的,互相地coaction(生物)共同的行动(2) in or to the same degree在或趋于同一程度coconcious意识到同样事物的(3) (a) fellow, partner同伴,合伙者coconspirator(共谋的)阴谋家(b) having an usually lesser share in duty or responsibility, alternate, deputy责任和义务较少的,轮流的,代表,代理人copilot副驾驶员(4) (a) operating together, or reciprocally相互起作用的,互惠的,相互的coterm互相适应的(b) of the complement of an angle余角的cosine余弦3.syn-来源:M. E sin-, syn-,来自L. syn-,来自G. syn-,来自syn, with, together with, by means of, atthe same time as与,与…一起,籍,与…同时变形:(1) b, m, p前为sym-,如symbol, symmetry, symphony (2) l前为syl-,如syllable (3) s, z前为sy-,如system, syzygy含义:(1) with, along with, together与,与…一道,在一起synod讨论会(2) at the same time同时synod(天文)会合(3) like, associated相似的,相连的syndrome并发症,综合症4.se-来源:L. se, sed, apart, aside, sometimes privative分离,靠近,有时有“除外”的含义含义:(1) apart, aside分离,靠边secede退出,脱离(2) privative除外的,否定的secure无虑的,安心的八、来自;去向1.ab-来源:L. ab-, from, away from; off; at a distance;completely, thoroughly从…(出发),向…,离去,在某个距离处,完全地,彻底地变形:(1) abs,如abstract (2) a-,如avert含义:(1) from, departing from, away, off, at a distance, outside of从…,从…离去,向…离去,在某个距离处,在…之外abnoraml反常(2) completely, thoroughly完全地,彻底地(起加强原义作用)absorb吸收(3) 从absolute(绝对的)一词转用到公制的电磁单位abampere绝对安培2.apo-来源:G. apo-,来自apo, from, away从…出发,向…离去变形:ap-,用于元音或h之前,如apastron, aphelion含义:(1) away, from, off, remove off向…离去,从…出发,离去,移去aphelion远日点(2) detached, separate离开的,分开的aporrhea流出,析出(3) 用以加强原义aphorism(从某一见解完全分出的简要语)格言、警语3.ad-来源:L. ad-, motion to or against, direction towards,placing on or against, nearness or presence,intensification动向,背向,指向,置于其上,到达,靠近或在场,加强原意变形:凡来自拉丁语源的词,(1) 在c, f, g, l, n, p, r,s, t之前分别变为acc-, aff-, agg-, all-, ann-,app-, arr-, ass-, att-,如account, affix,aggravate, allocation, announce, appoint,arrange, assimilate, attract (2) 在k, q 之前常变为ack-, acq-,如acknowledge, acquire (3)在sc, sp, st, gn之前,d常被略去,成为asc-,asp, ast-, agn-,如ascension, aspiration,astride, agnostic (4) m前之adm-有时变为amm-,如ammunition含义:(1) (motion) to, toward(动)至,(动)向adduce引用,引证,说明(2) placing on or against置于…上,背靠affix附加,贴上(3) near, adjacent to(常用ad-形)接近,靠近adoral靠近嘴的,口旁的(4) 对原意的加强admixture混杂(5) reaching到达arrive到达,达到(某地),到达(成年),活到(多少岁),达成(决议),谈妥(交易)4.de-来源:来自L. de-, from away, down从…出发,向…离去,向下含义:(1) remove…from, away from, removal, destroy from从…除去,自…离去,除去,从…毁掉dehorn去牛角(2) get off of (a special thing)从(某事物)离去,下来debus下公共汽车(3) motion down from or away从…移下或移去depress压下(4) thoroughness or completeness(用于加强原意,表示)彻底性,完全性delimit划界限(5) cause to cease使停止de-energize断电,停电5.ob-来源:L. ob-, to, toward, before, against, over,completely至,向,在前,背,相反,过(份),完全地变形:(1) 在c, f, p之前,变为occ-, off-, opp-,如occur, offend, oppose (2) 在m之前变为o-,如omit (3) 个别的p前,变为o-,如opaque;个别的t前为os-,如ostentation含义:(1) to, towards, in the direction of 到,向,在…方向Occident(太阳落向)西方(2) in front of, against在…之前,相反,靠occasion(落在前面)机会(3) in reverse order, inverse反顺序,反的,倒的opposition反对,敌对(4) over, completely过,过分,完全地obses(吃的过分)胖子(5) to intensify the original meaning 用以加强原义oppress压迫九、相反;反向1.contra-来源:L. contra-,来自contra, against含义:(1) against, contrary, contrasting, inopposition相对,相反,对比,反对contradict反驳,驳斥(2) pitched below normal bass低于正常低音contrabassoon低音巴松管2.counter-来源:M. E. counter-,来自M. F. contre-, conter-来自L. contra, against相反含义:(1) (a) contrary, opposite, adverse相反的,相对的,反面的countercurrent逆流(b) opposing, retaliatory, answering 反对的,报复的,回答的counterblow反击(2) complementary, corresponding, alternate互补的,相应的,交替的counterpart相应的东西(3) duplicate, substitute复本,副本,代替的人或物counterfoil票根,支票存根3.anti-来源:L. anti-, against相反,反对变形:元音或h前,通常作ant-,如antarctic, anthelion含义:(1) (a) one oppose the claims of, rival, spurious对于某种主张的反对者,竞争对手,虚假的antisoical对社会主义怀有敌意的(b) of the same kind but situated opposite, exerting energy in the opposite direction or pursuing an opposite policy站在同类中的反面的,向反方向使劲或追求一种相反的政策的antischool对立学派(c) one that is opposite in kind to种类、性质、方法上的相反anticyclone高气压(2) (a) opposing or hostile to in opinion, sympathy or practice在信念、同情心或实践中处于反面或敌对的antidemocratic反民主的(b) opposing in effect or activity, inhibiting, preventing, counteracting在效果或活动上是相反的,阻止的,防止的,抵消的antiacid抗酸(3) not不antilogical不合逻辑的(4) serving to prevent, cure or alleviate (a pathological condition)用于防病、治病或消痛的antiarthritic治关节炎的(5) opposing or neutralizing anothersubstance对另一物质起相反或中和作用的antibody抗体(6) combating, destroying, defending against抗战斗、抗破坏、抗防御的antimine防地雷的4.un-来源:O. E. un-, on-,为and-之变形,意为against 相反含义:(1) (a) do the opposite of, reversal (a sp. action)作相反或逆向动作——加在动词前undress脱去衣服,披露(b) cause to cease to使停止——加在动词前unbe使不再是(2) (a) deprive of, remove (a sp. thing) from, remove使丧失,自…除去,除去——加在名词前成动词unflesh变瘦,消瘦(b) release from, free from自…释放或摆脱——加在名词前成动词unhand放掉,把手从…移开(c) remove from, extract, bring out of 从…除去,拔取,显现出——加在名词前成为动词,比较de-, dis-unbosom吐露(d) cause to cease to使止——加在名词前成动词,比较dis-(3) completely完全地(加强语义),比较dis-unloose放松,释放5.for-来源:O. E. for- (1) out, away, un-,在外,离去,与un-相当,(2) altogether全部地含义:(1) so as to involve prohibition, exclusion, omission, failure or refusal含有禁止、排除、删除、失败或拒绝的意思forbid禁止,不许(2) completely, excessively, to exhaustion, to pieces完全地,过分地;耗尽,成碎片forspent耗尽的,破烂的6.with-来源:O. E. with, against, opposite, toward, with相反,反面,向,具有含义:(1) against, opposite相反withdraw取回,撤回,撤退(2) toward, with向,具有within在…之内,在内,在内部7.de-来源:L. dis-, separation, dispersal, reversal 分离,散开,反转,倒退含义:do the opposite of, reverse of做相反的…,反其道而行之decode(编码的反义)解码8.dis-来源:M. E. dis-, des-,来自L. dis-, commonly, signifies separation, dispersal, sometimes alsoinvolving the reversal of a previous process.An intensifying force is apparently colloquial通常表示分离,散开,有时也包括某过程的逆过程,在口语中有加强的含义变形:(1) di-,用于拉丁语源词d, g, l, m, r, v 之前,有时s, j之前,如didactic, digress, diligent,diminish, direct, diverse, dispirit, dijudicate(2) dif-,用于拉丁语源词f之前,如differ,diffuse (3) des-为M. E.或O. F.语源词前缀,用于元音与h之前,如deshabille,但有例外,即在非元音前也用,如despatch含义:(1) (a) do the opposite of, reverse (a sp. action)做相反的,逆反(某一动作)disjoin拆散,分开(b) deprive of (a sp. character, quality or rank), deprive of (a sp. object)使丧失(某种特性,性质或地位),剥或脱去(某物)discourage使失去勇气(c) exclude or expel from自…排除或逐出disbar逐出法庭(2) opposite of, contrary of, absence of 对立的,相反的,欠缺的disunion不统一,分裂(3) not不dishonest不诚实的(4) completely完全地(加强原意)disannul取消,作废。
outside用法
outside ,out ,out of 的基本运用
1、outside 可用作形容词,副词,介词和名词。
具体如下:
(1)adj。
外部的,室外的,外面的;外表的
如:The outside parts of some fruits are not good to eat.
(2)prep.向。
外面,在。
外面。
如:Outside the house there was a notice saying “For Sale”
(3)n,外表,外部,外界,外围。
如:The outside of an orange is bitter ,but the inside is sweet.
(4)adv;在外面。
外面地,向外面
如:The box was red outside an green inside.
2、out 一般只用做副词,意为“出去,在外面”其反义词是in,单独使用时,不能接宾语,若与一些动词或介词of连用,才可接宾语。
如:I was out when you rang me up.
3、out of 表示“从。
里面出来”,是介词短语,着重从里到外的动作,在句中运用时,out of 后要跟名词,代词等宾语,其反义词是into,多用于一些动词之后。
如:Don’t look out of the wingdow.。
英语词汇前后缀
英语词汇前缀一、上(向上,在上);下(向下,在下)1.ana-来源:G. ana-,来自ana,up,on向上,在上变形:元音之前变为an-,如anode含义:(1) up, upward向上,向上的,向上地anabatic向上的,向上运动的(2) back, backward在后,向后的ananym倒写名字(3) again, anew再,重新,以一种新的或不同的方式(现现)anabiosis复苏2.cata-来源:G. kata-,来自kata,down向下变形:元音与h之前变为cat-,如cation,cathode含义:(1) down向下catabiotic衰变的(2) against,back,opposite相反,向后,相反的catabaptist反对洗礼的人(3) wholly,thoroughly整个地,彻底地(用以加强原意)cataclastic碎裂的3.epi-来源:G. epi-,来自epi,on,up,to在上,向上,向变形:元音与h之前变为ep-,如epoch,ephemeral含义:upon,besides,near to,over,after,outer,anterior,prior to在上,加之,靠近,向上,在后,外边的,在…之前,在先的epibiotic残骸,残遗物4.up-来源:M. E. up,upward向上含义:in an upward direction,up向上,在上upgrade提高等级5.down-来源:M. E. doun,来自O. E. adune(a-dune,hill),off or from the hill下山含义:down,in a downward direction向下,在…下downcast下落,陷落6.a-来源:O. E. a-,an,on在上含义:(1) on,in,at在…上,在…中,在abed在床上(2) in(such)a state or condition在…情况或状态中afire燃烧着(3) in(such)a manner处于…方式aloud高声地,出声地(4) in the act of,in the process of处于某种行动或过程中a-hunting打猎中7.on-来源:O. E. on,an,on在…上含义:on在…上onlooker旁观者二、过(过,上,超,高,特);不及(不及,下,亚,次,稍)1.super-来源:L. super-,over,above,in addition过,高于,加之;来自super,to or in a position higherthan,over,处于更高的位置,过含义:(1) (a) (i) over,above,higher in quantity,quality or degree,more than过,高于,在数量、质量、程度上高于、多于superstandard高标准(ii) in addition,extra附加的,额外的supernumerary多余的;多余者(iii) of a secondary character某种次特征的superparasitism重寄生现象(b) in excessing degree or intensity,exceeding a normal过度的,加强的,超过标准superingenious极度机灵的(c) surpassing all or most others of its kind or class(as in power,size or complexity)(在威力、形态、复杂性等方面)超群同种类中全部或大多数的superbomber超级轰炸机(2) (a) situated or placed above,on the top of,specifically situated on the dorsal side of位于或置于上面或项上的,尤指位于背部顶上的supertower塔顶(b) next above or higher次高,较高superoctave高八度音(3) having an additional dimension比…在形体上更增大的supersized超大型的(4) (a) consisting a more inclusive category than that specified含有包容比所述者更大的范畴的superfamily总科(b) superior in status, title or position在地位、头衔、职位上更高的supersovereign高级统治者2.sub-来源:L. sub- under,below,form below up,near,further,after在下,低于,从上而下,接近,较远,在后变形:(1) c,f,g,m,p,r前,分别变为suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-如succeed,suffix,suggest,summate,support,surrender (2) t以及一些c,p之前变为sus-,如sustain,susceptible,suspend (3) sc,sp之前,略去b,成为su-,如suspect含义:(1) under,below,beneath在下,低于,在下面subsoil底土,下层土(2) (a) subordinate,secondary,next lower than or inferior to,of lower rank亚于,次于,次低于或劣于,低级别的subcenter子中心,副中心(b) (i) subordinate portion of,subdivision of,derived from 次要部分的,细分部分的,从…派生的subdistrict小区(ii) with repetition(as of a process),so as to form,stress or deal with subordinate parts or relations,further,again在形成、强调或处理次要部分或关系中,进行(如过程的)重复,更进一步地,再次地subclassify再细分(3) somewhat,slightly,less than completely or perfectly,inadequately,less than normally有点,略微,略少,不充分地,少于正常地subacid微酸的(4) (a) almost,nearly差不多,近似,接近subabdominal近腹部的(b) fallen nearly in the category of and often adjoining,bordering upon差不多已是这个范畴,并且常常表示临近,近似subadult差不多已成人(c) immediately following,after紧跟,随后successive后继的3.hyper-来源:G. hyper-,来自hyper,相当于L. super-含义:(1) over,above,beyond高于,超过,相当于super- hyperbarbarous极残暴的(2) overmuch,excessively太多,过,过分地,相当于extra- hyperacid胃酸过多的(3) excessive in extent or quality在范围与性质上过大、过甚hyperesthesia感觉过敏4.hypo-来源:G. hypo-,来自hypo,相当于L. sub-含义:(1) under,beneath,down在下,在下面,低于hypodermic皮下的(2) less than normal or normally低于正常的(地)hypocalcemia血钙过低5.supra-来源:L. supra-,above,on,top,beyond,furtherback,earlier高于,在上,上端,超出,更后,较早含义:(1) above,higher than处于上部,高于supraorbital眼眶上的(2) transcending超越supranational超国家的(3) prior to先于supralapsarian前定论者6.infra-来源:L. infra,below,beneath低于,在下面含义:(1) below,lower in status than低于,地位低于infraglacial冰底的(2) within在…内infraterritorial本土内的(3) below in a scale or series在尺度或系列中处于下位的infrasonic次声(频)的(4) below or beneath低于,在下面infracoastal肋骨以下的7.subter-来源:L. subter,secretly,under,below隐蔽在,在下,低于含义:under,below,secretly在下,低于,隐蔽地subternatural逊于天然的8.sur-来源:O. F. sour-,sur-来自L. super含义:(1) over超,高于,加上,相当于super-surface表面(2) excessive过度的surexcitation兴奋过度(3) above,up在上,向上surbase基柱上的饰物9.over-来源:O. E. ofer,over在上,过于含义:(1) too过,太(尤用于来自形容词的形容词)overbold过于大胆的(2) too much过多(尤用于来自名词或动词的名词或动词)overact演得过火(3) over,on,outside在上,在外overshoe套鞋10.under-来源:O. E. under,under在下,少于含义:(1) worn,placed,situated,etc. under穿于下面,放在下面,位于下部等(尤用于名词之前)underclothes内衣裤(2) not sufficiently,not so much as necessary不足,比需要的少些(尤用于动词之前)underact不卖力的表演三、内(在内,向内,进内);外(在外,向外,出外)1.in-来源:L. in-,in在内,向内,进入变形:(1) 在b,m,p以前变成im-,如imbalance,immoral,import (2) 在l,r以前变成il-,ir-,如irrigate (3) 在gn前变成i-,如ignorance(4) 偶尔还可见其延伸式indu-,如industry含义:(1) in,within,inward,into,toward,on内,在内,向内,进入,向,在上inject投入,注射(2) 与en-同义,使…,加以…,饰以…,放进去,提供illucidate使清楚,阐明(3) 加强原意illustrate说明,表明2.en-来源:O. F. en-,来自L. in-变形:b,m,p前通常变为em-,如embus,emmarble,empower含义:(1) put into,put on to,cover or surround with,go into or on to置于…内,置于…上,盖以…,环以…,进入,登上——加在名词前变动词encradle放进摇篮中(2) cause to be使之——加在形容词或名词之前,成为动词,有时加在动词前,这种动词有时还有后缀-en,如embolden englad使乐(3) provided with供以——加在名词前成为动词encollar上领子(4) so as to cover or surround,thoroughly盖住或包围,彻底地——加在其含义与之稍有差别或不全相同的动词前变成新动词enwrap包入,卷入3.en-来源:L. en-,来自G. en-,来自en,in在内变形:b,m,p前通常变为em-,如embatholithic含义:in,within,inside内,在内,内面endermic皮下的4.endo-来源:F. endo-,来自G. endon-,within,at home在…内,在家变形:有时元音前为end-,如endergonic含义:与exo-相反(1) within,inside在…内,内面endoscope内窥镜(2) taking in,requiring吸,收,与exo-相反endotherm吸热5.eso-来源:G. eso-,来自eso,within在内含义:within内部的,在内的esotropia内斜眼6.intra-来源:L. intra,within(position,the mind,thoughts,the space of),inside(position,a period oftime);without passing beyond,on this sideof;without exceeding,within a limit orrestriction;confined to在(位置,心、思维、空间)内,在(位置、期间)之内,未跨越,在…的这边,未超过,在某界限或限度之内,限于含义:(1) (a) within在…内,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intraclass同类的(b) between layers of层间,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intracutaneous皮内的(c) during期间,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intrafebrile发热期间的(d) underneath在下,尤用于形容词组成的形容词intrasonic超低频的(2) 进入内部的,与intro-同义intramascular注入肌肉的(3) internal内部的intraselection内部选择说7.intro-来源:L. intro,inwardly,to the inside内向地,向内地,与extro-相反含义:(1) in,into内,进入introjection投入的行动(2) inward,within向内,在…内,与extro-相反introvert内向,内省8.ex-来源:L. ex-,out,away,throughout,thoroughly,achievement,up;it also has privative force外,出外,向…离去,彻底地,完成,向上;它也有―缺少‖或―除外‖的含义变形:(1) 元音和c,p,q,s,t前,取ex-形,有时s前的exs-变成ex-或es-,如expect (2) b,d,g,j,l,m,n,r,v前变为e-,如ebullition,edition,egregious,eject,elect,emission,enervate,erect,evohuate (3) f前变为eff-,如effuence含义:(1) out of,away form,outside of在…外,从…离去,在…之外elect选出,选举(2) without,lacking没有,缺exalate无翅的(3) 加强原意exalt增高,使升高(4) out of(the office or condition),former脱离(某个职位或状态),前…(中间以短划连接)ex-president前总统9.exo-来源:G. exo-,out of,out,outside of,outside在…外,外,在…外边,外边变形:元音前有时变成ex-,如exergonic含义:(1) outside,outer,外面,外面的,与endo-相反,请比较ecto-exogamy外族通婚(2) producing产生,与endo-相反exothermal放热的10.ec-来源:G. ek-,out of,outside of,out在…外,在…外边,外边含义:out of,outside of,out在…外,在…外边,外边eccyesis子宫外孕11.ecto-来源:G. ekto-,outside外面变形:元音前变为ect-,如ectad含义:(1) outside,external外边,外部的(对比endo-,exo-)ectotherm冷血动物(2) out of place异位ectocardia心脏异位12.extra-来源:L. extra,outside,except,beyond外边,除却,超出含义:outside,beyond在…之外,格外,特,超——尤用于形容词组成形容词extra-urban市区外的13.extro-来源:L. extro,outside,outward外面,向外含义:outside,outward外面,向外,与intro-相反extrovert外向性格的人14.in-来源:O. E. in,in在内变形:无,注意与前面的in-有区别含义:in内,在内inland内地的,国内的15.out-来源:O. E. ut,out外,在外(参见词根ut)含义:(1) out,outside,outward,away,from外,外面,向外,从…离去outdoor户外的(2) out,indicating exhaustion,extinction驱逐出,表示耗尽,灭绝outroot除根(3) over,too much,too excessively过,过分,太,过多地outsize过大(4) surpassing胜过的,无比的outdo胜过,战胜四、前(在前,在先,优先);后(在后,随后,远离,退后,反向,重复)1.pre-来源:L. prae-,position in front,ahead,at the end,or temporal precedence;preeminence in thequality(在动词或其派生词前,表示)位置在前,前头,在端点或暂时领先,(在形容词前,表示)有关的性质是超群的含义:(1) (a) (i) earlier than,prior to,before先于,早于,在…之前(先),前predeparture出发前的(ii) preparatory or prerequisite to预备的,必须预先具备的premedical医学预科的(iii) in a formative, incipient or preliminary stage趋于成形的,初期的,初步的阶段precartilage前软骨(最终形成软骨)(b) in advance,before-hand预先,在前prejudge预先判断(2) (a) in front of,before在前,前preamplifier放置放大器(b) at the front,anterior,constituting a front part在前部,在…之前,构成前面部分preabdomen前腹部(3) exceedingly非常地,极度地prenoble极其高尚的2.preter-来源:L. praeter-,past,by过去,经过含义:(1) past,by已过,经过preterit过去时态(2) beyond the range of,surpassing超过…范围,超越preternormal超过正常标准的3.pro-来源:L. pro-,foreward movement or direction,downward movement,action in front,prominence;utterance;priority in time andadvantage移前,向前,下移,向前作用,突出;极度;优先,优势含义:(1) (a) earlier than,prior to,before(时间上)先于,早于,前于,前probaptismal洗礼前的(b) 原始的,与proto-同义proanthropus原人(2) (a) situated before,located in front of,anterior to(空间上)在前,位于前,先于procerebrum脑的前部(b) front,anterior前,先于prothorax前胸(3) projecting,action in front向前投射,向前动作project射出(4) bringing into open使公开proclaim正式公布4.pro-来源:L. pro-,pro,before,in front of,in behalf of,for,on account of在前,在…前面,代表,为了,为了…的缘故变形:某些法语源词为pur-(A. F.,来自O. F. por-,pur-,F. pour-,来自L. pro-,for),如purchase,purport,purpose,pursue,purvey含义:(1) taking the place of,substituting for代替,代理pronoun代名词(2) siding with,advocating,favoring,supporting,championing与…站在一边,拥护,亲…,支持,为支持他人而奋斗pro-British亲英的(3) for,on account of,according to为了,为了…之故,按照proportion按比例,比例5.proto-来源:G. protos,before,ahead在…前,在前面变形:元音前变为prot-,如protactinium含义:(1) (a) first in time(时间上)最初,第一protohistoric史前时代的(b) first in status,chief in rank or importance,principal(地位上)首要,(等级上)主要或显要,主要的protocerebrum前脑(c) beginning,tending toward,given rise to开始,趋于,引起protocol文件原稿,议定书(2)(通常第一个字母大写)一种或多种语言或方言的母语,一般拼作proto-,后面用一短划与大写的第二部分连接Proto-Arabic原始阿拉伯语的6.re-来源:L. re-,red-,movement back or in reverse,withdrawal,reversal of a previous process,restoration,response or opposition,repeatedaction向后或反向移动,退后,前一过程的逆过程,复原,反应或相反,重复动作变形:red-,如redundant含义:(1) movement back or in reverse,withdrawal(向)后动,反向动,退却rebound弹回(2) reversal of a previous process,restoration,again,anew 前过程的逆过程,恢复,再,重新redo再做(3) response or opposition反应,反对rebellion反叛(4) separation,withdrawal撤离,离开remove除去,移去注:下列场合,要在前缀re-与后续部分中间加一短划:(1) 为避免与另一含义不同的词相混淆,如re-create,以别于recreate(2) 后续部分已有一前缀re-,如re-recover(3) 后续部分以大写字母开头,如re-Christianization7.retro-来源:L. retro-,(1) towards the rear, backwards向后部,向后(2) (without motion implied) in aposition to the rear, behind one, in a positionto the rear of, behind(无动作)位置在后,在另一个之后,在后部位置,在后部(3) tothe place or in the direction from which onecame, back (again)回到原来的位置或方向,(再)返回(4) in the opposite direction tothat normally followed, backward与循序而行的方向反向,倒退含义:(1) (a) backward, back向后,后retroject向后投射(b) back in time, past(时间上)回溯,过去retrodict倒堆(过去)(2) situated behind(位置)在后retrolingual舌后的(3) contrary to the usual or natural course, retrograde, back, again逆反,逆行,逆反应retroinfection逆传染(4) in return, retroverse反转,反向,倒转retrovert使翻转8.ante-来源:L. ante-, in front, in front of, before, forewards,previously在前面,在…的前面,在…之前,向前,先前地含义:(1) (a) prior, precedent, earlier较早的,在先的,更早的antenatus某时代前出生的人(b) anterior, foreward在…之前的,(空间)向前anteroom前厅,接待室(2) (a) prior to, earlier than先于,早于antenatal出生以前的(b) in front of在…前面的anteorbital眼眶前的9.post-来源:L. post-, 来自posterus, behind含义:(1) (a) after, subsequent, later在…之后,此后的,后postentry后登的(漏)账(b) behind, posterior, following after…后面,…以后,…随后的postfix后缀(2) (a) subsequent to, later than继…之后的,比…较后的postabolescence(青年期之后)壮年期(b) behind, posterior to…后面的,次要的postern后门,便道10.meta-来源:L. L. & G. meta-,来自meta, after, with,between在后,紧接着,随后,介于两者之间变形:元音或h前多为met-,如metencephalic,method含义:(1) (a) between介于中间,介metastable暂时稳定的(b) in succession to, occurring later, after较后发生,随后出现,在后metagenesis世代交替(c) situated behind, posterior位于后,后面的metacarpal掌骨(位于腕骨carpal之后)(d) later or more highly organized or specialized form of新近出现的,更高层次组合或更特殊形态的metaphyte后生植物(与protophyte相对)(e) with, occurring with有,带有metatype伴型,次型(2) change in transformation of…的变化metaplasm词形变化(3) (a) beyond, transcending超出,超越(此义从亚里斯多德名著metaphysics而来),metaphysics来自G. ta meta ta physika, the works after the physics意为物理学后的著作,或超物理学(中国古代叫形而上学或玄学)metaphysics形而上学(b) of a higher logical type in names formed from names of disciplines and designating new but related disciplines such as can deal critically with the nature, structure or behavior of the original ones元的,一种更高层次逻辑形式的——加于一种学科名字之前,表示一种新的但与此学科有关的学科,它批判地研究原学科的性质、结构或行为metalanguage元语言11.fore-来源:O. E. fore-,来自fore,在前部含义:(1) (a) at an earlier point in time, beforehand时间上在先,预先foresee预见(b) occurring at an earlier point in time, occurring beforehand 发生在先forepaymant预付(c) being an earlier part of (something stipulated)(某些规定事物的)早先部分foreday早晨(2) (a) situated at or toward the front, situated in front of something位在前,向前,位于某些事物的前面foreleg(动物)前腿(b) being the front part of (something stipulated)(某些事物的)前部分forearm前臂(3) 主要的,首要的foreman工头12.after-来源:O. E. aeften, behind在后含义:(1) after较后aftereffect后效,后作用(2) second二次,再,后after-crop第二次收获五、在旁边(沿着,平行,靠近);越过(穿过,透过,跨过,遍及,远的)1.para-来源:L. para-,来自G. para-,来自para, beside,contrary to在旁边,相反于变形:元音前par-,如paranthropus含义:(1) (a) beside, along side of傍,沿…边paracentral靠近中心的(b) parallel, parasitic平行的,并行的,寄生的paragenesis共生(c) associated in a subsidiary or accessory capacity能力或能量属于次要的或附加的paramilitary准军事组织(d) closely resembling the true form, almost极似真的,差不多的(尤指疾病)para-book类似书籍的刊物(2) beyond, outside of超越,在…之外paranormal超越正常现象的(3) (a) faulty, irregular or disordered condition, abnormal有缺陷、不规则或无秩序的状态paranoia妄想症(b) perversion反常parabulia意志力的异常或颠倒2.cis-来源:L. cis-,来自cis, (time) before, (space) on thenear side of, (motion) to the near side of,across(时间)在前,(空间)在近端,(动作)向近端,横过含义:(1) on this side, on the nearer side (often with a hyphen)在这一边,在近边(往往加一短划);请与trans-, ultra-作对照cisalpine在阿尔卑斯山这边(2) nearer in time, since时间上较近,自…cisatomic自发现原子以来3.by-来源:O. E. be, bi, by, near旁,近旁,与amphi-, ambi-有亲缘关系含义:(1) near, at or to the side of近旁,侧bypass旁路,支路(2) past过去的bygone过时的,过去的;过去的事(3) aside, in reverse在一边,反面的byplace偏僻处,穷乡僻壤(4) secondary, subsidiary, supplementary其次的,次要的,副的,补充的by-effect副作用4.be-来源:O. E. be-,来自be, bi, by, near旁,近旁含义:(1) on, around, over在…之上,盖在表面上,在…之四周,从一边到另一边bedaub涂,敷,污染(2) to a great or greater degree, thoroughly达到一个大的或更大的程度,彻底地——用于使简单动词变成加强语气的动词becudgel该(棒)打(3) excessively, ostentatively过分地,夸张地——用于简单动词变为加强语气的动词;也用于词尾为-ed的形容词之前bedeck装饰,点缀(4) about, to, at, upon, against, across在近处或随处,到,在,在…之上,在相反处,横过——加在不及物动词前变成及物动词bestride骑乘,跨,跨越(5) make, cause, to be, treat as使,使之,是,视为——加于形容词或名词之前,变成动词belittle轻视,蔑视(6) call or dub, esp. excessively取名或起号,尤指过分夸张地——加于名词之前变成动词belady如夫人(7) affect, afflict, treat, provide, or cover with, esp. excessively使受影响、痛楚、虐(或善)待、提供、覆盖以,尤指程度上过分地——加于名词前变为动词,有时加在词尾为-ed 的形容词前befamine使饥饿5.peri-来源:L. peri-,来自G. peri-,来自peri, to passthrough通过,穿过含义:(1) near空间或时间的接perihelion近日点(2) all around, about, round四处,到处,四周围,在周围periarctic北极地区的(3) (a) enclosing or surrounding包围的,环绕的periderm外皮(b) tissue surrounding (a sp. part)环绕某部组织炎症的(用于带后缀-it is的名称)periarthritis关节周炎6.per-来源:L. per-, throughout, thoroughly, completely,deviating from, detrimentally遍及,彻底地,完全地,偏离,有害地;来自per, through, by穿过,傍变形:某些法语源词为par-,如pardon含义:(1) throughout遍及,全部,贯穿perspective透视(2) through, by means of经过,穿过,经由,通过perambulate步行穿过(3) deviating from偏离perfidy背信,不忠(4) 加强原义perplex使复杂7.dia-来源:L. dia-来自G. dia-, through越过,遍及变形:di-,用于元音前,如diactinic含义:(1) through, during全部,遍及,由此及彼,自始至终diagnose诊断(彻底弄清)(2) across横过,穿过diagonal对角线8.trans-来源:L. trans-, across, beyond, to the other side,through, so as to change横过,跨越,到另一边,经过,因之改变变形:常在浊辅音前变为tra-,如trajectory, traduce,traverse; s前常成为tran-,如transister含义:(1) (a) across越过transpolar跨(北)极的(b) beyond超出transhuman超人的(c) through透过,穿过translucent半透明的(d) on or to the other side在或到另一边transpacific在太平洋彼岸的(e) completeness of change变化的完成,转变transshape变形(2) transverse横向的transverse横卧,横放9.ultra-来源:L. ultra-,来自ultra, to a point beyond, on thefar side, farther off, beyond向远端的一点,在远端,远离,超出含义:(1) beyond in space, on the other side空间上的那一边,在另一端,相当于trans-ultratropical热带那边的(2) beyond the range or limits of, transcending范围或限度上超越,超越,相当于super-ultramodern超现代化的(3) beyond what is common, ordinary, natural, right, proper or moderate, excessively, exceedingly超乎普通、一般、自然、正当、正常或适度的,过度地,非常地,相当hyper-ultracomplex极端复杂的10.tele-来源:G. tel-, tele, far, far off, distant远的,远离的,遥远的变形:tel-, telo-,如telautogram, telodynamic含义:(1) distant, at a distance, over a distance远的,在远处,超过某一距离telegram电报(2) telegram, television, telephoto, telecommunication电报,电视,远距摄影,电信teletypewriter电传打字机六、在中间(在内,相互之间);在周围(围绕)1.medi-, medio-来源:来自L. medius, middle中间含义:(1) medial中间的medial中间的(2) intermediate居间的medieval中世纪的,中古的(3) middle or median plane中部或中间平面medioventral腹中部的2.meso-来源:L., G. meso-,来自G. mesos, middle中间变形:元音前用mes-,如mesad含义:in the middle, intermediate (as in position, size,type, time, degree)在中间,(位置、大小、型别、时间、程度的)中间或中等的,介于…之间的mesial中间的,当中的3.inter-来源:L. inter-,来自inter, within在…内含义:(1) between, among, in the midst介于…间,两者之间interpolar处于两极之间的(2) mutual, reciprocal相互,交互interrelation相互关系(3) between or among the parts of介于两部分之间intercostal肋间的(4) carried on between在…之间进行或从事的international国际(间)的(5) carried on between, intervening在…间进行的,干扰的interfere干涉(6) shared by or derived from two or more为二个或多个(团体、组织等)所共享或从它们派生出来的interdepartmental各部门间的,(大学的)各秒之间的(7) between the limits of, within在两个界限之内,在…之内intertropical位于热带地区之内的4.circum-来源:L. circum-来自circum, round about (an objector place), nearby, in a circle around, (withmotion or of distance) round,环某物或地方周围,近旁,在圆圈周围,(动作或距离)环绕含义:(1) around, about, on all sides围绕,到处circumrotate绕转(2) around, surrounding, revolving around在…四周,周围的,绕着…转的(3) circumscribed标出界限,限制,画圈circumscribe标界5.amphi-来源:L. amphi-, around, on both sides环绕,两边变形:元音前为amph-,如amphion含义:(1) around环绕amphibology语义不明确(在真意周围打圈圈)(2) on both sides, of both kinds, both两边,两种,两者amphivorous荤素两食的6.ambi-来源:L. ambi, around, on both sides, both围绕,两边,两者变形:元音前amb-,如ambit含义:(1) around环绕ambient环绕四周的(2) both两者ambilateral双方的七、合(在一起,共同,同时),分(离)1.con-来源:L. com,来自cum, along with, together with,with与…一道,连同,与变形:(1) 元音h, g, n前变为co-,如coaction,coherence, cognate (2) b, m, p前,变为com-,如combine, commemorate, compatriot (3) l前变为col-,如collaboration (4) r前变为cor-,如correlation含义:(1) collection or simultanously聚在一起,同时地convention大会,会议(2) joint action共同行动colloquy交谈,谈话(3) connexion or partnership连接或合伙关系consort配偶,夫妻(4) enclose or containing围绕或包含conception怀孕,构思(5) intensify of action动作的加强(起加强原义作用)constant永恒,经常的(6) completeness完全性(起加强原义作用)complete完全的,全部的2.co-来源:L. com-,与O. E. ge-有亲缘关系,后者表示perfective, associative, collective完成的,联合的,聚集的含义:(1) with, together, joint, jointly, shared, mutual, mutually与,一起,共同的,共同,共同地,共有的,互相的,互相地coaction(生物)共同的行动(2) in or to the same degree在或趋于同一程度coconcious意识到同样事物的(3) (a) fellow, partner同伴,合伙者coconspirator(共谋的)阴谋家(b) having an usually lesser share in duty or responsibility, alternate, deputy责任和义务较少的,轮流的,代表,代理人copilot副驾驶员(4) (a) operating together, or reciprocally相互起作用的,互惠的,相互的coterm互相适应的(b) of the complement of an angle余角的cosine余弦3.syn-来源:M. E sin-, syn-,来自L. syn-,来自G. syn-,来自syn, with, together with, by means of, atthe same time as与,与…一起,籍,与…同时变形:(1) b, m, p前为sym-,如symbol, symmetry,symphony (2) l前为syl-,如syllable (3) s, z前为sy-,如system, syzygy含义:(1) with, along with, together与,与…一道,在一起synod讨论会(2) at the same time同时synod(天文)会合(3) like, associated相似的,相连的syndrome并发症,综合症4.se-来源:L. se, sed, apart, aside, sometimes privative分离,靠近,有时有―除外‖的含义含义:(1) apart, aside分离,靠边secede退出,脱离(2) privative除外的,否定的secure无虑的,安心的八、来自;去向1.ab-来源:L. ab-, from, away from; off; at a distance;completely, thoroughly从…(出发),向…,离去,在某个距离处,完全地,彻底地变形:(1) abs,如abstract (2) a-,如avert含义:(1) from, departing from, away, off, at a distance, outside of 从…,从…离去,向…离去,在某个距离处,在…之外abnoraml反常(2) completely, thoroughly完全地,彻底地(起加强原义作用)absorb吸收(3) 从absolute(绝对的)一词转用到公制的电磁单位abampere绝对安培2.apo-来源:G. apo-,来自apo, from, away从…出发,向…离去变形:ap-,用于元音或h之前,如apastron, aphelion含义:(1) away, from, off, remove off向…离去,从…出发,离去,移去aphelion远日点(2) detached, separate离开的,分开的aporrhea流出,析出(3) 用以加强原义aphorism(从某一见解完全分出的简要语)格言、警语3.ad-来源:L. ad-, motion to or against, direction towards,placing on or against, nearness or presence,intensification动向,背向,指向,置于其上,到达,靠近或在场,加强原意变形:凡来自拉丁语源的词,(1) 在c, f, g, l, n, p, r,s, t之前分别变为acc-, aff-, agg-, all-, ann-,app-, arr-, ass-, att-,如account, affix,aggravate, allocation, announce, appoint,arrange, assimilate, attract (2) 在k, q之前常变为ack-, acq-,如acknowledge, acquire (3)在sc, sp, st, gn之前,d常被略去,成为asc-,asp, ast-, agn-,如ascension, aspiration,astride, agnostic (4) m前之adm-有时变为amm-,如ammunition含义:(1) (motion) to, toward(动)至,(动)向adduce引用,引证,说明(2) placing on or against置于…上,背靠affix附加,贴上(3) near, adjacent to(常用ad-形)接近,靠近adoral靠近嘴的,口旁的(4) 对原意的加强admixture混杂(5) reaching到达arrive到达,达到(某地),到达(成年),活到(多少岁),达成(决议),谈妥(交易)4.de-来源:来自L. de-, from away, down从…出发,向…离去,向下含义:(1) remove…from, away from, removal, destroy from从…除去,自…离去,除去,从…毁掉dehorn去牛角(2) get off of (a special thing)从(某事物)离去,下来debus下公共汽车(3) motion down from or away从…移下或移去depress压下(4) thoroughness or completeness(用于加强原意,表示)彻底性,完全性delimit划界限(5) cause to cease使停止de-energize断电,停电5.ob-来源:L. ob-, to, toward, before, against, over,completely至,向,在前,背,相反,过(份),完全地变形:(1) 在c, f, p之前,变为occ-, off-, opp-,如occur, offend, oppose (2) 在m之前变为o-,如omit (3) 个别的p前,变为o-,如opaque;个别的t前为os-,如ostentation含义:(1) to, towards, in the direction of到,向,在…方向Occident(太阳落向)西方(2) in front of, against在…之前,相反,靠occasion(落在前面)机会(3) in reverse order, inverse反顺序,反的,倒的opposition反对,敌对(4) over, completely过,过分,完全地obses(吃的过分)胖子(5) to intensify the original meaning用以加强原义oppress压迫九、相反;反向1.contra-来源:L. contra-,来自contra, against含义:(1) against, contrary, contrasting, inopposition相对,相反,对比,反对contradict反驳,驳斥(2) pitched below normal bass低于正常低音contrabassoon低音巴松管2.counter-来源:M. E. counter-,来自M. F. contre-, conter-来自L. contra, against相反含义:(1) (a) contrary, opposite, adverse相反的,相对的,反面的countercurrent逆流(b) opposing, retaliatory, answering反对的,报复的,回答的counterblow反击(2) complementary, corresponding, alternate互补的,相应的,交替的counterpart相应的东西(3) duplicate, substitute复本,副本,代替的人或物counterfoil票根,支票存根3.anti-来源:L. anti-, against相反,反对变形:元音或h前,通常作ant-,如antarctic, anthelion含义:(1) (a) one oppose the claims of, rival, spurious对于某种主张的反对者,竞争对手,虚假的antisoical对社会主义怀有敌意的(b) of the same kind but situated opposite, exerting energy in the opposite direction or pursuing an opposite policy站在同类中的反面的,向反方向使劲或追求一种相反的政策的antischool对立学派(c) one that is opposite in kind to种类、性质、方法上的相反anticyclone高气压(2) (a) opposing or hostile to in opinion, sympathy or practice 在信念、同情心或实践中处于反面或敌对的antidemocratic反民主的(b) opposing in effect or activity, inhibiting, preventing, counteracting在效果或活动上是相反的,阻止的,防止的,抵消的antiacid抗酸(3) not不antilogical不合逻辑的(4) serving to prevent, cure or alleviate (a pathological condition)用于防病、治病或消痛的antiarthritic治关节炎的(5) opposing or neutralizing another substance对另一物质起相反或中和作用的antibody抗体(6) combating, destroying, defending against抗战斗、抗破坏、抗防御的antimine防地雷的4.un-来源:O. E. un-, on-,为and-之变形,意为against相反含义:(1) (a) do the opposite of, reversal (a sp. action)作相反或逆向动作——加在动词前undress脱去衣服,披露(b) cause to cease to使停止——加在动词前unbe使不再是(2) (a) deprive of, remove (a sp. thing) from, remove使丧失,自…除去,除去——加在名词前成动词unflesh变瘦,消瘦(b) release from, free from自…释放或摆脱——加在名词前成动词unhand放掉,把手从…移开(c) remove from, extract, bring out of从…除去,拔取,显现出——加在名词前成为动词,比较de-, dis-unbosom吐露(d) cause to cease to使止——加在名词前成动词,比较dis-(3) completely完全地(加强语义),比较dis-unloose放松,释放5.for-来源:O. E. for- (1) out, away, un-,在外,离去,与un-相当,(2) altogether全部地含义:(1) so as to involve prohibition, exclusion, omission, failure or refusal含有禁止、排除、删除、失败或拒绝的意思forbid禁止,不许(2) completely, excessively, to exhaustion, to pieces完全地,过分地;耗尽,成碎片forspent耗尽的,破烂的6.with-来源:O. E. with, against, opposite, toward, with相反,反面,向,具有含义:(1) against, opposite相反withdraw取回,撤回,撤退(2) toward, with向,具有within在…之内,在内,在内部7.de-来源:L. dis-, separation, dispersal, reversal分离,散开,反转,倒退含义:do the opposite of, reverse of做相反的…,反其道而行之decode(编码的反义)解码8.dis-来源:M. E. dis-, des-,来自L. dis-, commonly,signifies separation, dispersal, sometimes alsoinvolving the reversal of a previous process.An intensifying force is apparently colloquial通常表示分离,散开,有时也包括某过程的逆过程,在口语中有加强的含义变形:(1) di-,用于拉丁语源词d, g, l, m, r, v之前,有时s, j之前,如didactic, digress, diligent,diminish, direct, diverse, dispirit, dijudicate(2) dif-,用于拉丁语源词f之前,如differ,diffuse (3) des-为M. E.或O. F.语源词前缀,用于元音与h之前,如deshabille,但有例外,即在非元音前也用,如despatch含义:(1) (a) do the opposite of, reverse (a sp. action)做相反的,逆反(某一动作)disjoin拆散,分开(b) deprive of (a sp. character, quality or rank), deprive of (a sp. object)使丧失(某种特性,性质或地位),剥或脱去(某物)discourage使失去勇气(c) exclude or expel from自…排除或逐出disbar逐出法庭(2) opposite of, contrary of, absence of对立的,相反的,欠缺的disunion不统一,分裂(3) not不dishonest不诚实的(4) completely完全地(加强原意)disannul取消,作废(5)(来自民间语)相当于dys-,反常的,有困难的disfunction (dysfunction)功能障碍(6) apart, away分离,向…离去dissect切开十、不;非;无1.a-来源:G. a-, an-, not不变形:an-,用于元音前,也往往用于h前,如anarchist, anharmony含义:not, without不,无(主要用于希腊或拉丁语源词)asexual无性别的2.in-来源:L. in-, negative or privative prefix负的或否定性前缀变形:(1) im-,用于b, m, p前,如imbalance, immoral,improvident (2) il-,用于l前,如illegal (3) ir-,用于r前,如irresponsible (4) i-,用于gn前,如ignorant含义:not不,无,非;相当于non-, un-illogical不合逻辑的3.un-来源:O. E. un-,与L. in-, G. a-, an-, un-, O. E. ne-有亲缘关系,not不含义:(1) (a) not, in-, non-不,非,无,未,相当in-, non-——加在形容词前(包括过去与现在分词以及名词后面加-ed组成的形容词)uncapacious不宽敞的(b) 加在名词前unostentation不傲慢,朴素大方,不夸张(c) 加在动词前(较少见)unbe使不再是(d) 有时,它只有―非‖的含义,有别于加in-的―反‖,―不‖的含义unartistic非艺术的(inartistic不艺术的,缺乏艺术的)(2) (a) opposite of, contrary to与…相反,相反于——加在形容词前(包括过去或现在分词以及名词加-ed组成的形容词)unpalatable不可口的(b) 加在名词前unrest不安宁,纷乱4.non-来源:L. non-,来自L. non, not不是,不含义:not, reverse of, absence of不,非,无nonacademic非学术的5.ne-, neg-来源:L. ne, neg, not不含义:not不negate否定,否认十一、正(正确,正直,良好);误(假,恶,异常)1.ortho-来源:L. ortho-,来自G. ortho-,来自orthos, straight,right, true直的,正的,真的变形:元音前为orth-,如orthal含义:(1) (a) straight, upright, vertical直的,正直的,垂直的orthosymmetric正对称的(b) exact, parallel确实的,平行的orthohexagnal正六边形的(2) correct, corrective正确的,有矫正作用的orthometry正律法2.eu-来源:L. eu-,来自G. eu-,来自eu, ey, eys, good好的变形:ev-,有时加在元音前,如evangel含义:(1) (a) well, easily满意地,赞扬地,适意地,与dys-相反euplastic适于组织形成的(b) good好的,满意的,与dys-相反eudemon善良的鬼(2) (a) most typical, true最典型的,真正的euchromosome正染色体,常染色体(b) truly真正地eucoelomate真体腔的(c) having a complete life cycle具有完整生活史(或周期)的eu-form全孢型(3) improved derivative of a (sp.) substance优化物质的eucodeine优可的因3.pseudo-来源:G. pseodo-,来自pseudein, to lie, cheat, falsify说谎,欺骗,作假。
三年级英语方位介词单选题50题
三年级英语方位介词单选题50题1. The book is ______ the desk.A. inB. onC. underD. behind答案:B。
解析:on表示在物体的表面上,书在桌子上,是在桌子这个物体的表面,所以用on。
A选项in表示在物体内部,书不在桌子内部,所以A错误。
C选项under表示在物体下方,书不是在桌子下方,C错误。
D选项behind表示在物体后面,书不是在桌子后面,D错误。
2. My cat is sleeping ______ the chair.A. besideB. in front ofC. aboveD. inside答案:A。
解析:beside表示在旁边,猫在椅子旁边睡觉符合常理。
B选项in front of表示在前面,如果说猫在椅子前面睡觉,没有beside那么合适。
C选项above表示在上方,猫不可能在空中椅子上方睡觉。
D选项inside表示在里面,猫不在椅子里面睡觉。
3. The ball is ______ the box.A. betweenB. next toC. overD. within答案:D。
解析:within表示在内部,球在盒子内部用within。
A 选项between表示在两者之间,这里没有两者的提示,A错误。
B选项next to表示紧挨着,球不是紧挨着盒子外面,B错误。
C选项over 表示在上方且不接触,球在盒子里面不是这种情况,C错误。
4. The picture is ______ the wall.A. atB. onC. toD. from答案:B。
解析:on表示在物体表面,画在墙的表面用on。
A选项at表示在某个点,画不是在墙的一个点上。
C选项to表示到向,不符合这里的语境。
D选项from表示从哪里来,也不符合语境。
5. There is a tree ______ the house.A. inB. across fromC. throughD. by答案:B。
小学英语介词用法大全
小学英语介词用法大全一、. 介词分类:1 简单介词:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on2 合成介词:inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without3 短语介词:according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to4 双重介词:from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between5 分词转化成的介词:considering(就而论), including6 形容词转化成的介词:like, unlike, near, next, opposite二. 常用介词区别:1 表示时间的in, on, at:at表示片刻的时间,in表示一段的时间,on总是与日子有关;2 表示时间的since, from:since 指从过去到现在的一段时间,和完成时连用,from指从时间的某一点开始;3 表示时间的in, after:in指在一段时间之后,after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中;4 表示地理位置的in, on, to:in表示在某范围内,on指与什么毗邻,to指在某环境范围之外;5 表示“在…上”的on, in:on只表示在某物的表面上,in表示占去某物一部分;6 表示“穿过”的through, across:through表示从内部通过,与in有关,across表示在表面上通过,与on有关;7 表示“关于”的about, on:about指涉及到,on指专门论述;8 between与among的区别:between表示在两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间;9 besides与except的区别:besides指“除了…还有再加上”,except指“除了,减去什么”,不放在句首;10 表示“用”的in, with:with表示具体的工具,in表示材料,方式,方法,度量,单位,语言,声音;11 as与like的区别:as意为“作为,以…地位或身份”,like为“象…一样”,指情形相似;12 in与into区别:in通常表示位置(静态),into表示动向,不表示目的地或位置。
足球术语
1.足球运动:football(在美国指橄榄球运动); soccer; association football;socker; footy2.世界杯足球锦标赛:World Cup (Soccer Tournament);FIFA World Cup Competition3.世界女子足球锦标赛:Women’s World Cup4.世界杯决赛:World Cup Finals5.朱尔斯•雷米特杯:Jules Rimet Cup6.五人足球:five-a-side;futsal7.七人足球:seven-a-side8.足球暴力:soccer violence;riot;hooliganism人员9.足球运动员:football[soccer]player; footballer; booter10.足球队:football[soccer] team; eleven11.队员(除守门员外):field player12.后卫线:back line13.后卫:(full)back;rear defender14.左后卫:left back15.右后卫:right back16.前卫线:link line17.前卫:half(back)18.边前卫:wing [outside] half19.左前卫:left half20.右前卫:right half21.中前卫:center half22.双中前卫:twin center halves23.自由中卫:free back [man]; spare man; libero24.清道夫(自由中卫):sweeper25.盯人中卫:stopper26.拖后前卫:deep-lying halfback; policeman27.锋线:forward line28.前锋:forward; spearhead; lineman29.双前锋:twin forwards30.靠前的前锋:spearhead forward31.边锋:winger; wing (forward);outside (forward)32.左边锋;左翼:left wing[winger; flank];outside left33.右边锋;右翼:right wing [winger; flank]; outside right34.内锋:inside(forward); inner35.左内锋:inside left36.右内锋:inside right37.拖后内锋:withdrawn striker38.中锋:center forward39.双中锋:double center forwards; double spearheads40.拖后中锋:withdrawn [deep-lying] center forward41.攻击手:striker42.中场队员:midfielder; midfield player; link(man)43.前腰:attacking midfielder44.双前腰:double attacking midfielders45.后腰:defending midfielder46.双后腰:double defending midfielders47.核心队员:key player; point man48.最佳球员(一场比赛后选出):Man of Match49.惯用左脚的:left-footed50.惯用右脚的:right-footed51.左右开弓的:double-footed52.积极拼抢的防守队员:ball hawk53.观望队员(不积极主动):ball watcher54.裁判员:referee; ref; man in the middle55.巡边员:linesman规则与裁判56.上半时[场]:first half57.下半时[场]:second half58.开球;比赛开始:kick off59.实际比赛时间(由裁判员掌握):official time60.伤停补时:stoppage [injury] time61.加时赛;决胜期:extra period; overtime62.突然死亡(加时赛中首先进球为胜方,比赛终止):sudden death63.金球(突然死亡制中首先进球):golden goal64.银球(加时赛中进球后该半场仍赛完):silver goal65.点球决胜:penalty shootout66.出界:outside; out of bounds67.掷界外球:throw-in68.球门球:goal [defense] kick69.角球:corner(kick)70.获得罚角球权:win a corner71.任意球:free kick72.判给任意球:award a free kick73.直接任意球:direct free kick74.间接任意球:indirect free kick75.定位球:placekick; stationary ball76.踢定位球的队员:placekicker77.严重犯规(判罚直接任意球或点球):penal offense78.侵人犯规:personal foul79.技术犯规:technical foul80.故意犯规:intentional foul81.越位:offside82.非越位:onside83.巡边员用旗表示越位:flag84.冲撞犯规:charging85.从后面冲撞:charging from behind86.合理冲撞:legal [fair] charge87.进行阻挡的队员:blocker88.身体阻挡:body check89.拉人犯规:holding90.推人犯规:pushing91.打人:striking92.小动作:little trick [maneuver]; concealed foul93.危险动作:dangerous play94.抬脚过高:foot over95.手球犯规:handball; hands; handling96.蹬踏犯规;踢人:hacking; stamping97.经常踢人的队员:hacker98.绊人犯规:tripping99.背后铲球:tackle from behind100.铲球过迟(球已离开对方脚下):late tackle101.假摔:fake a fall [an injury]; simulation102.粗暴行动:violent conduct103.延误比赛:delay [hold up] the game104.持球时间过长(指守门员):excessive possession of the ball 105.警告:warning;caution;book106.黄牌:yellow card107.红牌:red card108.罚出场:evict; eject; banish; send [order] off the field; show the red card 109.停赛一场:suspend for a game110.以少打多:play shorthanded111.以少打多的局面:man down[short]112.以多打少的局面:power play; man [numerical] advantage113.罚点球:penalty [spot] kick114.踢罚球;主罚:take the kick115.罚中:convert a penalty kick116.罚球未中:miss a penalty kick踢球117.踢球:kick; boot118.踢球者:kicker119.得球:gain possession of the ball120.失球:lose possession of the ball121.漏球:miskick122.踢出界:kick out123.踢球太高:sky124.控球能力:ball-control[-handling]125.控球时间比:ball possession percentage126.停球:trap; stop127.大腿停球:thigh trap128.胸部挡球:chest129.停空中球:stop volley130.停住空中球:kill a ball131.凌空踢出:volley132.凌空反弹踢出:half volley133.抛球凌空踢出:punt; drop volley134.拨球:flick the ball135.扫踢:sweeping kick136.颠球:juggle137.迈过球(以迷惑对方):step over the ball 138.弧线球:curved [swerving] ball;bend; curl 139.内弧球:inswinger140.外弧球:outswinger141.跑动踢球:running kick142.踢后前冲:kick and rush143.无球跑动:off-the-ball running144.转身踢:turnaround kick145.脚背踢球:instep kick146.脚外侧敲击:flick [jab] kick147.脚尖踢球:toe kick148.脚弓踢球:kick with the inside of foot149.脚跟踢球:heel kick传、接、运150.传球:pass151.一次[直接]传球:first-time[one-touch] pass 152.到位的传球:spot [well-placed; pinpoint] pass 153.长传:long pass154.短[近]传:short [close] pass; one-two 155.三角传球:triangular [delta] pass156.短传配合:short game157.短传三角配合:short triangular passing 158.深传:deep pass159.沿边线传球:flank pass160.传中:center161.横传:cross [lateral;line] pass;cross162.横向转移传球:square pass163.斜[对角]线传球:diagonal pass164.传高球:high [lob] pass; loft; chip; pass in the air 165.地滚传球:ground [rolling] pass166.直传向前传球:forward pass167.大脚直传:steep forward pass168.回传;向后传:pass back169.脚后跟回传:back-heel170.穿越:through pass171.踢墙式二过一:wall pass172.推传:push pass173.敲传(使用脚外侧):flick pass174.隐蔽传球:trick pass175.快速传球:brisk pass176.领前传球:lead pass177.助攻传球:setup pass178.接传球:receive [pick up] a pass179.接球失误:fumble; mishandle180.运[带;盘]球:dribble; run with the ball181.运球队员:dribbler182.带球过人:beat; break through; dribble past 183.盘带过多:excessive dribbling头球184.头球:head;nod; header(指一次动作)185.跳起顶球:flying header; head with a jump 186.侧顶:head sideward187.善于顶球:good in the air抢截188.堵截:block; clog189.断球:intercept190.铲球;抢截:tackle191.侧面铲球:side(block)tackle192.倒地铲球:sliding [hook] tackle193.抡脚铲球:scything tackle194.铲倒对方:tackle through the ball195.对方铲球时仍控制住球:ride a tackle 196.双方机会各半的待争夺球:fifty-fifty ball 197.混战:scramble; melee;skirmish射门198.射门:shoot; attempt at [try for] goal199.射手:shooter; marksman200.进球:find the net; hit[drive the ball] home 201.破门得分:make [score; net] a goal202.破门机会:scoring opportunity203.射门得分者:goalgetter204.助攻射中:assisted goal205.连中三元;帽子戏法:hat-trick206.扳成平局的进球:equalizer207.射中次数:shots on goal208.轻易射门得分:sitter209.射门命中率:shooting average [percentage]210.未射中:mishit211.射门过高:high shot; sky212.从门柱弹回:deflect[bounce back] from the goalpost 213.射中无效:goal disallowed214.近射:close-range[-up] shot215.远射:long shot [drive]216.冲门:gate-crashing217.突然射门:snap shot218.劲射:hard [heavy; crashing; cannon] shot; drive; thump 219.补射:tip-in220.转身射门:pivot shot221.贴地射门;低射:grazing shot222.一次射门:first-time[one-touch]shot223.调整后[停球]射门:second-touch shot224.小角度射门:sharp-angled shot225.狭缝射门(指穿过防守线):slot226.倒地射门:sliding shot227.凌空射门:volley shot228.倒钩射门:scissors shot229.头球入门:head [nod] in a goal230.高吊球射门:lob [hanging] shot231.射空门:free shot232.香蕉球:banana shot233.乌龙球(踢进本方球门):own [self] goal234.射门的强烈愿望:goal hunger235.庆祝进球:goal celebration236.球门网右上角:top right-hand corner of the net237.球门网右下角:bottom right-hand corner of the net238.球门网左上角:top left-hand corner of the net239.球门网左下角:bottom left-hand corner of the net守门240.守门:goalkeeping;goaltending241.救球:save;retrieve;stop242.托救球:finger-tip save243.鱼跃救球;扑救:diving save244.挡开:parry245.拳击球:fist [punch] the ball246.护球;抱死:smother247.封住角度:shut off[cut down; narrow] the angle248.跑出来(抢球):come out249.视线受阻:unsighted进攻250.快攻;快速突破:fast break [counterattack]251.防守反击:switch from defense to attack; counterattack; push up 252.快速反击:fast-switching attack; runback253.突破:break; thrust254.中路突破:thrust down the middle255.单刀直入:solo drive256.突破对方防守:split the defense257.破坏对方防守:disorganize the defense258.拉开对方的防守面:spread the defense259.正面进攻:frontal attack260.边线进攻:flank attack261.左路进攻:attack on the left wing262.右路进攻:attack on the right wing263.全面压上:sweeping attack264.助攻:assist265.穿过:weave through266.插入:cut in; penetrate267.沉底:drive down the sideline268.靠近对方球门线:deep269.钳形攻势:pincers movement270.摆脱动作:evasive movement271.绕过防守队员(通过假动作):turn a defender 272.侧步躲闪:sidestep273.补位:cover a position; fill a gap; plug a hole 274.跑位:run off the ball275.跑位意识:positional sense276.跑动量(一场比赛中):work-rate防守277.密集防守:tight [close] defense [marking] 278.地毯式防守:blanket defense279.钉住:mark up; get tight280.撤退:retreat; withdraw281.后撤防守(引对方进入中场口袋):funnel back 282.解围(踢开球门区):clear283.封死:close off284.人墙:(defensive)wall285.筑人墙:set [line] up a wall286.二夹一:double-team战术287.前场:opposing half288.后场:own half289.进攻型足球:offensive football290.防守型足球:defensive football291.全攻全守型[总体型]足球:total football292.欧洲型足球:European [Continental] football293.拉丁美洲型足球:Latin American football294.接[策]应:support295.接应位置:supporting position296.分派位:assign position297.跟进:trail298.制造空当:create an opening299.边锋战术:wing play300.紧靠边线:hug the sideline301.控制中场:control the midfield302.越位战术:offside tactics [trap]303.交叉移动:scissors movement304.定位球战术(由固定队员主罚):set-piece play305.WM [3-4-3]阵式:WM[3-4-3]formation306.W阵式(WM阵式中的进攻部分):W formation307.M阵式(WM阵式中的防守部分):M formation308.4前锋[匈牙利]阵式:four forwards [Hungarian] formation 309.4后卫阵式:four backs formation310.3后卫阵式:three backs formation311.2-3-5阵式:2-3-5 formation;pyramid312.4-3-3阵式:4-3-3[Catenaccio] formation313.4-2-4[巴西]阵式:4-2-4 [Brazilian] formation314.五对五练习赛:five-a-side game 315.绕杆练习:swerve around sticks场地与器材316.足球场:football field [pitch; ground] 317.训练场地:training grid318.中线旗:center flag319.中圈:kickoff circle320.中场:midfield;center field321.球门线:goal line322.球门区:goal area323.球门区线:goal area line324.角球区:corner area325.角旗:corner flag326.罚球点:penalty kick mark [spot] 327.罚球区:penalty area [box; zone] 328.罚球弧:penalty[restraining]arc 329.球门:goal;nets330.球门口:goalmouth331.球门柱:goalpost; upright332.球门横梁:goal crossbar333.球门框:woodwork334.球门网:goal net335.彩条球衣:strip336.足球鞋:football shoe337.巡边员旗:linesman's flag。
20个常用英语表方位介词
20个常用英语表方位介词常用的20个英语表方位介词有:in、on、at、under、over、above、below、in front of、behind、along、across、around、near、next to、by、beside、towards、inside、outside、to等等。
1、in:在……内部;在……里面的意思;What is in the box?盒子里有什么?2、on:在某物的上面,两者互相接触;My books are on that table.我的书在那张桌子上。
3、at:在……处,一般指较小的比较具体的地点;He isn't at school.He is at home.他不在学校,他在家。
4、under:表示在某物垂直的正下方,两者之间不接触;My cat is under my chair.我的猫在我的椅子下。
5、over:一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在正上方”,是under的相对反义词;Is there any bridge over the river?6、above: 在......上方,相对于另一者在上方7、below: 在......上方,相对于另一者在上方,是above的相对反义词;8、in front of:在……的前面,正好与behind相反;There are some big trees in front of our classroom. 我们教室前面有几棵大树。
9、behind:在某物体的后面。
The broom is behind the door.笤帚在门后。
10、along:沿着……,顺着……I'm walking along the river.我正沿河而行。
11、across:从一边到另一边,在……那边。
There are many trees across the river.河对岸有很多树。
12、around:“围绕,绕着”The house is built around a central courtyard.这房子是围绕着中央的庭院而建的。
outside 和outsides的区分分法-定义说明解析
outside 和outsides的区分分法-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述概述在日常英语使用中,我们经常会遇到与外部和内部相关的单词,其中包括"outside"和"outsides"。
虽然这两个单词听起来很相似,但它们在意义和用法上却有一些明显的区别。
本文将详细介绍外部和内部的定义、"outside"的含义和用法,以及"outsides"的含义和用法。
此外,本文将探讨如何明确区分外部和内部,并提出一些区分"outside"和"outsides"的方法。
通过深入理解这些单词的区别,我们可以在日常英语交流和写作中更准确地表达我们的意思。
同时,对于非英语母语的学习者来说,掌握这些单词的用法也有助于提升语言能力和表达清晰度。
总而言之,本文将帮助读者理解外部和内部的概念,并掌握"outside"和"outsides"这两个单词的区别。
接下来,我们将进入正文部分,具体介绍这些内容。
文章结构本文主要分为引言、正文和结论三个部分。
下面将详细介绍每个部分的内容和目的。
1. 引言1.1 概述在这一部分,将简要介绍文章的主题——外部和内部的区分以及如何区分outside和outsides。
对于读者来说,这部分的内容可以给他们一个概括性的了解,引起他们的兴趣。
1.2 文章结构这一小节将详细介绍整篇文章的结构,包括主要章节和部分的标题。
读者可以通过阅读这一部分来了解文章的整体脉络,以便更好地理解后续内容。
1.3 目的在这一小节中,将明确本文的目的。
通过说明本文的目标和意义,读者可以明确阅读本文的动机和期望得到的收获。
1.4 总结这一小节将对整个引言部分进行总结,概括介绍外部和内部的区分以及如何区分outside和outsides的目的。
2. 正文2.1 外部和内部的定义在这一部分,将对外部和内部的概念进行详细解释和定义。
outside的用法和搭配
outside的用法和搭配一、outside的基本用法1. 作介词- 表示“在……外面;向……外面”。
例如:There is a dog outside the house.(房子外面有一只狗。
)- 表示“超出……的范围;除了”。
例如:Outside this rule, there are some exceptions.(除了这条规则,还有一些例外。
)2. 作副词- 表示“在外面;向外面”。
例如:It's cold outside. Let's go inside.(外面很冷。
我们进去吧。
)- 表示“在室外;露天”。
例如:We like to eat outside in summer.(夏天我们喜欢在室外吃饭。
)3. 作名词- 表示“外面;外部;外表”。
例如:The outside of the building is very beautiful.(这栋建筑的外观非常漂亮。
)4. 作形容词- 表示“外面的;外部的;外界的”。
例如:The outside world is full of wonders.(外面的世界充满了奇迹。
)二、outside的固定搭配1. outside of- 除了……之外。
例如:Outside of Tom, no one else knew the secret.(除了汤姆,没有其他人知道这个秘密。
)2. at the outside- 至多;充其量。
例如:It will cost 100 dollars at the outside.(这最多花费100美元。
)三、双语例句1. I left my keys outside the car. Oh, what a stupid thing to do!(我把钥匙落在车外面了。
哦,我怎么这么蠢啊!)2. She was standing outside the supermarket, looking a bit lost.(她站在超市外面,看起来有点迷茫。
(上海牛津版)初一英语同步辅导(含同步练习)Module1 Unit4 Making a model
(上海牛津版)初一英语同步辅导(含同步练习)Module1 Unit4 Making a model语法(一)名词所有格1. This is Kitty and Ben’s model house.这是凯蒂和本的房子模型。
Kitty and Ben’s 中的’s 为名词所有格,表示所有关系,翻译为“……的”。
’s词尾的加法可概括如下:(1)在单数情况下直接加“’s”:Lucy’s hat 露西的帽子my mother’s bike 我妈妈的自行车(2)若名词已有复数词尾,仅加“’”the teachers’reading-room教师的阅览室the twins’bedroom 双胞胎的卧室(3)如果名词是复数却不以-(e)s结尾,仍加“’s”:Childern’s books 儿童读物the women’s movement妇女运动(4)两者共有标在后Lucy and Lily’s mother露西和莉丽的妈妈(二)过去时及将来时1. They made it two years ago. 这是他们两年前制作的。
two years ago 意为“两年前”,与一般过去时连用。
made为make的过去式。
(1)ago应放在表示一段时间的短语后面,而不放在前面。
如:I met her three years ago.我三年前遇见她。
(2)ago 须同过去时连用。
如:I left school half a year ago.半年前我离开了学校。
2. They are going to make a new one.他们打算制作一个新的。
(1)“be going to +动词原形”表示事先经过考虑或事先做好安排,打算做某事。
如:We are going to have a swim this afternoon.今天下午我们将去游泳。
一般疑问句将be 提前,否定句在be 后面加not。
如:Are you going to meet this afternoon? 你们今天下午打算会面吗?Yes, we are./No, we aren’t.是的,我们将会面。
英语中介词-out-of-和outside-的用法
英语中介词out of 和outside 的用法有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物,前者叫作间接宾语;后者叫作直接宾语。
用法如下:1、直接宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式充当。
间接宾语是指动词的行为所指向的人。
间接宾语由名词或宾格代词充当。
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前,但有时当直接宾语比间接宾语短得多时,或当我们特别强调间接宾语时。
E.g:Remember to write us a letter please. 请记着给我们写信。
I will return the book to you tomorrow. 我明天还你书。
Fetch a chair for me, will you? 给我取一把椅子好吗?2、当间接宾语为人称代词,同时直接宾语也是人称代词时,也将间接宾语放在直接宾语之后。
E.g:I have found the book and give it to her.我找到了那本书,并给了她。
3、间接宾语只能用在某些动词的后面,常见的这类动词有:give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return,write, pay, point, play, save, spare, order, sing, find等。
E.g:The teacher gave us a lot of homework.= The teacher gave a lot of homework to us.老师留给我们很多作业。
He bought flowers for his girlfriend.out of 和outside 的用法1. out of:l)从……(出来):He got out of his car.他走下车来。
Is she out of hospital yet?她出院了吗?She brought something out of her bag. 她从口袋里拿出一样东西。
outside的反义词
outside的反义词Outside英[ˌaʊtˈsaɪd , ˈaʊtsaɪd],美[ˌaʊtˈsaɪd , ˈaʊtsaɪd]n.外部;(靠近路中央的)外侧,外手;(建筑物等的)周围,外围;外表;外道,外缘;adj.外部的;在外面的;向外的;不可能的;向外面的;不相关的;主建筑物以外的;不属于本团体(或机构、国家等)的;prep.不在;在…外面;除了;离开;不属于;不在…范围内;向…外面;adv.在外面;在户外;向外面;例句:This sense of privilege tends to be reinforced by the outside world.(这种优越感往往会被外部世界强化。
)词组:1.the outside of a building建筑物外部2.outside a building 在楼外3.outside a car 在车外“outside”的反义词是“inside”Inside 英[ˌɪnˈsaɪd] 美[ˌɪnˈsaɪd]prep.在(或向)…内;在(或向)…里;少于(某时间);adv.在(或向)里面;在监狱里;被监禁;n.内部;内侧;(道路或跑道拐弯处的)内侧,里道,内圈;里面;(人的)肠胃,内脏;(靠近路边的)慢车道;adj.内部的;里面的;从内部了解到的;内线干的;例句:I felt for my wallet and papers in my inside pocket.(我在里兜里摸钱包和证件。
)变形:复数insides“outside”与“inside”例句对比:1.I like to sit outside in the garden when the weather is nice.(天气好的时候,我喜欢坐在外面的花园里。
)2.The cat is hiding inside the box.(猫躲在箱子里面。
)3.Please wait outside the building until I call you.(请在外面等,直到我呼叫你。
outside 怎么读
outside 怎么读Outside是一个英语单词,其发音为英式发音/ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/ 和美式发音/aʊtˈsaɪd/。
这个单词具有多种含义和用法。
首先,Outside可以用作副词,表示“在外面”或“向外面”,描述位置或方向。
例如,当你说“She sat outside the cafe.”(她坐在咖啡馆外面。
)时,你就是在描述她的位置在咖啡馆的外部。
其次,Outside还可以用作形容词,表示“外部的”或“外界的”,用于描述物体或事物的外部属性。
例如,在句子“The outside of the building was painted red.”(建筑物的外面被漆成了红色。
)中,“outside”描述了建筑物外部的颜色。
此外,Outside也可以用作名词,表示“外部”或“外面”,通常用于描述某个空间的外部区域或边界。
例如,在句子“There was a fence around the outside of the garden.”(花园的外面有一圈围栏。
)中,“outside”指的是花园的外部边界。
同时,Outside还可以作为介词使用,表示“在……的外面”或“超出……的范围”。
例如,在句子“The cat is outside the door.”(猫在门外面。
)中,“outside”描述了猫的位置在门的外侧。
总之,Outside是一个多功能的英语单词,可以用作副词、形容词、名词和介词,分别表示位置、方向、外部属性和范围等概念。
通过准确掌握其发音和用法,我们可以更清晰地表达与外部空间、位置或范围相关的概念。
在日常交流、写作或翻译中,理解Outside的用法都是确保准确和有效沟通的关键。
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用法三:从(接近from)
例如: He watched the country out of the window. 他从窗口眺望田野。
They couldn't get a word out of her. 他们从她口里一句话也得不到。
He gets out of the lift. (正确)
out of的用法
用法一:从……出来 例如: The boy walked out of the classroom in silence. 那个男孩默默地走出教室。
He got out of his car. 他走下车来。
用法二:向外面,在外面 例如: Millie looked out of the window. Millie向窗外望望。
用法四:离开,不在……里面
例如: She is already out of danger. 她己脱离危险。 Put that out of your mind. 不要想它了。 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不烦。(谚)
超级纠错
请翻译 他从电梯中走出来。 He gets outside the lift. (错误)
outside与out of 用法辨析
outside的用法
outside通常表示在某物之外附近的范围内。 例如: We heard a girl crying outside the classroom. 我们听见一个女孩在教室外哭泣。
Outside the window it was a wonderful spring. 窗外是一个阳光明媚的春天。