小学音标与辨音练习
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小学音标与辨音
一、英语国际音标。
长元音:/ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /i:/ /u:/
短元音:/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/
双元音:/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/
清辅音:/p/ / t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/
浊辅音:/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /r/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/
鼻音:/m/ /n/ /ŋ/
半元音:/j/ /w/
边音:/l/
二、26个字母发音规律。
A a /eɪ/:name;cake;table;
/æ/:apple;cat;map;am;
/ɑ:/:want;dance;
/o/;what;watch;
B b /b/:book;big;bag;box ;
C c /k/:cat;cake;cup;clock;car;
/s/:face;nice;pencil;books;
D d /d/:desk;doll;dog;dad;
E e /i:/:he;she;meet;me;
/e/:elephant;egg;bed;pen;
F f /f/:fine;friend;fly;foot;fan;
G g /g/:gun;glass;glad;glove;
/dʒ/:age;orange;
H h /h/:hat;he;house;hand;
I I /aɪ/:fine;bike;five;ice;
/ɪ/:is;sit;miss;pig;picture;
J j /dʒ/:jeep;jam;jacket;jar;
K k /k/:kite;cake;black;thank;L l /l/:leg;left;ruler;flag;lamp;
/l/:apple;bowl;tell;old;M m /m/:am;map;my;mouth;milk;
N n /n/:no;know;new;hand ;
O o /əʊ/:old;home;nose;coke;
/o/:dog;not;clock;box;
/ʌ/:son;month;mother;love ;P p /p/:map;jeep;pig;pen;apple;Q q /kw/:quite;quilt;quick;
R r /r/:red;radio;brother;racket;
S s /s/:sit;miss;this;smile;books;
/z/:nose;those;rose;rulers;
T t /t/:it;sit;not;that;table;little;U u /ju:/:use;usually;excuse;
/ʌ/:bus;us;sun;duck;
/ʊ/:put;pull;push;
V v /v/:five;vase;very;seven;
W w /w/:we;window;watch;want;
X x /ks/:box;six;fox;
Y y /aɪ/:my;fly;why;bye;
/j/ yes;yellow;
/ɪ/ happy;baby;very;
Z z /z/:zoo;zero;
三、常用字母或字母组合发音规律。
(一)与元音字母A相关的单词:
1.[eɪ] a在开音节中,发字母音,后面有不发音的e :
face;grade;cake;lake;make;take;snake;name;plane;date;plate;
2.[æ] a在闭音节中:
dad;sad;bag;can;fan;man;and;hand;thank;map;cat;fat;that;hat;family;
3.[ɑ:] ar组合:car;far;star;card;scarf;market;hard;park;arm;farm;
4.[eɪ] ai组合:tail; rainy;train;wait;waiter;waitress;
5.[eə] air组合:air;hair;chair;stairs;
6.[eɪ] ay组合:day;today;play;may;May;say;way;stay;
7.[ɪ] ay组合:Monday;Tuesday;Friday;
8.[ɔ:] al组合:talk;walk;chalk;
9.[ɔ:l] all组合:all;ball;small;tall;wall;mall; call;fall;
10.[ɑ:s ]as或ass组合: ask;class;glass;pass;grass;last;
11.[ɒ] a在w后面:wash;what;watch;want ;
12.[ɔ:] aw组合: draw;
(二)与元音字母E相关的单词:
1.[i:] e在开音节中,发字母音:be;he;she;me;we;these;Chinese;
2.[e] e在闭音节中:
bed;red;leg;spell;hen;then;when;pen;ten;dress;let;
3.[ɪə] ere组合:here;
4.[eə] ere组合:there;where
5.[i:] ea组合:sea;tea;peach;teacher;read;please;eat;meat;seat;
dream;
6.[e] ea组合:head;bread;feather;weather;
7.[ɪə] ear组合:ear;dear;hear;near;
8.[eə] ear组合:bear;pear;
9.[ɜ:] ear组合:early;year;learn;
10.[i:] ee组合:bee;three;tree;see;need;feel;green;sleep;feet;meet;feed;
(三)与元音字母I相关的单词:
1.[aɪ] i在开音节中,发字母音:
hi;ice;nice;rice;ride;bike;like;time;fine;nine;write;kite;
2.[ɪ] i在闭音节中:which;chick;sick;big;pig;milk;him;swim;in;begin;ship;is;
3.[ɜ:] ir组合: bird;shirt;skirt;sir;girl;circle;thirty;thirteen;thirsty;
4.[aɪ] igh组合:light;right;flight;tight;