福建闽江河口湿地土壤重金属污染特征及评价研究

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闽江河口湿地为福建省闽江的出海口,是闽江注入河流中污染物的归宿地之一。近年来,由于城市规模扩大和人类活动干扰,一方面使得闽江河口湿地面积逐年急剧缩小,另一方面一些破坏湿地的商业性开发、工业废水和城市生活污水、海洋交通污染和地下

矿产开采等造成闽江河口湿地污染严重[1-2]。国内外有

关学者在湿地重金属污染方面进行了一些研究,李取生等[3]对珠江口滩涂湿地土壤重金属含量测定发现,Cd 、Zn 、Ni 污染十分严重,对围垦带来了严重的生态风险。于文金等[4]用地累计指数和潜在生态危害指数对鄱阳湖重金属污染的评价结果表明,鄱阳湖区重金属污染主要为Cu 污染,污染主要来源是德兴铜矿,Pb 表现为面源污染。B.H.Shima 等[5]对加沙地带湿地

水和沉积物化学成分的季节变化研究发现,

Cd 和Co 含量都比城市污水高50倍。因此,进行闽江河口湿地生态系统重金属污染的监测研究,掌握滨海湿地生态

农业环境科学学报2009,28(11):2302-2306Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘要:为掌握福建闽江河口湿地重金属污染特征,对闽江河口湿地不同监测点重金属污染状况进行全面调查采样,利用综合污

染指数法和地累积指数法对重金属污染状况进行评价。结果表明,福建闽江河口湿地重金属污染比较严重,除Ni 和Cr 外,Cu 、Pb 、Zn 、Cd 、Mn 均超过土壤环境质量标准(I 级)。除Ni 和Cr 单项污染指数无污染外,其他监测点均有不同程度的重金属污染,污染程度表现为Pb >Cu >Zn >Cd ;综合污染指数除潭头港和鳝鱼滩为轻度污染,其他6个监测点均达到中度污染以上,表明闽江河口湿地存在严重的重金属复合污染。地累积指数除Pb 、Zn 、Cd 污染达到中或轻度污染水平,其他重金属均无污染。关键词:福建;闽江河口湿地;重金属;污染特征;评价中图分类号:

X53文献标志码:

A 文章编号:

1672-2043(2009)11-2302-05福建闽江河口湿地土壤重金属污染特征及评价研究

侯晓龙1,黄建国2,刘爱琴1

(1.福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002;2.内蒙古电力勘测设计院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020)

Heavy Metals Pollution and It 's Assessment in the Wetlands of Min River Estuary in Fujian Province

HOU Xiao-long 1,HUANG Jian-guo 2,LIU Ai-qin 1

(1.College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;2.Inner-Mongolia Power Exploration &Design Institute,Huhhot 010020,China )

Abstract :The pollution characteristics of heavy metal in the estuary wetland of Min River in Fujian Province was thoroughly investigated and the contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Mn,Ni and Cr from 8monitoring sites were analyzed.And then the heavy metal pollution in the estuary wet -land of Min River was evaluated by the method of N.L.Nemerow Comprehensive Pollution Index and Geoaccumulation Index.The results showed that the heavy metal pollution was serious in the estuary wetland of Min River.The contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd and Mn exceeded the Standard of China National Soil Environment Quality Standard (level I )except Ni and Cr.The Single Pollution Index Assessment showed that the estuary wetland of Min River exist Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd and Mn pollution in different extents and no Ni and Cr pollution.The pollution degree of different heavy metals was in sequence of Pb >Cu >Zn >Cd.The Comprehensive Pollution Index Assessment showed that Tan-tou-gang and Shan-yu-tan existed slight pollution and the other monitoring sites were belonged to moderate pollution,which indicated there was serious comprehensive pollution in the estuary wetland of Min River.The Geoaccumulation Index Assessment showed that the Pb,Zn and Cd were belong to moderate or slight polution level,and there were no Cu,Mn,Ni and Cr pollution.Keywords :Fujian;estuary wetland of Min River;heavy metal;pollution characteristics;assessment

收稿日期:2009-04-24基金项目:福建省科技厅重点项目(2008Y0004);福建省科技厅资助

省属高校项目(2008F5012);福建省自然科学基金(2009J01051)

作者简介:侯晓龙(1981—),男,山西永济人,硕士,讲师,主要从事重

金属污染方面的研究。E-mail :

lxyhxl@ 通讯作者:刘爱琴E-mail :

fjlaq@

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