虚拟语气,汉译英句型

常考虚拟语气句型

第一种：由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子

1. 与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]

If I were you , I would marry him. 如果我是你,就会嫁给他。

2. 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]

If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.

如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。

3. 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]

If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ? 如果明天下雨,你怎么办?

第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的动词或名词从句中，从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。

insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。

第三种：用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essen tial , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中，从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。

第四种：用在It is time that --- 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。

⏹It is time (that) we went to bed .咱们该睡觉了。

⏹注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。

汉译英技巧

翻译的技巧和方法有很多，但是只有在构建了良好的句子结构的基础上，使用适当的技巧和方法才能起到画龙点睛的作用。下面列出了在历年真题中常见的三十个重点句型、例句及其译文。

1）It is＋形容词＋that

例：可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演着一个重要的角色。

It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

2）It is＋形容词＋to do/ doing

例：She had said what it was necessary to say. 她已经说了一切有必要说的话。

3）祈使句／名词＋and/ or

例：Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.

努力工作，你就能实现自己的目标。

4）as＋many/ much＋名词＋as

例如：It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in Lon-don.据说，游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。

倍数词＋as＋many/ much＋名词＋as

Visitors spend only half as much as money in Liverpool as in London.

5）倍数词＋as＋形容词＋as

例如：The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago. 这个水库的面积是十年前三倍。

6) 倍数词+ more +名词／形容词十than

例如：Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than

automobile accidents.

吸烟对人体健康的危害极大，每年死于吸烟的人比死于车祸的人多七倍。

7）（not）as/ so... as（和……（不）一样）

例如：The environmental problems are not as serious as they suggested in their report.

环境问题没有他们在报告中说得那么严重。

8）no more... than（与……一样不）

例如：She is no more fit to be a manager than a schoolgirl would be.

一个女学生固然不宜当经理，她也同样不宜。

9）Nothing is more... than（没有比……更……的；……是最……的）

例如：Nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

10）感官动词＋of＋名词

例如：They hurriedly escaped into a cave that smelt of terror.

他们仓皇地逃人一个充满恐怖气氛的山洞。

11）without/ not so much as（甚至没有）

例如：Disappointed with her husband，Mary left home without so much as looking back at him．

出于对丈夫的失望，玛丽离开了家，甚至都没有回头看他一眼。

12）may/ might as well（…as）（与其……还不如……）

例如：One may as well not know a thing at all as know but imperfectly.

与其一知半解还不如彻底蒙在鼓里。

13）too. . . to（太……而不能……；极其地）

例如：It was not too bright of them to settle in an area where earthquakes frequently occur.

他们选择在地震多发的地区定居，这可不是个明智的决定。

14）only to find/ see（结果却；没想到会）

例如：He spent almost all his money to buy the hen which was said to be able to lay gold eggs, only to

find it could not lay eggs at all.

为了买那只据说能下金蛋的母鸡，他几乎倾家荡产，没想到这只鸡根本不会下蛋。

15) It is undoubted that /There is no doubt that (毫无疑问，…)

16）rather than (而不是…)

17）not…until (直到…才)

18) so/such …that (如此…以至于)

19) (The) chance are that (很可能…)

20) It occurred to sb. that(突然想到…)

21）not …but …(不但…而且…)

22）It is taken for granted that (…被认为是理所当然)

23）It is/was said that(据说)

24) When it comes to …(提及，当提到…的时候)

25) be not much of a …(是个不太好的…)

26) AS far as sb/sth.is concerned (就…而言，在…看来)

27) not only …but also …(不但…而且…)

28) neither …nor …(既不…也不…) either …or …(或者…或者…)

29）no sooner than/ hardly when/ scarcely when (刚…就…)

30) the more … the more（越…越…）