可燃性测试方法 16 CFR PART 1610-200702
防火标准
CPSC 16CFR 1610服装织物的易燃性标准本标准规定了布料织物和其它用于服装织物的易燃性测试方法；建立了三个易燃性等级以及各等级的相应指标。
明确指出具有何种燃烧特性的织物不宜于服装制品（包括玩具制品），应拒绝使用。
易燃性等级与划分准则：毛绒纺织物易燃性等级划分：a) 等级1，若规定的火焰在纺织品表面蔓延时间大于7秒，为一般易燃性；b) 等级2，若规定的火焰在纺织品表面蔓延时间大于4-7秒，为中等易燃性；c) 等级3，若规定的火焰在纺织品表面蔓延时间小于4秒，为快速剧烈易燃性。
玩具上所使用的纺织材料的易燃性能只允许为一般易燃性材料。
非毛绒纺织物易燃性等级划分：a) 等级1，若规定的火焰在纺织品表面蔓延时间大于 3.5秒，为一般易燃性；PASS b) 等级2，若规定的火焰在纺织品表面蔓延时间小于3.5秒，为快速剧烈易燃性；CPSC 16CFR 1615/1616儿童睡衣燃烧标准2008年8月14日，美国《2008消费品安全改进法案》（CPSIA）正式实施，其中第102条规定，法案实施90天之后，儿童产品必须由第三方认证机构进行强制性认证，方可进入美国市场或在美国市场销售。
儿童睡衣当然属于儿童产品，因此目前要想出口到美国，必须进行第三方认证。
1. 定义和范围在这两份标准中，详细规定了适用于标准的定义，如儿童睡衣、尺码、婴儿服装、制品、装饰品、连匹织物、织物的生产批、服装的生产批、试样等，并引用了易燃织物法案中的有关定义。
16CFR1615适用于尺码为0～6岁的儿童睡衣，但不适用于尿布、内衣、婴儿服装和紧身服装，这4类产品应符合服用纺织品易燃性标准（16CFR1610）和聚乙烯塑料膜易燃性标准（16CFR1611）中相应的要求。
16CFR1616适用于尺码为7～14岁的儿童睡衣。
2. 燃烧性能要求这两份标准规定了具体的试验方法和燃烧性能要求。
要求儿童睡衣按照规定的程序试验，5个试样的平均炭长不超过17.8 cm（7.0 in.），没有一块试样的炭长为25.4 cm （10 in.）。
纺织品燃烧性能测试法规与垂直法燃烧性能测试方法能测试
纺织品燃烧性能测试法规与垂直法燃烧性能测试方法能测试一、美国纺织品服装燃烧性能技术法规美国早在1953年就通过了《易燃织物法案》（FFA），在1954年和1967年又先后对其进行了修订，由美国国会颁布，并由美国消费者产品安全委员会（CPSC）强制执行，该法案主要包含了服装和室内装饰用纺织品的燃烧性技术规范，禁止进口、生产和销售具有高度易燃性的纺织品服装。
据此，CPSC还制订了：服用纺织品的可燃性标准（16 CFR 1610）；乙烯基塑料膜可然性标准（16 CFR 1611）；儿童睡衣的可燃性标准：0～6X号（16 CFR 1615）；儿童睡衣的可燃性标准：7～14号（16 CFR 1616）；地毯类产品表面可燃性能标准（16 CFR 1630）；小地毯类产品表面可燃性能标准（16 CFR 1631）；床垫的可燃性能标准（16 CFR 1632）。
以上皆为美国强制性的技术标准，所有进人美国市场销售的相关纺织品服装都必须据此进行检测，并要达到其规定的阻燃性能要求。
另外，美国一些州也有针对纺织品阻燃性能的技术法规，如加利福尼亚技术公告117号，主要是针对家庭装饰用纺织品，对多孔弹性材料、非人造纤维填充材料、人造纤维填充材料、蓬松材料等的阻燃性能和测试方法分别作了具体规定。
1.服用纺织品的可燃性标准1.1适用范围16 CFR 1610《服用织物易燃性标准》适用于所有天然纤维或合成纤维制成的经过某种整理或未经整理的织物，以及由这些织物制成的服装。
不适用于帽子、手套和鞋袜，以及衬里布。
1.2燃烧性能要求该标准规定了具体的试验方法和燃烧性能要求。
将燃烧性能分成三级，根据产品的类型规定了具体的指标（见表1）。
明确指出1 级适用于服装；2 级仅针对绒面纺织品和服装；3 级不可用于制作服装，并且禁止进口到美国。
表1级数可燃性纺织品类型性能要求1级常规可燃性无绒毛、簇绒或其他类型表面起绒火焰蔓延时间≥4s有绒毛、簇绒或其他类型表面起绒火焰蔓延时间＞7s；或闪燃时间在0～7s，未点燃底布或底布未熔融。
[品质燃烧]CRF1610-2008
![[品质燃烧]CRF1610-2008](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/2750219282d049649b6648d7c1c708a1284a0a08.png)
16 CFR 1610：美国联邦法规第16卷，第1610部分：20081．目的适用范围1.1本方法是用于判定被测试的纺织品是否容易燃烧，一旦点燃其燃烧速度和速度是否危害穿着者。
1.2本方法适用于服装及服用纺织品。
1.3本方法不适用于：1.3.1帽子：当单独穿戴时，没有覆盖到脸部、颈部、肩部的帽子；1.3.2手套：长度不大于14英寸及不是与另外服装组成一个整体的手套；1.3.3鞋类：不是部分或全部由袜类组成及不是与另外服装组组成一个整体的鞋类；1.3.4夹层：用于服装外壳和内衬之间的夹层。
1.4免检规定：对符合以下两点要求的纺织品可无需进行燃烧测试1.4.1克重≥2.6OZ/YD2的非起绒织物。
1.4.2对于起绒和非起绒织物，不管克重，完全由腈纶、变性腈纶、尼龙、烯烃类纤维、涤纶和羊毛中的一种或多种成份组成的织物。
2定义2.1起绒织物：任何设计成纤维或纱线起绒的表面，例如：拉毛织物、割绒织物、簇绒织物、植绒织物或其他类似表面。
2.2非起绒织物：不是有意设计成纤维或纱线起绒的表面，包括花式机织物、针织物。
2.3表面闪燃：起绒织物表面的纤维或纱线的快速燃烧。
3.应用标准：美国联邦法规第16卷，第1610部分：20084.设备和材料4.1 45度燃烧试验仪4.2 刷毛装置4.3 商用干洗机4.4 洗衣机4.5 烘箱4.6 干燥器4.7 硅胶4.8 No.50丝光缝纫线4.9 丁烷气体4.10 试样夹5.实验步骤5.1原样测试5.1.1非起绒织物5.1.1.1预测试5.1.1.1.1试样准备a从织物的每一表面，沿不同方向和结构，各剪取一块2×6英寸大小的试样，在被测试反面做标记，进行测试，来确定需测试的方向、表面和结构。
b其中含金属线的织物，取样时金属线应与长度方向平行且测试点火位置在金属线上。
c对带绣花的网状织物，还需预测绣花部分，绣花取样时面积大的部分取在长度方向，点火位置在绣花上，比较绣花部分与大身网状织物的燃烧速率差异。
CFR1610 美国阻燃标准
下面为CPSC 16 CFR 1610与CPSC 16 CFR1615/1616对比:< xmlnamespace prefix ="o" ns ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
美国的纺织品防火标准
规例/标准
处理
根据特定的程序经过干洗后
在温度35℃浴比1：30的水中5分钟，清洗2遍，低温烘干1小时。
根据AATCC124的水洗方法在60度的温度下水洗,(66±5)℃下滚筒烘干.50次.放置样品在105℃的烘箱里30分钟.
样品尺寸
选择燃烧快的方向来取样。2英寸x 6英寸(原样和处理后的样品各5片)
5片3.5英寸宽x 10英寸
16 CFR 1610
16 CFR 1615/1616
产品类别
CPSC 16 CFR 1610为衣着类纺织品（一般成衣）的防火标准，但不包括帽子、手套、鞋子及衬里（interlining），此一标准是纺织品与成衣防火的最低要求，适用于所有成人及儿童成衣。
针对儿童睡衣防火作更严格的规范，所有作为儿童睡衣用途之成衣或材料，必需符合此规范，其测试必须依Fabric testing，Prototype seam/trim testing & Production garmenttesting等步骤进行。
阻燃标准中增加新的术语，如"干洗"、"燃烧时间"、"夹层"、"普通和表面有凸起花纹的纺织面料"和"燃料时间"等；
允许使用更为现代化的带有电动机械部件的燃烧测试设备，并提供了相关的参数和图表；
Part 1615 1616 儿童服装燃烧作业指导书
16 CFR 1615/ CFR 1616- 2010儿童睡衣易燃性测试作业指导书1. 适用范围1.1 在这两份标准中，详细规定了适用于该标准的的定义，如儿童睡衣、尺码、婴儿服装、制品、装饰品、连匹织物、织物的生产批、服装的生产批、试样等，并引用了易燃织物法令中的有关定义。
1.2 16 CFR 1615适用于尺码为0～6X 的儿童睡衣，但不适用于尿布、内衣、婴儿服装和紧身服装，这4类产品应符合服用纺织品易燃性标准（16CFR1610）和聚乙烯塑料膜易燃性标准（16CFR1611）中相应的要求。
16 CFR 1616适用于尺码为7～14 的儿童睡衣。
2 仪器设备及耗材2.1 垂直燃烧仪2.2 97%的甲烷，火焰高度:1.5英寸.2.3 测量工具:毫米尺。
2.4 水洗机2.5 烘干机2.6 重锤2.7 干燥器3. 试样的准备3.1 取样5片3.5 英寸宽x 10英寸，对于服装样品应该包括接缝。
3.2 根据AATCC 124的水洗方法在60度的温度下水洗,(66±5)℃下滚筒烘干.50次.(洗, 烘各一次为一个循环. 冷却10分钟在持久压力下.3.3 如果样品只可以干洗的, 根据CPSC可接受的程序进行.3.4 放置样品在105℃的烘箱里30分钟.3.5 放置在干燥器里不少于30分钟，但是不超过60分钟。
分为三个阶段：面料测试阶段/半成品阶段/成衣阶段。
经阻燃处理的面料需测试原样和水洗50次后的样品；未经阻燃处理的面料第一个FPU也需测试原样和水洗50次后的样品。
4. 试验过程4.1 调整火焰高度为1.5英尺.4.2 悬挂样品在测试箱内,样品底部到火嘴的距离为1.7cm.4.3 箱底垫一片石棉纸.4.4 点火时间3.0±0.2秒钟.4.5 测试损毁长度. 打开试验箱前门, 取下样品, 先沿长度方向炭化对折一下, 然后在试样的下段一侧,距其底边以及侧边各约6mm处, 挂上按试样单位面积的质量选定重锤, 再用手缓缓提起试样下端一测, 让重锤悬空, 再放下, 测量试样撕裂长度, 即为损毁长度, 结果精确到1mm.5. 测试要求5.1 燃烧性能要求5.2 抽样要求这两份标准详细规定了织物和服装的抽样具体要求，包括什么样的织物和服装可以组成一个生产批、织物和服装的具体取样方法、出现不合格产品时的取样方法、多层织物和服装的取样方法和试验时对试样的要求。
16cfr1610阻燃测试标准
16CFR1610阻燃测试标准
本标准规定了纺织品和服装的阻燃性能测试方法。
该测试方法是一种实验室测试，用于评估纺织品和服装在火灾中的表现。
1. 适用范围
本标准适用于所有纺织品和服装，包括但不限于棉、毛、丝、麻、化纤等材质的纺织品和服装。
2. 测试原理
本测试方法采用垂直燃烧试验法，将纺织品或服装放在燃烧器上，对其施加火焰，观察其燃烧情况。
根据火焰传播速度、燃烧持续时间、样品残渣量等指标来判断纺织品或服装的阻燃性能。
3. 实验步骤
3.1 样品准备
选取代表性样品，确保样品无瑕疵、无缺陷。
将样品裁剪成规定尺寸，一般宽度为15cm，长度为30cm。
对于纺织品，应将纱线方向与样品长度方向平行。
3.2 设备准备
检查燃烧器、计时器、量尺等设备是否正常运行。
确保实验环境整洁、安全。
3.3 试验操作
将样品悬挂在燃烧器上方，确保样品垂直。
点燃燃烧器，对样品施加火焰。
观察并记录样品的燃烧情况。
记录火焰传播速度、燃烧持续时间、样品残渣量等指标。
3.4 数据处理与分析
根据实验数据，分析样品的阻燃性能。
将实验结果与标准要求进行比较，判断该样品是否符合阻燃性能要求。
对于不符合要求的样品，应采取相应措施进行改进。
4. 结论
本标准提供了纺织品和服装阻燃性能测试的方法，可用于评估纺织品和服装在火灾中的表现。
通过本测试方法，可以有效地评估纺织品和服装的阻燃性能，从而保证其在使用过程中的安全性能。
16 CFR Part 1610、1615 and 1616中文测试简要说明(含流程概要图)
一.服装纺织品易燃性标准联邦法规16 CFR Part 1610测试对象:服装用纺织产品1.性能要求:被认定为1级或2级的样料达到了该标准的要求。
如果一块样料被认定为3级，即快速剧烈燃烧，则该样料不达标。
●被认定为3级的表面平整面料，其火焰平均蔓延时间低于3.5秒。
●被认定为3级的表面起毛面料，其火焰平均蔓延时间低于4秒并致底层布料燃烧或熔化。
2.16 CFR 1610 材料分级:初始分级:在每一阶段的检验之后都会做出初始分级。
对于只做原始状态下检验或原始状态下检验结果被定为3级的样料，初始分级的级别就是最终级别。
有关分级的指导见本实验室手册的第13章检验代码与顺序。
最终分级:最终分级可以是清洗之前或之后的初始分级，以最严重的易燃等级为准。
3.16 CFR 1610 测试流程概要（流程图）:先干洗1次,再水洗1次二儿童睡衣燃烧性能CFR 1615和CFR 1616测试对象:儿童睡衣和用来制作儿童睡衣的面料1.性能要求为满足该标准的要求，儿童睡衣必须符合下列标准和§1615.3(b) 和§1616.3(b)中规定的标准：•样料平均焦痕长度不超过17.8 厘米（7.0 英寸），并且•在每个单独样本上的焦痕长度不超过25.4厘米（10.0 英寸）。
2.抽样计划:抽样计划中描述的步骤是用成品来进行的：•用出厂状态的产品或洗涤并烘干过一次的产品（面料生产单位和服装生产单位），以及•洗涤并烘干50次的产品（面料生产单位）对所有初始面料生产单位的检验都要在成品状态下进行（出厂状态或洗过一次），而且还要在洗过50次之后进行。
对于在任何生产阶段未经阻燃剂处理的面料，后续面料生产单位的检验仅限于在成品状态下进行。
一个面料生产单位可由不同颜色的面料组成，或由相同颜色但不同印花的面料组成，（但不可由颜色和印花都不相同的布料组成）。
如果要包括不同的颜色和不同的印花（或者相同的印花但颜色不同），则每一种颜色或印花都需要取三份样料进行检验，并且证实有相同的性能。
16CFR 1610(C)
16CFR第1610部分纺织服装的阻燃性标准子部分A 标准1610．1 目的标准的目的在国家基础上，通过标准试验方法和对用于服装的可燃性纺织物和纺织物产品进行等级分类来减少伤害的危险和人身损失，阻止使用可燃纺织服装。
1610．2 范围（a）标准提供可燃性服装和服装用纺织品的试验方法，建立了可燃性的3个等级，阐明纺织品分级要求，对使用具有可燃性且特质不适做服装的纺织品予以警示。
（b）例外-本标准不适用：（1）帽子，手套和鞋类（2）内衬织物1610．3 要求（a）（1）常规可燃性，1级。
这个等级应包括符合本节（a）（1）（i）款和（a）（1）（ii）款阐明的最低要求的纺织品，符合这些要求的纺织品即通常可作为无异常燃烧特性在交易中被接受。
（i）没有绒毛，绒头，毛撮，毛屑或其它类型起绒纤维表面的纺织品。
在原始状态和/或按1610.4(d)和1610.4(e)所述的干洗和洗涤后的这些纺织品，若经1610.4所述的试验后,, 应被定为1级,常规易燃性火焰传播速度为4秒或更长。
(ii) 绒毛，绒头，毛撮，毛屑或其它类型起绒纤维表面的纺织品。
在原始状态和/或如按1610.4(d)和1610.4(e)所述的干洗和洗涤后的这些纺织品，若经1610.4所述的试验后, 应被定为1级,火焰传播速度超过7秒或燃烧时有快速表面闪光（0~7秒），火焰强度低至不能点燃或熔化底面织物为常规可燃性。
（2）中等可燃性，2级。
这个等级包括达到本节段落（a）(2)（i）阐明的达到最低要求的纺织品。
达到这些要求的介于常规和快速剧烈燃烧之间的可燃性特性的纺织品在商业过程中被公认为中等可燃性。
（i）绒毛，绒头，毛撮，毛屑或其它类型起绒纤维表面的纺织品。
在原始状态和/或如按1610.4(d)和1610.4(e)所述的干洗和洗涤后的这些纺织品，若经1610.4所述的试验后, 应被定为2级,火焰传播时间4-7秒，包括4，7秒，底面点燃或熔化为中等可燃性。
CFR 1610
2．16CFR 1610适用范围适用燃烧法规16CFR 1610的织物：（1）用于制衣的、宽度大于或等于两英寸的、由天然纤维或合成纤维（2）加工成的涂层或非涂层织物（3）弹性面料必须测试（4）皮革类产品必须测试（5）麂皮类织物必须测试（6）羽毛必须测试不适用燃烧法规16CFR 1610的织物：（1）薄膜类产品、具有硝化纤维素纤维整理或涂层的织物（2）不遮盖脖子，脸和肩部的帽子（3）长度小于14英寸和成衣相连的手套（4）鞋类产品、手帕、头纱和衣服衬里（5）重量小于2.6盎司/平方码的平面织物（6）由以下纤维组成或混纺的，光面织物或起绒织物：nylon ,acrylic, wool, polyester, olefin, modacrylic3．测试方法45°燃烧测试1610所有的织物或纺织类产品必须通过测试，该测试相对较容易，它的目的是为了将拉绒的人造丝火炬织物从市场上移除，而让其它的织物通过。
简单的说是将织物以45°角放置，在织物的下端的表面点燃1秒。
如果织物在3.5秒内的燃烧小于5英吋，则通过该测试。
对于起绒织物，考虑其表面的闪光，将最小燃烧时间提高至3.5和7秒之间。
评级体系等级#1 –织物燃烧20秒或以上等级#2 –织物燃烧8至19秒等级#3 –织物燃烧3至7秒等级#4 –织物燃烧小于3秒水平燃烧测试(MVSS-302 and 191-5905)垂直燃烧测试上述所有的测试都是将织物以垂直方式，用悬垂的条状(New York and Boston)，或三边的框架状处置。
点燃时间从3秒到15秒不等，但大多使用12秒，测量纪录燃烧和阻燃时间。
由这些测试中可看出，在进行织物可燃性测试时，选择所需的正确适当的燃烧测试标准是非常关键的。
织物最终用途也有利于测试标准的确定。
阻燃剂的选择和用量取决于所需的燃烧测试方法。
4．评级平面织物正常燃烧（1级）：平均燃烧时间大于或等于3.5秒快速且剧烈燃烧（3级）：平均燃烧时间小于3.5秒起绒表面织物正常燃烧（1级）：平均燃烧时间大于7秒；或者，平均燃烧时间等于或小于7秒，但基布未燃烧或熔融。
CFR part1610服用纺织品可燃性测试标准
PART 1610—STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF CLOTHINGTEXTILESSubpart A—The StandardSec.Purpose, scope and applicability.Definitions.Summary of test method.Requirements for classifying textiles.Test apparatus and materials.Test procedure.Test sequence and classification criteria.Reporting results.Subpart B—Rules and RegulationsDefinitions.General requirements.Test procedures for textile fabrics and film.Only uncovered or exposed parts of wearing apparel to be tested. Procedures for testing special types of textile fabrics under the standard.Application of Act to particular types of products.Reasonable and representative tests to support guaranties. Maintenance of records by those furnishing guaranties. Shipments under section 11(c) of the Act.Use of alternative apparatus, procedures, or criteria for tests for guaranty purposes.Subpart C—Interpretations and Policies Reasonable and representative testing to assure compliance with the standard for the clothing textiles.F1 P1610—SFAF2 P1610—FAVF3 P1610—SHSSRF4 P1610—AETIFF5 P1610—AETGSF6 P1610—IF7 P1610—BDF8 P1610—BF9 P1610—BDTS: 73 FR 15640, Mar. 25, 2008, unless otherwise noted.A: 15 1191–1204.1610部分—衣用纺织品易燃性标准子部分 A ——标准节.§ 目的、范围与适用性。
纺织品阻燃的测试标准和方法
1 概述所有的天然纤维素或再生纤维素纤维织物以及部分经整理或未经整理的其他天然或合成纤维织物都是可燃的，这些织物在接触明火源时，容易引起燃烧，由于其易燃性以及火焰的蔓延性等因素，致使一些可燃织物在制成服装供消费者使用时，会危及到消费者的安全。
鉴于以上原因，为保障财产和人身安全，避免或减少火灾造成的伤害和损失，各国针对织物及其制品的易燃性能制定了一系列法规和相关检测方法。
欧美、日本等国很早就对一系列纺织产品的燃烧性能进行了立法，包括服装用织物、睡衣、儿童睡衣、地毯、床垫、窗帘等，要求须经燃烧试验合格才能生产和使用；美国消费者产品安全委员会(CPSC)还立法规定凡在高层建筑、航空、海运、医院疗养院、群众集会场所及易燃工作区等使用的纺织品必须经耐燃测试合格。
本文主要介绍美国、加拿大、日本、欧洲及中国相应的技术法规、标准和主要测试方法。
2 纺织品燃烧性能技术法规与标准美国美国早在1953年就通过了《易燃织物法案》(FFA)，在1954年和1967年又进行了修订，并由美国消费者产品安全委员会(CPSC)强制执行(表1)。
表1的加拿大加拿大关于纺织阻燃性能的规定包含在危险品法规和条例当中，由加拿大卫生部负责派检查员强制执行(表2)。
表2中国(表3)表33 主要测试方法概述阻燃性能测试方法有多种，各国几乎都有自己的国家标准，不同种类织物有不同的测试方法，有些织物也可以用不同的测试方法来评价其阻燃性能。
传统上，按照织物试样放置的不同可分为垂直法、45°倾斜法、水平法。
本文介绍最常用的几种测试方法：垂直法、45°倾斜法、水平法和限氧指数法。
垂直法3.2.1 原理该种测试方法规定试样垂直放置(试样的长度方向与水平线垂直)，燃烧源在试样的下方引燃试样，测量试样的最小点燃时间、续燃时间、阻燃时间、火焰蔓延速度、碳化长度(损毁长度)、碳化面积(损毁面积)等与阻燃性能有关的指标，并据此来评定样品的阻燃性能级别或是否合格。
可燃性测试方法 16 CFR PART 1610-200702
(Any more review list is kept in DCC/This document is the property of Esquel Group; any information herein contained is confidential and only can be used for Esquel’s operation. C opy without authorization by QSM team or related ISO internal auditor, or other use thereof, whether directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited /此文件为溢达集团所拥有, 其中内容必须保密且为溢达使用。
未经公司质量体系管理人员或有关的ISO 内审员许可，禁止把文件的部分或全部复印或用作其Handwritten modifications or edits of specifications and procedures is prohibited. Please revise according to document 文件的更改应根据文件控制程序进行，不允许对文件进行手写涂改。
This is authorized copy only when there is a red color control stamp in left box.只有方格内盖有红色受控章，方为有效文件。
1、实验目的和使用范围1.1用三种等级来评定服装用纺织品的可燃性.1.2适用于服装和服装用纺织品. 不适用于帽类，手套，鞋类和夹层织物。
1.3 如下两类布不需要测试1.3.1 对于表面平滑的布（非磨毛、抓毛或起毛布），不管其纤维成分如何，如布重小于2.6oz/sq.yd(90g/sq.m)，则不需要测试。
16 CFR Part 1610 纺织服装易燃性标准
标题：16 CFR Part 1610 纺织服装易燃性标准/ 16 CFR Part 1610纺织服装易燃性标准关键字：16 CFR Part 1610 ，纺织,服装，可燃性中新网7月2日电据美国《星岛日报》2日报道，美国华盛顿州一名叫佩润诺德的女孩因身穿被降低了阻燃性的睡衣，在遭到酒精溅洒后致浑身严重烧伤。
救援消防队长马丁说，从出事家庭所使用的衣物柔软剂标签上可以看到，“该产品可能会降低衣物阻燃性”的说明。
美国卫生部家用产品数据库的数据显示，绒面布料的易燃性高于其他材质的纺织品。
而某些柔软剂“会令衣物柔软蓬松，却也增加了这些衣物的易燃性”，因此他们建议“不要在这类(绒面)衣物上使用该产品。
”易朔产品服务（厦门）有限公司将为您提供专业的纺织服装易燃性标准，联系我们，免费咨询！16 CFR Part 1610纺织服装易燃性标准16 CFR Part 1610 (Mar.18, 2008) Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles16 CFR Part 1610纺织服装易燃性标准简介：16 CFR Part 1610纺织服装易燃性标准规定了服装、纺织品的可燃性测试方法的三大分类，阐述了纺织品应符合这样的分类要求，并警示了那些有燃烧行为的纺织品不适合于服装生产。
16 CFR Part 1610 (Mar.18, 2008) Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles scope: 16 CFR Part 1610 (Mar.18, 2008) Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles The standard provides methods of testing the flammability of clothing and textiles intended to be used for clothing,1,a,b establishes three classes of flammability, sets forth the requirements which textiles shall meet to be so classified, and warns against the use of those textiles which have burning characteristics unsuitable for clothing.16 CFR Part 1610纺织服装易燃性标准的相关标准：16 CFR 1611乙烯基塑料薄膜的可燃性标准16 CFR 1611 Standard for the flammability of vinyl plastic filmBS 6341:1983 帐篷用纺织品规格BS 6341:1983 Specification for Fabrics for camping tentsISO 6941:2003纺织布料-燃烧行为-垂直方向向样本燃烧的火焰蔓延性能的测定ISO 6941:2003 Textiles Fabric– Burning behavior – measurement of flame spread properties of vertically oriented specimensBS 7837:1996帐篷及类似结构用纺织品燃烧性能BS 7837:1996 Specification for Flammability performance for textiles used in the construction of marquees and similar textile structuresBS EN 1102:1996纺织物、纺织产品、窗帘和帷幕的燃烧特性、垂直排列试样易燃性（小火焰）测定BS EN 1102:1996 Textiles and textile products. Burning behaviour. Curtains and drapes. Detailed procedure to determine the flame spread of vertically oriented specimensASTM F1955:2005睡袋易燃性的标准测试方法ASTM F1955:2005 STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR FLAMMABILITY OF SLEEPING BAGSBS EN 14878:2007 纺织品，儿童睡衣的燃烧行为，规范BS EN 14878:2007 Textiles. Burning behaviour of children's nightwear. SpecificationGB/T 5454:1997 纺织品- 燃烧性能试验- 氧指数法GB/T 5454:1997 Textiles-Burning behaviour-Oxygen index methodISO 10966：2005 体育和娱乐设备-遮阳蓬和野营帐篷-规范ISO 10966：2005 Sports and recreational equipment-Fabrics for awnings and camping tents- Specification。
Flammabilty 16CFR 1615 1616 测试送样介绍参考
Intertek Testing Services Ltd., Shanghai3/F, No.2 Building, Shanghai Comalong Ind. Park, No.889 Yishan Rd., Shanghai 200233, China 上海天祥质量技术服务有限公司中国上海宜山路889号齐来工业城2号楼3层 邮政编码 200233Tel: +86 21 61206565 Fax: +86 21 6495 9813Recommended size of Samplefor US CPSC 16 CFR PART 1615/1616 美国儿童睡衣可燃性标准1615/1616取样测试范围 取样说明 送测样品数量 测试项目 1 面料测试 每5000码为1个FPU，PFU编号由客户提供 每个PFU头码取2码×幅宽，尾码取2码×幅宽；如加严取样，则取头中尾各2码（客户需留相同样品量供CPSC抽查，下同）原样测试＋(水洗50次测试/若做过阻燃处理，一定要做洗后测试)2 样板服装的缝线测试 确定在成衣构造中最长的缝线和其他长度达到10in 或以上的缝线； 30块试样 3.5*10英寸 原样测试，不做洗后测试3 样板服装的装饰物测试 装饰物包括缎带、蕾丝、刺绣。
不包括：最长的方向的尺寸小于2in的装饰物；功能性的物品，如拉链、纽扣或弹力的带子 30块试样 3.5*10英寸 原样测试，不做洗后测试4 量产服装的成品接缝测试 1个GPU＝500×12＝6000件（500打） 从每一个GPU中，随意地抽取9件衣服(小号)或者6见衣服（大号）原样测试，不做洗后测试注意： 1. 16 CFR Part 1615：9个月～6岁童装；16 CFR Part 1616：7～14岁童装；2. 阻燃处理后的织物一定要做水洗后测试；首个FPU必须做洗后测试。
按照AATCC135，60度洗12分钟。
美国所有燃烧性能测试标准介绍
美国所有燃烧性能测试标准介绍美国织物燃烧性能测试方法及标准主要有: 美国消费安全委员会标准CFR16 Part 1610、1615、1616、美国材料试验学会标准ASTM D1230 - 94、美国联邦标准191A 5903、美国防火协会标准NFPA 701 等。
( 1) CFR16 Part 1610 和ASTMD 1230- 94: 服装用纺织品可燃性测试标准。
主要适用于测试穿用过程中易着火, 并且一旦着火后, 将会剧烈燃烧并造成危害的织物。
美国消费品安全委员会( CPSC) 的标准规定, 根据测试结果将织物分成不同的等级。
测试前, 先把试样放在105℃的烘箱中烘30 min, 使其达到最易燃的状态。
在干燥箱中冷却后, 置于可燃性试验仪中进行测试。
该仪器包括一个非贯通式的通风测试室, 其中设有点燃装置、试样架、试样夹和自动计时器。
试样架倾斜角度为45°, 使用标准火焰从试样靠近下端的表面点燃1 s, 记录火焰在试样表面燃烧127 mm 所需的时间。
如果这个时间少于4s,为不合格。
( 2) CFR 16 Part 1615 和1616:儿童睡衣可燃性标准。
主要用于检测儿童睡衣用织物, 将大小为89mm×254 mm 的试样垂直悬挂在试样夹持器上, 燃烧器的燃烧气体为97%以上的甲烷气体。
从试样下端点燃( 3±0.2) s, 续燃时间超过10 s或碳长超过17.8 cm 为不合格。
( 3) 美国联邦标准191A 5903与ASTM F1358- 95: 织物阻燃性能标准测试方法垂直法。
两者非常相近, 都要求试样垂直放置, 点燃时间为12 s, 测试指标为续燃时间、阴燃时间和碳长。
( 4) NFPA 701: 阻燃织物和阻燃薄膜的着火性试验方法。
此方法分为两部分, 第一部分用于测试织物, 第二部分用于测试薄膜和厚度超过700 g /m2 的织物。
燃烧器气体为97%的甲烷气体。
美国联邦燃烧法规16 CFR PART 1610-2005
PART 1610—STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF CLOTHING TEXTILESSubpart A—The StandardSec.1610.1 Purpose.1610.2 Scope.1610.3 Requirements.1610.4Methods of test.1610.5 Notes.Subpart B—Rules and Regulations1610.31 Terms defined.1610.32 General requirements.1610.33Test procedures for textile fabrics and film.1610.34Only uncovered or exposed parts of wearing apparel to be tested.1610.35Procedures for testing special types of textile fabrics under the standard.1610.36Applications of act to particular types of products.1610.37 Reasonable and representative tests to support guaranties.1610.38Maintenance of records by those furnishing guaranties.1610.39Shipments under 11(c) of the act.1610.40Use of alternate apparatus, procedures, or criteria for tests for guaranty purposes. Subpart C—Interpretations and Policies1610.611610.62Source:40 FR 59891, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted.Codification Note:Part 1610 is a codification of the previously unpublished standard for flammability of clothing textiles, Commercial Standard 191–53, issued by the Department of Commerce, effective on January 30, 1953. This flammability standard became mandatory through section 4(a) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended in 1954, and remains in effect due to the savings clause (section 11) of Pub. L. 90–189. 16 CFR part 1609 contains the text of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954.Authority:16 U.S.C. 1191–1204, unless otherwise noted.Subpart A—The StandardAuthority:Sec. 5, Pub. L. 83–88, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 68 Stat. 770 (15 U.S.C. 1193); sec. 11, Pub. L. 90–189, 81 Stat. 568.Note:All fabrics of natural or regenerated cellulose, as well as certain types of finished and unfinished fabrics made from other natural or synthetic fibers, are combustible. Some combustible fabrics, when used for clothing, are potentially dangerous to the wearer because of the speed and intensity of flame with which those fabrics burn and their ease of ignition, and because of the design of the garment. Two of these factors, the ease of ignition and the speed of flame spread, can be measured with the instrument described herein.It is suggested that measurement of these two factors, together with visual observation of flame intensity, will permit the separation of various fabrics into three classes of flammability, thus assisting in a judgment of fabric suitability for clothing.§1610.1 Purpose.The purpose of this standard is to reduce danger of injury and loss of life by providing, on a national basis, standard methods of testing and rating the flammability of textiles and textile products for clothing use, thereby discouraging the use of any dangerously flammable clothing textiles.§1610.2 Scope.(a) The standard provides methods of testing the flammability of clothing and textiles intended to be used for clothing, 1,a,b establishes three classes of flammability, sets forth the requirements which textiles shall meet to be so classified, and warns against the use of those textiles which have burning characteristics unsuitable for clothing.1Hereinafter, “clothing and textiles intended to be used for clothing” shall be referred to as “textiles.”a All the numbered footnotes are from the original printing by the Department of Commerce. All the lettered footnotes are new.b Refer to sections 2 and 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954, set out at 16 CFR part 1609, for the scope of the Standard.(b) Specific exceptions— This standard shall not apply to:(1) Hats, gloves, and footwear. cc Refer to sections 2(d) and 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954, set out at 16 CFR part 1609 for exceptions to this exception.(2) Interlining fabrics. 22Interlining fabrics are not considered dangerously flammable when used as interlinings. When used for other purposes they should be tested and rated the same as any other fabrics.§1610.3 Requirements.(a)(1) Normal flammability, Class 1. This class shall include textiles which meet the minimum requirements set forth in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section. Textiles meeting these requirements are generally accepted by the trade as having no unusual burning characteristics.(i) Textile without nap, pile, tufting, flock, or other type of raised-fiber surface. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being dry-cleaned and washed as described in §§1610.4(d) and 1610.4(e), when tested as described in §1610.4 shall be classified as Class 1, normal flammability, when the time of flame spread is 4 seconds d or more.d On August 23, 1954, the Flammable Fabrics Act was amended, changing the test for the time of flame spread for plain-surfaced fabrics, provided in paragraphs 3.1.1.1 (now§1610.3(a)(1)(i)) and 3.1.3.1 (now §1610.3(a)(3)(i)), by reducing the burning time from 4 to 3 1/2 seconds. For the purpose of the administration of that act, therefore, the 3 1/2 second burning time for plain-surface fabrics is applicable.(ii) Napped, pile, tufted, flocked, or other textiles having a raised-fiber surface. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being dry-cleaned and washed as described in §§1610.4(d) and 1610.4(e), when tested as described in §1610.4, shall be classified as Class 1, normal flammability, when the time of flame spread is more than 7 seconds, or when they burn with a rapid surface flash (from 0 to 7 seconds), provided the intensity of the flame is so low as not to ignite or fuse the base fabric.(2) Intermediate flammability, Class 2. This class shall include textiles which meet the minimum requirements set forth in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section. Textiles meeting these requirements are recognized by the trade as having flammability characteristics between normal and rapid and intense burning.(i) Napped, pile, tufted, flocked, or other textiles having a raised-fiber surface. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being dry-cleaned and washed as described in §§1610.4(d) and 1610.4(e), when tested as described in §1610.4, shall be classified as Class 2, intermediate flammability, when the time of flame spread is from 4 to 7 seconds, both inclusive, and the base fabric ignites or fuses.(3) Rapid and intense burning, Class 3. This class shall include textiles which have burning characteristics as described in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (a)(3)(ii) of this section. Such textiles are considered dangerously flammable and recognized by the trade as being unsuitable for clothing because of their rapid and intense burning.(i) Textiles free from nap, pile, tufting, flock, or other type of raised-fiber surface. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being dry-cleaned and washed as described in§§1610.4(d) and 1610.4(e), when tested as described in §1610.4, shall be classified as Class 3, rapid and intense burning, when the time of flame spread is less than 4 seconds. ee See footnote d.(ii) Napped, pile, tufted, flocked, or other textiles having a raised-fiber surface. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being dry-cleaned and washed as described in §§1610.4(d) and 1610.4(e) when tested as described in §1610.4 shall be classified as Class 3, rapid andintense burning, when the time of flame spread is less than 4 seconds and when the intensity of flame is such as to ignite or fuse the base fabric.§1610.4 Methods of test.(a)(1) Number and size of specimens required. Five specimens, each measuring 2 by 6 inches, are required for each test.(2) For textiles without a raised-fiber surface the long dimension shall be that in which they burn most rapidly, and the more rapidly burning surface shall be tested. To establish the long dimension and the surface, preliminary tests are made as described in paragraph (g) of this section, with specimens cut in different directions.(3) For textiles having a raised-fiber surface, the direction of the lay of the surface fibers shall be parallel with the long dimension of the specimens. For this type of textiles with varying depths of pile, tufting, etc., the specimens are taken from that part and tested on that surface which has the fastest rate of burning.(4) If the specimens in the preliminary test, when tested as described in paragraph (g) of this section, do not ignite or are very slow burning, or should have a fire-retarding finish, a swatch large enough to provide the specimens required for the test, with allowance for shrinkage in dry cleaning and washing, is subjected to the dry cleaning and washing procedures described in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. The specimens for the flammability test are then taken from it.(5) The specimens required for testing, each 2 by 6 inches, are marked out on the back (or under side) of each sample with the long dimension in the direction in which burning is most rapid, as established in the preliminary trials. The end of the specimen toward which and on the face of which burning is most rapid is identified by attaching a staple to it. The specimens are then cut out.(b) Flammability tester. The flammability tester consists of a draft-proof ventilated chamber enclosing a standardized ignition medium, sample rack, and automatic timing device.(1) Draft-proof chamber with vented top (A, fig. 2). This metal chamber prevents air circulation around the specimen rack and flame, but permits free ventilation for rapid oxidation. The chamber is 14 1/2 inches wide, 8 1/2 inches deep, and 14 inches high. There are 12 half-inch holes equidistant along the rear of the top closure. A ventilating strip is provided at the base of the sliding glass door in the front of the apparatus.(2) Specimen rack (B, fig. 2). The specimen rack provides supports for the frames in which the specimens are mounted. The angle of inclination is 45°. Two guide pins projecting downward from the center of the base of the rack travel in slots provided in the floor of the chamber so that adjustment can be made for the thickness of the specimen in relation to the flame front. A stop is provided in the base of the chamber to assist in adjusting the positionof the rack.(3) Specimen holder (C, fig. 2). The specimen holder consists of two 1/16 inch matched metal plates with clamps mounted along the sides, between which the specimen is fixed. The plates are slotted and loosely pinned for alignment. The two plates of the holder cover all but 1 1/2 inches of the width of the specimen for its full length. The specimen holder is supported in the draft-proof chamber on the rack at an angle of 45°. Five specimen holders are provided.(4) Indicating finger (D, fig. 2). The forepart of this finger touches the specimen when the rack is adjusted. By means of this finger the thickness of the specimen is compensated for in the throw of the gas nozzle.(5) Control knobs (not shown). There are two of these knobs which hold the rack in test position. The knobs can be reached under the stage of the cabinet and permit forward and backward movements of the rack when loosened.(6) Ignition medium (E, fig. 2). The ignition medium consists of a spring-motor-driven gas jet formed around a 26-gage hypodermic needle. A trigger located in the front of the apparatus serves to wind the spring-motor when the machine is placed in operation. The gas jet is protected by a copper shield.(7) Stop cord (F, fig. 2). This cord, stretched from the spool (P, fig. 2) through suitable thread guides provided on the specimen frame and chamber walls, permits the lacing of the cord in the proper position exactly 5 inches from the point where the center of the ignition flame impinges on the test specimen. The stop cord consists of a No. 50 mercerized sewing thread and measures the rise and spread of the flame from the test specimen.(8) Pulley or eye (G5, fig. 2). The pulley or eye is the support and guide for the stop cord. gg Other guides are specifically identified as the skyhook (G 1), the L-shaped guides (G2, G3) and a pigtail guide (G6).See §1610.61(c)(1) for a clarification of the stop cord position.(9) Stop weight (H, fig. 2). The weight, attached by means of a clip to the stop cord, in dropping actuates the stop motion.(10) Slide door control (I, fig. 2). This knob moves the catch mechanism used to hold the sliding door in an open position for insertion of test specimen racks.(11) Slide door (J, fig. 2). A glass door in its normal position slides in the grooves at the front of the cabinet.(12) Fuel-control valve (K, fig. 2). This valve consists of a sensitive control device for regulating the fuel supply at the tank. The valve ends in a 1/2-inch male connection for attachment to the standard butane tank of 2 pounds capacity.(13) Flow meter (L, fig. 2). A flow meter is used to bring the fuel supply to test level by means of the control valve. The flow meter consists of a U-shaped glass tube cut into the gas line in a manner to register the gas pressure delivered to the microburner. Attached to the case wall behind the flow meter is a movable metal plate with two parallel horizontal lines properly spaced for the desired flame length. When the pressure is off, the plate is so regulated that the liquid level in both sides of the U-shaped tube meets the lower line. When the test is made the pressure is so adjusted that the higher liquid level in the U-shaped tube meets the upper line.(14) Butane, c.p., container4(M, fig. 2). This fuel supply is a No. 4 cylinder of c.p. butane. 4Butane, c.p. No. 4 cylinders containing 2 pounds of butane may be obtained from, among others, the Matheson Co., Inc., East Rutherford, N.J.(15) Stopwatch and timing mechanism (N, fig. 2). This watch, by means of special attachments, is actuated to a start by connection with the gas jet (E, fig. 2). A driving mechanism on rear of cabinet (S, fig. 2) moves the gas jet to its most forward position and automatically starts the timing at the moment of flame impact. The falling weight (H, fig. 2), when caused to move by severance of cord (F, fig. 2), stops the watch. Timing is read directly.(16) Starting lever (O, fig. 2). This lever is operated from left to right in one stroke and is released to operate the gas jet.(17) Cord supply (P, fig. 2). This supply, consisting of a spool of No. 50 mercerized cotton sewing thread, is fastened to the side of the chamber and can be withdrawn by releasing the thumbscrew holding same in position.(18) Cord loop (G4, fig. 2). At a point behind the stop cord (F, fig. 2), on the rear panel, there is installed another loop to draw the cord away from directly over the flame.(19) Draft ventilator strip (Q, fig. 2). A draft ventilator strip is placed across the front opening, sealing the space between the sliding door when in lowered position and the base on which the grid rack is attached.(c) Brushing device.h (1) This device consists of a baseboard over which a smaller carriage is drawn. This carriage runs on parallel tracks attached to the edges of the upper surface of the baseboard. The brush is hinged with pin hinges at the rear edge of the baseboard and rests on the carriage vertically with a pressure of 150 grams.h See §1610.61(c)(2) for a clarification of the brushing technique for fabric with raised-fiber surfaces.Figure 3—Brushing device.i(2) The brush consists of two rows of stiff nylon bristles mounted with the tufts in a staggered position. The bristles are 0.016 inch in diameter and 0.75 inch in length. There are 20 bristles per tuft and 4 tufts per inch. A clamp is attached to the forward edge of the movable carriage to permit holding the specimen on the carriage during the brushing operation.(3) After the specimen has been put in place on the carriage and fastened by means of the clamp, the brush is raised, the carriage pushed to the rear, and the brush lowered to the face of the specimen. The carriage is then drawn forward by hand at a uniform rate.(d) Dry cleaning. A swatch from each sample, as mentioned in paragraph (a)(4) of this section, shall be subjected to the following dry-cleaning procedure.(1) Apparatus. The apparatus is a cylinder, preferably of metal, approximately 13 inches high and about 8 3/4 inches in diameter (capacity 3 gallons). The cylinder is mounted in a vertical position on an axis which is inclined 50° to the axis of the cylinder, and is rotated about this axis at a speed of 45 to 50 revolutions per minute. ii See footnote h; this picture is a reproduction of the figure published in the original standard, and does not truly represent the Commission's interpretation of the proper position of the specimen during the brushing procedure (§1610.01(c)(2)). Specifically, the specimen in the picture appears to be below the level of the upper half of the specimen holder while the clarification requires the specimen to be placed above this level. Also §1610.61(c)(1) allows for the use of L-shaped guides.(2) Cleaning procedure. The apparatus is filled approximately one-third with perchlorethylene to which is added 270 ml of dry-cleaning soap. 6 The swatches and sufficient suitable worsted cloth, 7 in pieces of approximately 12 by 12 inches, to make a total dry load of 1 pound are placed in the apparatus. It is operated for 25 minutes. The solution is poured out, the apparatus refilled to approximately one-third with fresh perchlorethylene without soap, and the apparatus is operated for an additional 5 minutes. This last operation is repeated three times. The swatches are then removed and the excesssolvent removed from the swatches by any convenient means, such as rolling them between two layers of turkish toweling or between two layers of absorbent paper. They are then permitted to dry at room temperature.6The soap shall be made by dissolving 56 grams of caustic potash (KOH) in 100 ml of water. The potassium hydroxide solution shall be poured slowly, with constant stirring, into a mixture of 340 grams of oleic acid, 400 ml of Stoddard solvent (Commercial StandardCS3–40 grade), and 100 ml of tertiary butyl alcohol or an equal quantity of butyl cellosolve. 7A suitable worsted test fabric known as Moth Test cloth may be obtained from Test-fabrics, Inc., 55 Van Dam St., New York 13, N.Y.(e) Washing procedure. The swatches, after being subjected to the dry-cleaning procedure (paragraph (d) of this section), shall then be immersed and worked gently for 5 minutes in a bath of soft water in which 0.5-percent neutral chip soap has been dissolved. The volume of the bath shall be 30 times the weight of the swatches and the temperature shall be between 95° and 100 °F. The swatches shall then be rinsed twice in water at 80 °F., extracted, and dried. The individual specimens, each 2 by 6 inches, are then cut out as described in paragraph (a)(5) of this section and tested as described in paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section.(f) Brushing and drying specimens. Each specimen having a raised-fiber surface, in its original condition or after dry cleaning and washing, is placed on the brushing device carriage (paragraph (c) of this section) and drawn under the brush once against the lay of the raised-fiber surface (see fig. 4). Other specimens do not require brushing. All specimens are clamped individually in the specimen holders of the flammability tester (paragraph (b)(3) of this section), with the staple on top and the stapled end at the closed end of the holder. They are then dried in a horizontal position in an oven for 30 minutes at 221 °F (105 °C), removed from the oven, and placed over anhydrous calcium chloride in a desiccator until cool, but for not less than 15 minutes.Figure 4—Lay of Nap(g) Procedure for testing flammability. (1) Adjust the position of the rack of the flammability tester (paragraph (b)(2) of this section) with a holder and trial specimen (not a prepared specimen) in position, so that the tip of the indicator finger touches the face of the specimen.(2) Open the control valve in the fuel supply. Allow approximately 5 minutes for the air to be drawn from the fuel line, ignite the gas and adjust the flame to a length of 5/8 inch, measured from its tip to the opening in the gas nozzle.(3) Remove the mounted specimen from the desiccator and place it in a position on the rack in the chamber of the apparatus.(4) See that the stop cord (No. 50 cotton sewing thread) is strung through the guides in the upper plate of the specimen holder across the top of the specimen, and through the guides at the rear of the chamber over the guide ring, and that the weight is hooked in place close toand just below the guide ring. Set the stop watch at zero. Close the door of the apparatus. Conduct the test in a draft-free room with the apparatus at room temperature.(5) Bring the starting lever over to the extreme right and release it. This starts the timing mechanism and applies the flame to the specimen for a period of 1 second. This should be done within 45 seconds of the time the specimen was removed from the desiccator. Timing is automatic, starting upon application of the flame and ending when the weight is released by the burning of the stop cord.(6) Record the time of flame spread (reading of stop watch) of each specimen and note whether the base of each specimen having a raised-fiber surface is ignited or fused to a point where the damage is apparent from the bottom of the specimen.(7) Results—(i) Time of flame spread. The time of flame spread of the textile is taken as an average time for 5 specimens. Results of tests of specimens before and after dry cleaning and washing shall be recorded and reported separately. If the time of flame spread is less than 4 seconds 8 or if the specimens do not burn, test 5 additional specimens. The time of flame spread is then taken to be the average time for the 10 specimens or for as many of them as burn.8In the Flammable Fabrics Act, Congress adopted CS 191–53 as the Commercial Standard to be applied under the law.On August 23, 1954, the Flammable Fabrics Act was amended, changing the test for the time of flame spread for plain-surfaced fabrics, provided in paragraphs 3.1.1.1 and 3.1.3.1 [codified as §§1610.3(a)(1)(i) and 1610.3(a)(3)(i)], by reducing the burning time from 4 to 3 1/2 seconds.For the purposes of the administration of that act, therefore, the 3 1/2-second burning time for plain-surfaced fabrics is applicable.(ii) Base fabric ignition or fusing. Base fabric ignition or fusing of textiles havingraised-fiber surfaces shall be reported when the base fabric of more than 1 of the 5 (or 2 of the 10) specimens tested ignites or fuses. jj See §1610.61(c)(3) for a clarification of the criterion for classification of Class 3.(8) Reporting results. The reported result shall be the flammability before or after dry cleaning and washing, whichever is the lower; and, based on this result, the textile shall be placed in the proper classification as given in §1610.3.[40 FR 59891, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 59 FR 33194, June 28, 1994]§1610.5 Notes.The methods of test and classifications outlined herein agree with all essential requirements of the Standard Test Method for Flammability of Clothing Textiles, of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists.Subpart B—Rules and RegulationsAuthority:Sec. 5, 15 U.S.C. 1194.Note:An interpretation, with respect to Ornamental Veils or Veilings, issued by the Federal Trade Commission at 32 FR 11850, Aug. 17, 1967, provides as follows:Ornamental millinery veils or veilings when used as a part of, in conjunction with, or as a hat, are not to be considered such a “covering for the neck, face, or shoulders” as would, under the first proviso of section 2(d) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, cause the hat to be included within the definition of the term “article of wearing apparel” where such ornamental millinery veils or veilings do not extend more than nine (9) inches from the tip of the crown of the hat to which they are attached and do not extend more than two (2) inches beyond the edge of the brim of the hat.Where hats are composed entirely of ornamental millinery veils or veilings such hats will not be considered as subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act if the veils or veilings from which they are manufactured were not more than nine (9) inches in width and do not extend more than nine (9) inches from the tip of the crown of the completed hat.§1610.31 Terms defined.As used in this part, unless the context otherwise specifically requires:(a) The term act means the “Flammable Fabrics Act” (approved June 30, 1953, Pub. Law 88, 83d Congress, 1st sess., 15 U.S.C. 1191; 67 Stat. 111) as amended, 68 Stat. 770, August 23, 1954.(b) The terms rule, rules, regulations, and rules and regulations, mean the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission pursuant to section 5(c) of the act.(c) The term United States means, the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Territories, and Possessions of the United States.(d) The terms marketing or handling means the transactions referred to in section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended in 1967.(e) The terms uncovered or exposed part of an article of wearing apparel as used in section4(a) of the act, mean that part of such article of apparel which might during normal wear be open to flame or other means of ignition.Note:The outer surface of an undergarment is considered to be an uncovered or exposed part of an article of wearing apparel, and thus subject to the act.(f) The term textile fabric means any coated or uncoated material subject to the act, except film and fabrics having a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish, or coating, which is woven, knitted, felted or otherwise produced from any natural or manmade fiber, or substitute therefor, orcombination thereof, of two inches or more in width, and which is in a form or condition ready for use in wearing apparel.(g) The term plain surface textile fabric means any textile fabric which does not have an intentionally raised fiber or yarn surface such as a pile, nap, or tuft, but shall include those fabrics having fancy woven, knitted or flock printed surfaces.(h) The term raised surface textile fabric means any textile fabric which has an intentionally raised fiber or yarn surface such as a pile, nap, or tufting.(i) The term film means any nonrigid, unsupported plastic, rubber or other synthetic or natural film or sheeting, subject to the Act, or any combination thereof, including transparent, translucent, and opaque material, whether plain, embossed, molded, or otherwise surface treated, which is in a form or condition ready for use in wearing apparel, and shall include film or sheeting exceeding 10 mils in thickness.(j) The term test means the application of the relevant test method prescribed in the procedures provided under section 4(a) of the Act.(k) [Reserved](l) The term finish type means a particular finish, but does not include such variables as changes in color, pattern, print, or design, or minor variations in the amount or type of ingredients in the finish formulation. Examples of finish types would be starch finishes, resin finishes or parchmentized finishes.(m) The definition of terms contained in section 2 of the Act shall be applicable also to such terms when used in rules promulgated under the act.[40 FR 59891, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 48683, Dec. 14, 1984]§1610.32 General requirements.(a) No article of wearing apparel or fabric subject to the act and regulations shall be marketed or handled if such article or fabric, when tested according to the procedures prescribed in section 4(a) of the act, is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when wornby individuals.(b) The provisions of §1610.4(g)(7) of the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles, relating to results of testing, shall be applied to tests of fabrics and articles of wearing apparel subject to the Standard. To compute the average time of flame spread for each set of five specimens, at least two of the specimens must ignite and burn the stop cord for the specimen. However, if fewer than two specimens of any given set of five ignite and burn the entire length of the specimen, test results shall be interpreted according to the provisions of paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section.(1) If no specimen ignites and burns the stop cord, the results of that test shall be regarded as Class 1 (passing).。
16-CFR-1610服用纺织品阻燃法规简介
16 CFR 1610 服用纺织品阻燃法规简介近年来，纺织品的阻燃性作为一项重要的安全性指标已经引起了世界各国的高度关注。
很多国家都对纺织品特别是服用纺织品的阻燃性能提出了要求，尤其是美国还制定了服用纺织品阻燃性法规–l6 CFR l610。
该法规的主要内容包括：阻燃性的测试方法、燃烧性能的等级、为服用纺织品设定的技术要求、使用不合适纺织品的警告(燃烧级别为 3 级的纺织品不适宜作服用纺织品)等内容。
CPSC（美国消费品安全委员会）作为美国政府的独立代理，负责该法规各方面的管理、实施、解释和必要的修订，并对生产商、进口商、发行商、零售商等所有有关部门和人员进行管理、监督和处罚。
我国出口美国的纺织品因阻燃性不合格而被处罚的现象屡见不鲜，这应引起我们的足够重视。
本文对美国 l6 CFR l610 法规中的服用纺织品阻燃要求进行简要的介绍。
1 测试方法1.1 适用范围通过对法规 CFR 1610，CFR 1611，CFR 1615，CFR 1616 不同的适用范围进行比较和分析，总结本法规的适用范围是：涂层或未涂层材料、胶片和纤维、整理剂或涂层中含有硝基的面料除外，幅宽在 2 in 以上，用于制作服装的面料。
免除测试的产品：帽子、手套、鞋类、夹层；免除测试的纤维和面料：克重大于 2.6 oz/yd2的光面织物；以腈纶、改性腈纶、锦纶、涤纶、羊毛、烯烃类纤维纯纺或相互混纺而成的织物（以上纤维与其他纤维的混纺织物不是免除测试的产品）。
1.2 测试原理以织物的燃烧速率进行评判：纺织品按规定的方法与火焰接触一定的时间后，移去火焰，测定织物续燃和阴燃的时间以及织物的损毁长度。
续燃和阴燃的时间越短，损毁长度越低，则织物的阻燃性能越好。
1.3 实验步骤1.3.1 预实验：根据面料的不同种类选择不同的预实验方法。
光面织物：长度和宽度方向各测试一个样品，然后选择燃烧最快的方向取 5 个样品；绒面织物：在逆绒的方向测试 5 个样品。
纺织品阻燃的测试标准和方法
1 概述所有的天然纤维素或再生纤维素纤维织物以及部分经整理或未经整理的其他天然或合成纤维织物都是可燃的，这些织物在接触明火源时，容易引起燃烧，由于其易燃性以及火焰的蔓延性等因素，致使一些可燃织物在制成服装供消费者使用时，会危及到消费者的安全。
鉴于以上原因，为保障财产和人身安全，避免或减少火灾造成的伤害和损失，各国针对织物及其制品的易燃性能制定了一系列法规和相关检测方法。
欧美、日本等国很早就对一系列纺织产品的燃烧性能进行了立法，包括服装用织物、睡衣、儿童睡衣、地毯、床垫、窗帘等，要求须经燃烧试验合格才能生产和使用；美国消费者产品安全委员会(CPSC)还立法规定凡在高层建筑、航空、海运、医院疗养院、群众集会场所及易燃工作区等使用的纺织品必须经耐燃测试合格。
本文主要介绍美国、加拿大、日本、欧洲及中国相应的技术法规、标准和主要测试方法。
2 纺织品燃烧性能技术法规与标准美国美国早在1953年就通过了《易燃织物法案》(FFA)，在1954年和1967年又进行了修订，并由美国消费者产品安全委员会(CPSC)强制执行(表1)。
表1的加拿大加拿大关于纺织阻燃性能的规定包含在危险品法规和条例当中，由加拿大卫生部负责派检查员强制执行(表2)。
表2中国(表3)表33 主要测试方法概述阻燃性能测试方法有多种，各国几乎都有自己的国家标准，不同种类织物有不同的测试方法，有些织物也可以用不同的测试方法来评价其阻燃性能。
传统上，按照织物试样放置的不同可分为垂直法、45°倾斜法、水平法。
本文介绍最常用的几种测试方法：垂直法、45°倾斜法、水平法和限氧指数法。
垂直法3.2.1 原理该种测试方法规定试样垂直放置(试样的长度方向与水平线垂直)，燃烧源在试样的下方引燃试样，测量试样的最小点燃时间、续燃时间、阻燃时间、火焰蔓延速度、碳化长度(损毁长度)、碳化面积(损毁面积)等与阻燃性能有关的指标，并据此来评定样品的阻燃性能级别或是否合格。
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ESQUEL ENTERPRISES LTD. / 溢达集团文件标题:可燃性测试 16 CFR PART 1610-200702 文件编号: GETLAB-QTS-CHF02 文件所属工厂/部门: GET LAB 生效日期：2007-7-20 文件类别: Ⅲ 第1页共 6 页修改: ASHLEY 职位: 职员 日期: 2007-7-19 审核: 王裕 职位: 助理经理 日期: 2007-7-19 批准:职位: 经理日期:2007-7-19(Any more review list is kept in DCC/更多的文件审核人员名保存在文控中心)This document is the property of Esquel Group; any information herein contained is confidential and only can be used for Esquel’s operation. C opy without authorization by QSM team or related ISO internal auditor, or other use thereof, whether directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited /此文件为溢达集团所拥有, 其中内容必须保密且为溢达使用。
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文件标题:可燃性测试 16 CFR PART 1610-CHF02200702生效日期: 2007-7-201、实验目的和使用范围1.1用三种等级来评定服装用纺织品的可燃性.1.2适用于服装和服装用纺织品. 不适用于帽类，手套，鞋类和夹层织物。
1.3 如下两类布不需要测试1.3.1 对于表面平滑的布（非磨毛、抓毛或起毛布），不管其纤维成分如何，如布重小于2.6oz/sq.yd(90g/sq.m)，则不需要测试。
1.3.2 对于所有100%由如下成分组成或完全由如下成分混合组成的布，不管是否抓、磨毛布，不管布重多少，均不需测试：腈纶（acrylic），变性聚丙稀睛纤维(modacrylic)，尼龙（nylon），olefin，涤纶（polyester）,羊毛（wool）。
2、评级方法2.1 正常可燃性，1级分两种情况,符合其中要求的纺织品，商业上通常被认为不具有异常的燃烧特性而可以接受。
2.1.1对于表面非磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，在洗涤前和/或洗涤后（干洗和水洗）进行测试，火焰蔓延时间（从点火到线断）≥3.5秒。
2.1.2对于表面磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，在洗涤前和/或洗涤后（干洗和水洗）进行测试，如果火焰蔓延时间＞7秒，或表面快速闪燃（在0到7秒内），但火焰的强度较低，不至于使底面燃烧或熔化。
2.2 中等可燃性，2级符合此级别要求的纺织品，商业上认为它具有介于正常可燃性和快速、强烈可燃性之间燃烧性能。
2.2.1对于表面磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，在洗涤前和/或洗涤后（干洗和水洗）进行测试，如果火焰蔓延时间在4-7秒之间（包括4秒和7秒），而且布的底面烧着或熔化。
2.3 快速并剧烈燃烧，3级分两种情况，此类纺织品被认为是具有危险的可燃性，不适合于服装之用。
2.3.1 对于表面没有磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，在洗水前和/或洗水后（干洗和水洗）进行测试，火焰蔓延时间少于3.5秒，2.3.2 对于表面磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，在洗水前和/或洗水后（干洗或水洗）进行测试，如果火焰蔓延时间少于4秒，而且火焰强烈以至于布的底面烧着或熔化。
3、测试方法3.1 测试样准备3.1.1 需准备五块尺寸为2″X 6″的试样3.1.2 对于无磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，需要测试的是火焰蔓延最快的一面的最快的一个方向。
因此必须先做试探性实验，先从纺织品剪不同方向的试样（操作中,取测试样经向两块,正反面各测试一块；纬向两块，正反面各测试一块）来确定火焰蔓延速度最快的方向和受验面（方法见4.6 ）；文件标题:可燃性测试 16 CFR PART 1610-CHF02200702生效日期: 2007-7-203.1.3 对于磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布,绒毛分布方向（抓磨毛方向）要平行于测试样长度方向。
对于有不同高度或密度的绒毛的布，则需从其中火焰蔓延速度最快的位置取样。
3.1.4 在确定实验面和实验方向的实验中，对点不燃或燃烧非常慢或经过阻燃整理的测试样，准备一块足够大的测试样进行洗涤（干洗和水洗），然后在洗涤后的布样上取试样进行测试。
3.1.5 在待测试面的反面的末端做标记标示燃烧最快的方向，然后剪切下待测试样。
3.2 燃烧性实验仪可燃性测实验仪由一通风箱体组成，包括有点燃装置、试样架（附试样夹）、自动定时器。
3.2.1 燃烧实验箱：规格为14.5″(宽)X 8.5″（深）X 14″（高）,箱内通风良好,在箱体前有11个0.5″长的通风气孔。
3.2.2 试样架：用来支持装有测试样的夹具，并使夹具成45º，试样架可沿轨道移动将夹具调节到正确位置。
3.2.3 试样夹具：由两块1/16″厚的金属板组成。
可将试样夹住，中间露出1.5″宽的整个长度方向,至少准备5个试样夹具。
3.2.4 试样位置指示杆：位于试样架的正前方，前后调节装有试样夹的试样架，当试样和指示杆平面相切时即可。
3.2.5 控制旋钮：可控制试样架沿轨道前后移动。
3.2.6 点火装置:当机器启动后，会从一26号针孔中喷出燃料后点火,针孔上方有一铜质护罩。
3.2.7 燃烧终止线：将一50号（约12支）纯棉丝光缝纫线通过试样夹和一重锤相连，缝纫线距离点火的中心点位置应正好为5″，用来记录测试样着火的时间。
3.2.8 滑轮：用来装燃烧终止线，以使缝纫线顺利导出。
3.2.9 燃烧终止重锤：和燃烧终止线相连，当缝纫线烧断时,重锤下落，终止计时。
3.2.10 滑门控制：使燃烧实验箱玻璃门沿滑轨打开，以送入测试夹。
3.2.11 玻璃滑门：位于燃烧实验箱的最前方，可沿凹槽开关。
3.2.12 燃料控制阀：通过灵敏的装置来控制燃料供应。
3.2.13 流量表：与控制阀一起调节燃料的流量。
3.2.14 c.p.丁烷容器：4号罐。
3.2.15 计时装置：火焰接触试样即开始计时，线烧断，重锤下坠终止计时。
3.2.16 燃气喷嘴启动杆：将启动杆从左拨到右，燃气喷嘴自动向右移动，给试样点火，1秒钟后燃气喷嘴自动弹回。
3.2.17 棉线：50号丝光棉缝纫线。
3.2.18 通风孔3.3 刷毛装置文件标题:可燃性测试 16 CFR PART 1610-CHF02200702生效日期: 2007-7-203.3.1 刷毛装置有一底座，脚板上装有一可沿两平行轨道拉动的小车(夹持测试夹之用)，毛刷用钉栓在一端固定在脚板上的铰链上，其静置的垂直重量是150克。
3.3.2 毛刷由两排直径为0.016″长0.75″尼龙鬃簇组成，每簇20根每英寸4簇。
在刷毛的过程中，测试夹可夹定在小车上。
3.3.3 当测试样固定在小车上后，提起毛刷，将小车推到轨道的最里端，然后将毛刷放在测试样上，匀速将小车拉往身边方向拉出来。
3.4 干洗对于3.1.4中所提到的需要进行干洗和水洗的试样，必须遵照以下程序进行干洗。
3.4.1 设备：干洗设备为一圆筒，最好是金属的，高约13″，直径约8.75″（容积约3加仑）,垂直安装在一与圆筒成50º角倾斜的中心旋转轴上，旋转速度为45～50转/分。
3.4.2 干洗程序：将加有270ml干洗皂液的四氯乙烯加入圆筒，至容积的1/3左右，将测试样和约12″X12″大小的精纺布共1磅放入圆筒，洗涤25分钟，倒出洗液；再重新加入不含干洗皂液的的四氯乙烯至容积的1/3，洗涤5分钟，倒出洗液，再加入不含干洗皂液的的四氯乙烯至容积的1/3，再洗涤5分钟，如此再重复一次，共3个5分钟洗涤，取出布样。
用适当的方法排除布样里的洗涤液，如用两层厚毛巾或两层吸水纸吸掉多余的溶剂。
然后放在室温下晾干。
3.4.3 干洗皂液的配制：将56克苛性碱（KOH）溶于100ml水。
再将340克油酸（oleic acid）、400ml干洗溶剂油（stoddard solvent 商业标准CS3-40级）、100ml叔丁醇（tertiary butylalcohol）或等量的丁基溶纤剂（butylcellosolve）混合配成混合溶液，再将氢氧化钾溶液缓慢倒入混合溶液中，同时不停搅拌。
3.5 水洗3.5.1 测试样经过干洗后，还必须在溶有0.5%中性皂片的中性皂液（软水溶解）中轻柔地洗5分钟，皂液重量应为测试样重的30倍，温度为60℃~38℃。
然后在27℃的水中清洗两次，然后脱水干燥。
然后再进行测试。
3.6 刷毛和烘干试样3.6.1 对于磨毛、抓毛或起毛的布，洗前或干洗和水洗后的试样需用刷毛装置逆抓磨毛方向刷毛一次，非抓磨毛布测试样则不需刷毛.再将每个测试样单独夹在试样夹上（其中一端必须紧靠在夹具凹槽的最里端）。
再水平放在105℃烘箱中烘30分钟,取出后置于无水CaCl的干燥器中冷却至少15分钟。
3.7 可燃性测试操作程序3.7.1 调节装有调试用试样夹的试样架，使指示杆平面和试样表面相切。
3.7.2 打开燃料控制阀门，约5分钟后点火，并调节控制阀使火焰长5/8″，即1.6厘米（量火焰的尖端到喷口的长度）。
3.7.3 将装好测试样的试样夹具从干燥器中取出，放在试样架上文件标题:可燃性测试 16 CFR PART 1610-200702CHF02生效日期: 2007-7-203.7.4 按规定引导好燃烧终止线和燃烧终止重锤相连,将定时器设为零，关闭实验箱门。
此测试必须在通风环境及室温下进行。
3.7.5 将启动杆推到最右边松手，燃气喷嘴向右移动，火焰接触试样，定时器开始计时，火焰和试样表面接触1秒，燃气喷嘴自动弹回，此点火必须在测试样从干燥器内取出后45秒内完成。
当火焰烧断燃烧终止线时，重锤下降定时器停止，准确记录测试样的火焰蔓延时间。