肯定祈使句和否定祈使句讲解与练习

高一升高二讲义

Lesson Four

一、自测单词和短语（汉译英、英译汉）

二、语法——祈使句

1. 祈使句的概念

祈使句是一种表达感情色彩如劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等的句子。因此，祈使句的

主语是you，但要省略。在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使

句子的语气更加缓和或客气。

例如：停！________________ 请帮帮我！________________________

2. 肯定祈使句

1）Do型，do指代一切动词的原形

如：过得愉快！___________________________________

停止！___________________________

听妈妈的话！________________________

2）Be型，以Be开头

如：保持安静！______________________

小心！_______________________

3）Let型，固定句型：Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

如：让我帮助你！______________________________

让他去吧！________________________________

3. 否定祈使句

1）Do型，在句首直接加Don’t.

如：Speak! ___________________________

Run! ___________________________

2）Be型，在句首直接加Don’t.

如：Be lazy! ___________________________

3）Let型，有两种结构：①Don’t let sb. do sth. ②Let sb. not do sth. 如：Let him call me. ______________________________/

_____________________________

4）No型，有两种结构：①No+ 名词②No+动词ing

如：不要拍照！_______________________/ _________________________ 不要吸烟！________________________/ ___________________________

练习1：将以下祈使句改为否定式：

1. Come here early.

2. Ask him.

3. Please wait for her.

4. Read the book carefully.

5. Sit under the tree, please.

6.Let’s go there together.

练习2：用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. It’s an important meeting. __________ (not, be )late.

2. ____________ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.

3. ____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and ________ (be) polite.

4. ____________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.

5. ____________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.

6. ____________ (look) out! A car is coming.

7. ____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.

8. ____________ (not, let) the baby cry.

9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.

10. Let’s ____________ (not, say) anything about it.

练习3：把下列句子变成祈使句。

1.You must arrive on time. _________________________________________

2.You can help your sister. _________________________________________

3.You have to keep quiet. __________________________________________

4.You can’t stop him. ___________________________________________

5.You mustn’t eat in class. _____________________________________________

三、经典段落背诵

Dear Jane,

How’s your summer vacation going? Are you studying hard, or are you having fun? I’m having a great time in Europe! My family and I are on a vacation in the mountains. I want to call you but my phone isn’t working, so I’m writing to you.

Dave

四、作业

1.及时复习今天的知识，并用肯定祈使句写五个句子，并把它们改为否定祈使句。

2.熟练背诵小段落。

3.背诵初二上册第四单元的单词,并制作生词表。