专业英语-隧道施工专业名词
隧道施工程术语(3篇)
第1篇1. 盾构（Shield）：一种在钢壳体保护下完成隧道掘进、拼装作业的机电一体化设备，由主机和后配套设备组成。
2. 工作井（Working shaft）：盾构组装、拆卸、调头、吊运管片和出碴土等使用的竖井，包括盾构始发工作井、盾构接收工作井等。
3. 盾构始发（Shield launching）：盾构开始掘进的施工过程。
4. 盾构接收（Shield arrival）：盾构到达接收位置的施工过程。
5. 盾构基座（Shield cradle）：用于支撑盾构机在掘进过程中的稳定装置。
6. 隧道衬砌（Tunnel lining）：隧道内壁的支护结构，包括初期支护和二次衬砌。
7. 初期支护（Primary support）：在隧道开挖过程中，为了确保围岩稳定而采取的临时性支护措施。
8. 二次衬砌（Secondary lining）：在初期支护的基础上，为了提高隧道结构整体性和耐久性而进行的永久性支护。
9. 盾构掘进（Shield excavation）：盾构机在掘进过程中，通过切割、挖掘和出土等工序完成隧道开挖的施工过程。
10. 盾构出土（Shield excavation spoil）：盾构机在掘进过程中，从隧道内挖掘出土并运出隧道外的土体。
11. 隧道通风（Tunnel ventilation）：为了保障隧道内施工人员和设备的安全，采取的通风措施，包括自然通风和机械通风。
12. 隧道照明（Tunnel lighting）：为了保证隧道内施工人员和设备的安全，采取的照明措施，包括临时照明和永久照明。
13. 隧道排水（Tunnel drainage）：为了排除隧道内积水，采取的排水措施，包括暗挖排水和明挖排水。
14. 隧道监测（Tunnel monitoring）：在隧道施工过程中，对围岩、支护结构、隧道内部环境等进行的监测，以确保施工安全和质量。
15. 隧道施工质量验收（Tunnel construction quality acceptance）：对隧道施工过程中的各个工序、分项工程和单位工程进行的质量检查和验收。
(完整版)工程英语词汇
(完整版)工程英语词汇一、基础工程词汇1. 工程：Engineering2. 项目：Project3. 设计：Design4. 施工：Construction5. 监理：Supervision6. 材料：Material7. 结构：Structure8. 质量：Quality9. 安全：Safety10. 进度：Schedule二、土木工程词汇1. 土壤：Soil2. 基础：Foundation3. 桥梁：Bridge4. 隧道：Tunnel5. 路面：Pavement6. 水利：Hydraulic Engineering7. 港口：Harbor8. 道路：Road9. 铁路：Railway10. 地铁：Subway三、建筑工程词汇1. 建筑物：Building2. 楼层：Floor3. 墙体：Wall4. 屋顶：Roof5. 窗户：Window6. 门：Door7. 楼梯：Stairs8. 幕墙： Curtain Wall9. 装修：Decoration10. 室内设计：Interior Design四、电气工程词汇1. 电路：Circuit2. 电线：Wire3. 开关：Switch4. 插座：Outlet5. 发电机：Generator6. 变压器：Transformer7. 电动机：Motor8. 电池：Battery9. 照明：Illumination10. 控制系统：Control System五、机械工程词汇1. 机械：Machine2. 零件：Part3. 轴承：Bearing4. 齿轮：Gear5. 润滑：Lubrication6. 紧固件：Fastener7. 焊接：Welding8. 冲压：Stamping9. 加工：Machining10. 装配：Assembly六、环境工程词汇1. 环境：Environment2. 污染：Pollution3. 废水：Wastewater4. 废气：Waste Gas5. 噪音：Noise6. 固体废物：Solid Waste7. 污染治理：Pollution Control8. 节能：Energy Saving9. 环保：Environmental Protection10. 可持续发展：Sustainable Development七、信息技术工程词汇1. 信息技术：Information Technology (IT)2. 网络：Network3. 服务器：Server4. 数据库：Database5. 编程：Programming6. 软件开发：Software Development7. 硬件：Hardware8. 云计算：Cloud Computing9. 大数据：Big Data八、化学工程词汇1. 化学反应：Chemical Reaction2. 流体力学：Fluid Mechanics3. 热力学：Thermodynamics4. 分离过程：Separation Process5. 反应器：Reactor6. 材料 science：Material Science7. 质量传递：Mass Transfer8. 能量传递：Energy Transfer9. 过程控制：Process Control10. 安全工程：Safety Engineering九、航空航天工程词汇1. 航空：Aeronautics2. 航天：Astronautics3. 飞行器：Aircraft4. 发射：Launch5. 航天器：Spacecraft6. 导航：Navigation7. 飞行控制系统：Flight Control System8. 火箭：Rocket9. 卫星：Satellite10. 航天站：Space Station十、生物医学工程词汇1. 生物医学：Biomedical2. 生物材料：Biomaterial3. 医疗设备：Medical Device4. 生物力学：Biomechanics5. 细胞工程：Cell Engineering6. 基因工程：Genetic Engineering7. 仿生学：Bionics8. 生物传感器：Biosensor9. 医学影像：Medical Imaging10. 组织工程：Tissue Engineering十一、项目管理词汇1. 项目管理：Project Management2. 项目经理：Project Manager3. 项目规划：Project Planning4. 项目预算：Project Budget5. 项目进度：Project Schedule6. 风险管理：Risk Management7. 质量管理：Quality Management8. 成本控制：Cost Control9. 团队协作：Team Collaboration10. 项目交付：Project Delivery十二、建筑信息模型(BIM)词汇1. 建筑信息模型：Building Information Modeling (BIM)2. 三维模型：3D Model3. 四维建模：4D Modeling（时间维度）4. 五维建模：5D Modeling（成本维度）5. BIM软件：BIM Software6. 模型协调：Model Coordination7. 数字化施工：Digital Construction8. BIM协作：BIM Collaboration9. 可视化：Visualization10. 仿真分析：Simulation Analysis十三、绿色建筑与可持续性词汇1. 绿色建筑：Green Building2. 可持续性：Sustainability3. 节能：Energy Efficiency4. 碳排放：Carbon Emission5. 绿色认证：Green Certification6. 生态设计：Esign7. 资源循环：Resource Recycling8. 生物多样性：Biodiversity9. 低影响开发：Low Impact Development (LID)10. 环境生命周期评估：Environmental Life Cycle Assessment十四、电子工程与自动化词汇1. 电子工程：Electronics Engineering2. 电路板：Circuit Board3. 集成电路：Integrated Circuit (IC)4. 传感器：Sensor5. 自动化：Automation6. 控制系统：Control System7. 技术：Robotics8. 伺服电机：Servo Motor9. 可编程逻辑控制器：Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)10. 工业互联网：Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)十五、地质工程与矿业词汇1. 地质工程：Geological Engineering2. 地层：Stratum3. 岩土工程：Geotechnical Engineering4. 钻探：Drilling5. 矿业：Mining6. 采掘：Excavation7. 岩石力学：Rock Mechanics8. 地下水：Groundwater9. 防滑坡：Landslide Prevention10. 矿物加工：Mineral Processing。
隧道专业英语词汇
铁路词汇铁路；铁道railway railroad铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway；state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line 客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length 列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limt for overhead contract wire；clearance limit for overhead catenary system；overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport；intermode transport 国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land-railway 国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre-feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase；design stage三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design竣工决算final accounts of completed project铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation；economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classificaion of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade 隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map 勘探exploration；prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring；exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test；laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement；engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；dydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL通航水位navigation water level；NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow分水岭watershed；dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level 设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway 测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection 平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation 曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed 一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade；minimum height of fill临界高度critical height基底foundation base；base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚toe of side slope护道berm取土坑borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material；embankment filler；filling material of embankment填料分类classification of filling material岩块填料rock block filler；rock filler；rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soil fill压实标准compacting criteria相对密度relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量optimum moisture content；best moisture content最佳密度optimum density；best density核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；chamher blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆waste bank；bankette；spoil bank挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile护墙guard wall护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井leaching well；seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；protective filter 检查井inspection well；manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course；insulating layer透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment；shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数ceofficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading conbination铁路桥railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge；flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder工形梁I-beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge拱桥arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch双铰拱two-hinged arch三铰拱three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid-spandrel arch空腹拱open-spandrel arch双曲拱two-way curved arch；cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi-track bridge正桥；主桥main bridge引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge 下承式桥through bridge双层桥double-deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径；跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder拱度camber挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨；吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate；tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam；transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效strain ageing碳当量carbon equivalent钢丝steel wire钢丝束bundled steel wires钢绞线steel strand钢筋reinforcement；steel bar箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋bent-up bar架立钢筋erection bar构造钢筋constructional reinforcement预应力筋tendon套管sheath梁腋haunch拱圈arch ring拱肋arch rib拱顶rach crown拱矢rise of arch起拱点springing拱腹soffit拱腹线intrados拱背钱extrados桥塔bridge tower；pylon索平面cable plane缆索cable斜缆stay cable；inclined cable吊缆suspension cable索鞍cable saddle索夹cable band；cable clamp锚座socket锚碇anchorage明桥面open deck；ballastless deck；open floor 桥梁道碴槽ballast trough道碴桥面ballasted deck；ballasted floor桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge桥梁护木guard timber of bridge桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge步行板foot plank避车台refuge platform伸缩缝expansion joint正交异性板orthotropic plate栏杆railing；handrail；handrailing泻水孔drainage opening直结轨道track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expension bearing；movable bearing平板支座plate bearing摇轴芝座rocker bearing滚轴支座roller bearing球面支座spherical bearing板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing；PTFE bearing涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation弛振galloping颤振flutter扰流板spoiler风嘴wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法launching method赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法catilever erection；erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution；free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method活动吊篮travelling cradle顶进法jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing method液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack桥梁下部结构substructure桥台abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutmentU形桥台U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身abutment body前墙front wall台帽abutment coping翼墙wing wall锥体护坡quadrant revetment；truncated cone banking台后填方filling behind abutment桥墩pier空心桥墩hollow pier实体桥墩solid pier重力式桥墩gravity pier柔性桥墩flexible pier拼装式桥墩assembly pier；pier constructed with precast units制动墩braking pier柱式桥墩column pierV形桥墩V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩round-ended pier圆形桥墩circular pier矩形桥墩rectangular pier排架式桥墩pile bent pier墩身pier body；pier shaft墩帽pier coping围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台bearing platform破冰体ice apron；ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard地基foundation；foundation soil；subgrade加固地基improved foundation；improved ground天然地基natural foundation；natural ground桥梁基础bridge foundation扩大基础spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavation foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson围堰cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation 预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础tubular column foundation桩基础pile foundation预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situ concrete pile 螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile钻孔桩bored pile挖孔桩dug pile钢桩steel pile钢管桩steel pipe pile钢板桩steel sheet pile板桩sheet pile木桩timber pile钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile砂桩sand pile挤密砂桩sand conpaction pile流砂quick sand；drift sand送桩pile follower试桩test pile斜桩batter pile；raking pile；spur pile护筒pile casting重锤夯实法heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting with tremie method 导流建筑物regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam河床铺砌river bed paving码头wharf排架bent脚手架scaffold悬空脚手架hanging stage；hanging scaffold铁路涵洞railway culvert涵洞孔径aperture of culvert管涵pipe culvert箱涵box culvert拱涵arch culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert明渠open channel；open ditch；open drain倒虹吸管inverted siphon潮汐河流tidal river淤积silting；siltation流冰ice drift铁路轮渡railway car ferries轮渡站ferry station轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge渡轮ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip铁路隧道railway tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel地铁车站subway station；metro station特长隧道super long tunnel长隧道long tunnel中长隧道medium tunnel短隧道short tunnel隧道群tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening隧道进口tunnel entrance隧道出口tunnel exit迎坡；正面坡front slope洞门tunnel portal洞门框tunnel portal frame端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal柱式洞门post tunnel portal翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal台阶式洞门bench tunnel portal正洞门orthonormal tunnel portal；straight tunnel portal斜洞门skew tunnel portal明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal；gallery portal衬砌lining拱圈arch边墙side wall仰拱invert；inverted arch底板floor整体式衬砌integral lining装配式衬砌precast lining；prefabricated lining模筑衬砌moulded lining洞口段衬砌lining of tunnel portal section偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining；eccentrically compressed lining 组合衬砌；复合衬砌composite lining初期支护primary support。
铁路隧道英语专业术语单词
铁路隧道英语专业术语单词铁路隧道railway tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel地铁车站subway station；metro station特长隧道super long tunnel长隧道long tunnel中长隧道medium tunnel短隧道short tunnel隧道群tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening隧道进口tunnel entrance隧道出口tunnel exit迎坡；正面坡front slope洞门tunnel portal洞门框tunnel portal frame端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal柱式洞门post tunnel portal翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal台阶式洞门bench tunnel portal正洞门orthonormal tunnel portal；straight tunnel portal斜洞门skew tunnel portal明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal；gallery portal衬砌lining拱圈arch边墙side wall仰拱invert；inverted arch底板floor整体式衬砌integral lining装配式衬砌precast lining；prefabricated lining模筑衬砌moulded lining洞口段衬砌lining of tunnel portal section偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining；eccentrically compressed lining组合衬砌；复合衬砌composite lining初期支护primary support二次衬砌secondary lining隔离层isolation layer喷锚衬砌shorcrete bolt lining下锚段衬砌；接触网锚段衬砌anchor-section lining挤压混凝土衬砌extruding concrete tunnel lining隔热层thermal insulation layer明洞open-cut tunnel；tunnel without cover；gallery拱形明洞arch open cut tunnel；arch tunnel without cover；arch gallery棚洞shed tunnel；shed gallery路堑式明洞cut-type open cut tunnel；cut-type tunnel without cover；cut-type gallery半路堑式明洞part cut-type open cut tunnel；part cut-type tunnel without cover；part cut-type gallery抗滑明洞anti-skid-type open cut tunnel；anti-skid-type tunnel without cover；anti-skid-type gallery盖板式棚洞slab shed tunnel；slab shed gallery刚架式棚洞framed shed tunnel；framed shed gallery悬臂式棚洞cantilever shed tunnel；cantilever shed gallery隧道专家系统expert system of tunnel围岩surrounding rock围岩压力pressure of surrounding rock地层压力ground pressure；stratum pressure松弛压力relaxation pressure形变压力deformation pressure围岩自承能力self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock坑道自稳时间self-stabilization time of tunnel弹性抗力elastic resistance灌浆压力grouting pressure落石冲击力impact force of falling stone隧道埋置深度；埋深buried depth of tunnel地温梯度geothermal dradient地应力crustal stress预留变形量deformation allowance暗挖法subsurface excavation method明挖法open-cut method矿山法mining method；mine tunneling method钻眼爆破法drilling and blasting method新奥法New Austrian Tunnelling Method；NATM喷锚构筑法shotcrete-bolt construction method掘进机法tunnel boring machine method盾构法shield method沉管法immersed tunnelling method地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method；underground wall method；diaphragm wall method全断面开挖法full-face tunnelling method分部开挖法partial excavation method台阶法benching tunnelling method正台阶法positive benching tunnelling method反台阶法negative benching tunnelling method导坑heading上下导坑法top and bottom heading method上导坑法top-heading method漏斗棚架法hopper-shed support tunnelling method蘑菇形开挖法mushroom-type tunnelling method侧壁导坑法side heading method单侧导坑法single side heading method双侧导坑法twin-side heading method品字形导坑法top and twin-side bottom heading method眼睛式开挖法spectacles type tunnelling method超前导坑advance heading扩大enlargement拉槽pull trough；trench excavated马口excavation of side wall at intervals控制爆破controlled blasting光面爆破smooth blasting预裂爆破presplit blasting先墙后拱法side wall first lining method先拱后墙法arch first lining method；flying arch method开挖工作面excavated surface；excavated work face超挖overbreak欠挖underbreak找顶top cleaning出碴mucking and removing有轨运输track transportation无规运输trackless transportation拱圈封顶closing the toop of lining墙顶封口seal；seal at the top of wall喷射混凝土回弹rebound of shotcrete隧道贯通tunnel holing-through隧道贯通误差tunnel through error隧道贯通面tunnel through plane临时支护temporary support构件支撑member support钢拱支撑steel arch support喷射混凝土支护shotcrete support锚杆支护anchor bolt support喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support系统锚杆system anchor bolt超前支护advance support超前锚杆advance anchor bolt插板支护inserting plate support；forepoling小导管预注浆pre-grouting with small duct管棚支护pipe-shed support；pipe roofing support格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱trellis arch；lattice arch喷射混凝土shotcrete；spray concrete干喷混凝土dry shotcreting湿喷混凝土wet shotcreting潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混凝土half set shotcreting喷射钢纤维混凝土steel fiber shotcrete；steel fiber reinforced shotcrete 防水混凝土waterproof concrete预切槽precutting trough辅助坑道service gallery竖井shaft斜井inlined shaft横洞transverse gallery平行导坑parallel heading横通道transverse passage-way调查坑道investigation gallery；survey tunnel竖井联系测量shaft connection survey隧道防水waterproofing of tunnel防水等级classification of waterproof防水层waterproof layer防水板waterproof board；waterproof sheet防水涂层waterproofing coating隧道压浆pressure grouting of tunnel止水带water stop tie盲沟blind ditch泻水洞drain cavern；drain tunnel隧道运营通风permanent ventilation of tunnel自然通风natural ventilation机械通风mechanical ventilation风道式通风ventilation by air passage隧道通风帘幕ventilation curtain列车活塞作用piston action of train隧道射流式通风tunnel efflux ventilation；tunnel injector type ventilation 隧道通风试验tunnel ventilation test隧道施工通风construction ventilation of tunnel风管式通风ventilation by pipes巷道式通风ventilation by ducts隧道照明tunnel illumination；tunnel lighting隧道防灾设施tunnel anti-disaster equipment避车洞refuge hole；refuge recess；refuge niche隧道火灾tunnel fire hazard隧道报警装置tunnel warning equipment隧道消防系统tunnel fire-fighting system隧道瓦斯爆炸tunnel gas explosion隧道监控量测tunnel monitoring measurement隧道地表沉降tunnel ground subsidence隧道拱顶下沉tunnel arch top settlement隧道底鼓tunnel floor heave隧道周边位移tunnel perimeter deflection隧道地中位移tunnel surrounding mass deflection隧道改建tunnel reconstruction隧道落底under cut of tunnel隧道挑顶top picking of tunnel隧道套拱cover arch of tunnel施工调查construction investigation施工准备construction preparation征地expropriation拆迁removing租地rented land交接桩delivery-receiving stake施工复测construction repetition；repetive survey；construction repetition survey测量放样staking out in survey土石方调配cut-fill transition土石方体积图；土积图volume diagram of earth-rock work隐蔽工程hidden project；hidden construction work废弃工程abandoned project；abandoned construction work工程运输engineering transportation冬季施工cold weather construction；winter season construction雨季施工raining season construction；rainy season construction工程招标calling for tenders of project；calling for tending of project工程投标bidding for project工程报价project quoted price工程发包contracting out of project工程承包contracting of project工程监理supervision of construction；supervision of project总预算total budget单项预算individual budget建筑业总产值total output of building industry指导性施工组织设计design for guiding construction organization；guiding design for construction scheme实施性施工组织设计design for practical construction organization；practical design ofr construction scheme；operative construction organization design临时工程temporary project大型临时工程large-scale temporary project小型临时工程small-scale temporary project过渡工程transition project控制工程dominant project关键工程key project辅助设施auxiliary facilities通车期限time limit for opening to traffic施工总工期total time of construction；total construction time施工组织方案construction scheme开工报告report on starting of construction work；commencement report of construction work；construction starting report竣工报告completion repport of construction work施工计划管理planned manangement of construction网络计划技术network planning technique施工工艺流程construction technology process；construction process工法制度construction method system施工产值construction output value施工利润construction profit施工机械利用率utilization ratio of construction machinery施工机械完好率ratio of construction machinery in good condition施工形象进度construction figuue progress；figurative progress of construction work挖掘机excavating machine；excavator单斗挖土机power shovel索铲挖土机dragline反铲挖土机backhoe蛤壳式抓斗clamshell bucket推土机bulldozer铲运机scoper；scraper；carrying scraper装载机loader带式输送机belt conveyer平地机grader振动碾压机vibration compactor vibration roller压路机roller潜孔钻机diving drill凿岩机air hammer drill；rock drill碎石机crusher挖沟机trench cutting machine；trenching machine；trencher塔式起重机tower crane；column crane汽车式起重机automobile crane；autocrane；truck crane轮胎式起重机rubber tired crane；rough-terrain crane履带式起重机crawler crane；caterpiller crane轨道起重机track crane；rail crane浮式起重机；浮吊floating crane缆索起重机cable crane空中索道aerial ropway电动卷扬机electric winch电动吊车；电动葫芦electric hoist千斤顶jack打桩机pile driver蒸汽打桩机steam pile driver；steam pile hammer柴油打桩机diesel pile driver液压打桩机hydraulic pile driver振动打桩机vibrating pile driver；vibratory driver振动沉拨桩机vibro-driver extractor静压力拨桩机static pressure pile extractor；static pressure pile drawing machine履带式桩架crawler pile frame旋转式钻机swiveling drill machine；rotary drill machine灌水钻机diving drill machine套管钻机drill machine with casting冲击式钻机impact-type drill machine；percussion type drill machine离心水泵centrifugal pump真空水泵vacuum pump深井水泵deep well pump轴流水泵axial flow pump清水泵driving pump往复式空气压缩机reciprocating compressor螺杆式空气压缩机screw compressor单转子滑片式空压机single rotary compressor水泥输送泵cement pump混凝土搅拌机concrete mixer鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机drum concrete mixer锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机tapered reverse tilting concrete mixer锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机tapered tilting concrete mixer强制式混凝土搅拌机forced concrete mixer混凝土搅拌楼concrete mixing plant简易混凝土搅拌站simple concrete mixing plant混凝土搅拌运输车concrete mixing and transporting car；truck mixer；transit mixer混凝土输送泵concrete pump混凝土泵车concrete pump truck混凝土吊斗concrete lifting bucket钢筋调直机bar straightener钢筋切断机bar cutter钢筋弯曲机bar bender钢筋冷拉机bar cold-drawing machine插入式混凝土振捣器immersion type vibrator for concrete附着式混凝土振捣器attached type vibrator for concrete；attached type vibrator平板式混凝土振捣器plate vibrator混凝土振动台concrete vibrating stand长线张拉台座stretching bed for longline production斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机cross stay derrick girder erecting machine全回转式架梁起重机full circle girderr erecting crane双悬臂式架桥机double cantilever girder-erecting machine单梁式架桥机single beam girder-erecting machine双梁式架桥机double beam girder-erecting machine组拼式架桥机assembly type girer-erecting machine造桥机bridge fabrication machine工程船舶engineering ship；engineering vessel舟桥bateau bridge浮箱floating box；pontoon万能杆件fabricated universal steel members模板form组合钢模板combined steel formwork滑动模板slip form爬升模板climbing shuttering砌拱支架；碗扣式脚手架soffit scaffolding风镐air pick；pneumatic pick凿岩台车；钻孔台车rock drilling jumbo立爪式装岩机vertical claw rock loader蟹爪式装岩机crab rock loader梭式矿车shutter car槽式列车bunker train电瓶车storage battery car斗车bucker loader大型矿车large scale ore car装岩机rock loader干喷混凝土机dry shotcreting machine湿喷混凝土机wet shotcreting machine半湿喷混凝土机half wet shotcreting machine喷射混凝土机械手shotcrete manipulator风动凿岩机pneumatic rock drill手持式凿岩机portable rock drill；jack hammer通风机ventilating set；ventilating machine；ventilator注浆机grouting machine；grouter注浆泵grouting pump；injection pump隧道衬砌模板台车working jumbo for tunnel lining；tunnelling shutter jumbo for tunnel lining 隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine；TBM盾构shield接触网架线车installation vehicle for contact wire接触网作业车operation vehicle for contract wire自卸汽车dumping truck斗式提升机bucket elevator安全技术措施safety techincal measures安全教育safety education事故报告accident report灾害性地质disaster geology突泥projecting mud soil突水gushing water冒顶roof fall岩爆rock burst瓦斯突出gas projection瓦斯浓度gas density；gas consistency掏底开挖；挖神仙土cut the vertical earthwork bottom施工防护construction protection线路封锁track blockade；closure of track；traffic interruption 防护音响信号protecting acoustic signal覆盖防护covered protection。
隧道施工规范术语
1.隧道掘进机（tunnel boring machine) 一种机械化的隧道掘进设备，有单臂，两臂以及全断面等各种机型。
2.围岩自稳时间（rock-self stability time) 围岩再开挖暴露后，无需进行任何支护的情况下，能够自行持续稳定的时间。
3.松散应力（loosening pressure) 隧道开挖后，围岩发生松弛变形，出现松动和空隙，形成部分松散的岩体，作用于支护的荷载（压力）4.形变压力（clastic pressure)隧道开挖后，围岩周边发生变形，而作用于支护结构上的压力。
5.全断面开挖法（full face excavation method) 采用全断面一次开挖成型的施工方法。
6.正台阶法（bench cut method) 先开挖上半断面，待开挖至一定距离后再同时开挖下半断面的施工方法。
根据上半断面超前距离的不同，可分为长台阶法、短台阶法及微台阶法。
7.环形开挖预留核心土法（ring cut method) 先开挖上部导坑成环形，并进行支护，再分部开挖中部核心土、两侧边墙的施工方法。
8.双侧壁导坑法（both side drift method) 先开挖隧道两侧的导坑，并进行初期支护，再分部开挖剩余部分的施工方法。
9.中测法（center drift excavcation method) 再连拱隧道或单线隧道的喇叭口地段，先开挖两洞之间立柱（或中墙）部分，并完成立柱（或中墙）混凝土浇筑后，再进行左右两洞开挖的施工方法。
10.中隔壁法（CD法）（center diagram method ）在软弱围岩大跨隧道中，先开挖隧道的一侧，并施作中隔壁墙，然后在分部开挖隧道的另一侧的施工方法。
11.交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）center cross diagram method 在软弱围岩大跨隧道中，先开挖隧道的一侧的一或二部分，施作部分中隔墙，再开挖隧道另一侧的一或二部分，然后再开挖最先施工一侧的最后部分，并延长中隔壁墙，最后开挖剩余部分的施工方法。
专业英语-隧道施工专业名词
隧道工程相关专业英语词汇隧道 tunnel●隧道工程 tunnel engineering●铁道隧道 railway tunnel●公路隧道 highway tunnel●地铁隧道 subway tunnel ; underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel●人行隧道 pedestrian tunnel●水工隧洞 ;输水隧道 hydraulic tunnel●山岭隧道 mountain tunnel●水下隧道 subaqueous tunnel●海底隧道 ;水下隧道 submarine tunnel;underwater tunnel●土质隧道 earth tunnel●岩石隧道 rock tunnel●浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel ;shallow burying tunnel●深埋隧道 deep tunnel;deep-depth tunnel ; deep burying tunnel ●偏压隧道 unsymmetrical loading tunnel●马蹄形隧道 ;拱形隧道 horse-shoe tunnel ; arch tunnel●圆形隧道 circular tunnel●矩形隧道 rectangular section tunnel●大断面隧道 largecross-section tunnel●长隧道 long tunnel●双线隧道 twin-track tunnel ; double track tunnel●曲线隧道 curved tunnel●明洞 open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery隧道施工方法 tunnel construction method●钻爆法 drilling and blasting method●新奥法 natm;new austrian tunnelling method●盾构法 shield driving method;shield method●顶进法 pipe jacking method ; jack-in method●浅埋暗挖法 sallow buried-tunnelling method●明挖法 cut and cover tunneling;open cut method●地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall method;underground wall method●冻结法 freezing method●沉埋法 immersed tube method●管棚法 pipe-shed method隧道勘测 tunnel survey●超前探测 drift boring●工程地质勘测 ;工程地质勘探 engineering geological prospecting●隧道测量 tunnel survey●施工测量 construction survey●断面测量 section survey●隧道设计 tunnel design●隧道断面 tunnel section●安全系数 safety coefficient●隧道力学 tunnel mechanics●隧道结构 tunnel structure ●隧道洞口设施 facilities of tunnel portal●边墙 side wall●拱顶 arch crown●拱圈 tunnel arch●仰拱 inverted arch●底板 base plate;floor●隧道埋深 depth of tunnel●隧道群 tunnel group●隧道施工 tunnel construction●隧道开挖 tunnel excavation●分部开挖 partial excavation●大断面开挖 large cross-section excavation●全断面开挖 full face tunnelling●开挖面 excavated surface围岩压力 ground pressure;●surrounding rock pressure●围岩变形 surrounding rock deformation●围岩破坏 surrounding rock failure●软弱围岩 weak surrounding rock支护 support●锚喷支护 anchor bolt-spray support●锚杆支护 anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support ●喷射混凝土支护 ;喷射砼支护 shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support●配筋喷射混凝土支护 ;配筋喷射砼支护 reinforced sprayed concrete support●钢架喷射混凝土支护 ;钢架喷射砼支护 rigid-frame shotcrete support●掘进工作面支护 excavation face support●超前支护 advance support●管棚支护 pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support●胶结型锚杆 adhesive anchor bolt●砂浆锚杆 mortar bolt●树脂锚杆 resin anchored bolt●摩擦型锚杆 friction anchor bolt●楔缝式锚杆 slit wedge type rock bolt●涨壳式锚杆 expansion type anchor bolt●机械型锚杆 mechanical anchor bolt●预应力锚杆 prestressed anchor bolt●土层锚杆 soil bolt 岩石锚杆 rock bolt衬砌 lining●整体式衬砌 integral tunnel lining;integral lining●拼装式衬砌 precast lining●组合衬砌 composite lining●挤压混凝土衬砌 shotcrete tunnel lining ;extruding concrete tunnel lining●混凝土衬砌 ;砼衬砌 concrete lining●喷锚衬砌 shotcrete and bolt lining;shotcrete bolt lining隧道通风 tunnel ventilation●施工通风 construction ventilation●运营通风 operation ventilation●机械通风 mechanical ventilation●自然通风 natural ventilation●隧道射流式通风 efflux ventilation for tunnel ;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation●隧道通风帘幕 curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain ●通风设备 ventilation equipment隧道照明 tunnel illuminationtunnel lighting照明设备 lighting equipment隧道防水 tunnel waterproofing;waterproofing of tunnel●防水板 waterproofing board;waterproof board;waterproof sheet ●防水材料 waterproof material●隧道排水 tunnel drainage●排水设备 drainage facilites●隧道病害 tunnel defect●衬砌裂损 lining split;●隧道漏水 water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak●坍方 landslide;slip●地面塌陷 land yielding●涌水 gushing water●隧道养护 tunnel maintenance●堵漏 leaking stoppage●注浆 grouting●化学注浆 chemical grouting●防寒 cold-proof●整治 regulation●限界检查 clearance examination;checking of●clearance;clearance check measurement●隧道管理系统 tunnelling management system●隧道环境 tunnel environment隧道试验 ;隧道实验 tunnel test●试验段 ;实验段 test section●隧道监控量测 ;隧道监控测量 tunnel monitoring measurement ●收敛 convergence●隧道安全 tunnel safety●隧道防火 tunnel fire proofing●火灾 fire hazard●消防 fire fighting●隧道防灾设施 tunnel disaster prevention equipment;tunnel anti-disaster equipment●报警装置 ;报警器 alarming device;warning device●通过隧道 passing tunnel●避车洞 refuge hole●避难洞 ;避车洞 refuge recess;refuge hole电气化铁道工程 ;电气化铁路工程 electrified railway construction●直流电气化铁道 dc electrified railway●交流电气化铁道 ;交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway●低频电气化铁道 low frequency electrified railway●工频电气化铁路 industry frequency electrified railway●电压制 voltage system●电流制 current system。
隧道英语词汇
隧道掘进机 tunnel boring machine围岩自稳时间 rock-self stability time松散压力 loosing pressure形变压力 clastic pressure全断面开挖法 full face excavation method正台阶法 bench cut method环形开挖预留核心土法 ring cut method双侧壁导坑法 both side drift method中洞法 center drift excavation method中隔壁法( CD 法) center diagram method交叉中隔壁法( CRD 法) center cross diagram method 岩爆 rock burst浅孔爆破 short hole blasting深孔爆破 long hole blasting光面爆破 smooth blasting预裂爆破 presplitting锚喷支护 shotcrete and rock bolt support钢架 steel frame or beam support超前支护 advanced support管棚 pipe-roof protection小导管预注浆 small pipe-roof protection超前锚杆 pioneer rock bolt预注浆 pioneer grouting回填注浆 back filling grouting干喷 dry shotcrete初喷 first shotcrete ( aplication of first shotcrete )复喷 subsequent shotcrete ( aplication of shotcrete )锚杆 rock bolt中岩墙(中岩柱、中夹岩) wall of rock in neighborhood tunnel 监控量测 monitoring measurement超前地质预报 geological prediction瓦斯 gas瓦斯浓度 gas concentration围岩 surrounding rock围岩压力 surrounding rock pressure围岩分级 surrounding rock classification初始地应力场 initial ground-stress field作用 action荷载 load容许应力设计法 allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method概率极限状态设计法 probability limit state design method 可靠性 reliability设计基准期 design relerence period安全等级 safty classes承载能力极限状态 ultimate limit states正常使用极限状态 service-ability limit states可靠指标 reliability index失效概率 probability of structural failure作用代表值 representative value of actions作用标准值 characteristic value of actions作用设计值 design value of actions作用效应 effects of actions作用的组合 combination of actions材料性能标准值 characteristic value of a material property 几何参数标准值 nominal value of geometrical parameter 几何参数设计值 design value of geometrical parameter 分项系数 partial coefficient抗力 reaction地震动参数 seismic ground motion parameter地震动峰值加速度 seismic peak ground acceleration公路隧道 road tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel岩石质量指标 Rock Quality Designation(RQD)岩体分级 rock mass classification环境调查 environmental survey水文调查 hydrological survey地质调查 geological survey隧道涌水 water inflow into tunnel偏压 unsymmetrical pressure新奥法 NATM(New AustrianTunnelingMethod) 净空断面(内轮廓) inner section洞门 portal衬砌 lining仰拱 invert小净距隧道 neighburhood tunnel联拱隧道 multi-arch tunnel竖井 vertical shaft斜井 incline, incline shaft横通道 horizontal adit超前导坑 advancing drift通风 ventilation照明 lighting地铁 metro ，underground railway ， subway 设计使用年限 designed lifetime运营概念 operation concept旅行速度 operation speed限界 gauge正线 main line辅助线 assistant line联络线 connecting line试车线 testing line轨道结构 track structure轨距 gauge of track无缝线路 seamless track整体道床 monolithic track-bed路基 subgrade车站公共区 public zone of station站台计算长度 computed length of platform无缝线路纵向水平力 longitudinal horizontal force of seamless track 无缝线路断轨力 broken rail force of seamless track明挖法 cut and cover盖挖顺筑法盖挖逆筑法 cover andcut-topdown矿山法 mining method盾构法 shield method沉管法 immersed tube method防水等级 grade of waterproof变形缝 deformatio joint刚柔结合的密封区 rigid-flexible joint of sealed zone 开式运行 open made operation闭式运行 close made operation活塞通风 piston action ventilation合流制排放 combined sewer system集中式供电 centralized power supply mode分散式供电 distibuted power supply mode混合式供电 combined power supply mode主变电所 high volyage substation牵引降压混合变电所 combined substation杂散电流 stray current同步数字传输系统 synchronous digital hierarchy transmission system(SDH) 全球定位系统 global position system(GPS)列车自动控制 automatic traincontrol(ATC)列车自动监控 automatic train supervision(ATS)列车自动防护 automatic trainprotection(ATP)列车自动运行 automatic trainoperation(ATO)调度集中 centralized traffic control(CTC)自动人行道 moving pavement自动售检票系统 automatic fare collection火灾自动报警系统 fire alarmsystem(FAS)区域报警系统 local alarm system集中报警系统 remote alarm system环境与设备监控系统 building automatic system (BAS)系统集成 system integration(SI)运营控制中心 operation control center(OCC)集中监控和管理 concentration supervisory control and management 车辆段 depot停车场 stabling yard检修修程 examine and repair program检修周期 examine and repair period湿陷性黄土 collapsible loess非湿陷性黄土 noncollapsible loess自重湿陷性黄土 loess collapsible under overburden pressure非自重湿陷性黄土 loess noncollapsible under overburden pressure 新近堆积黄土 recently deposited loess压缩变形 compression deformation湿陷变形 collapse deformation湿陷起始压力 initial collapse pressure湿陷系数 coefficient of collapsibility自重湿陷系数 coefficient of collapsibility under overburden pressure 自重湿陷量的实测值 measured collapse under overburden presure 自重湿陷量的计算值 computed collapse under overburden湿陷量的计算值 computed collapse剩余湿陷量 remnant collapse防护距离 protection distance防护范围 area of protection隧道工程 tunnel engineering隧道 tunnel铁路隧道；铁道隧道 railway tunnel公路隧道 highway tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunnel;underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel人行隧道 pedestrian tunnel水工隧洞；输水隧道 hydraulic tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel水下隧道 subaqueous tunnel海底隧道 ;水下隧道 submarine tunnel;underwater tunnel土质隧道 earth tunnel岩石隧道 rock tunnel浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel;shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel;deep-depth tunnel;deep burying tunnel偏压隧道 unsymmetrical loading tunnel马蹄形隧道；拱形隧道 horse-shoe tunnel;arch tunnel圆形隧道 circular tunnel矩形隧道 rectangular section tunnel大断面隧道 largecross-section tunnel长隧道 long tunnel双线隧道 twin-track tunnel;double track tunnel曲线隧道 curved tunnel明洞 open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery 隧道勘测 tunnel survey超前探测 drift boring工程地质勘测；工程地质勘探 engineering geological prospecting隧道测量tunnel survey施工测量construction survey断面测量section survey隧道设计tunnel design隧道断面tunnel section安全系数safety coefficient隧道力学tunnel mechanics隧道结构tunnel structure隧道洞口设施 facilities of tunnel portal 边墙 side wall拱顶 archcrown拱圈 tunnel arch仰拱 inverted arch底板 base plate;floor隧道埋深 depth of tunnel隧道群 tunnel group隧道施工 tunnel construction隧道开挖 tunnel excavation分部开挖 partial excavation大断面开挖 large cross-section excavation全断面开挖 full face tunnelling开挖面 excavated surface隧道施工方法 tunnel construction method钻爆法 drilling and blasting method新奥法 natm;new austrian tunnelling method 盾构法 shield driving method;shield method顶进法 pipe jacking method;jack-in method浅埋暗挖法 sallow buried-tunnelling method明挖法 cut and cover tunneling;open cut method地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall method;underground wall method 冻结法 freezing method沉埋法 immersed tube method管棚法 pipe-shed method综合机械化掘进 comprehensive mechanized excavation辅助坑道 auxiliary adit;service gallery平行坑道 parallel adit竖井 shaft斜井 sloping shaft;inclined shaft导坑 heading衬砌工艺 lining process喷锚；锚喷 anchor bolt spray;anchor bolt-spray 管段 tube section接缝joint地层加固 reinforcing of natural ground弃碴 ballast piling施工监控 construction monitor control超挖overbreak欠挖 underbreak施工进度 construction progress隧道贯通 tunnel holing-through工期 work period隧道施工机械 tunnel construction machinery隧道掘进机 tunnelling machine;tunnel boring machine;tbm单臂掘进机 single cantilever tunnelling machine全断面掘进机 full face tunnel boring machine隧道钻眼爆破机械 machine for tunnel drilling and blasting operation 装碴运输机械 loading-conveying ballast equipment衬砌机械 lining mechanism钢模板 steel form模板台车 formworking jumbo混凝土喷射机；砼喷射机 concrete sprayer盾构 shield泥水盾构 slurry shield气压盾构 air pressure shield挤压闭胸盾构 shotcrete closed shield土压平衡盾构 soil pressure balancing shield 注浆机械 grouting machine凿岩机 rock drilling machine;air hammer drill 凿岩台车 drill jumbo;rock drilling jumbo围岩 surrounding rock围岩分类围岩加固围岩稳定围岩应力围岩压力山体压力围岩变形围岩破坏surroundingsurroundingsurroundingsurroundingrock classificationrock consolidationrock stabilityrock stresspressure of surroundingrock;围岩压力 ground pressure;surrounding rock pressure surrounding rock deformationsurrounding rock failure软弱围岩 weak surrounding rock支护 support锚喷支护 anchor bolt-spray support锚杆支护 anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support喷射混凝土支护；喷射砼支护 shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support 配筋喷射混凝土支护；配筋喷射砼支护 reinforced sprayed concrete support 钢架喷射混凝土支护；钢架喷射砼支护 rigid-frame shotcrete support掘进工作面支护 excavation face support超前支护 advance support管棚支护 pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support胶结型锚杆 adhesive anchor bolt砂浆锚杆 mortar bolt树脂锚杆 resin anchored bolt摩擦型锚杆 friction anchor bolt楔缝式锚杆 slit wedge type rock bolt涨壳式锚杆 expansion type anchor bolt机械型锚杆 mechanical anchor bolt预应力锚杆 prestressed anchor bolt土层锚杆 soil bolt岩石锚杆 rock bolt衬砌 lining整体式衬砌 integral tunnel lining;integral lining拼装式衬砌 precast lining组合衬砌 composite lining挤压混凝土衬砌；挤压砼衬砌 shotcrete tunnel lining;extruding concrete tunnel lining 混凝土衬砌；砼衬砌 concrete lining喷锚衬砌 shotcrete and bolt lining;shotcrete bolt lining隧道通风 tunnel ventilation施工通风 construction ventilation运营通风 operation ventilation机械通风 mechanical ventilation自然通风 natural ventilation隧道射流式通风；隧道射流通风 efflux ventilation for tunnel;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation隧道通风帘幕 curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain通风设备 ventilation equipment隧道照明 tunnel illumination;tunnel lighting照明设备 lighting equipment隧道防水 tunnel waterproofing;waterproofing of tunnel防水板 waterproofingboard;waterproof board;waterproof sheet防水材料隧道排水排水设备隧道病害waterproof material tunnel drainage drainage facilites tunnel defect衬砌裂损 lining split;lining **ing隧道漏水 water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak 坍方 landslide;slip地面塌陷 land yielding涌水 gushing water隧道养护 tunnel maintenance堵漏 leaking stoppage注浆grouting化学注浆 chemical grouting防寒 cold-proof整治 regulation限界检查 clearance examination;checking of clearance;clearance check measurement 隧道管理系统 tunnelling management system隧道环境 tunnel environment隧道试验；隧道实验 tunnel test试验段；实验段 test section隧道监控量测；隧道监控测量 tunnel monitoring measurement收敛 convergence隧道安全 tunnel safety隧道防火 tunnel fire proofing火灾 fire hazard消防 fire fighting隧道防灾设施 tunnel disaster prevention equipment;tunnel anti-disaster equipment 报警装置；报警器 alarming device;warning device通过隧道 passing tunnel避车洞 refuge hole避难洞；避车洞 refuge recess;refuge hole电气化铁道工程；电气化铁路工程 electrified railway construction电气化铁道；电气化铁路 electrified railway直流电气化铁道 dc electrified railway交流电气化铁道 ;交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway低频电气化铁道 low frequency electrified railway工频电气化铁道；工频电气化铁路 industry frequency electrified railway电压制 voltage system电流制 current system。
隧道常用英语词汇
隧道施工英语常用词汇Karstterrains卡斯特地形Flysch复理石Limestone石灰岩Sensitive敏感的Beproneto倾向于Footanchors/lockbolts锁脚锚杆Systemanchors系统锚杆Upperandlowerbenches上下台阶（temporary）invertedarch（临时）仰拱Surroundrock围岩Shotcrete喷混Steelrib/arch钢拱架Latticegirder钢格栅Piperoof管棚Weld焊接Wiremesh钢筋网片Excavationface掌子面Deep（shallow）buried深（浅）埋Overburden埋深Softened软化Mechanical机械的力学的（Poor）self-stability(弱的)自稳性Geological地质的Advancesupport（smallcatheter）超前支护（小导管）Groundwater地下水Spacingcircumferencial*longitudinal环向间距*纵向间距Deformationtolerance预留变形量Supporttype（measure）支护形式（措施）Excavation开挖Grouting注浆Wasteremoval出渣Drillingandblastingmethod钻爆法Benchstepping台阶开挖Cutandcover明洞Naturalgroundline原始地面线Theoreticalexcavationprofile理论开挖轮廓线Cut/excavation挖方Fill填方Cutandfill半填半挖Slope边坡（side/frontslope边仰坡）Scale比例Portal洞门Cross/longitudinalsection横/纵断面Flexiblesupport柔性支护（锚喷支护）Stiffsupport刚性支护Length/width/height/depth/thickness长/宽/高/深/厚Strength/stiffness/stability强度/刚度/稳定性WORD格式Hardness硬度Density密度Unitweight容重Tensile/compressivestrength抗拉/抗压强度Heat/acid/alkaliresistance抗火/酸/碱性Flammability可燃性Workability和易性Durability耐久性Water/cementratio水灰比Material材料Cement水泥Concrete混凝土Asphalt/bitumen沥青Lime石灰Bolt/nut螺栓/螺母Guidetube导向管Diameter直径Radial半径Cushion垫层Equipment设备Bulldozer推土机Excavator挖掘机Loader装载机Dumptruck自卸车Wetspraymechinary湿喷机Aircompressor空压机Transformer变压器Electricgenerator发电机Explosive炸药Magazine炸药库Initialstressstate初始应力状态Redistributedstress应力重分布Initial（primary）support/inner（secondary）lining初衬/二衬Drainage排水Waterproofing防水的Groundwater地下水Waterproofslab/rubberseal防水板/橡胶止水带（接缝处）Circumstantial/longitudinal/transverse/centraldrainagepipe环向/纵向/横向/中央排水管PPgeotextilePP土工布Expansionjointwaterstop,external背贴式止水带Expansionjointwaterstop,internal中埋式止水带Revisionshaft检查井（检查中央排水管用）Waterabsorption吸水性Permeability渗透性Advancedgeologicalprediction超前地质预报Minimum/maximum最小/最大Pre-cast预制Cast-in-site现浇Cave/cavity洞Grouting注浆Backfilling回填Lighting/power/ventilation照明/电力/通风Horizontal/vertical水平/竖直hazardousgases(CO2,CO,NO,NO2)有害（危险）气体pump泵Employer's/technologyRequirements业主/技术要求Instrument仪器Level水准仪Tape卷尺Saw锯Ladder梯子Scaffold脚手架Knife小刀Vice钳子Hammer榔头Shovel铲子Bucket桶Dieseloil柴油Gasoline汽油Clearanceprofile净空Eccentriccompressiontunnel偏压隧道Construction/settlement/expansionjoints施工/沉降/伸缩缝Maintunnel主洞Pedestrian/vehiclecrosspassageways人行/车行横洞Circumstantial/longitudinal/transverse/centraldrainagepipe环向/纵向/横向/中央排水管Stonecrushingplant碎石场Concretemixingstations混凝土拌合站Explosivestorage炸药库Blastingoperation爆破作业Fireextinguishers灭火器Weatheredrock风化岩石Two/three-shaftsystem两/三班制Foundationpit基坑Cave-in塌方Watersurging(surge)涌水Electricshock触电Ambulance救护车Medicalstaff医护人员Alarmsystem警报系统Boundary边界Ongoing进行中Surfacesettlement/subsidence地表沉降Weathering风化作用Overbreak超挖WORD格式Formworktrolley二衬台车Vibrator振动器Bentonite膨润土Topographicdrawing地形图Coverarch套拱Self-drillinghollowanchorbar自进式锚杆IBOPlain/ribbedbar圆钢/螺纹钢Lagging套拱Waterinflow涌水量Overbreak超挖Sampling取样Specimen样品Optimal最佳的Surveymark/kilometerage桩号/里程Preliminarydesign初步设计Toxic有毒的Scaffold脚手架。
隧道工程英语专业词汇
隧道工程英语专业词汇隧道工程tunnel engineering隧道tunnel铁路隧道railway tunnel公路隧道highway tunnel地铁隧道subway tunnel;underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel 人行隧道pedestrian tunnel水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel输水隧道raulic tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel水下隧道subaqueous tunnel海底隧道水下隧道submarinetunnel;underwater tunnel 土质隧道earth tunnel岩石隧道rock tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel;shallow-depthtunnel;s hallow burying tunnel深埋隧道deeptunnel;deep-depthtunnel;dee p burying tunnel偏压隧道unsymmetrical loading tunnel马蹄形隧道拱形隧道horse-shoe tunnel;arch tunnel圆形隧道circular tunnel矩形隧道rectangular section tunnel 大断面隧道largecross-section tunnel长隧道long tunnel双线隧道twin-track tunnel;double track tunnel曲线隧道curved tunnel明洞open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery隧道勘测tunnel survey超前探测drift boring工程地质勘测工程地质勘探engineering geological prospecting隧道测量tunnel survey施工测量construction survey断面测量section survey隧道设计tunnel design隧道断面tunnel section安全系数safety coefficient隧道力学tunnel mechanics隧道结构tunnel structure隧道洞口设施facilities of tunnel portal 边墙side wall拱顶arch crown拱圈tunnel arch 仰拱inverted arch底板base plate;floor隧道埋深depth of tunnel隧道群tunnel group隧道施工tunnel construction隧道开挖tunnel excavation分部开挖partial excavation大断面开挖large cross-section excavation全断面开挖full face tunnelling开挖面excavated surface隧道施工方法tunnel construction method 钻爆法drilling and blasting method 新奥法natm;newaustriantunnelling method盾构法shield driving method;shield method顶进法pipe jacking method;jack-in method浅埋暗挖法sallow buried-tunnelling method明挖法cut and cover tunneling;open cut method地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method;underground wall method冻结法freezing method沉埋法immersed tube method管棚法pipe-shed method综合机械化掘进comprehensive mechanized excavation辅助坑道auxiliary adit;service gallery 平行坑道parallel adit竖井shaft斜井sloping shaft;inclined shaft 导坑heading衬砌工艺lining process喷锚锚喷anchor bolt spray;anchor bolt-spray管段tube section接缝joint地层加固reinforcing of natural ground 弃碴ballast piling施工监控construction monitor control 超挖overbreak欠挖underbreak施工进度construction progress隧道贯通tunnel holing-through工期work period隧道施工机械tunnel construction machinery隧道掘进机tunnellingmachine;tunnelbor ing machine;tbm单臂掘进机single cantilever tunnelling machine全断面掘进机full face tunnel boring machine隧道钻眼爆破机械machine for tunnel drilling and blasting operation装碴运输机械loading-conveying ballast equipment衬砌机械lining mechanism钢模板steel form模板台车formworking jumbo混凝土喷射机砼喷射机concrete sprayer盾构shield泥水盾构slurry shield气压盾构air pressure shield挤压闭胸盾构shotcrete closed shield 土压平衡盾构soil pressure balancing shield 注浆机械grouting machine凿岩机rock drilling machine;air hammer drill凿岩台车drill jumbo;rock drilling jumbo围岩surrounding rock围岩分类surrounding rock classification围岩加固surrounding rock consolidation围岩稳定surrounding rock stability围岩应力surrounding rock stress围岩压力pressure of surrounding rock 山体压力围岩压力ground pressure;surrounding rock pressure围岩变形surrounding rock deformation围岩破坏surrounding rock failure软弱围岩weak surrounding rock支护support锚喷支护anchor bolt-spray support 锚杆支护anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support喷射混凝土支护喷射砼支护shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support配筋喷射混凝土支护配筋喷射砼支护reinforced sprayed concrete support钢架喷射混凝土支护钢架喷射砼支护rigid-frame shotcrete support掘进工作面支护excavation face support超前支护advance support管棚支护pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support胶结型锚杆adhesive anchor bolt砂浆锚杆mortar bolt树脂锚杆resin anchored bolt摩擦型锚杆friction anchor bolt楔缝式锚杆slit wedge type rock bolt涨壳式锚杆expansion type anchor bolt 机械型锚杆mechanical anchor bolt预应力锚杆prestressed anchor bolt土层锚杆soil bolt岩石锚杆rock bolt衬砌lining整体式衬砌integral tunnel lining;integral lining拼装式衬砌precast lining组合衬砌composite lining挤压混凝土衬砌挤压砼衬砌shotcrete tunnellining;extruding concrete tunnel lining混凝土衬砌砼衬砌concrete lining喷锚衬砌shotcrete and boltlining;shotcrete bolt lining 隧道通风tunnel ventilation施工通风construction ventilation运营通风operation ventilation机械通风mechanical ventilation自然通风natural ventilation隧道射流式通风隧道射流通风efflux ventilation for tunnel;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation隧道通风帘幕curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain 通风设备ventilation equipment隧道照明tunnel illumination;tunnel lighting照明设备lighting equipment隧道防水Tunnelwaterproofing;waterpr oofing of tunnel防水板waterproofingboard;waterproofboard;water proof sheet防水材料waterproof material隧道排水tunnel drainage排水设备drainage facilites隧道病害tunnel defect衬砌裂损lining split;lining **ing隧道漏水water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak坍方landslide;slip地面塌陷land yielding涌水gushing water隧道养护tunnel maintenance堵漏leaking stoppage注浆grouting化学注浆chemical grouting防寒cold-proof整治regulation限界检查clearance examination;checking of clearance;clearance check measurement隧道管理系统tunnelling management system隧道环境tunnel environment隧道试验隧道实验tunnel test试验段实验段test section隧道监控量测隧道监控测量tunnel monitoring measurement收敛convergence隧道安全tunnel safety隧道防火tunnel fire proofing火灾fire hazard消防fire fighting隧道防灾设施tunnel disaster prevention equipment;tunnelanti-disaster equipment 报警装置报警器alarming device;warning device通过隧道passing tunnel避车洞refuge hole避难洞避车洞refuge recess;refuge hole 电气化铁道工程电气化铁路工程electrified railway construction电气化铁道电气化铁路electrified railway直流电气化铁道dc electrified railway交流电气化铁道交流电气化铁路a.c.electrification railway低频电气化铁道low frequency electrified railway工频电气化铁道工频电气化铁路industry frequency electrified railway电压制voltage system电流制current system。
土木工程专业英语完整版本
土木工程专业英语完整版本土木工程专业英语导言：随着社会的不断发展，经济的高速发展，人们对于城市环境、公共基础设施的要求也越来越高，越来越重视土木工程的建设。
作为一项基础学科，土木工程具有非常重要的战略地位。
在这篇文章中，我们将对土木工程的一些专业术语做出详细的介绍，以适应当前土木工程行业的需要。
一、桥梁工程1. Arch Bridge：拱桥，是一种采用拱形构件支撑路面的桥梁，可以承受悬臂力，是最早的桥梁之一。
2. Cantilever Bridge：悬臂桥，是一种建立在两个支点之间的桥梁，可以悬挂于谷底或江河之上。
3. Suspension Bridge：悬索桥，是一种吊在两座高塔上的桥梁。
使用加长的支撑索来支撑桥面，两端吊挂钢缆，构成一致的结构。
4. Cable-stayed Bridge：斜拉桥，是一种基于斜拉索的自锚式桥梁，使用钻石型的斜拉索分担承载力。
5. Truss Bridge：桁架桥，由许多三角形连结构成的。
桁架可以使用金属、木材或者混凝土来制造。
二、隧道工程1. Tunneling：隧道施工，用于采取措施，在地下构筑建筑物、隧道、气井、沙井、其中包括机泵、圈梁机、卡盘夹具、支撑材料和安全系统等。
2. Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)：隧道掘进机，是在地下开挖的大型钻掘机器，俗称“挖洞机”。
主要用于隧道、井巷、水利工程等的掘进作业。
3. Casing：套管，是为了增加井壁的稳定性、防止塌陷，而将管子垂直放置或包裹在内的构造物。
4. Grouting：灌浆，是使用压力将浆液注入混凝土或者岩石之中，以提高其强度，也用于修复已损坏的部件。
5. Shaft：竖井，是需要通往地面、地下、水位面或下一地层的隧道、工作井、沙井等的基础结构。
三、建筑工程1. Foundation：基础，是建筑物架构中的底部结构，提供支持和稳定。
包括基础地基、浇筑地基等2. Beam：梁，是用于承载楼板的水平结构，通常由钢筋混凝土、钢或木材制成。
土木工程概论专业词汇
土木工程概论专业词汇1. 混凝土 (Concrete)：一种由水泥、石料、沙子和水混合而成的材料，常用于建筑结构和公路工程。
2. 钢筋 (Rebar)：一种用于增强混凝土强度的金属材料，常用于建筑结构的框架部分。
3. 施工 (Construction)：指根据设计图纸和工程规范进行实际建设和安装工作的过程。
4. 地基 (Foundation)：指建筑物或结构的底层，用于承受并分散上方荷载的地下部分。
5. 结构 (Structure)：指建筑物或其他工程的整体框架，包括墙壁、柱子、屋顶等构件。
6. 桥梁 (Bridge)：一种跨越水面、峡谷或其他地形隔阂的结构，通常用于交通运输。
7. 隧道 (Tunnel)：一种地下通道，用于通行人员、车辆或管道等。
8. 水利工程 (Hydraulic Engineering)：涉及河流、湖泊、海洋等水体的开发、利用和管理的工程领域。
9. 防护工程 (Protection Engineering)：设计和建造用于保护建筑物、设备或人员免受自然灾害或其他危害的工程。
10. 环境工程 (Environmental Engineering)：涉及保护和改善环境质量，包括水、空气和土壤的处理与管理。
11. 岩土工程 (Geotechnical Engineering)：研究土壤和岩石的特性，以应对土体工程问题和地质灾害。
12. 施工管理 (Construction Management)：通过规划、组织、指导和监督工程项目的实施过程，以实现项目目标。
13. 工程测量 (Engineering Survey)：使用测量仪器和技术测量地理空间数据，为工程设计和施工提供准确的空间信息。
14. 施工安全 (Construction Safety)：指在施工过程中采取安全措施，预防和减少事故和伤害的风险。
15. 工程标准 (Engineering Standards)：指规定工程设计、施工和验收的技术规范，以确保工程质量和安全性。
隧道专业英语
Part 1 General words岩土工程Geotechnical engineering基础工程Foundation engineering土soil ,earth`土力学soil mechanics周期荷载cyclic loading卸载，再加载reloading粘弹性地基viscoelastic foundation粘滞阻尼viscous damping剪切模量shear modulus土动力学soil dynamics应力路径stress path砌块block底板标高floor elevation顶板标高roof elevation绝对标高absolute elevation相对标高relative elevation钢结构steel structure抗拉强度tensile strength伸长率elongation屈服强度yield strength有色金属non-ferrous metals喷射混凝土shotcrete勘察survey；investigation工程地质engineering geology风化花岗岩 decomposed granitePart 2 Types of soil残积土residual soil地下水groundwater地下水位groundwater level /groundwater table粘土矿物clay minerals次生矿物secondary minerals滑坡landslide钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section 工程地质勘察engineering geologic investigation漂石boulder卵石cobble砂石gravel砾砂gravelly sand粗砂coarse sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sand 粉土silty sand粘性土clayey soil粘土clay粉质粘土silty clay砂质粉土sandy silt粘质粉土clayey silt饱和土saturated soil非饱和土unsaturated soil填土filled soilPart 3 Permeability and seepage达西定律Darcy’s law管涌piping流土flowing soil砂沸sand boiling流网flow net渗流seepage渗漏leakage渗透压力seepage (force) pressure渗透性permeability水力梯度hydraulic gradient渗透系数coefficient of permeability Part 4 Deformation and stress of foundation软土soft soil打入桩（负）摩阻力(negative) skin friction of driven pile有效应力effective stress总应力total stress十字板抗剪强度field vane shear strength低活性low activity灵敏度sensitivity三轴试验triaxial test基础设计foundation design再压缩recompaction承载力bearing capacity土体soil mass接触压力contact pressure集中荷载concentrated load半无限弹性体 a semi-infinite elastic solid均质homogeneous各向同性isotropic条基strip footing方形独立基础square spread footing下卧层（土）underlying soil (stratum ,strata)恒载/静载dead load持续荷载sustained load活载live load短期瞬时荷载short –term transient load长期荷载long-term transient load折算荷载reduced load沉降settlement变形deformation套管casing堤（防）dike=dyke粘粒粒组clay fraction物理性质physical properties路基subgrade级配良好土well-graded soil级配不良土poorly-graded soil筛子sieve摩尔-库仑破坏条件Mohr-Coulomb failure condition有限元法FEM=finite element method 极限平衡法limit equilibrium method 孔隙水压力pore water pressure先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压缩模量modulus of compressibility 压缩系数coefficent of compressibility 压缩指数compression index回弹指数swelling index自重应力geostatic stress附加应力additional stress最终沉降final settlement滑移线slip linePart 5 Excavation and dewatering of foundation开挖excavation降水dewatering基坑失稳failure of foundation基坑围护bracing of foundation pit （基坑）底隆起bottom heave=basal heave挡土墙retaining wall 孔压分布pore-pressure distribution降低地下水位法dewatering method井点系统well point system深井点deep well point真空井点vacuum well point支撑围护braced cuts支撑开挖braced excavation支撑挡板braced sheetingPart 6 Deep foundation桩基础pile foundation灌注桩cast –in-place pile沉管灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile钻孔桩bored pile机控异型灌注桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile嵌岩灌注桩piles set into rock夯扩桩rammed bulb pile钻孔墩基础belled pier foundation钻孔扩底墩drilled-pier foundation预制混凝土桩precast concrete pile钢桩steel pile钢管桩steel pipe pile钢板桩steel sheet pile预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土管桩prestressed concrete pipe pile沉井（箱) caisson foundation地下连续墙diaphragm摩擦桩friction pile端承桩end-bearing pile波动方程分析wave equation analysis 承台pile cap单桩承载力bearing capacity of single pile单桩横向载荷试验lateral pile load test 单桩横向极限承载力ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩竖向静荷载试验static load test of pile单桩竖向容许承载力vertical allowable load capacity低桩承台low pile cap高桩承台high-rise pile cap单桩抗拔极限承载力vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile静压桩silent piling抗拔桩uplift pile抗滑桩anti-slide pile群桩pile groups群桩效率系数（η）efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效应efficiency of pile groups桩基动测dynamic pile testing最后贯入度final set桩动荷载试验dynamic load test of pile 桩的完整性试验pile integrity test桩头pile head=butt桩端（头）pile tip=pile point=pile toe 桩距pile spacing桩位布置图pile plan桩的布置arrangement of piles =pile layout群桩作用group action桩端阻end bearing=tip resistance桩侧阻skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩垫pile cushion打桩（振动）pile driving(by vibration) 拔桩试验pile pulling test桩靴pile shoe打桩噪音pile noise打桩机pile rigPart 7 Ground treatment建筑地基处理技术规范technical code for ground treatment of building垫层法cushion method预压法preloading method强夯法dynamic compaction method强夯置换法dynamic compaction replacement method振冲法vibroflotation method砂石桩sand-gravel pile /pile-stone column水泥粉煤灰碎石桩cement-flyash-gravel pile(CFG)水泥土搅拌桩cement mixing pile 水泥桩cement column石灰桩lime pile /lime column高压喷射注浆法jet grouting method 夯实水泥土桩rammed-cement-soil pile灰土挤密桩lime-soil compaction pile /lime-soil compacted column化学加固法chemical stabilization method表层压实法surface compaction method超载预压法surcharge preloading method真空预压法vacuum preloading method袋装砂井法sand wick method土工织物geofabric /geotextile复合地基composite foundation加筋法reinforcement method降低地下水固结法dewatering consolidation method冷热处理法freezing and heating method膨胀土地基处理expansive ground treatment山区地基处理ground treatment in mountain area湿陷性黄土地基处理collapsible loess treatment人工地基artificial foundation天然地基natural foundation褥垫pillow软土地基soft clay ground砂井sand drain树根桩root pile塑料排水带plastic drain碎石桩stone column/gravel pile（复合地基）置换率(composite foundation) replacement ratioPart 8固结consolidation太沙基固结理论Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory巴隆固结理论Barraon’s consolidationtheory比奥固结理论Biot’s consolidation theory超固结比over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结土overconsolidation soil超孔压力excess pore water pressure多维固结multi-dimensional consolidation一维固结one-dimensional consolidation主固结primary consolidation次固结secondary consolidation固结度degree of consolidation固结试验consolidation test固结曲线consolidation curve时间因子time factor Tv固结系数coefficient of consolidation 前期固结压力preconsolidation pressure有效应力原理principle of effective stressK0固结consolidation under K0 conditionPart 9 抗剪强度shear strength不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength残余强度residual strength长期强度long-term strength峰值强度peak strength剪胀dilatation抗剪强度有效应力法effective stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法total stress approach of shear strength莫尔－库仑理论Mohr-Coulomb theory内摩擦角angle of internal friction粘聚力cohesion破坏准则failure criterion十字板抗剪强度vane strength无侧限抗压强度unconfined compression strength有效应力破坏包线effective stress failure envelopePart 10 Constitutive model弹性模型Elastic model非线性弹性模型Nonlinear elastic model弹塑性模型Elastoplastic model粘弹性模型Viscoelastic model边界面模型Boundary surface model 邓肯－张模型Duncan-Chang model 刚塑性模型Rigid plastic model帽模型Cap model加工软化Work softening加工硬化Work hardening剑桥模型Cambridge model理想弹塑性模型Ideal elastoplastic model莫尔－库仑屈服准则Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion屈服面Yield surface弹性半空间地基模型Elastic half-space foundation model弹性模量Elastic modulusPart 11 Bearing capacity of foundation soil冲切破坏Punching shear failure整体剪切破坏General shear failure局部剪切破坏Local shear failure极限平衡状态State of limit equilibrium地基稳定性Stability of soil/rock foundation地基极限承载力Ultimate bearing capacity of soil/rock foundation地基容许承载力Allowable bearing capacity of soil/rock foundationPart 12 earth pressure and slope stability analysis主动土压力Active earth pressure被动土压力Passive earth pressure静止土压力Earth pressure at rest休止角Angle of repose边坡稳定安全系数Safety factor of slope条分法Slices methodPart 13 retaining wall挡土墙稳定性Stability of retaining wall基础墙Foundation wall扶壁式挡土墙Counter retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙Cantilever retaining wall悬臂式板桩墙Cantilever sheet pile wall重力式挡土墙Gravity retaining wall 锚定板挡土墙Anchored plate retaining wall锚定板板桩墙Anchored sheet pile wall Part 14 Soil test高压固结试验High pressure consolidation testK0固结试验Consolidation under K0 condition变水头渗透试验Falling head permeability test不固结不排水三轴试验Unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test 固结不排水/排水三轴试验Consolidated undrained/drained triaxial test击实试验Compaction test固结快剪试验Consolidated quick direct shear test快剪试验Quick direct shear test土工模型试验Geotechnical model test 离心模型试验Centrifugal model test 直剪仪Direct shear apparatusPart 15 In situ test标准贯入试验Standard penetration test (SPT)表面波试验Surface wave test(SWT) 动力触探试验Dynamic penetration test(DPT)静力触探试验Static cone penetration test跨孔试验Cross-hole test螺旋板载荷试验Screw plate test旁压试验Pressuremeter test 轻便触探试验Light sounding test深层沉降观测Deep settlement measurement现场渗透试验Field permeability test 原位空隙水压量测In-situ pore water pressure measurement原位（土、岩石）试验In-situ soil/rock test直剪试验Direct shear test直接单剪试验Direct simple shear test 动三轴试验Dynamic triaxial test自（共）振柱试验Free(resonance) vibration column test隧道Tunnel水平隧道Horizontal gallery明挖法Cut and cover沉管法Immersed tube入口隧道或引道隧道Access tunnel竖shaft斜井Inclined shaft洞室cavern天然洞室Natural cavern人工洞室Artificial cavern地下综合建筑Underground complex 尺寸Size,dimension特小断面Mini section小断面Small section中断面Medium section特大断面Very large section短Short length中长Medium length长大Long length特长大Very long length断面形状Section shape圆形Circular shape马蹄形Horseshoe shape矩形Rectangular shape卵形Egg shape箱形Box shape内部净空断面形状Inside shape开挖断面形状Outside or excavation shape埋深Tunnel depth明挖回填Cut and cover浅埋Shallow depth中埋Medium depth深埋Deep depth特深埋Very deep depth用途Purpose or use调查investigation地质调查Ground investigation导洞Pilot tunnel调查孔或坑道Pilot bore铁路rail干线Main line地铁metro公路road人行道pedestrian车站Station上水道Water supply水利发电Hydraulic power有压与无压隧洞Pressure or non pressure tunnels分水渠River diversion洪水Storm water排水Drainage水渠Aqueduct冷气cooling air冷却水排水Cooling water outfall航道navigation下水道Sewerage地域暖气District heating电缆cable热水Hot water电力－通信Power-telecommunication 通风Ventilation煤气Gas工厂factory发电所Generating station储藏storage流体和固体储藏Fluids and solids storage停车parking办公室，商店Office, shop军事Military人防Defence，protection多目的，多功能Multi service采矿Mining 地下建筑物各部分名称Parts of cross section仰拱Invert arch底板floor拱部或拱顶部roof拱顶crown拱脚Springer拱肩shoulders刹尖key边墙wall墙脚feet腿部leg膝部knee开挖面或掌子面face形状shape衬砌lining曲隅部bend交叉部crossing正面部Face, front入口部access洞门portal接头部junction分岔部bifurcation开口部Opening window加宽部enlargement避难洞Recess筛子sieve围岩Surrounding rock地质学geology水文地质学hydrogeology岩石力学Rock mechanics土力学Soil mechanics地震活动Seismicity钻孔或钻探boring地质物理调查Geophysical investigation室内试验Laboratory test现场试验In situ test事前调查Probing ahead地质勘探Geologic exploration围岩的性质Nature of ground硬岩Hard rock完整岩石Sound rock风化岩Weathered rock破碎岩Fissured rock软弱围岩Soft ground塑性围岩Plastic ground流动围岩Running ground减压区Decompressed zone混合围岩Mixed ground卵石boulder夹层seam层理bedding节理Joint不透水围岩Impervious ground透水围岩Pervious ground蠕变creep风化，蚀变alteration透水性permeability地下水Ground water湿度moisture岩溶karst断层fault围岩的物理力学性质Ground character密度density比重Specific gravity磨损度abrasivity溶解度solubility可钻性Drillability抗压强度Compressive strength抗拉强度Tensile strength抗剪强度Shear strength内摩擦力Internal friction粘结力cohesion剪胀swelling收缩shrinkage地压Ground pressure弹性系数Modulus of elasticity冲击阻力Impact resistance孔隙率Porosity ratio硬度hardness设计Design分析Analysis计算calculation经济比较Economic study标准化Standardization计划Plan, planing program 设计数据Design data垂直荷载Vertical load水平荷载Horizontal load 浮力Uplift。
土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-隧道专业术语
土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-隧道专业术语隧道工程tunnel engineering,隧道tunnel,铁路隧道;铁道隧道railway tunnel,公路隧道highway tunnel,地铁隧道subway tunnel;underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel,人行隧道pedestrian tunnel,水工隧洞;输水隧道hydraulic tunnel,山岭隧道mountain tunnel,水下隧道subaqueous tunnel,海底隧道;水下隧道submarine tunnel;underwater tunnel,土质隧道earth tunnel,岩石隧道rock tunnel,浅埋隧道shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel;shallow burying tunnel,深埋隧道deep tunnel;deep-depth tunnel;deep burying tunnel,偏压隧道unsymmetrical loading tunnel,马蹄形隧道;拱形隧道horse-shoe tunnel;arch tunnel,圆形隧道circular tunnel,矩形隧道rectangular section tunnel,大断面隧道largecross-section tunnel,长隧道long tunnel,双线隧道twin-track tunnel;double track tunnel,曲线隧道curved tunnel,明洞open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery,隧道勘测tunnel survey,超前探测drift boring,工程地质勘测;工程地质勘探engineering geological prospecting,隧道测量tunnel survey,施工测量construction survey,断面测量section survey,隧道设计tunnel design,隧道断面tunnel section,安全系数safety coefficient,隧道力学tunnel mechanics,隧道结构tunnel structure,隧道洞口设施facilities of tunnel portal,边墙side wall,拱顶arch crown,拱圈tunnel arch,仰拱inverted arch,底板base plate;floor,隧道埋深depth of tunnel,隧道群tunnel group,隧道施工tunnel construction,隧道开挖tunnel excavation,分部开挖partial excavation,大断面开挖large cross-section excavation,全断面开挖full face tunnelling,开挖面excavated surface,隧道施工方法tunnel construction method,钻爆法drilling and blasting method,新奥法natm;new austrian tunnelling method,盾构法shield driving method;shield method,顶进法pipe jacking method;jack-in method,浅埋暗挖法sallow buried-tunnelling method,明挖法cut and cover tunneling;open cut method,地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method;underground wall method, 冻结法freezing method,沉埋法immersed tube method,管棚法pipe-shed method,综合机械化掘进comprehensive mechanized excavation,辅助坑道auxiliary adit;service gallery,平行坑道parallel adit,竖井shaft,斜井sloping shaft;inclined shaft,导坑heading,衬砌工艺lining process,喷锚;锚喷anchor bolt spray;anchor bolt-spray,管段tube section,接缝joint,地层加固reinforcing of natural ground,弃碴ballast piling,施工监控construction monitor control,超挖overbreak,欠挖underbreak,施工进度construction progress,隧道贯通tunnel holing-through,工期work period,隧道施工机械tunnel construction machinery,隧道掘进机tunnelling machine;tunnel boring machine;tbm,单臂掘进机single cantilever tunnelling machine,全断面掘进机full face tunnel boring machine,隧道钻眼爆破机械machine for tunnel drilling and blasting operation,装碴运输机械loading-conveying ballast equipment,衬砌机械lining mechanism,钢模板steel form,模板台车formworking jumbo,混凝土喷射机;砼喷射机concrete sprayer,盾构shield,泥水盾构slurry shield,气压盾构air pressure shield,挤压闭胸盾构shotcrete closed shield,土压平衡盾构soil pressure balancing shield,注浆机械grouting machine,凿岩机rock drilling machine;air hammer drill,凿岩台车drill jumbo;rock drilling jumbo,围岩surrounding rock,围岩分类surrounding rock classification,围岩加固surrounding rock consolidation,围岩稳定surrounding rock stability,围岩应力surrounding rock stress,围岩压力pressure of surrounding rock,山体压力;围岩压力ground pressure;surrounding rock pressure,围岩变形surrounding rock deformation,围岩破坏surrounding rock failure,软弱围岩weak surrounding rock,支护support,锚喷支护anchor bolt-spray support,锚杆支护anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support,喷射混凝土支护;喷射砼支护shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support,配筋喷射混凝土支护;配筋喷射砼支护reinforced sprayed concrete support, 钢架喷射混凝土支护;钢架喷射砼支护rigid-frame shotcrete support,掘进工作面支护excavation face support,超前支护advance support,管棚支护pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support,胶结型锚杆adhesive anchor bolt,砂浆锚杆mortar bolt,树脂锚杆resin anchored bolt,摩擦型锚杆friction anchor bolt,楔缝式锚杆slit wedge type rock bolt,涨壳式锚杆expansion type anchor bolt,机械型锚杆mechanical anchor bolt,预应力锚杆prestressed anchor bolt,土层锚杆soil bolt,岩石锚杆rock bolt,衬砌lining,整体式衬砌integral tunnel lining;integral lining,拼装式衬砌precast lining,组合衬砌composite lining,挤压混凝土衬砌;挤压砼衬砌shotcrete tunnel lining;extruding concrete tunnel lining,混凝土衬砌;砼衬砌concrete lining,喷锚衬砌shotcrete and bolt lining;shotcrete bolt lining,隧道通风tunnel ventilation,施工通风construction ventilation,运营通风operation ventilation,机械通风mechanical ventilation,自然通风natural ventilation,隧道射流式通风;隧道射流通风efflux ventilation for tunnel;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation,隧道通风帘幕curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain,通风设备ventilation equipment,隧道照明tunnel illumination;tunnel lighting,照明设备lighting equipment,隧道防水tunnel waterproofing;waterproofing of tunnel,防水板waterproofing board;waterproof board;waterproof sheet,防水材料waterproof material,隧道排水tunnel drainage,排水设备drainage facilites,隧道病害tunnel defect,衬砌裂损lining split;lining **ing,隧道漏水water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak,坍方landslide;slip,地面塌陷land yielding,涌水gushing water,隧道养护tunnel maintenance,堵漏leaking stoppage,注浆grouting,化学注浆chemical grouting,防寒cold-proof,整治regulation,限界检查clearance examination;checking of clearance;clearance check measurement,隧道管理系统tunnelling management system,隧道环境tunnel environment,隧道试验;隧道实验tunnel test,试验段;实验段test section,隧道监控量测;隧道监控测量tunnel monitoring measurement,收敛convergence,隧道安全tunnel safety,隧道防火tunnel fire proofing,火灾fire hazard,消防fire fighting,隧道防灾设施tunnel disaster prevention equipment;tunnel anti-disaster equipment,报警装置;报警器alarming device;warning device,通过隧道passing tunnel,避车洞refuge hole,避难洞;避车洞refuge recess;refuge hole,电气化铁道工程;电气化铁路工程electrified railway construction,电气化铁道;电气化铁路electrified railway,直流电气化铁道dc electrified railway,交流电气化铁道;交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway,低频电气化铁道low frequency electrified railway,工频电气化铁道;工频电气化铁路industry frequency electrified railway, 电压制voltage system,电流制current system。
土木工程类英文专业词汇
土木工程类英文专业词汇土木工程是一个涉及土地开发、设计、建造和维护的复杂领域。
在这个领域中，有许多具有专业性、特定含义和用途的英文术语。
掌握这些专业词汇对于在这个领域工作或学习的人来说非常必要。
本文将介绍土木工程常用的英语专业词汇。
1.Civil engineering –土木工程学Civil engineering is a discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment, including buildings, roads, bridges, and other infrastructure.2.Architecture –建筑学Architecture is the art and science of designing and building structures, such as buildings and bridges.3.Planning –规划Planning is the process of making a detailed plan or layout for a project, including determining what resources will be needed to complete the project.4.Surveying –测量Surveying is the process of measuring and mapping the surface of the Earth, including land, water bodies, and buildings.5.Structural engineering –结构工程Structural engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering that deals with the design and analysis of structures, such as buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure.6.Geotechnical engineering –岩土工程Geotechnical engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering that deals with the study of soil and rock mechanics, and the design and construction of structures that are built on or in the ground.7.Transportation engineering –交通运输工程Transportation engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering that dealswith the design and construction of transportation infrastructure, such as roads, highways, and airports.8.Hydrology –水文学Hydrology is the study of water and its movement on the surface of the Earth, including precipitation, streams, rivers, and groundwater.9.Water resources engineering –水资源工程Water resources engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering that deals with the study of water resources and the design and construction of structures that manage and distribute water, including dams, reservoirs, and water treatment plants.10.Environmental engineering –环境工程Environmental engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering that deals with the study of environmental engineering principles and the design and construction of structures that protect the environment, such as water treatment plants and wastewater treatment plants.11.Construction –建造Construction refers to the process of building structures from design plans and specifications.12.Industrial engineering –工业工程Industrial engineering is a discipline that deals with the optimization of complex processes, systems, and organizations, with the goal of improving efficiency, productivity, and safety.13.Quantity surveying –工程测量Quantity surveying is the process of determining the quantity, cost, and value of materials needed to complete a construction project.14.Building –建筑物Building refers to a structure that is built for a specific purpose, such as a house, office building, or factory.15.Foundation –基础Foundation refers to the part of a structure that is in direct contact with the ground and supports the weight of the structure.16.Reinforcement –钢筋加固Reinforcement refers to the process of adding materials, such as steel bars, to strengthen a structure.17.Retaining wall –挡土墙A retaining wall is a structure that is built to support soil and prevent it from sliding down a slope.18.Roadway –道路A roadway is a paved surface that is designed for vehicles and pedestrians to travel on.19.Bridge –桥梁A bridge is a structure that is built to span a physical obstacle, such as a river or gorge, and provide a safe means of transportation.20.Culvert –排水管A culvert is a structure that is built to allow water to pass under a roadway or other structure.21.Dam –水坝A dam is a structure that is built to control the flow of water and to provide water for human consumption, irrigation, and hydroelectric power.22.Pile –桩A pile is a foundation support structure that is driven into the ground to supporta structure.23.Slab –地板A slab is a flat, horizontal surface that is used as a flooring material or to supporta structure.24.Tunnel –隧道A tunnel is an underground structure that is built for transportation, utilities, or other purposes.25.Asphalt –沥青Asphalt is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid that is used as a binder for paving materials.以上就是土木工程类英文专业词汇的介绍，这些专业词汇对于在土木工程领域中工作或学习的人来说都是非常重要的。
隧道常用英语词汇
隧道施工英语常用词汇Karstterrains卡斯特地形Flysch复理石Limestone石灰岩Sensitive敏感的Beproneto倾向于Footanchors/lockbolts锁脚锚杆Systemanchors系统锚杆Upperandlowerbenches上下台阶（temporary）invertedarch（临时）仰拱Surroundrock围岩Shotcrete喷混Steelrib/arch钢拱架Latticegirder钢格栅Piperoof管棚Weld焊接Wiremesh钢筋网片Excavationface掌子面Deep（shallow）buried深（浅）埋Overburden埋深Softened软化Mechanical机械的力学的（Poor）self-stability(弱的)自稳性Geological地质的Advancesupport（smallcatheter）超前支护（小导管）Groundwater地下水Spacingcircumferencial*longitudinal环向间距*纵向间距Deformationtolerance预留变形量Supporttype（measure）支护形式（措施）Excavation开挖Grouting注浆Wasteremoval出渣Drillingandblastingmethod钻爆法Benchstepping台阶开挖Cutandcover明洞Naturalgroundline原始地面线Theoreticalexcavationprofile理论开挖轮廓线Cut/excavation挖方Fill填方Cutandfill半填半挖Slope边坡（side/frontslope边仰坡）Scale比例Portal洞门Cross/longitudinalsection横/纵断面Flexiblesupport柔性支护（锚喷支护）Stiffsupport刚性支护Length/width/height/depth/thickness长/宽/高/深/厚Strength/stiffness/stability强度/刚度/稳定性WORD格式Hardness硬度Density密度Unitweight容重Tensile/compressivestrength抗拉/抗压强度Heat/acid/alkaliresistance抗火/酸/碱性Flammability可燃性Workability和易性Durability耐久性Water/cementratio水灰比Material材料Cement水泥Concrete混凝土Asphalt/bitumen沥青Lime石灰Bolt/nut螺栓/螺母Guidetube导向管Diameter直径Radial半径Cushion垫层Equipment设备Bulldozer推土机Excavator挖掘机Loader装载机Dumptruck自卸车Wetspraymechinary湿喷机Aircompressor空压机Transformer变压器Electricgenerator发电机Explosive炸药Magazine炸药库Initialstressstate初始应力状态Redistributedstress应力重分布Initial（primary）support/inner（secondary）lining初衬/二衬Drainage排水Waterproofing防水的Groundwater地下水Waterproofslab/rubberseal防水板/橡胶止水带（接缝处）Circumstantial/longitudinal/transverse/centraldrainagepipe环向/纵向/横向/中央排水管PPgeotextilePP土工布Expansionjointwaterstop,external背贴式止水带Expansionjointwaterstop,internal中埋式止水带Revisionshaft检查井（检查中央排水管用）Waterabsorption吸水性Permeability渗透性Advancedgeologicalprediction超前地质预报Minimum/maximum最小/最大Pre-cast预制Cast-in-site现浇Cave/cavity洞Grouting注浆Backfilling回填Lighting/power/ventilation照明/电力/通风Horizontal/vertical水平/竖直hazardousgases(CO2,CO,NO,NO2)有害（危险）气体pump泵Employer's/technologyRequirements业主/技术要求Instrument仪器Level水准仪Tape卷尺Saw锯Ladder梯子Scaffold脚手架Knife小刀Vice钳子Hammer榔头Shovel铲子Bucket桶Dieseloil柴油Gasoline汽油Clearanceprofile净空Eccentriccompressiontunnel偏压隧道Construction/settlement/expansionjoints施工/沉降/伸缩缝Maintunnel主洞Pedestrian/vehiclecrosspassageways人行/车行横洞Circumstantial/longitudinal/transverse/centraldrainagepipe环向/纵向/横向/中央排水管Stonecrushingplant碎石场Concretemixingstations混凝土拌合站Explosivestorage炸药库Blastingoperation爆破作业Fireextinguishers灭火器Weatheredrock风化岩石Two/three-shaftsystem两/三班制Foundationpit基坑Cave-in塌方Watersurging(surge)涌水Electricshock触电Ambulance救护车Medicalstaff医护人员Alarmsystem警报系统Boundary边界Ongoing进行中Surfacesettlement/subsidence地表沉降Weathering风化作用Overbreak超挖WORD格式Formworktrolley二衬台车Vibrator振动器Bentonite膨润土Topographicdrawing地形图Coverarch套拱Self-drillinghollowanchorbar自进式锚杆IBOPlain/ribbedbar圆钢/螺纹钢Lagging套拱Waterinflow涌水量Overbreak超挖Sampling取样Specimen样品Optimal最佳的Surveymark/kilometerage桩号/里程Preliminarydesign初步设计Toxic有毒的Scaffold脚手架。
【精品】隧道专业英汉词典
【关键字】精品十、隧道专业汉英英汉常用词汇汉英部分20号钢筋混凝土M 20 reinforced concreteH橡皮H-shaped rubbern值n-valueT形钢板T-steel plateU形钢支撑U-shaped steel supportX射线结构分析x-ray analysis of fabric; x-ray structure analysisA安全safety安全灯safety lamp安全等级safety class安全检查safety inspection安全屏蔽safety screening安全设备safety device; safety equipment安全设施safety device; safety equipment安全通道safety pathway; safety walkway安全通路safety pathway; safety walkway安全卫生管理体制safety and health control system 安全系数safety factor安全巡查safety patrol安全巡检safety patrol安全巡逻车safety patrol car安全闸emergency lock安全炸药safety explosive; permitted explosive安全装置safety apparatus; safety device安装功率installed power安装孔洞installation recess安装图installation diagram; assembly diagram安装位置installation place; mounting position暗沟underdrain; blind ditch; blind drain暗榫式对接straight joint暗挖法under-cutting method; mining method奥陶纪OrdovicianB扒碴机gathering loader扒斗铲泥机slusher白垩纪Cretaceous白色涂料white plastering摆动snake motion搬运haulage; transport板桩sheet pile板桩尾部end of sheet pile半断面half section半盾构roof shield半横向通风系统semi-transverse ventilation system 半机械开挖盾构semi-mechanized shield;semi-mechanical shield半路堑式明洞part cut-type open cut tunnel 半球形垫板hemispherical washer半深成岩hypabyssal rock半圆头螺钉half-round screw; semi-round screw半圆头螺栓half-round head bolt半圆形弯钩semi-circular hook; 180o hook拌浆机grout mixer帮部tunnel wall; side wall帮眼flank hole; reliever包干合同lump sum contract饱和度degree of saturation保留金retention money; retention报价单quotation爆轰detonation爆破blasting爆破材料explosives; powder爆破材料库magazine爆破进尺blasting depth; blasting progress爆破开挖excavation by blasting; conventional excavation爆破模式blasting pattern爆破母线leading wire; shot-firing cable; blasting cable爆破影响blasting effect爆破作业blasting operation爆燃deflagration爆炸气体explosive gas; fire damp贝尔纳板Bernold sheet贝尔纳衬砌法Bernold lining method备选方案alternative; alternative proposal背板back board; lagging board背衬backing; back lining背斜anticline被动土压passive earth pressure崩积斜坡colluvial slope崩解试验slaking test比较方案alternative; alternative proposal比利时法Belgian excavation method; flying arch method闭胸式盾构blind shield壁厚wall thickness避车洞refuge hole; refuge recess避难洞stepplace; refuge hole避难通道refuge passageway; passenger refuge adit 避人洞refuge manhole边沟side drain; side ditch边框frame边墙sidewall边墙加厚enlarged side wall边仰坡side and heading slope扁钢flat steel变形deformation变形速度deformation velocity变形系数deformation coefficient变质岩metamorphic rock变质作用metamorphism标底target price；base bid price标定价格合同target contract标志大样mark detail标砖normal brick标准衬砌环standard segment ring标准贯入试验standard penetration test标准化standardization标准块standard segment标准推力normal thrust标准药包normal satchel charge表面修琢surface finish并排安装twin arrangement病害隧道deformed tunnel波前形状wave-front profile波纹钢板corrugated steel; deck plate波形waveform; waveshape泊松比Poisson’s ratio泊松数Poisson’s number薄膜membrane补强效果reinforcement effect不发火misfire不均匀沉陷uneven settlement; differential settlement不均匀性heterogeneity不可压缩incompressible不透水层impermeable layer; impervious layer不透水围岩impervious surrounding rock不锈钢筋stainless bar不锈钢材焊接规范specifications for the stainless steel weld不锈钢电缆头stainless steel cable head不整合unconformity; unconformability部分衬砌partial lining部分断面隧道掘进机boom header; partial section tunnel boring machine (TBM)部分支付partial paymentC擦痕面slickenside参考标点reference mark残眼bootleg侧壁导坑side drift; side heading; side pilot侧壁导坑法side heading method; side pilot method 侧壁导坑先墙后拱法side drift method侧导坑side drift; side heading; side pilot 侧吊杆side hanger; side suspender侧沟盖板side ditch cover slab侧孔side hole侧斜式卡车side dump truck侧卸式装碴机side-dump loader侧压力lateral pressure; side pressure侧压系数lateral pressure coefficient侧遮光板side louver测定measurement测量measurement测量放样staking out in survey; setting out测斜仪clinometer层理bedding; stratification层序strata sequence插板poling board; lagging board插板尾部end of sheet pile插板支撑spilling; forepoling插板支护inserting plate support; forepoling插管支护开挖法armour excavation method插接式钻头insert bit插入erecting; inserting插销inserted pin插桩spile拆除木支撑removal of timbering拆模demoulding; form removal; mould stripping 拆迁removing; relocation柴油打桩机diesel pile hammer; diesel pile driver 柴油机车diesel locomotive铲斗式装载机bucket loader; shovel loader铲去灰浆渣(清底)cleaning of forms铲运机scraper长径比ratio of length to diameter长矛式钢插板施工法Ranze method; excavation method using Ranze sheet pile长石feldspar常规法隧道施工conventional tunneling超基性岩ultrabasic rock超级瓦斯隧道super gas tunnel超前导坑advance heading; pilot tunnel超前锚杆advance rockbolt超前探孔guide pilot-hole超前探水water-detecting in advance超前探水孔advance water-detecting hole超前支护advance support超前钻孔advance borehole超前钻探advanced boring; pilot boring超声波试验ultrasonic test超挖overbreak; overexcavation超挖百分率percentage overbreak超挖衬砌concrete for overbreakage超载荷载surcharge load潮喷混凝土half wet shotcreting车辆截面面积vehicle frame section area车辆密封性airtightness of vehicle; tightness of vehicle车辆推力vehicle thrust车辆转向点turn around point of vehicle车流traffic flow车头形状nose shape of train; shape of train forebody尘埃dust沉淀槽clarifier; settling tank沉淀装置settling equipment沉放immersion; placing; sinking沉管tunnel element; unit of sunken tube沉管法immersed tube method沉积岩sedimentary rock沉降缝settlement joint沉井open caisson; sunk well沉埋法immersed tube method沉埋管段tunnel element; unit of sunken tube沉砂槽sand basin; grit chamber; grit tank沉箱caisson沉箱病caisson disease; decompression sickness沉箱放气collapse; blow off沉箱工sand hog衬背灌浆back-fill grouting衬背注浆孔grouting hole衬背注浆率grouting rate衬背注浆压力grouting pressure衬垫spacer; gasket衬片packing; filler衬砌tunnel lining衬砌板liner plate衬砌板桩沟槽trench with lagging衬砌背后灌浆lining back grouting衬砌的lined衬砌断面lining cross-section衬砌防水构造图structural drawing of lining waterproofing衬砌封顶keystone for tunnel lining; key block for tunnel lining衬砌厚度lining thickness衬砌饰面finishing of tunnel lining衬砌应力测量measurement of lining stress撑杆slanting support; bracing成本结算方式合同cost-reimbursable contract成拱作用arch action; arching; arching effect成岩作用diagenesis承压带compressed zone承压地下水artesian groundwater; confined water 承压水头artesian water head承载能力极限状态ultimate state of bearing capacity澄清器clarifier 迟爆效果multi stage explosion effect迟发雷管delay detonator持续性persistence尺寸效应size effect重建rebuilding重新投标retender冲击波impulse wave; shock wave冲击开挖impact excavation冲击式凿岩机percussion drill; impact boring machine冲击噪声impulsive noise冲击阻力impact resistance冲积层alluvium冲积平原alluvial plain冲量impulse冲刷scouring抽水pumping抽水房pumping room; pumping house抽水设备pumping facility; pumping unit抽水试验pumping test稠度试验consistency test出入口隧道access tunnel出碴mucking出碴车mucking car; dump truck出碴用吊桶kibble cage出洞段exit section出发竖井starting shaft出口照明exit lighting初读数initial reading初期支护initial support初期支护参数preliminary support parameter初始潜塑状态initial plastic state初始应力initial stress储碴仓muck bin; muck hopper; ore bin储气罐air tank; air holder; air collector穿心式千斤顶center hole jack穿行式钢拱模板telescopic form传爆detonation传力杆dowel bar; dowel steel传统施工法conventional excavation串浆running of grout吹入式通风方式blowing ventilation mode吹吸式通风方式combined portal-to-shaft-to-portal ventilation; combined supply air fan and exhaust fan system吹制沥青blown asphalt; blown bitumen垂裙大样details of apron垂直荷载vertical load垂直联接系vertical bracing垂直压力vertical pressure垂直运输vertical transportation磁法勘探magnetic prospecting次坚石mid-hard rock次生荷载residual load次应力secondary stress促凝剂setting accelerator; coagulant脆性brittleness错缝break joint; alternate joint; stagger joint错开joint offsetD搭接插板挡土法forepoling; spilling method搭接长度overlap length搭头搭接lap joint; lapping joint打底层prime coat; base coat打通breakthrough打直井shaft sinking打桩机pile driver; pile driving machine打桩落锤drop hammer大气环流atmospheric circulation大气污染atmospheric pollution大型临时工程large-scale temporary project带金属片的橡胶止水带rubber waterstop strip with sheet metal带式输送机belt conveyer袋装注浆bag grouting单侧导坑法single side heading method单点量测single point measurement单洞双线隧道single-tube double-line tunnel单斗挖土机one-bucket excavator; power shovel单价发包合同unit price contract单口掘进one direction excavation单门扇single door leaf单线隧道single track tunnel单向气流unidirectional air flow单项预算individual budget单支撑式isolated support type单轴抗压强度uniaxial compressive strength单轴抗压试验uniaxial compressive test单锥混凝土基底single taper concrete base单锥形single taper当量直径equivalent diameter挡浆墙mortar rubble retaining wall挡水墙scour prevention wall挡头墙end partition wall挡土板timber lagging; planking shutter挡土坎step block; retaining block挡土千斤顶face jack; breast jack挡土墙earth-retailing wall; retaining wall挡土支护earth-retaining support导爆线detonating fuse; blasting fuse; detonating cord导管tremie导管灌注混凝土墙tremie concrete wall导轨guide rail；guide track 导火线detonating fuse; blasting fuse; detonating cord导坑drift; advancing drift; heading; gallery导坑保护装置protection shield; protector for heading导坑断面section of heading导坑断面分割section division of heading导坑护板protection shield; protector for heading导坑掘进机heading machine导墙guide wall倒衬砌法upside-down construction倒路面覆盖施工法upside-down construction倒转褶皱overfold; over turned fold捣实tamping; compacting到达竖井arrival shaft蹬梯steel needling等电势系统equipotential system等量送风equivalent air supply低速度带low velocity zone低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics低压风动设备low pressure air equipment底板base slab; baseplate; floor底板鼓起heaving of floor底部掏槽bottom cut; toe cut底臌heaving of the tunnel地表径流overland runoff; surface runoff地表水漏失surface water leakage地表塌陷ground collapse地表下沉surface subsidence; surface settlement地表下沉测量surface subsidence measurement地层stratum; formation地层压力stratum pressure地基foundation; subgrade地基反力subgrade reaction地基下沉foundation settlement; foundation subsidence地基应力ground pressure地基支承力bearing capacity of foundation; load bearing capacity of foundation地螺钻earth auger地面工程ground engineering地球物理调查geophysical investigation地温梯度geothermal gradient地下道pedestrian subway; pedestrian tunnel地下街道underground shopping center; subsurface shops地下结构物类型types of underground structures地下结合underground junction地下扩大开挖underground enlargement地下连续墙diaphragm wall; in-situ placed wall地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method; underground wall method; diaphragm wall method地下邻接underground junction地下埋设物buried pipe and culvert地下水groundwater; subsurface water地下水面ground water table地下水位ground water level地下水侵蚀attack by ground water地下停车场underground parking garage; underground car park地下综合建筑underground multi-function building 地效ground effect地形topography; terrain地压ground pressure地应力ground stress地震波seismic wave地震荷载seismic load地震活动seismic activity; earthquake activity地震勘探seismic prospecting; seismic survey地震土压earth pressure during earthquake; earthquake load地质geology地质调查geological survey地质构造geological structure; geological formation 地质勘探geological exploration地质踏勘geological survey; geological reconnaissance地质图geologic map地质学geology地质纵剖面图geological profile地质钻机geological drilling rig; diamond drill地中变位测量ground displacement measurement 第二次分离装置secondary separator第三纪Tertiary (system)第三者的索赔权third part claim第四纪Quaternary (system)第一次分离装置first separator电法测井electrical logging电法勘探electrical prospecting电集尘器electrostatic precipitator; electric dust arrester电解腐蚀electrolytic corrosion电缆沟cable trench; cable trough电缆通道cable duct电缆托架cable bracket; cable tray电能electric energy电瓶机车battery locomotive电渗透法electro-osmosis电阻系数coefficient of resistance电阻应变计resistance strain gauge垫板bearing plate; foot plate垫块pad; pad block垫梁wall beam垫片gasket垫圈gasket; washer; packing; filler 吊杆hanger; suspender吊高器（碴车）cherry picker吊环hoisting ring; lifting ring吊盘hanging scaffold调查investigation调查导坑investigation drift; exploring drift调查坑道investigation gallery; survey tunnel调换装置shunting device跌水台阶water drop step叠加静荷载superimposed dead load顶板top slab; roof顶板陷落caving of roof顶部防水料top sealer顶部下沉测量crown settlement measurement顶撑top bracing; crown stay顶换displacement顶架head frame; upper frame顶进propulsion; propelling顶进法jacking顶梁crown beam; top beam顶替displacement顶眼back hole; roof hole顶遮光板top sun louver定位器spacer动弹性系数dynamic coefficient of elasticity动力变质岩dynamo-metamorphic rock动力线power line动压推力dynamic thrust动叶moving blade; rotating blade动叶可调风机adjustable blade fan冻结板freezing board冻结法freezing method冻结管freezing pipe; chilling pipe冻结施工法freezing construction method冻土frozen soil冻胀frost heave洞口portal洞口工程portal works洞口缓冲结构tunnel-entrance hood; tunnel portal buffer structure洞口开挖attack; portal excavation洞口绿化afforesting at portal洞口平台platform at portal洞门portal洞门端墙面坡slope of end wall of portal洞门防水构造图structural drawing for portal waterproofing洞门墙wall of portal洞门墙顶顶帽cap of portal wall洞门墙顶水沟ditch on top of portal wall洞内布线underground utility line洞内测量tunnel survey洞内火灾fire in tunnel洞内基准点reference mark in tunnel洞内领工员tunnel joiner洞内排水draining in tunnel; drainage in tunnel洞内设备equipment in tunnel洞内运输系统tunnel haulage system洞内照明lighting in tunnel洞身防水和排水tunnel waterproofing and drainage 洞身工程tunnel works洞室tunnel chamber; cavern洞室名称name of chamber洞外测量surface survey洞外风压力wind pressure outside tunnel洞外设备surface installation豆粒砂pea gravel堵缝caulking堵缝材料caulking material堵头板bulkheading board; bulkhead镀锌galvanizing; zinc-plating镀锌钢片galvanized sheet steel镀锌铁板galvanized iron steel端头锚固型锚杆end-anchorage type bolt短台阶法short bench cut method; heading and bench method断层fault断层外侧丘kernbut断层外侧洼kerncol断路检查试验circuit test断面类型type of cross-section断面破碎地段fractured fault zone断面形状shape of cross section断气air off; pressure release断线谷fault-line valley断线崖fault-line scarp对称轴symmetrical axis对地下水面的影响effect on water table对角钢筋diagonal bar对流式通风diagonal ventilation盾沟开挖控制测量survey for steering盾构shield盾构安装机erector盾构超挖工具over cutter盾构车站shield excavation station盾构洞室shield chamber; well shaft盾构法shield method; shield tunneling method盾构千斤顶shield jack盾构施工法shield method盾构隧道shield tunnel盾构外壳shield shell; shield skin盾构尾部tail of shield; shield tail盾构支承环girder of shield; shield beam盾尾间隙tail clearance of shield 盾尾净空void behind segments; tail void盾尾空隙void behind segments; tail void盾尾密封tail seal盾尾密封材料tail packing多层导坑multiple drift多导坑开挖法multiple-drift method; multidrift多点量测multiple points measurement多孔盖板perforated cover plate多排爆破multiple-row shotE额枋name plate二次爆破(补充爆破)supplementary blasting二次衬砌permanent lining; final lining; secondary lining; double lining; cast-in-situ concrete lining二次破碎secondary crusher二次应力状态secondary stress condition二次支护inner lining; final lining二次注浆secondary grouting; post grouting二叠纪Permian二氧化硅silica二氧化碳carbon dioxideF发包人employer; owner; purchaser; client; promoter发放品construction materials supplied by employer 发票invoice翻车机car-dumper; tip car; tipper翻斗车tipping cart; dump cart翻斗式装碴机overhead loader翻浆冒泥mud scum; boiling反铲挖掘机backhoe shovel; drag shovel; hoe shovel反铲挖土机backhoe反光镜reflector反力座back anchor反滤层inverted choke; filter bed反坡reverse grade反射波法reflection method反射测井reflection logging反台阶法negative benching method反向推力counter flow thrust反压体土protection blanket方解石calcite防爆板protective sheet防爆电机explosion-proof motor防爆结构explosion-proof construction; flame-proof construction防爆型spark-proof type防尘dust control; dust-proof; dust seal防尘面罩dust mask防冻工程icicle prevention device防毒气面具gas mask防护门protective door防火隔热涂料refractory plaster facing; refractory coating; fire-fighting and heat isolating paint防浸水设备flood-prevention equipment防水waterproofing防水板waterproof board; waterproof sheet防水保护层protect stratum of waterproofing防水层waterproof layer; waterproofing membrane 防水层底面处理primer treatment防水层底子undercoating for waterproofing防水等级classification of waterproof防水隔膜waterproof membrane防水工程waterproofing engineering防水混凝土waterproof concrete; watertight concrete; water-resistant concrete防水剂waterproofing agent防水胶浆waterproofing gum mortar防水面waterproofing facing防水膜waterproof membrane防水砂浆water proofing mortar防水水泥water proofing cement防水涂层waterproofing coating防水性watertightness防水油膏water proofing paste防锈扁钢anti-rusting flat steel防锈漆anti-rusting paint防止中间桩下沉作业break-intermediatepile-setting method放大图enlarged view; enlarged drawing放射能测井radioactive prospecting放小炮boulder blasting; secondary blasting飞散距离rock throw非穿行式钢模板non-telescopic form非恒定unsteady非水溶性聚氨脂non-water-soluble polyurethane废料渣油residual oil废气exhaust gas废弃工程abandoned project; abandoned construction work废水waste water废橡胶料pulverized waste rubber分部开挖施工方法partial (method) excavation; partial excavation method分岔bifurcation分段开挖法stepping; stage cut分界demarcation分流孔water diversion hole分析analysis玢岩porphyrite粉尘dust粉粒计数器particle counting device粉砂silt粉砂岩siltstone风窗口调节门adjustable air damper 风道ventilation gallery; vent adit风道洞口opening of ventilation adit风道空洞duct space风道门正面front view of ventilation gate风道式通风ventilation by air passage风道悬壁overhanging section of ventiduct风道中线center line of ventilation adit风动泵air-driven pump风动凿岩机pneumatic drill; air drill风动支架air leg风动助力器air booster风洞试验wind tunnel test风镐pick hammer风管式通风ventilation by pipes风化土decomposed granite风化岩weathered rock风化作用weathering风机边距lateral distance of fan风机房fan building; fan room风机房场坪fan-room yard风机功率power of fan风机及其配套设备fan and auxiliary equipment风机耐温参数temperature parameters of fan风机推力booster fan thrust风机推力减损fan thrust reduction风机噪声fan-noise风机轴功率axial power of fan风量air volume风量流率air volume flow rate风流方向air flow direction风摩擦wind friction风渠挡头板(端墙)end bulkhead for air duct风渠挡头板通道门manhole on end wall of air duct 风渠隔板ceiling风渠隔板吊杆hanger for ceiling风渠横梁beam for air duct风渠面积air duct area风—射差wind-to-jet difference风速air velocity风险承担risk hedging; risk sharing风效应cross-wind effect风压air pressure风阻长度air blocking length风阻车辆air blocking vehicle风阻面积air blocking area风阻推力air blocking thrust风阻系数wind blocking coefficient风钻pneumatic rock drill封闭seal封闭墙sealing wall封顶key block; key封顶板keystone plate封顶块key block封炮眼泥clay tamping, stemming plug缝宽width of joint缝隙gap扶手handrail; rail扶手卡fixtures of handrail俘虏岩xenolith浮动石块fragmented rock; loose rock浮放道岔California switch浮力uplift浮石loose rock俯视图bird’s eye view俯仰pitching辅助导坑auxiliary gallery辅助工程auxiliary work辅助坑道service gallery辅助炮眼reliever辅助设施auxiliary facilities腐蚀erosion付款线payment line附加剂admixture; additive复合composite复合衬砌complex lining; composite lining覆盖材料roofing覆盖法overburden; earth covering; overburden depth覆盖路面road decking覆盖土荷载overburden load覆盖土厚度earth covering; depth of overburden覆盖土压overburden pressure覆盖岩covering rockG改沟diverted gully改建reconstruction; renewal改良improvement改炮boulder blasting; secondary blasting改移供水管道supply conduit diversion盖板cover slab盖板式棚洞slab shed tunnel; slab shed gallery概率极限状态设计法probabilitic limit state design method干喷混凝土dry shotcreting干砌片石垛dry rubble-block mass stone干式过滤网过滤器dry strainer干式凿岩dry drilling干硬性砂浆stiff mortar橄榄石olivine橄榄岩peridotite刚性路面rigid pavement刚性支护rigid support钢steel钢板steel panel ; steel plate 钢板桩steel sheet pile钢背板steel lagging钢插板steel spile钢拱支撑arch rib; steel set; steel arch support钢管支柱steel pipe post钢管桩挡土墙steel pipe sheeting钢架式棚洞framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery钢筋reinforcement; bar; reinforced bar钢筋的搭接及损耗overlap and wastage of bars钢筋断面图sectional view of bars钢筋号bar No.; mark钢筋混凝土板reinforced concrete slab钢筋混凝土拱reinforced concrete arch钢筋混凝土墙reinforced concrete wall钢筋混凝土圆形蓄水池reinforced concrete circular water storage tank钢筋计stress meter for reinforcement钢筋间距spacing of reinforcement钢筋数量表quantities of bars钢筋网wire mesh; steel wire fabric钢筋网示意schematic arrangement of wire mesh钢肋插入法rib-and-lagging method钢模板steel form钢棚架steel crib钢丝绳岩心管钻探法wire line boring method钢纤维混凝土steel fiber reinforced concrete钢楔steel wedge钢枕brace blocking钢支撑steel support; steel beam support钢支撑应力测量measuring stress of steel support 钢支架steel frame; steel beam support钢制管片steel segment钢柱steel prop; steel column钢柱脚foot plate高分子材料highly polymerized compound高岭土kaolinite高强螺栓high-tensile bolt; high strength bolt高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics高性能混凝土high-performance concrete高压注浆high pressure grouting割刀drag bit; tool bit格构拱trellis arch; lattice arch格兰贝型侧卸出碴车Granbei type trolley格筛grizzly格栅钢支撑grid steel support蛤壳式抓斗clamshell bucket; clamshell grabbing crane隔热层thermal insulation layer各向同性isotropy各向异性anisotropy给水所water supply station更新renewal更新世Pleistocene工班shift工班长foreman工程报价project quoted price工程承包contracting of project工程发包contracting out of project工程监理supervision of construction; supervision of project工程投标bidding for project工程运输engineering transportation工程招标calling for tenders of project工程组织organization of work工法制度construction method system工期延伸time extension of work工区section工区划分section division工业雷管detonator; detonating cap工作面working face公开投标open tender; open bid供电power supply供气风机air-supply fan拱部crown拱部混凝土arch concrete拱顶crown of arch; arch crown; crown拱顶接头crown joint拱顶锚杆roof bolt拱顶下沉settlement of arch crown拱顶纵梁steel arched support; steel support; steel arched support拱冠crown of arch; arch crown; crown拱架form for tunnel lining; form for arch concrete 拱架榀数set of arch拱架垫梁wall beam拱架模板lagging of arch-center拱架支护protective center; protective arch rib拱肩shoulders拱脚spring line拱脚托梁curb concrete拱脚斜块skew-back拱肋arch rib拱肋与背板支护rib-and-lagging拱模方木板form laggings拱穹vault拱圈arch拱圈封顶closing the top of wall拱圈模型架center; centering拱矢rise of arch拱形明洞arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery拱形压花钢板Bernold sheet拱形支撑arch-type support 拱座arch skewback; abutment of arch勾缝pointing; plastering沟槽trench沟槽壁slurry trench wall沟底坡gradient of side ditch沟身边坡ditch slope沟身断面cross-section of side drain构架单体single frame构件名称member name构件支撑member support; element support构梁frame构造筋structural bar构造要求structural requirement构造柱structural pillar构筑体masonry估价单quotation; estimation箍筋hooped bar; stirrup古第三纪Palaeogene古典计算方法classic calculation method古生代Palaeozoic古新世Palaeocene骨架skeleton固定钉nail固定方法fixation method固定铁丝fixing wire固结沉降settlement due to consolidation固结试验consolidation test固结系数coefficient of consolidation固体烧碱solid caustic soda故障malfunction刮板式输送机scraper conveyor拐弯点point of curvature; knee point关键工程key project关节盾构articulated shield观测孔observation hole管材支护pipe support管棚法pipe roof protection; pipe-shed support管棚护顶pipe roof protection; pipe-shed support管棚支护pipe-shed support; pipe roofing support管片segment管片衬砌环分块数目number of divided segment; number of segments管片吊钩segment hanger管片高度height of segment管片接头segment joint管片宽度segment width管片台车segment wagon贯穿breakthrough贯入推进push in of cutting edge贯通breakthrough灌浆grouting灌浆孔grouting vent; grouting hole灌浆锚杆grouted bolt灌浆压力grouting pressure罐笼cage光弹性学photoelasticity光弹性应变仪photoelastic strain gage光面爆破smooth blasting光面爆破法smooth wall blasting techniques规范specification规则regulations硅石silica滚刀掘进机球齿钻头roller cutter滚花旋盘knurled knob过渡段transition section过渡工程transition project过期罚款liquidate damage过剩气压excessive air pressure过水断面runoff cross-section过水断面积discharge area过水断面湿周wetted perimeter of cross-section area过早起爆premature firing; premature explosionH海茨曼炮塞Haitzman plug害虫vermin含水层aquifer; waterbearing layer含水量water content; moisture content涵洞culvert寒武纪Cambrian焊缝welding seam焊缝强度strength of welding seam焊接welding夯实tamping; compacting耗电量energy consumption合用沟multi service tunnel河岸台地river terrace核心core核心部分core黑色片岩black schist横撑brace; transverse brace; strut; horizontal strut; wale; waling横档ledge; waling横洞transverse adit; transverse gallery; horizontal adit; level drift横坑道adit; gallery横肋side rib横梁cross beam横坡transverse slope横通道transverse passageway横向通风系统transverse ventilation system横向移车机car-passer横向振动lateral vibration红丹minium 洪积层diluvium洪水flooding后方台车trailing carriage后期荷载residual load后续下沉following settlement后张法posttensioning后支撑real support弧长arc length糊炮mud capping互层alteration of strata护顶锚杆roof bolt护拱haunching; haunched arch护基混凝土reinforcement concrete of supports legs 花岗斑岩quartz porphyry花岗闪长岩granodiorite花岗石granite花岗岩石碑granite plate花台flower bed滑动底盘sliding floor滑动地板slide floor; Jacobs floor滑动式拱顶纵梁sliding crown bar滑动移车板sledge滑坡landslide; land creep滑坍landslide; land creep化学药液注浆chemical injection化学作用chemical action环ring环保工程work of environmental protection环缝circular seam环筋hooped bar环境CO度ambient CO level环境environment环境调查environmental survey环境评价environment assessment环境影响environmental impact环流circulation环形接头ring joint环形开挖法ring cut method环形支撑ring support缓爆delay blasting缓爆效果multi stage explosion effect缓冲爆破法cushion blasting缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve缓和照明adoption lighting缓流设施subcritical flow installation灰窑lime kiln辉长岩gabbro辉绿凝辉岩shalstein辉绿岩diabase辉石pyroxene回弹rebound回弹率rate of rebound回归方程regression equation回归分析regression analysis回流水water back-flow回填backfill; back filling回填边缘线boundary of refilling回填乱石back-filling with rubble回填土砂filling earth回填线backfill line回转罗盘gyrocompass回转台turntable汇水区catchment会车intersect混合围岩mixed ground混凝土泵concrete pump混凝土垫层concrete cushion; concrete bedding course混凝土干料分拌法dry batch system混凝土管片concrete segment混凝土回弹concrete rebound混凝土浇注机pneumatic concrete placer混凝土强度等级class of concrete strength混凝土输送泵concrete pump混凝土速凝剂concrete accelerator混凝土支撑板concrete support plate活动模板sliding formwork活断层active fault活塞作用piston effect火成碎屑流pyroclastic flow火成碎屑岩pyroclastic rock火成岩igneous rock火山volcano火山灰volcanic ash火山角砾岩volcanic breccia火山泥流volcanic mud flow火山岩volcanic rock火药explosives; powder火灾fire disaster; fireJ机具台架chassis机械开挖mechanical excavation机械开挖盾构mechanical shield机械锚杆mechanical anchor机械设备plant; installation机械通风mechanical ventilation机械阻力mechanical drag机械钻孔machine drilling积水坑shallow sump基础混凝土base concrete基底摩擦系数frictional coefficient of foundation bottom箕斗skip激光经纬仪laser transit 激光照准器laser beam setup及时支撑forepoling support及时注浆quick setting grouting极限抗压强度ultimate compressive strength极限孔隙比critical void ratio急流槽chute集尘器dust collector; dust arrester集管header pipe; suction pipe集块岩agglomerate集水井water collecting well; catch inlet集水坑sump集中式通风centralized ventilation几何形状geometrical configuration挤出squeezing挤出型extruded挤压衬砌extrude lining计费开挖线payment line计划planning计价线pay line; B-line计算方法calculation means计算机计算computer calculation既有巷道existing gallery加固strengthening加劲肋stiffer加宽enlargement加宽隧道reaming加料器feeder加气混凝土aerated concrete加气砂浆air mortar加强肋reinforcing rib加强支撑reinforce set; jump set加速附加剂accelerating admixture夹层interlayer; interlining甲烷浓度methane concentration架设erecting架设间距pitch of tunnel support; support spacing 架式凿岩机wagon drill坚石hard rock; compact rock间隔spacing; interval间接工程费indirect cost间接荷载indirect load间隙gap; clearance监控monitoring; surveillance监控设备surveillance and control equipment; monitoring control facility监视monitoring; surveillance监视器配套设备洞niche for surveillance equipment监视设备monitoring equipment监听monitoring; surveillance减压区decompressed zone减压时间decompression time。
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隧道工程相关专业英语词汇隧道 tunnel●隧道工程 tunnel engineering●铁道隧道 railway tunnel●公路隧道 highway tunnel●地铁隧道 subway tunnel ; underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel●人行隧道 pedestrian tunnel●水工隧洞 ;输水隧道 hydraulic tunnel●山岭隧道 mountain tunnel●水下隧道 subaqueous tunnel●海底隧道 ;水下隧道 submarine tunnel;underwater tunnel●土质隧道 earth tunnel●岩石隧道 rock tunnel●浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel ;shallow burying tunnel●深埋隧道 deep tunnel;deep-depth tunnel ; deep burying tunnel ●偏压隧道 unsymmetrical loading tunnel●马蹄形隧道 ;拱形隧道 horse-shoe tunnel ; arch tunnel●圆形隧道 circular tunnel●矩形隧道 rectangular section tunnel●大断面隧道 largecross-section tunnel●长隧道 long tunnel●双线隧道 twin-track tunnel ; double track tunnel●曲线隧道 curved tunnel●明洞 open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery隧道施工方法 tunnel construction method●钻爆法 drilling and blasting method●新奥法 natm;new austrian tunnelling method●盾构法 shield driving method;shield method●顶进法 pipe jacking method ; jack-in method●浅埋暗挖法 sallow buried-tunnelling method●明挖法 cut and cover tunneling;open cut method●地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall method;underground wall method●冻结法 freezing method●沉埋法 immersed tube method●管棚法 pipe-shed method隧道勘测 tunnel survey●超前探测 drift boring●工程地质勘测 ;工程地质勘探 engineering geological prospecting●隧道测量 tunnel survey●施工测量 construction survey●断面测量 section survey●隧道设计 tunnel design●隧道断面 tunnel section●安全系数 safety coefficient●隧道力学 tunnel mechanics●隧道结构 tunnel structure ●隧道洞口设施 facilities of tunnel portal●边墙 side wall●拱顶 arch crown●拱圈 tunnel arch●仰拱 inverted arch●底板 base plate;floor●隧道埋深 depth of tunnel●隧道群 tunnel group●隧道施工 tunnel construction●隧道开挖 tunnel excavation●分部开挖 partial excavation●大断面开挖 large cross-section excavation●全断面开挖 full face tunnelling●开挖面 excavated surface围岩压力 ground pressure;●surrounding rock pressure●围岩变形 surrounding rock deformation●围岩破坏 surrounding rock failure●软弱围岩 weak surrounding rock支护 support●锚喷支护 anchor bolt-spray support●锚杆支护 anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support ●喷射混凝土支护 ;喷射砼支护 shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support●配筋喷射混凝土支护 ;配筋喷射砼支护 reinforced sprayed concrete support●钢架喷射混凝土支护 ;钢架喷射砼支护 rigid-frame shotcrete support●掘进工作面支护 excavation face support●超前支护 advance support●管棚支护 pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support●胶结型锚杆 adhesive anchor bolt●砂浆锚杆 mortar bolt●树脂锚杆 resin anchored bolt●摩擦型锚杆 friction anchor bolt●楔缝式锚杆 slit wedge type rock bolt●涨壳式锚杆 expansion type anchor bolt●机械型锚杆 mechanical anchor bolt●预应力锚杆 prestressed anchor bolt●土层锚杆 soil bolt 岩石锚杆 rock bolt衬砌 lining●整体式衬砌 integral tunnel lining;integral lining●拼装式衬砌 precast lining●组合衬砌 composite lining●挤压混凝土衬砌 shotcrete tunnel lining ;extruding concrete tunnel lining●混凝土衬砌 ;砼衬砌 concrete lining●喷锚衬砌 shotcrete and bolt lining;shotcrete bolt lining隧道通风 tunnel ventilation●施工通风 construction ventilation●运营通风 operation ventilation●机械通风 mechanical ventilation●自然通风 natural ventilation●隧道射流式通风 efflux ventilation for tunnel ;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation●隧道通风帘幕 curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain ●通风设备 ventilation equipment隧道照明 tunnel illuminationtunnel lighting照明设备 lighting equipment隧道防水 tunnel waterproofing;waterproofing of tunnel●防水板 waterproofing board;waterproof board;waterproof sheet ●防水材料 waterproof material●隧道排水 tunnel drainage●排水设备 drainage facilites●隧道病害 tunnel defect●衬砌裂损 lining split;●隧道漏水 water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak●坍方 landslide;slip●地面塌陷 land yielding●涌水 gushing water●隧道养护 tunnel maintenance●堵漏 leaking stoppage●注浆 grouting●化学注浆 chemical grouting●防寒 cold-proof●整治 regulation●限界检查 clearance examination;checking of●clearance;clearance check measurement●隧道管理系统 tunnelling management system●隧道环境 tunnel environment隧道试验 ;隧道实验 tunnel test●试验段 ;实验段 test section●隧道监控量测 ;隧道监控测量 tunnel monitoring measurement ●收敛 convergence●隧道安全 tunnel safety●隧道防火 tunnel fire proofing●火灾 fire hazard●消防 fire fighting●隧道防灾设施 tunnel disaster prevention equipment;tunnel anti-disaster equipment●报警装置 ;报警器 alarming device;warning device●通过隧道 passing tunnel●避车洞 refuge hole●避难洞 ;避车洞 refuge recess;refuge hole电气化铁道工程 ;电气化铁路工程 electrified railway construction●直流电气化铁道 dc electrified railway●交流电气化铁道 ;交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway●低频电气化铁道 low frequency electrified railway●工频电气化铁路 industry frequency electrified railway●电压制 voltage system●电流制 current system。