第二讲 非谓语动词 考点三

第二讲非谓语动词

考点三作定语

（一）动名词作定语（表示被修饰的用途或性能）

They are planning to build a new swimming pool here.

他们计划在这儿修一个新的游泳池。

（二）现在分词作定语

当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；单个的现在分词作定语时，一般放在所修饰词前面

There is a sleeping boy under the tree.

树下有一个男孩儿正在睡觉。

（三）过去分词作定语

当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词；单个的过去分词作定语时往往置于被修饰词前，通常为及物动词的过去分词，表示被动意义和动作的完成

As a result, we are now an endangered species.

因此，我们现在是一个濒临灭绝的物种。

（四）不定式作后置定语

1.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或only等限定的中心词，与中心词为主谓关系

She likes to listen to Mr. Li’s lessons, so she is always the first to come and the last to leave.

她喜欢听李老师的课，因此她总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开。

2.当被修饰词为特定名词是用不定式，常见的名词有ability, chance, plan, promise, attempt等Volunteering gives you a chance to change lives, including your own.

志愿服务给你一个机会去改变生活，包括改变你自己的生活。

3.与所修饰的词之间可构成主谓、动宾或同位关系

He is the only person to know the secret.（主谓关系）

Please give me something to eat. （动宾关系）

Then they talked about the ways to improve their study. （同位关系）

点津 1.不定式表示未来

2.动名词作定语表示用途

3.现在分词表示主动和进行

4.过去分词表示被动和完成

【对点演练】

1.用所给单词的正确形式填空

（1）In sight of Shackleton’s __________ (land) place, our boat hit a rock.

（2）The park was full of people, ________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.

（3）Some scientists think it came after an ________ (unexpect) incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.

（4）You are the third one ________ (enter) the room.

（5）Have you got a letter ________ (write)?

（6）Do you have the ability ________ (read) and write in English?

参考答案：（1）landing （2）enjoying （3）unexpected （4）to enter （5）to write （6）to read

2.单句改错

（1）They had to move from their big house because the live costs were too high.

（2）Last night, there were millions of people watch the opening ceremony live on TV.

（3）Amy, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointing to guard her.

（4）I am always the first person get to the office.

（5）I have something important say.

（6）He is looking for a chance to going abroad.

参考答案：（1）live-living （2）watch-watching （3）appointing-appointed （4）get前加to （5）say前加to （6）going-go