连系动词的用法讲解及练习题

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连系动词的用法讲解及练习题
一 "be":is am are
四"变":get become turn go
五"感官":feel taste smell sou nd look
系动词
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb ),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

说明:
有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:
He fell ill yesterday.
他昨天病了。

( fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。


He fell off the ladder.
他从梯子上摔下来。

fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。

1)状态系动词
用来表示主语状态,只有be 一词,例如:
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。

(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。


2)持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remai n, stay, lie, sta nd,

如:
He always kept sile nt at meet in g. 他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。

3)表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像”这一概念,主要有 seem,即pear, look, 例如:
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。

4)感官系动词
感官系动词主要有 feel, smell, sou nd, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。

5)变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如:
He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。

6)终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实”,”变成"之意,例如:
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。

( turn out表终止性结果)
.系动词与动词的区别
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb ),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

但是,有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语。

例如:He felt ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。

(felt是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。

) He fell
off the bike. 他从自行车上摔下来。

fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。

表示动作中状态的词
叫做动词。

根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。

但是,有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词。

例如:We are having a meeti ng.
我们正在开会。

(have是实义动词。

)He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。

(have
是助动词。

)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词、不及物动词,英语缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。

但是,同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。

例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。

(sing在此用作不及物动词。


She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。

(sing用作及物动词。


比较法
比较下列各组句子
(1) A . Please look at the blackboard .请看黑板。

B. He looked a perfect fool .他看上去是个十足的神经病
⑵ A . Turn to Page 16 .翻到 16 页。

B. He turned traitor to his country .他背叛了祖国。

(3)A . He felt it his duty to help others .
他认为帮助别人是自己的责任。

B. I felt very hungry after a long walk .
走了一段长路,我感到很饿。

(4)A.Get me some ink .给我一些墨水。

B. Our motherland is getting stronger and stronger .
我们国家变得越来越强大了。

(5)A . Such words do not become a scholar .
那样的话不像出自学者之口。

B. Some of the fields became covered with water .
一些田地覆盖着水。

(6)A . This black key on the piano won"t sound
这钢琴上的黑键按下去不响。

B. The story sounds in teresti ng 这故事听起来很有趣。

⑺A.I am sure I smell gas .我肯定闻到了煤气味。

B. The flowers smell sweet .花朵散发芳香。

(8) A . He was too weak to stand .他太虚弱,不能站立。

B. Holding the note in his hand , he stood there dumbfounded .
他拿着钞票,站在那里,目瞪口呆。

(9) A . He goes to school early every morning.
他每天早上很早上学。

B. They went mad .他们发狂了。

(10) A . I remained 3 weeks in Paris .
我在巴黎逗留了三周。

B. He never remained satisfied with his success .
他从不满足于自己的成绩。

练习题
1. —What is Mr Wang like? —________ .
A. He is a teacher
B. He is old and ki nd
C. He looks like a balloon
D. He likes En glish
2. What Mr White said sounds __ .
A. frien dly
B. won derfully
C. pleasa ntly
D. nicely
3. The poor boy ___ bli nd at the age of three.
A. turned
B. goes
C. became
D. went
4. When he was a child he _ .
A. grew patie nee
B. was alive
C. ran wild
D. came true
5. His voice _ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. liste ns C. hears D. seems
6. This shirt as if it is made of cott on. A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems
7. He looks __ he had n ' gddhfecheal for a mon th
A. that
B. as if
C. when
D. so far
8. It __ that he was late for the train. A. looks B. tur ns C. gets D. seems
9. These apples taste ___ .
A. to he good
B. to be well
C. well
D. good
10. —Do you like the shirt? —Yes, it ___ very soft.
A. feels
B. felt
C. is feeli ng
D. is felt
11. The mome nt Mr Zhang went to bed, he ___ asleep A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall
12. When I went home yesterday, it was__ dark. A. going B. getti ng C. running D. coming
13. Their pla n _ to be a perfect one. A. proved B. was proved C. is prov ing D.
prov ing
8. Jack ____ very happy. 9. The moon cake _____ g ood. 10. The meat 答案与分析' 1. B What ' s...是询问人或事物的性质特征情况的交际用语,
3. D 若人或事物的情况变化是永久性的或难以扭转的坏变化时,用系动词
4. C run wild 是固定搭配,表示 放荡不羁”。

5. A sou nd 表示听起来”,后面接as if 引导的表语从句,表示对主语所表示的特征、状态 或性质作出的反应及判断。

6. C feel 作系动词用时,表示 “东西)摸上去令人有某种感觉”。

14. The flowers in the garde n sweet. A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell 15. She like her mother in character. A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels 16. It __ ano ther fine day tomorrow.
A. seems
B. promises
C. appears
D. looks
17. He much youn ger tha n he really is. A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns 18. You ___ v ery pale. Do you feel sick?
A. looked
B. look
C. looking
D. are looked
19. His wish to become a driver has true. A. turned B. realized C. come D. grow n
20. Her father a writer. A. tur ned B. grew C. has tur ned D. has become
21. Neither of us
a doctor. A. am B. are C. is D. were
22. He
a famous writer. A. tur ns B. become C. has become D. has tur ned
23. The girl's face red. A. turned B. got C. feel D. look
very glad. A. looked B. turned C. feel D. looks
25. The flowers ___ fragra nt (芳香).A. get B. smells C. smell D. feels
24. He
26. The table
very smooth. A. look B. turn C. feels D. smell
27. Jack ___ younger than Tom. A. look B. feel C. feels D. looks
28. She looks ____ . A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. that she is happy
(二)用 smell , taste , go ,get ,become ,grow ,seem , look ,feel , turn 的适当形式填 空:
1. You ____ very young.
2. At first those questions ___ easy, but later I found them difficult.
3. After the sports meeti ng, he ____ very tired.
4. My youn ger brother ____ a stude nt last year.
5. Whe n we ____ up, we're going to help build up our country.
6. The flowers ____ very sweet.
7. Her face red.
bad.
答语中常含有说明性质特征
情况的形容词。

2. A sou nd 表示听起来”,后面接形容词作表语,答案
B 、
C 、
D 均为副词。

go 表示。

7. B as if引导表语从句时,从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,从句谓语用过去完成式。

8. D “It seems that表示看起来……”是固定句型,强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断。

9. D taste表示尝起来”时,是系动词,后面接形容词作表语。

10. A feel表示“某物)摸上去(令人)有某种感觉”时,是系动词,用于一般现在时。

11. D fall asleep表示入睡”,是固定搭配,根据题意,应用过去时。

12. B get表示逐渐.... 起来、开始••…起来时,是系动词,多用于进仃时。

13. A prove表示证明是时,是系动词。

14. D smell表示有……的气味”、散发气味”时,是系动词,后面接形容词。

15. C belike表示看起来像时,既可指外貌,又可指品质和特征,侧重于特征。

16. B promise表示有……的可能”、给人以……的指望”时,是系动词,后面接名词作表语。

17. A appear表示看起来”时,是系动词。

侧重于在外表给人某种印象,常为假象”。

18. B look表示显得”、看起来”时,是系动词,后面接形容词作表语,用进行时态,常带有感情色彩。

19. C come true 是固定搭配,表示实现”其中come是系动词,表示成为” 变得”
20. D become表示变成”作系动词用,在后面作表语的名词前要加a或an。

turn后跟可
数名词单数要去掉 a(n)。

汉语中表示两个过程按比例同时增加时,用越••…越……'结构。

英语中用“ the +比较级,the+ 比较级”结构。

这种结构通常从句在前,主句在后,即:第一个the+比较级为状语从句,第二个the+比较级为主句。

句型中的连个“the都是指示副词。

两个“the的后面都必须跟形容词或副词的比较级形式。

不过有的语法书中说第一个the引导的句子是比较状语从句”。

这种结构中的谓语动词一般情况下:主句用将来时态,从句用一般现在时态(代替将来
时态)。

试比较下列例句的用法:
1.The more, the better .多多益善。

nd.
8. The hotter the air is, the more quickly it will rise. 空气越热,它就上升得越快。

9. The more lear ned a man is ,the more modest he usually is. 一个人越有学问,就往往越谦虚。

10. The more you know ,the more you will realize how little you know. 知道得越多,越会体
会到自己知道得有限。

有时这种句型中主句用主谓倒装形式。

例如:The smaller the house is, the less will it cost us to heat. 房子越小,花的取暖费就
越少。

The more she lear ns, the more she wants to lear n. 她越学就越想学。

(2)“ the+比较级,the+比较级”句型主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

The higher the ground is, the thi nner the air becomes. 离地面越高,空气就越稀薄。

The harder he worked, the more he got. 他工作越努力,得到的就越多。

(3)若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。

The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你越用功,进步就越大。

The Ion ger the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer .战争持续越久,那里的人们受难就越多。


(4)在这种句型中,主句在程度上随着从句变化而变化,常把被强调的部分提前。

The faster you run, the better it will be. 你跑得越快越好。

(5)这种句型的特点是前后都可以有所省略,特别是谚语、俗语,只要意义明确,越简单越好。

The more, the better . 多多益善。

The sooner, the better . 越早越好。

(6)这种句型中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语,也可以是主语。

The more En glish you practice, the better your En glish is. 你练习英语越多,你的英语就越好。

The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。

The more air there is in side the tyre, the greater the pressure there is in it. 轮胎里空气越
多,里面的压力就越大。

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