翻译——在职考研英语之英译汉.doc

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在职攻硕英语联考(英译汉)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

在职攻硕英语联考(英译汉)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

在职攻硕英语联考(英译汉)模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有: 5. TranslationPart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.1. A happy marriage apparently is good medicine, but hostile spouses may be harmful to one another’s health. Couples in conflicted marriages take longer than the happily married to heal from all kinds of wounds, from minor scrapes(擦伤)or athletic injuries to major surgery, suggests a study carried out over the weekend. And the health toll taken by a stressful job seems to be eased when the worker has a pleasurable home life. This new research, reported at an American Psychosomatic Society meeting, adds to growing evidence that marriage has an impact on health. In the wound healing study, 42 couples agreed to let researchers use a device to create several minor wounds on their skin in two sessions about two months apart. The first time, couples were told to discuss a neutral topic; the next time they were given half an hour to resolve an issue or two on which they disagreed. Their discussions were monitored. Couples took longer to heal when asked to discuss points of conflict than neutral issues. Hostile couples—attacking each other with criticism, sarcasm—healed the slowest. It took them 40% longer, or two more days, to heal, and they also produced less of the proteins linked to healing.正确答案:幸福的婚姻显然是一剂良药,而针锋相对的夫妻关系则可能对彼此的健康产生不利影响。

研究生学位英语英译汉部分

研究生学位英语英译汉部分

全部英译汉翻译Unit one1、That story brings a smile, because it pokes fun at a common type of self-defeatist thinking这个故事让我发笑,因为这个故事它讽刺了普遍存在的悲观者的思维方式。

2、If those thoughts spell gloom and doom, that’s where you’re headed, because put-down words sabotage confidence instead if offering support and encouragement. 如果这些想法意味着黑暗或毁灭,那么你就会走向黑暗和毁灭,因为贬低的话语使人丧失信心而不是给人以支持与勇气。

3、hearing her fears and foreboding read out loud made sue realize how much energy she was squandering on imagined catastrophes. If you’ve been feeling down, it could be you’re sending yourself negative message too. Listen to the words churning inside your head. Repeat them aloud or write them down, if that will help capture them.听到自己的恐惧和不祥的感觉被说出来,使苏意识到她在那些虚构的灾难上浪费了如此多的精力。

如果你感觉不好,是你在给自己传递消极的信息。

倾听你的想法。

大声地重复或者写下来,假如这样做有助于能捕获到它们的话。

4、By isolating negative words and phrases ,you can pinpoint the damage you’re doing to yourself .For Fran and Mark ,the culpritswere only and just . Once those words are eliminated ,there’s nothing destructive about saying ,‖I’m a salesman‖ or ―I’m secretary. ‖ both statements open doors to positive follow-ups, such as ,‖I’m on my way up the ladder.‖将那些有害的词汇和句子分离出来,你能确定你自己对自己造成的伤害,对他们来说,罪魁祸首就是―只不过‖、―仅仅‖这两个词汇。

翻译——在职考研英语之英译汉

翻译——在职考研英语之英译汉

翻译——在职考研英语之英译汉在职考研英语之英译汉1、英译汉的考试内容“英译汉”是在职硕士研究生入学考试英语试题的第五部分。

要求考生在阅读并准确理解的基础上,把一段150-200个词的一般性题材的文章,在30分钟内译成通顺的汉语,共计10分。

要求达到的翻译速度为每小时400个词。

近七年在职硕士英语考试翻译所考查的内容2008年: 考查抽烟与广告的关系2007年: 考查休息/睡眠与人精力的关系2006年: 考查安全措施与交通事故的关系2005年: 考查环境污染与饮用水的保护2004年: 考查电子邮件的作用及所带来问题2003年: 考查香港老一代与青年人之间的代沟从上述可见,翻译考试的内容以日常生活题材为主,偶尔为科技新成就。

该项考题要求汉语译文准确、完整、通顺。

英译汉属于主观题,要求考生将答案写在答题纸2上。

英译汉作为阅读理解的一部分,主要是考查考生准确理解概念或结构比较复杂的英语材料的能力。

要做好英译汉的题目,考生既要有较强的理解英语句子的能力,又要有英译汉的基本技能。

在翻译过程中,考生必须全面理解文章内容,并且遵循翻译的基本原则,根据对文章的理解,灵活处理一般性翻译技巧和具体句型翻译的关系、概念的直译与意译之间的关系等(一般以直译为主,无法译的词句可进行意译)。

2、英译汉的命题特点英译汉试题的选材大体以介绍性的文章为主,是从报刊、杂志中摘选的片段。

但涉及到的内容和意思有相对的独立性。

英译汉试题的选材内容多是生活常识性、科普性的文章。

这是由于在职研究生工作时间较长,专业英语遗忘较多,要兼顾人文和理工各科考生,生活常识性文章较为适合。

文章的语言规范,逻辑严谨,句型结构工整。

由于材料内容常常与当年的热点话题和人们普遍关心的问题有关,因此,平时阅读一些英文报纸、杂志会对考试有所帮助。

3、英译汉试题的句型结构英译汉试题所包含的2-3段文字中,有的句子比较长,且结构较为复杂,包含两个或以上的从句或非谓语形式。

(整理)在职考研英语词汇.

(整理)在职考研英语词汇.

a [e, ei, 4]art.(非特指的)一(个);每一(个);(同类事物中的)任何一个an [4n, 1n]art.(非特指的)一(个);每一(个);(同类事物中的)任何一个abandon [4'b1nd4n]vt.放弃,抛弃,离弃,遗弃,停止做(某事),丢弃ability [4'biliti]n.能力,才能,才干,本领,才智able ['eibl]a.有能力;有本事的,能干的aboard [4'b3:d]ad./prep.在船(车、飞机)上;上船(飞机、车等)abortion [4'b3:54n]n.流产,堕胎;夭折about [4'baut]prep.关于,对于;在...周围,在...附近 ad.在周围,到处,附近;大约,差不多,左右above [4'b8v]prep.在...上方,在...之上;多于,大于;高于,优于;超过 a.上面的,上述的 ad.在上面,向上,在高处;(指书籍文章)上文,前文 n.上面,上级abroad [4'br3:d]ad.到国外,在国外,海外;在传播,在流行,传开absence ['1bs4ns]n.(from)不在,缺席;缺乏,不存在,缺少;缺席的时间,外出期absent ['1bs4nt, 4b'sent]a.(from)不在场的,缺席的;缺乏的,不存在的;漫不经心的,心不在焉的absolute ['1bs4lu:t]a.绝对的,完全的;不受任何限制(约束)的;十足的absorb [4b's3:b]vt.吸收;吸引...的注意,使专心,使全神贯注;把...并入,同化abuse [4'bju:z]vt./n.滥用(职权等),妄用;(常用被动语态)虐待,伤害,辱骂 n.陋习,弊端abuse [4'bju:s]n.滥用,虐待;辱骂,谩骂academic [`1k4'demik]a.学院的,学校的;学术的,理论的;纯理论的,不切实际的academy [4'k1d4mi]n.高等学校,专科学校;学会,研究院accept [4k'sept]vt.接受,领受,收受;认可,同意,承认 vi.同意,认可acceptable [4k'sept4bl]a.可接受的;合意的,受欢迎的acceptance [4k'sept4ns]n.接受,接纳;赞同,承认,认可;容忍access ['1kses]n.通路,入口;访问;接近,进入;接近的机会 vt.访问;存取(电脑文件)accident ['1ksid4nt]n.事故;意外的事,偶然的事accidental [`1ksi'dentl]a.偶然的,意外的accompany [4'k8mp4ni]v.陪伴,伴随,陪同;伴奏,伴随,和...一起发生accomplish [4'k8mpli5]v.完成(任务),实现(计划、诺言等),达到(目的)according [4'k3:di6]ad.按照,根据account [4'kaunt]n.帐,帐目,账户;记述,描述,报告;说明,解释,叙述 vi.(for)说明,解释accurate ['1kjur4t]a.准确的,正确无误的,精确的,accuse [4'kju:z]vt.(of)谴责,指责;(of)指控,控告,告发accustom [4'k8st4m]vt.(to)适应,使习惯accustomed [4'k8st4md]a.(to)惯常的,通常的;习惯于...的,使适应了的ache [eik]n./vi.疼痛,酸痛achieve [4't5i:v]vt.完成,达到(目的);得到,获得achievement [4't5i:vm4nt]n.成就,成绩,成功;完成,达到(目的),实现acid ['1sid]a.酸的,酸性的;尖刻的,刻薄的 n.酸;酸性物质acquire [4'kwai4]vt.获得,取得,求得,学得;学到(知识等);养成(习惯)acquisition [`1kwi'zi54n]n.取得,获得;获得物,增添的人(物)acre ['eik4]n.英亩(约合0.4公顷)across [4'kr3s]prep.穿过,越过,横越,横断;在...的对面,在...那边 ad.从一边到另一边,...宽;在对面,向对面act [1kt]vt./vi.行动,举动,表现;(on)起...作用;表演,扮演 n.行为,动作;法令,条例;(戏剧的一)幕action ['1k54n]n.行动,动作;(on)作用active ['1ktiv]a.活动的,活跃的,活泼的,积极的;起作用的,主动的activist ['1ktivist]n.活动分子,积极分子activity [1k'tiviti]n.活动;活跃,活力;行动,行为actor ['1kt4]n.男演员;行动者actress ['1ktris]n.女演员actual ['1ktju4l,'1kt5u4l]a.现实的,事实上的,实际的;现在的,目前的actually ['1ktju4li]ad.实际上,事实上ad [1d]n.(=advertisement)广告adapt [4'd1pt]vt.(to)使适应,使适合;改写,改编 vi.(to)适应adaptation [`1d1p'tei54n]n.适应;改编add [1d]vt.加;添加,增加(进);进一步说(或写),附带说明;把...加起来,计算...的总和 vi.(to)增添addition [4'di54n]n.(增)加,加法;附加物,附加部分,增加(物)address [4'dres]n.通讯处,地址 vt./n.致词,讲话 vt.致函,(在信封或包裹等上)写姓名地址adequate ['1dikwit]a.充足的,足够的,充分的;适当的,胜任的adjust [4'd98st]vt.(to)调整,调节;校准,整理,使适合administration [4d`minis'trei54n]n.管理,经营,支配;管理部门,行政,行政机关,政府;实行,执行admiration [`1dm4'rei54n]n.赞美,羡慕,钦佩admire [4d'mai4]vt.羡慕,赞赏,钦佩;称赞,夸奖admission [4d'mai4]n.准许进入,准许加入;承认,供认;入场费,入场券admit [4d'mit]vt./vi.准许...进来,准许...加入,允许进入;(to)承认,供认;接纳,招收adopt [4'd3pt]vt./vi.收养(子女);采用,采纳,采取;正式通过,批准adult ['1d8lt]a.成年人的,已成熟的 n.成年人(或动物)advance [4d'v2:ns]vi.前进;取得进展;(价格等)上涨;促进,推进,助长 vt.预先发放,预先支付;提前,使提前发生;提出(建议等) n.前进,进展,发展;预付;提前advanced [4d'v2:nst]a.超前的,先进的;高等的,高级的;年迈的,后阶段的advantage [4d'v2:ntid9]n.优点,有利条件,有利因素;利益,好处adventure [4d'vent54]n.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇,异乎寻常的经历advertise [`1dv4taiz]vt.(=advertize)为...做广告,宣传;(在报刊、电视、广播等中)公告,公布advertisement [4d'v4:tism4nt]n.广告;做广告,登广告advice [4d'vais]n.忠告,劝告,意见;(医生等)的建议advisable [4d'vaiz4bl]a.适当的,明智的,可取的advise [4d'vaiz]vt.忠告,劝告,向...提供意见;通知,告知;建议aeroplane ['e4r4plein]n.(=airplane)(英)飞机aerospace ['e4r4speis]a.航天的,太空的;宇宙空间的 n.宇宙空间,宇宙空间学,太空affair [4'fe4]n.事,事情,事件;(pl.)业务,事务,事态affect [4'fekt]vt.影响,作用;感动;(疾病)侵袭affection [4'fek54n]n.慈爱,爱,喜爱;感情,爱慕之情;作用,影响afford [4'f3:d]vt.(与can,could,be able to连用)买得起,担负得起,供应得起;提供,给予afraid [4'freid]a.恐惧的,害怕的;惊恐的,担心的;(表示抱歉)恐怕,遗憾Africa ['1frik4]n.非洲African ['1frik4n]a.非洲(人)的 n.非洲人after ['2:ft4]prep.(表示时间)在...以后,(表示位置顺序)在...后面 ad.以后,后来;(表示地位或重要性)低于,次于 conj.在...后afternoon [`2:ft4'nu:n]n.下午,午后again [4'gen,4'gein]ad.再,再次,又,重新;此外against [4'genst,4'geinst]prep.对(着),相反,逆;和...对比;靠着,倚着age [eid9]n.年龄,年纪;时代,时期 vi./vt.变老,上年纪;成熟,变旧agency [eid94nsi]n.代理行,代办处,经销店;(政府等的)专业行政部门agenda [4'd9end4]n.议事日程,记事册agent ['eid94nt]n.代理人,代理商,经纪人,经办人;政府特工人员,政府代表;动因,原因;剂ago [4'g4u]ad.(常和一般过去时的动词连用)以前,以往,...前agree [4'gri:]vi./vt.(to)同意,(on)赞同;相同,相符,适合,一致;商定,约定;(气候、食物等)相宜agreement [4'gri:m4nt]n.同意,达成协议;协议,协定,契约;一致,感情融洽agricultural [`1gri'k8lt54r4la.农业的agriculture ['1grik8lt54]n.农业,农学ahead [4'hed]ad.前头,在前,向前,提前aid [eid]n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助手段 vt.帮助,援助,救援aim [eim]vt./vi.(at)(以枪等)瞄准,把...对准;(for)旨在,目的在于 n.瞄准,对准;目的,目标,意图air [e4]n.空气,大气;天空,航空;样子,神态 vt.晾干;使(房间等)通气;使公开,使公众注意aircraft ['e4kr2:ft]n.(单复数同形)飞机,航空器airline ['e4lain]n.(飞机的)航线;(用复数)航空公司airplane ['e4plein]n.(美)飞机airport ['e4p3:t]n.航空站,航空港,飞机场alarm [4'l2:m]n.惊慌,忧虑,惊恐;警报,警铃,警报(器) vt.使惊恐,使不安,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcohol ['1lk4h3l]n.酒精,乙醇;含酒精的饮料alike [4'laik]a.(常作表语)相似的,想像的,相同的alive [4'laiv]a.(常作表语)活着的,在世的;(继续)存在的,在起作用的;有活力的,活跃的,活泼的,有生气的;(to)注意到的,敏感的;(with)充满的all [3:l]a.所有的,整个的,全部的;pron.每个人,全体,全部,一切 ad.(加强语气)全体,全部,完全;更加,越发,很allow [4'lau]vt.允许,准许,容许;承认;同意给,给予;允许...进入(停留) vi.(for)考虑到allowance [4'lau4ns]n.津贴,补助,零用钱;折扣;考虑,顾及;宽容,体谅;份额almost ['3:lm4ust]ad.几乎,差不多alone [4'l4un]a.(只用作表语,不用在名词前)单独的,孤独的;单单,仅,只;独一无二的,惟一的 ad.单独地,孤独地;(用在名词或代词后)独个儿,仅仅,只along [4'l36]prep.沿着,循着 ad.向前地,往前;一起,一道aloud [4'laud]ad.出声的,大声地,响亮地alphabet ['1lf4bit]n.字母表already [3:l'redi]ad.已,已经,早已also ['3:ls4u]ad.同样地;而且(也),此外(还)alter ['3:lt4]vt./vi.改变,改动,变更although [3:l'04u]conj.尽管,虽然,即使;然而altitude ['1ltitju:d]n.(尤其指海拔)高度;高处,高地altogether [`3:lt4'ge04]ad.完全地,全然;总之,总起来说;总共,全部aluminum [`1lju'mini4m,`1l4'mini4m]n.(=aluminium)铝always ['3:lw4z,'3:lweiz]ad.总是,一直;始终,永远amaze [4'meiz]v.(at)使惊愕,使惊叹,使大为惊奇amazing [4'meizi6]a.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的ambition [1m'bi54n]n.野心,雄心,抱负,志向;期望得到的东西ambitious [1m'bi54s]a.有雄心的,有野心的。

在职研究生考试英语(翻译、作文)

在职研究生考试英语(翻译、作文)

Part VI Translation (10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answ et Sheet.Being unhappy is like an infectious disease. It causes people to shrink away from the suff erer. He soon finds himself alone and miserable. There is, however, a cure so simple as t o seem, at first glance, ridiculous: if you don't feel happy, pretend to be! It works. Befor e long you will find that instead of pushing people away, you attract them. You discover h ow deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will.Then the make-believe becomes a reality. Being happy, once it is realized as a duty and established as a habit, opens doors into unimaginable gardens filled with grateful friends.Part VII Writing (15 points)Directions: Write a composition of at least 150 words about the topic: The possibility of us ing the mobile phone to study English (or any other subject). You should write according t o the outline given below:1.我认为手机(不)可以用来学习英语或其他知识。

在职攻读硕士学位英语考试词汇表(修订版).docx

在职攻读硕士学位英语考试词汇表(修订版).docx

Aa/anart. 一(个);每一(个);(同类事物中的)任何一个abandonvt.放弃,抛弃,离弃abilityn.能力,才能,才干ablea.有能力;能干的aboardad. /prep.在船/车/飞行器上;上船/车/ 飞行器aboutprep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近ad.在周围,附近;大约,差不多aboveprep.在…Z上,超过a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上abroadad.国外,海外;传开absencen.缺席;缺乏absenta.(from)缺席的;缺乏的;漫不经心absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbvt.吸收;吸引,使专心abusen.滥用,虐待;辱骂;陋习,弊端vt.滥用,虎待;辱骂academyn.学院;学/协会;研究院accent [空ksaii]n.重音;口音acceptvt.同意,认可;接受,领受acceptablea.可接受的;合意的acceptancen.接受,接纳,承认accessn.通路;访问v(.访问;存取accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事accommodationn.(p/.)住处;膳宿accompanyv.陪伴,伴随,伴奏accomplishV.完成,实现,达到according toprep.按照,根据accordinglyad.因此,从而accountn.账,账户;说明,叙述vi.(for)解释accountantn.会计accuracyn.正确(性);精(密)度accurateadj.正确的,精确的accusevt. (of)遗责;指控,告发accustomeda. (to)惯常的,习惯的achen. /vi.疼痛,酸痛achievevt.完成,达到;获得achievementn.完成,达到;成就,成绩acidn.酸a.酸的acknowledgevt.(公开)承认;感谢,答谢acquaintancen.熟人,相知(的人)acquirevt.取得,获得,学到acren.英亩acrossad. /prep.横越,横断prep.在…对面actn.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例;v.行动,举动;起作用,表演actionn.行动;作用activea.活动的,活跃的;积极的,主动的activityn.活动,活跃;行动actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,事实上的actuallyad .事实上ad = advertisementadaptVt.(to )使适应;改编addvt.力口,加上;增加,增进;进一步说/ 写vi.(to)增添additionn.力口,加法;附加部分,增加(物) addressn.地址,通讯处vt. /n.致词,讲话vt.致函;写地址adequated.足够的,充分的adjectiven.形容词adjustv.调整,调节;校准vi.(to)适应于administrationn.管理;行政,行政机关,政府admireW羡慕,赞赏,钦佩admitvt.允许进入;接纳;承认adoptvt.收养;采用,采纳;通过adultn.成人a.成年的,成熟的advanceVt.推进,促进;提升,提高vi.前进,进展n.前进,进展;预付advanceda.先进的,高级的advantagen.优点,有利条件;利益,好处adventuren.冒险,惊险活动;奇遇adverbn.副词advertise / -izevt.做广告advertisementn.广告advicen.忠告,意见advisablea.明智的,可取的advisevt.忠告,劝告;建议advocatevt.提倡,主张;拥护aeroplane = airplanen.事,事情,事件affectvt.影响,作用;感动;(疾病)侵袭affectionn.爱,感情;作用,影响affordvt.提供,给予;供应得起afraida.怕的,害怕的;惊恐的,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep. / conj.在・.•之后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后afterward(s)ad.以后,后来againad.再,再次;又,重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对,违反;靠,靠近;和…对比agen.年龄;时代vi.变老agencyn.代理(处),代办(处)agendan.议事日程,记事册agentn.代理人,经办人aggressivea.进攻的;有进取心的agoad.以前,…前agonyn.苦恼,极大痛苦agreevi. (with...on)同意,赞同;(to)—致,适合;商定,约定agreeablea.使人愉快的;欣然同意的;适合的agreementn.同意,一致;协议,协定,契约agriculturen.农业aheadad.前头,在前,向前aidvi.援助,救援n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物aimW瞄准,把…对准vi. (at)志在,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气;天空v.晾干;使通气air-conditioningn.空调aircraftn.飞机,飞行器airlinen.航空公司;(飞机的)航线airplanen.飞机airportn.机场alarmn.惊恐;警报;警报器vt.惊动,惊吓;向…报警albumn.相片簿;集邮簿alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alikea.相同的,相似的alivea.活着的;活跃的,活泼的alla.全部的,所有的;非常的,极度的pron.全部,一切ad.完全地,很allowVt.允许,准许;给予vi.(for)考虑到allowancen.津贴;零用钱allyn.盟国,同盟者W联合,联盟almostad.几乎,差不多alonea. /ad.独自,单独ad.仅仅,只alongprep.沿着ad •向前aloudad.大声地,响亮地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还alterVt.改变,变更alternativea.两者选一的,可供选择的n.选择,替换物althoughconj.虽然,即使altituden.高度;海拔altogetherad.完全,总之,全部alumin(i)umn.铝alwaysad•总是,永远amateurn・业余爱好者amazeV.使惊愕,使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的ambassadorn.大使ambitionn.雄心;野心ambitiousn.有雄心的,有抱负的ambulancen.救护车American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的,美国(人)的n.美洲人;美国人aniong(st)prep.在…之中,在…之间amountn.数量,数额,总数vt.(to)合计,相当于,等同amusevt.逗乐,使开心;给…提供娱乐analysisn.分析,解析analyze / -ysev.分析,解析ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,及;那么,贝IJ angeln.天使angern.气愤,愤怒“使发怒,激怒anglen.角,角度;角度,观点’angrya.愤怒的,生气的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝,踝关节anniversaryn.周年纪念(H )announcev.宣布,通告annoyvt.使烦恼,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anothera.另一,再一;别的prop.另一个answern.回答,答复;答案v.回答,答复antn.蚂蚁anticipatevt.预期,预料;指望,期待antiquea.古时的,古老的n.古物,古董antarctica.南极(区)的n. (the A・)南极洲,南极圈anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,担心;渴望,热望anxiousa.担心的,焦虑的;渴望的anya.任何的,任一的;[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些pron.无论那个,无论那些,任anybodypron,[否定,疑问,条件句中]任何人;[肯定句中]随便哪一个人anyhowad.无论如何,不管怎样;不管以什么方法;总之anyone = anybodyanythingpron.[否定,疑问,条件句中]任何事(物): 无论什么事(物)anyway = anyhowanywheread.无论哪里;[否定,疑问,条件句中]任何地方apartad.分离,隔开;相距,相隔apartmentn. 一套房间apologizevi.道歉;赔罪apologyn.道歉,歉意apparenta.明显的;表面的appealvi.(10)请求,呼吁;吸引;上诉;求助n.呼吁;吸引力;上诉appearvi.出现,出场,问世;好像是appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外观appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望applen.苹果appliancen.用具,设备;器械;装置applicantn.申请者applicationn.申请,申请书;运用,应用applyvi. (for)申请;vt. (to)运用,应用appointvt.任命,委派;约定appointmentn.约会,约见;任命,委派appreciateVt.感激,感谢;评价,欣赏,赏识approachV.接近,走进vt.处理,对待n.走进;方法,探讨;观点appropriatea,适当的,恰当的approvaln.同意,赞同;批准approveV. (Of)赞成,赞许,同意;批准,审议,通过approximatea.大致的,近似的Apriln.四月Arabn.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯的Arabiana.阿拉伯人的;阿拉伯的archaeologyn.考古学architectn.建筑师architecturen.建筑;建筑学arctica.北极的n. (the A—)北极arean・面积;地区;范围,领域arguevi.辩论,争论vt.辩论,论证;说服argumentI】.争论,辩论;论点,依据arisevt.岀现,发生;(from)由…引起,由…产生arithmeticn・算术armn.手臂,臂状物;(pl.)武器vt.武装,装备armyn.军队,军;大群,大批aroundad.周围,在附近;到处;大约prep.在…周围,围着;在…各地arousevt.唤起,激起arrangevt.整理,布置;安排,筹备arrangementn.安排,准备工作;整理,布置arrestvt./n.逮捕,扣留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达物arrivevi.到来,到达;(at)达成,得出arrown.箭,箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;(pl.)文科articlen.文章;物件artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,做作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistic(al)a.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asconj.当/在…时候;如…一样;由于,因为prep.作为,当作ashn.灰,灰烬ashameda.惭愧的,害臊的Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人 .asidead.在旁边;到/向一边askv.问,询问;要求,请求;邀请,约请asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,面貌;方面assemblevt.集合,集会;装配,组装Vi.集会,聚集assemblyn.集会,会议;装配,组装assessvt.估计,估算;评估,评价,评定assetn. (pl.)资产,财产;有用的资源,宝贵的人/物;优点,益处assignvt.派给,分配;选定,指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn・(分派的)任务,(指定的)作业;分配,指派assistvi.帮助,援助assistanta.助手的,辅助的n.助手,助理;助教associatevt.联系;联合vi.交往n.合作人,同事associationn.协会,团体;交往;联合,合伙assumevt.假定,设想;假装;承担assumptionn.假定,设想;担任,承担assurevt.使确信;向…保证astonishvt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员,太空人astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在,当;[表示目标,方向]对,向;[表示速度,价格等]以athleten.运动员,运动选手Atlantica.大西洋的n. [the A・]大西洋atmospheren.空气;大气,大气层;气氛atomn.原子atomica.原子的,原子能的attachvt.贴上,系上,附上;使依附attackvt. / n.攻击,进攻,抨击;(病)发作attemptvt / n.试图,努力attendvt.出席;参加;照顾,护理vi. (to)注意,留意;专心于attentionn.注意,注意力,留意attituden.态度,看法attorneyn.律师,(业务或法律事务上的)代理人attractv.吸引,招引,引诱attractionn.吸引,吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的;有魅力的,动人的attributevt. (to)把…归因于n.属性,特征auctionn.拍卖vt.拍卖audiencen.听众,观众audion. /a.声音(的),听觉(的);音频(的), 音响(的)Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母Australian.澳洲;澳大利亚Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者authorityn.权利,权威;权威人士,(pl.)当局auto = automobileautomatica.自动的automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋,秋季availablea.可利用的;可得到的avenuen.林荫路,大街averagen.平均,平均数a.平均的;平常的,普通的avoidvt.避免,逃避awakea.醒着的;意识到的vt.唤醒,唤起Vi.醒来,醒悟,觉悟awardn.奖,奖品vt.授予,奖给awarea.知道的,意识到的awavad.远离,离开awfula.糟糕的,极坏的awkwarda.粗笨的,笨拙的;尴尬的,棘手的ax(e)n.斧子babyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.学士;单身汉backad.向后,后退,回复n.背,背面;后面a.后面的,背后的vt.使后退;支持backgroundn.背景;经历backward(s)a.向后的,相反的;落后的ad.向后地,倒,逆baconn.咸肉;熏肉bacterian. (pl.)细菌bada.坏的,恶的;有害的,不利的;低劣的,拙劣的;腐败的,臭的;不舒服的,病的; 严重的,厉害的bagn.袋,提包,背包baggagen.行李bakev.烤,烘,焙balancevt.使平衡n.平衡;差额,结余;天平,称balln.球,球状物;大型舞会balloonn.气球bamboon.竹子banVt.禁止;取缔,查禁n.禁止,禁令bananan.香蕉n ・条,带;乐队,军乐队;一群,一伙;波段bangn.巨响,爆炸声;猛击,猛撞vi.猛击,猛撞;发出砰的一声,砰砰作响vt.猛击,猛撞bankn ・岸,堤;银行bankern.银行家bankrupta.破产的vt.使破产n.破产者bannern.横幅;旗帜banquetm宴会,盛宴barn.棍,横木,闩;酒吧barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;极少的,仅有的barelyad.几乎没有;仅仅bargainv.讨价还价n.便宜货;交易barkvi.吠;叫骂n.树皮;吠声barnn.谷仓;牲口棚barreln.枪管,炮管;桶barriern.栅栏;障碍,屏障basen.基(础),底(座);基地vt. (on)把…建立在…基础上baseballn.棒球,棒球运动basementn.地下室basica.基本的,基础的,根本的;主要的, 首要的n.基础,基本basicallyad.基本地,根本地basinn.盆;盆地basisn.基础,基底;基准,根据basketn.篮子,篓basketballn.篮球(运动)batn.蝙蝠;球棒bathn.洗澡,沐浴;浴缸,浴盆,浴池bathroomn.浴室:盥洗室batteryn.电池(组)battlen.战斗,战役,斗争vi.战斗,战争,搏斗bayn.海湾bevi.是,就是,等于;在,存在bandaux.v.[与动词现在分词连用,构成各种进行时态][与及物动词的过去分词连用,构成被动语态][后接动词不定式,表示安排等]beachn.海滨,海滩beamn. 一束;一道横梁vi.发光,发热beann.豆,菜豆bearn.熊vt.忍受,容忍;负荷,负担;生育;心怀(爱憎等感情)beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人beatV.打败,战胜vt. /n.打,敲;战胜vi.跳动n.跳动;拍子,节拍beautifula.美的,美丽的beautyn.美,美丽;美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为becomevi.成为,变成bedn.床,床位;苗圃,花坛;河床,海底been.蜜蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep, /conj. 在…之前prep.在…前面ad. 从前,早些时候beforehandad.预先begv.乞讨;请求,恳求beggarn.乞丐,穷人beginV.开始,着手beginningn.开始,开端;起因behalfn.代表,利益behavev.举动,举止,表现behavio(u)rn.行为,举止behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,落后beingn.存在,生存;存在物,生物,人beliefn.相信;信仰,信条,信念believevt.相信,认为vi.相信,信任,信奉belln.钟,铃belongvi. (to)属,附属;归类于beloveda.心爱的belowprep.在…下ifi],在…以下ad.在下,以下,向下beltn.带,腰带benchn.长凳,条凳;工作台;台,座bendn.弯曲,曲折处vt.折弯,使屈曲beneathprep. 在…了方,在…Z卜ad.在下方beneficiala.有益的,有利的benefitn.利益,恩惠vt.有利于,受益于vi. (from)得益于besideprep.在…旁边;和…相比besidesad.而且,还有prep.除…之夕卜besta.最好的ad.最,最好betvt.以…打赌,与…打赌vi.赌,打赌n.打赌;赌注,赌金betrayn.背叛,辜负,暴銘bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好vt.改良,改善betweenprep.在…中间,在…之间ad.当中,中间beyondprep.在…那边,在…以外:超出,超过ad.在那边,在远外Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidvt.出价,投标n.出价,投标biga.大的,重要的bike = bicyclebilln.账单;票据;纸币;提案billionn.(美)十亿;(英)万亿bindvt.绑,包扎;束缚biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生;出身;起源birthdayn.生日biscuitn.饼干n. 一片,一点,一些bitev. /n.咬,叮n. 一口bittera.苦味的;痛苦的;严寒的blacka. /n.黑,黑色;黑昭n.黑色;黑人blackboardn.黑板bladen.刀刃,刀片;叶片;翼blamevt.责备,怪,怨;(on)把…归咎于n.(过错,事故等的)责任;责怪,责备blankn.空白;空白表格a.空白的,空着的;茫然的,无表情的blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastvt.炸掉,摧毁m爆炸,爆破;一阵(风)bleedvi.出血,流血blendv.混合,掺杂,调和n.混合;混合物blinda.盲的,瞎的;盲目的vt.使失明;蒙蔽blockvt.阻塞,封锁;n.街区,街段;大块(木料,石料,金属, 冰等);阻塞物,路障bloodn.血,血液;血统,血亲bloodva.流血的,;血腥的;残忍的bloomvi./n.开花,繁荣n.花;开花期blousen.女衬衫blowVi.吹,吹气,打气;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,打击bluea.蓝色的;脸色发灰的;忧郁的n.蓝色boardn.板,木板,纸板;董事会,理事会vt.上船/车/飞机boastvi. (of/about)夸耀,说大话vt.吹嘘;以拥有...而自豪n.自吹自擂boatn.船,小船bodvn.身体,躯体;主体;物体;厂体;(一)群,(一)批boilvi.沸腾vt.煮沸bolda.勇敢的;冒失的;醍日的;(线,字等)粗的bolt螺栓,插销;霹雳vt.闩门,关窗, 拴住bombn・炸弹vt.轰炸bondn・契约,公债,债券;联结,联系bonen・骨,骨骼bonusn・奖金;红利;额外津贴bookn.书,书籍vt.定,预定bookletn・小册子boomv./n.隆隆声;繁荣,兴隆起来boostvt./n.举起;提高,促进bootn.靴子boothn.电话亭;货摊bordern.边缘;边界,边境vi.交界,与…毗邻;与…相似borevt.钻洞,打眼,钻探;使厌烦n.令人讨厌的人/物boringa.令人厌烦的n.钻孔borna.出生的;天生的,生來的borrowvt.借,借用bossn.老板,上司,头儿bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双bothervt.打扰,麻烦vi.担心,烦恼n.烦恼,焦急bottlen.瓶子bottomn.底,底部bouncev. / n.(使)(球等)反弹,弹回;拍(球)bounda.必定,注定;受约束的;开往boundaryn.界线,边界bown.弓,弓形bowVi. /n.鞠躬,点头bowln.碗,钵boxn.箱子,盒子vi.拳击;打耳光boxingn.拳击boyn.男孩,儿子brainn.大脑,脑髓;(pl.)心智,智力brakev./ n.刹车m闸,制动器branchn.枝,树枝;分支,分科brandn.商标,(商品的)牌子brassn.黄铜;铜器;铜管乐器bravea.勇敢的,英勇的breadn.面包breadthn.宽度breakvt.打破,打碎;损坏,破坏,违反;中止D.(课间或工间)休息时间vi.破,破裂breakfastn.早饭,早餐breakthroughn.突破;突破性的发现breastn.胸脯,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息breathev.吸入,呼吸breedvt.牛殖,繁殖;牛产,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风bribevt./n.贿赂,(向…)行贿brickn.砖,砖状物briden.新娘bridgen.桥,桥梁;桥牌briefa.简短的,简洁的;短暂的vt.简单介绍briefcasen.公文包brighta.明亮的,光明的;聪明的,伶俐的;快活的,美好的;(颜色)鲜艳的brillianta.辉煌的,灿烂的;杰出的,有才华的bringv.拿来,带来;产生,引起;使处于某种状态Britainn.(大)不列颠;英国Britisha.(大)不列颠(人)的;英国(人)的n.英国人broada.宽,广,广阔;宽宏,豁达broadcastn. /v.广播,播音bronzen.青铜[铜与锡合金];铜像adj.青铜色的brothern.兄弟,同胞brown.眉,眉毛browsev. / n.浏览browna. / n.棕色brushvt.刷n.刷,毛刷,画笔bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡vi.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.吊桶,水桶budgetn.预算vi.做预算,编入预算buildvt.修建,建造,建立buildingn.建筑物,大楼bulbn.灯泡;球状物bulkn.体积,容积;大块,大批;大部分, 主体bulln.公牛bulletn.子弹,枪弹bulletinn.公报,公告:公示bumpv.碰(伤);颠簸bunchn. 一束,一串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,重担,负担;义务,责任bureaun.司,局,处,部,所,署burnv.燃烧,烧毀V. /n.灼伤,烧伤burstvi./n.破裂,爆炸vi. (into)突然发生,突然发作burvbusn.公共汽车bushn.灌木,灌木丛businessn.生意,业务;事务,职责;行业busy乳忙,忙碌;热闹的,繁忙的;(电话)占线butconj.可是,但是,然而prep.除…之外ad.只,仅仅butchern.屠夫,卖肉者buttern.黄油,奶油butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.扣子;按钮vt.亨口,亨口紧buyvt.买,购买byprep.在…旁,靠近;被,由;在…前, 到…为止;经,沿,通过;[表示方法,手段]靠,用,通过;按照,根据ad.在旁,近旁,经过byeint.再见Ccabn.出租车cabbagen.卷心菜,廿蓝cabinn.小木屋;机舱,船舱cabinetn.橱柜;内阁cablen.缆,索;电缆;海底电报n.咖啡;咖啡馆;酒吧cagen.笼,鸟笼caken.饼,糕,蛋糕calciumn.钙calculateVt.计算,推算;估计,推测;计划,打算calculatorn.计算器calendarn. Fl历,月历callvt.叫做,称为;叫,招呼;打电话Vi.拜访,访问;叫,招呼;打电话n•叫,招呼;号召;拜访,访问;打电话calma.平静,镇静,沉着n.(使)镇静,(使)镇定n.平静,风平浪静cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机,摄影机campn.野营,营地,帐篷vi.设营,宿营campaignn.战役;运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux. v.能,会;可能;可以n. 罐头,铁罐,易拉罐Canadan.加拿大Canadiana.加拿大(人)的n.加拿大人canaln.运河,渠cancelvt.取消,撤销;删去cancern.癌candidaten.候选人;报考者;求职者candlen.蜡烛candyn.[美]糖果capn.便帽,军帽;帽状物capabilityn.能力,才能;性能,容量capablea.能干的,有能力的,有才能的capacityn.容量,容积;能量;能力;接受力capitaln.首都;资本,资金a.主要的,基本的captainn.首领,队长;船长,舰长;陆军上尉, 海军上校capturevt.捕获, 捉拿; 夺取, 攻占carn.汽车, 车辆,车carbonn.碳cardn・卡片,名片;纸片caren.注意, 小心;挂念;照顾,照料vi.关心, 计较; 喜欢, 愿意careern ・生涯, 经历;专业, 职业carefula.小心的,仔细的carelessa.粗心的,草率的cargon.船货,货物carpentern.木工,木匠carpetn.地毯carriagen.马车,客车,车厢carriern.搬运人;携带者;运载工具carrotn.胡萝卜carryVt.搬运,运送,携带;传送,传播cartn.手推车;两轮运货马车cartoonn.卡通画,漫I田i;卡通片,动画片casen.事实,情况;案件;病例;箱子,盒子cashn.现金,现款cashiern.出纳员cassetten.盒式录音/录像带castvt.投,掷,抛;铸造n.演员表castlem城堡casuala.随便的;偶然的;临时的catn.猫catalog(ue)n.目录vt.将…编入冃录catchvt.捕,捉;赶上;感染,染上病;听淸楚categoryn.种类,别,[逻]范畴cattlen.[复数]牛causen.原因,理由,缘故;事业,奋斗目标vt.引起cautionn. /vt.警告;小心;告诫caven.洞,窖洞ceasev.停止,中止ceilingn.天花板celebratevt.庆祝,庆贺celln.细胞;电池cellarn.地窖;地下室Celsiusa.摄氏的cementn.水泥centn.分,分币;(作单位用)百center / ・tren.中心,中央v.集中centigradea.摄氏温度的centimeter /n.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,百年cerealn.谷类制食物;谷物ceremonyn.仪式,典礼,礼节certaina.确实的,可靠的;某一,某些;一定的,必然的certainlyad.必定,定;当然,行certificaten.证(明)书chainn.链,链条;一连串,连锁chairn.椅子;主席chairmann.主席,议长,会长chalkn.粉笔challengen.挑战,挑战书;艰巨任务,难题vt.向…挑战chambern.室;议院championm冠军,优胜者chancen.机会,机遇;可能性,偶然性,运气changeV. /n.改变,变化vt.换,兑换n.找头,零头channeln.海峡,水道,沟渠,渠道;频道chapn.小伙子;家伙chaptern.章,回,篇charactern.性格,品质;特性,特征;人物,角色;(书写或印刷)符号,(汉字)characteristica.特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/-izevt.描绘…的特性,刻划…的性格chargevt.控诉,控告;要价,收费;装,(满),充电;袭击,冲锋n.罪名,指控;收费;主管,看管;充电charityn.慈善事业(行为);施舍;慈悲;博爱charmn.魅力,魔力;咒文;护咒vt.迷住;使陶醉chartn.图表,图chartern.宪章,共同纲领;特许状,许可证;(飞机、汽车等的)包租vt.包租(飞机、汽车的)chasev./n.追赶,追逐chatvi./n.聊天cheapa.便宜,贱;低劣,劣质的cheatvt.欺骗,骗取vi.作弊,欺诈n.欺骗;骗子checkvt. /n.检查,核对;制止,控制n.支票,账单cheekn.面颊cheerv. / n.喝采,欢呼vt.使高兴,使振作cheerfula.快乐的,高兴的cheesen.干酪,乳酪chemicala.化学的n.化学制品/产品/物质/成分chemistn.化学家,药剂师chemistryn.化学cheque = checkn.支票,账单chessn.棋chestn.柜子,橱;胸脯,胸腔chewV.咀嚼chickenn.小鸡,鸡肉chiefa.主要的,首要的n.领袖,首领childn. (pl. children)孩子,儿童,子女childhoodn.幼年,童年chilln.凉气,寒气;寒战chimneyn.烟囱,烟筒chinn.下巴chinan.瓷器Chinesea.中国(人/话)的n.屮国人,汉语chipn.薄皮,碎片;集成,电路块chocolaten.巧克力choicen.选择;选择机会chokev./n.使窒息,噎住;阻塞choosevt.选择,挑拣chopV.砍,劈,剁碎n・砍,劈,剁;排骨Christn.救世主Christiann・基督教徒a・基督教(徒)的Christinasn.圣诞节churchn.教堂,(C・)教会cigarn.雪茄烟cigaret(te)n.香烟,纸烟cineman.电影院circlen.圆,圈,圆周;圈子,集团;周期, 循环v.环绕,盘旋;划圈circuitn.电路,线路circulara.圆形的;循坏的circulateV.(使)循环,(使)流通circumstancen. (pl・)情形,环境,条件citizenn.公民,市民,居民cityn.城市,都市civiladj.市民的,公民的,国民的;民间的; 民事的,根据民法的;文职的civilization / -sationn.文明,文化civilize / ・isevt.使文明,使廿化claimvt.声称,主张;要求,认领,索赔n.权利;要求;主张clarifyvi.澄清,阐明vt.使明晰clashvi/n.碰撞;冲突classn.种类,等级,阶级;班,班级,年级; (一节)课classicn.名著,杰作classicala.经典的,古典的classificationn.分类,分级classifyvt.分类,分级classmaten.同班同学classroomn.教室clausen.子句,从句;(章程、条约等的)条,项; 条款clawn.爪clayn.泥土,黏土cleana.清洁的,干净的vt.弄清洁,擦干净cleara.明亮的,清澈的;晴朗的a. /ad.清楚,清晰vt. 清除;澄清;晴朗起来clerkn.办事员,职员,店员clevera.聪明的,伶俐的;机敏的,机巧的clickn.—击clientn.顾客;委托人;当事人cliffn.崖,悬崖climaten.气候;风气,社会思潮climbV. /n.爬,攀登clingvi. to)粘着;缠着;坚持clinicn.诊所clinicala.门诊的,临床的clockn.钟clockwisead. /a.顺时针方向地/的clonen.克隆v.克隆closev.关,关闭;结束a.近的;紧密的,亲密的;周密的,仔细的n.结束,了结ad.接近,紧密地closetn.私室;密室;小房间clothn.布,织物,衣料;(一块)布clothesn.衣服clothingn.[总称]衣服cloudn.云,云状物cloudya.多云,阴;似云的;模糊不清的clubn.俱乐部,社;棒,球棒cluen.线索;提示clumsya.笨拙的coachn.客车,长途汽车;私人教练,教练v.训练,辅导,指导coaln.煤,煤块coarsea.粗,粗糙,粗劣;粗鲁,粗俗coastn.海岸,海滨coatn.外套,上衣;涂层V.涂上,包上cockn.公鸡,雄鸟; 旋塞, 开关coden.代码。

在职攻硕英语联考(英译汉)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)

在职攻硕英语联考(英译汉)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)

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研究生考试英语翻译终极版.doc

考研英语翻译真题及译文2011(46)Allerts contribution was to take an assumption we al 1 share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature- 参考翻译:艾伦的贡献在于提供了我们能分担和揭示错误性质的假设一因为我们不是机器人,因此我们能够控制我们的理想(47)whi 1 e we may be able to sustain the i 1 lusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: ''Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? “参考翻译:我们可以单独通过意识维持控制的感觉,但实际上我们一直面临着一个问题,为什么我不能完成这件事情或那件事情(48)This seems a justification for neglcct of those in need, and a rationalization of expl oitati on, of the superiority of those at the top and the inf er i or ity of those at the bottom.参考翻译:这似乎可能为必要时的忽视正名,也能合理说明剥削,以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于后层人们的劣势感(49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been ''wronged" then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation参考翻译:环境似乎是为了挑选出我们的强者,而且如果我们感觉受了委屈,那么我们就不可能有意识的做岀努力逃离我们原来的处境(50)The upside is the possibi 1 ities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possibie. 参考翻译:正面在于我们处于这样的位置,知道所有事情都取决与我们自己,之前我们对着一系列的限制,而现在我们成了权威201046.Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that in sects woul d eat us up if birds failed to control them.参考翻译:科学家急忙介入,但提岀的证据显然站不住脚,其大意是,如果鸟类不能控制昆虫的数量,昆虫便会吞噬我们人类。

考研英语英译汉

考研英语英译汉
在进行了绘画方面的探索之后又回到自己领域的雕塑家
pun-1
---This coffee tastes like mud.
---Well, it was ground this morning.
grind
v. 1. 磨(碎), 碾(碎), 折磨 2. (Informal) to devote oneself to study or work: 【非正式用语】 苦干,苦学:完全投身于学习或工作中; e.g. grinding for a test: 为考试埋头苦读; grinding away at housework. 埋头做家务 n. (Informal) a laborious task, routine, or study: 【非正式用语】 苦力,苦差:费力的任务、日常工作或学习: the daily grind. 每天必做的苦差

仅这一点就足以证明,要在电视行业里生 存下来并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一事 实,在80个欧洲电视网中,多达一半在1989 年亏损。
2005
(49) Creating a “European identity”
that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice ---that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.
[译文]另一方面,法律又将正义、民主和自由这些
观念与日常生活中的实际联系在一起,其方式就如同 新闻工作者在报道和评论新闻事件时,以日常生活为 基础,使这些观念与实际情况相结合一样。

在职硕士英语课文翻译

在职硕士英语课文翻译

1\Science and literature2管理工作3在美国旅游4Bull fighting斗牛5动物基因焦虑6林肯7音乐会8利用互联网作弊,虽然人们总把伦理学看作是哲学的一个分支,重要的是教师要有真正的同情心,能对他人表示理解9 Plagiarism剽窃10音乐,在过去的两年中,我一直是一年一度校园歌咏比赛的积极参加者,让我们假设人们听音乐有三个层面。

11为什么摇滚歌星不能真正表达他们歌唱时的痛苦12二战期间,凯瑟琳·琼斯在部队当护士。

13―到我的房间去‖14一些粗制滥造的电影是非常普遍的15Hollywood Visible Laserbeams16 Two Ways of Understanding有两种理解模式—--古典模式和浪漫模式17An American Malady美国人的孤独并没有恐外成份Unit 1 Text1 What‘s the Big Idea?Nokia sponsors a wide range of educational, cultural and other activities. One of the most unusual ac tivities was the sponsoring of ―Future Histories‖, a collection of stories by prominent writers of science fiction .Why should a telecommunications company become involved with literature? It could be called ―research‖.诺基亚公司举办了一系列有关教育文化的的意义活动。

其中最不寻常的一项活动是举办―未来的历史‖,由科幻小说作家们收集的小说故事系列。

为什么一个通讯公司变得与文学有牵涉,它就是所谓的―科学研究‖。

在职硕士公共英语部分课文翻译

在职硕士公共英语部分课文翻译

Science and literature have traditionally been hostile to each other. Writers have regarded scientists as dull creatures who take pleasure in destroying great words of the imagination with boring facts. Scientists have thought of writers as frivolous people with no respect for the rules of evidence. At the heart of their mutual suspicion is the question of who owns the truth. Does something become real when it is imagined or when it is physically created?科学和文学传统上就相互敌对。

文学作家认为:科学家们是一群愚蠢的生物,他们总是破坏人类伟大的想象取乐。

科学家则认为:文人作家们是轻浮的,没有尊循事实依据,两者相猜疑的中心交点在于:到底是谁拥有真理事实,是先有想像后来成成真呢?还是实际设计出变成真的?Science fiction is the one area where these tow opposing groups have met and exchanged ideas . As its name suggests, science fiction is literature which predicts the technology of the future and the effect this will have on human society .Over the years many of their speculations have been remarkably accurate. Space travel, communications satellites, nuclear power, robotics, cloning and mobile telephony have all appeared in books before they appeared in reality.科幻小说是两大对立集团相互邂逅并交流思想的公共领域。

大学英语考研翻译—英译汉试题集

大学英语考研翻译—英译汉试题集

大学英语考研翻译—英译汉试题集一、考研英语翻译英译汉1.The general manager public relations person as well as the head of the company’s management.A) 总经理不仅要当好公关人员,而且要领导好公司。

B) ,也一定要当好公司的领导。

C) 总经理不仅是公司的管理首脑,还必须起某种公关人物的作用。

D) 总经理要管理好自己的公司,首先必须管理好公司的公关人员。

【答案】C2. If you require , your application should be in the Student Financial Aid Services at least three weeks before your registration date.A) 如果你需要资助学费,应向助学办公室提出申请,。

B) 如果你需要申请贷款交纳学费,你应该至少在三周内到助学办公室登记注册。

C) 如果你需要减免学费,应到助学办公室提出申请,手续。

D) 如果你需要学费资助,最迟应该在注册日期三周前将你的申请交到助学办公室。

【答案】D3. Bidding documents can be obtained at the following address upon receipt of a non-refundable payment of RMB ¥2.799 each set.A) 标书要寄到下列地址,2,799元,标书文本不得更改。

B) 招标文件可在下列地址获取,每套文件为人民币2,799元,不可退换。

C) 可向下列地址索取招标文件,每套需支付人民币2,799元,恕不退款。

D) 到下列地点办理相关招标手续,交付人民币2,799元,标书不得更改。

【答案】C4. Peace and development are the main themes(主题)of the times, an era full of both hope and challenges.A.和平与发展是充满了时代希望和挑战的主题。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷15.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷15.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷15.doc [考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷15英译汉1 The balance of nature is a very elaborate and very delicate system of checks and counterchecks. It is continually being altered as climates change, as new organisms evolve, as animals or plants permeate to new areas. But the alterations have in the past, for the most part, been slow, whereas with the arrival of civilized man, their speed has been multiplied manifold: from the evolutionary time-scale, where change is measured by periods of ten or a hundred thousand years, they have been transferred to the human time-scale in which centuries and even decades count.Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature. He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously. He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization. He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favours the multiplication of others. In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million.Many of these changes which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequences. Who would have thought that the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers' wives would have led to Eastern Australia being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear? Who would have prophesied that the cutting down of forests on the Adriatic coasts, or in parts of Central Africa, could have reduced the land to a semi desert, with the very soil washed away from the bare rock? Who would have thought that improved communications would have changed history by the spreading of disease-sleeping sickness into East Africa, measles into Oceania, very possibly malaria into ancient Greece?2 Biogas: a Solution to Many ProblemsIn almost all developing countries, the lack of adequate supplies of cheap, convenient and reliable fuel is a major problem. Rural communities depend largely on kerosene, wood and dung for their cooking and lighting needs. But kerosene is now priced out of reach of many people and wood, except in heavily forested areas, is in short supply. The search for firewood occupies a large part of the working day and has resulted in widespread deforestation.Dung is in constant supply wherever there are farm animals and, when dried, it is convenient to store and use. But burning dung destroys its value as fertilizer, thus depriving the soil of a much needed source of humus and nitrogen.Rural areas of developing countries are also plagued by a lack of adequate sanitation. Improper waste disposal spreads disease, contaminates water sources and provides breeding grounds for disease—carrying insects.The problems of improving environmental hygiene, conserving resources and finding alternative sources of fuel may be unrelated. Their solutions, however, are not, as many countries experimenting with biogas technology are discovering. Biogas, a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide, is produced by the fermentation of organic matter. The process of anaerobic fermentation is a natural one, occurring whenever living matter decomposes. By containing the matter—and the process—in a digester or biogas plant, the combustible gas can be trapped and used as fuel for household lighting and cooking. The digested slurry that remains can be used on the land as a soil conditioner and fertilizer.Biogas plants have attracted much interest in recent years and they are in use in several Asian countries: 36000 are reported in rural areas of India, 27000 in Korea and more than 80000 in China. In most countries the value of the gas has been the prime factor leading to their adoption: 70 percent of India' s plants, for instance, were built during the energy and fertilizer crisis of 1975-1976—although their use in that country dates back to 1951. Similarly in Thailand and Korea, biogas is being investigated as an alternative to costly charcoal ad to save compost materials from being burned.3 Preserving Water SourcesRecently we held a successful daylong workshop that was attended by local primary and secondary school teachers as well as several university students representing the environmental groups on their campuses. The workshop was unique: To convey how critical water is to the survival of society, we showed to what an extent our bodies are water and how the natural environment also revolves around it. We depicted the intimate connection between the functions of the human body and water, and further showed how human systems have parallels in nature. Our participants were amazed that, when shown on the same scale, the human cardiovascular system of veins and arteries and an aerial view of a river system were so much alike as to be indistinguishable. We also showed them the similarities between a human bone and a tree. Nerves, when a person experiences pleasure, look relaxed and have many curves, like a healthy river that also has numerous bends and curves. We contrasted these with a picture of a nerve straight and stiff as it feels pain; alongside it we placed a picture of a river that has been manipulated by human engineering and rendered straight, unhealthy and lifeless.Once our participants had gained a new appreciation for water, the urgent need to protect this precious resource became plain to them. We followed up by spending some time thinking about concrete projects that they could undertake with their students or green groups.Many great project ideas were voiced that day and some are already getting underway.A secondary school in Tianjin is beginning a campus greening project and wants to include greywater treatment as well as rainwater collection in their plan. Students from a local university are campaigning to reduce the water usage in their bathhouses. Currently, students pay one price for a shower of unlimited length, which invariably leads to waste. Their approach to cutting waste includes changing the pricing scheme and replacing the showerheads in their bathhouses with a water-saving type.4 Energy CrisisThe U. S. Census Bureau has estimated that the population of the United States could approach 300 million in 2000 and will be 400 million in 2020. And the U. S. Department of Commerce estimates that the average U. S. per capital income will increase from $ 3, 400 in 1969 to the equivalent of $ 8, 300 ( assuming a 1967 price level) in the year 2000, 2. 5 times as much as that of 1969.According to government statistics, in the United States, there are over 110 million cars and 15 million commercial vehicles or trucks. And "more people" means "more cars". By the end of the twenties of next century, the population of the United States will have doubled that of today and the number of automobiles will be doubled as well. Andin twenty years' time the per capita income will also be 2. 5 times higher than it is now. If this increased income is spent on more and larger automobiles, larger houses, and increased consumption of other material goods, the results could cause catastrophic resource exhaustion, and pollution. Take the increase of the consumption of oil for instance. The consumption is so huge that the oil reserves might last only a decade or two if not supplemented by imports.Ten years ago it appeared that nuclear power would solve the anticipated energy crisis. Although supplies of uranium fuel were known to be limited and might become exhausted in half a century, the nuclear power plant has for a long time been a favorite project. But work on it has met with grave problems. The fear of possible atomic explosion and the problem of disposing of polluting byproduct waste have slowed down the construction of further nuclear plants. Eventually atomic technology may be able to control these problems, but at present there seems to be little agreement along atomic scientists about when this can be achieved.5 Thinking about going off the beaten path for your next vacation? If so, you might be one of the many people who are enjoying a relatively new mode of travel known as ecotourism. As the name implies, ecotourism focuses on conserving the ecology and natural heritage of tourist destinations. In addition, ecotourism features indigenous cultures and promotes ways for local communities to control and maintain their resources. In the past, vacationers usually spent their time staying at luxury hotels and visiting famous landmarks and museums in cities such as New York, Paris and Tokyo. Otherspreferred to relax on the beautiful beaches of Hawaii or the deck of a cruise ship in the sunny Caribbean. There was little interaction with the local people and overcrowding often spoiled the natural beauty of popular vacation spots. In addition, excessive commercialization turned many places into tourist traps.Since the early 1980s, however, adventure-oriented and nature-based vacation activities have become increasingly popular. Developing alongside a global rise in environmental consciousness and respect for cultural diversity, ecotourism is the one of the fastest growing sectors of the travel and tourism industry. Mountain climbing in the Himalayas, roughing it on a wilderness expedition, trekking in the Amazon rainforest and whale watching on the high seas are attractive alternatives to the urban comforts of five-star hotels and classy restaurants.But ecotourism means more than just traveling to remote destinations. The concept also emphasizes educating visitors about local people, customs and cultural heritage. Perhaps most importantly , it involves a methodical approach to tourism that minimizes the negative impact on natural habitats and gives host communities a leading role in decision-making processes, along with the lion' s share of economic benefits.As tourism might be the largest industry in the world, sustainable growth strategies should be adopted to ensure that our natural and cultural heritage is preserved for the enjoyment and benefit of future generations.。

在职研究生英语专业翻译学习资料

在职研究生英语专业翻译学习资料

在职研究生英语专业翻译学习资料Translation一、英汉句式结构对比与翻译英文句式结构1. S+V (主+谓)e.g. 1 He laughed.2. S+V+O (主+谓+宾)e.g. 2 Mary is reading Harry Potter.3. S+V+O+O.C. (主+谓+宾+宾语补足语)e.g. 3 We heard them quarreling.4. S+V+D.O.+I.O. (主+谓+直接宾语+间接宾语)e.g. 4 He gave me some first-hand material.5. S+link. V +P (主+系+表)e.g. 5 He is in a dangerous situation.英文的基本句式结构:主谓结构高度语法化的句式结构主语: 动作发出者 (doer/agent) 或动作承受者 (doee)谓语动词: 始终与主语保持一致 (主谓一致)e.g. 他处于危险的境地。

/ 他处境很危险。

(第五种句型) 部分汉语句子与上述英文句子基本对应。

中文句式结构1. 主谓结构 (S+V)e.g. 1 他没来。

He didn't come.e.g. 2 全家人都在看电视。

(S+V+O)The family are watching TV.e.g. 3 我们看见很多人站在广场上。

(S+V+O+O.C.)We saw may people standing on the square.e.g. 4 你能递给我那本书吗? (S+V+I.O.+D.O.)Would you please pass me the book?e.g. 5 他看起来很失望。

(S+link. V +P)He looks very disappointed.总结:Doer+do(active) / Doee+be done(passive)2. 主题-评述句(Topic+Comment/Theme+Rheme)汉语句子“话题性”强,结构常为话题+评述、陈述、描述e.g. 1 大象,鼻子长。

研究生英语考试英译汉翻译参考

研究生英语考试英译汉翻译参考

研究生英语考试英译汉翻译参考1、It takes persistence to succeed.Attitude also matters.成功需要毅力。

态度也很重要。

I have never thought I was better than anyone else, but I have always believed Icouldn`t be outworked.我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强,但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。

2、As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Netmarket forward , resulting in the Internet itself becoming the world`s largest emerging market.当网络化高速地推动经济的时候,经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展。

其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。

Of course , this is just the beginning .当然这还仅仅是个开始。

Although there are many companies , which made huge profits investing in the Internet market, they tend to be small companies , like Yahoo ( at that time ).尽管在国际互联网市场上投资的许多公司都赚了大钱,但它们通常是一些小公司,如雅虎之类。

3、Sustainable management is seen as a practical and economical way of protectingspecies from extinction.人们把可持续管理视为一种保护物种使之免于绝迹的实用而又经济的办法。

大学英语考研试题翻译—英译汉及答案

大学英语考研试题翻译—英译汉及答案

大学英语考研试题翻译—英译汉及答案一、考研英语翻译英译汉1. It is better to take your time at this job than to hurry and make mistakes.A.最好的工作要慢慢找,不要太着急。

B.工作中不要太急,免得出错。

C.干这活最好要慢点不要匆忙,免得出错。

D.最好要多花点时间在工作上,免得忙中出错。

【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是“It is better to do sth. than to do sth. ”和“take yore time”。

“It is better to do sth. than to do sth. ”这个句型表示是两件事情的比较,“最好采取……,而不是……”选项A理解出错,选项B没有把这种比较的意思表达出来,选项D 没有翻译出“this job”。

知识模块:英译汉2. Not until the problem 0f talents and funds is solved, is our talking about the project meaningful.A.不到解决人才和资金问题的时候,无须讨论这项工程的。

B.讨论这项工程有无意义要看人才和资金问题能否得到解决。

C.只有解决了人才和资金问题,讨论这项工程才有意义。

D.解决人才和资金问题与讨论这项工程具有同样重要的意义。

【答案】C【解析】本题的翻译要点是对“Not until…”这个句型的理解。

该句表示强调,意为“直到……才”。

选项D对句型理解有误。

选项A和选项B没有把强调的语气翻译出来,且选项A后半句有漏译现象。

知识模块:英译汉3. us of the overcharge on your account and we have contacted the store on your behalf and are awaiting their reply.A) 承蒙告知您受到恶意透支的指控,我们已经派代表与商店联系并正在等待回音。

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在职考研英语之英译汉1、英译汉的考试内容“英译汉”是在职硕士研究生入学考试英语试题的第五部分。

要求考生在阅读并准确理解的基础上,把一段150-200个词的一般性题材的文章,在30分钟内译成通顺的汉语,共计10分。

要求达到的翻译速度为每小时400个词。

近七年在职硕士英语考试翻译所考查的内容2008年: 考查抽烟与广告的关系2007年: 考查休息/睡眠与人精力的关系2006年: 考查安全措施与交通事故的关系2005年: 考查环境污染与饮用水的保护2004年: 考查电子邮件的作用及所带来问题2003年: 考查香港老一代与青年人之间的代沟从上述可见,翻译考试的内容以日常生活题材为主,偶尔为科技新成就。

该项考题要求汉语译文准确、完整、通顺。

英译汉属于主观题,要求考生将答案写在答题纸2上。

英译汉作为阅读理解的一部分,主要是考查考生准确理解概念或结构比较复杂的英语材料的能力。

要做好英译汉的题目,考生既要有较强的理解英语句子的能力,又要有英译汉的基本技能。

在翻译过程中,考生必须全面理解文章内容,并且遵循翻译的基本原则,根据对文章的理解,灵活处理一般性翻译技巧和具体句型翻译的关系、概念的直译与意译之间的关系等(一般以直译为主,无法译的词句可进行意译)。

2、英译汉的命题特点英译汉试题的选材大体以介绍性的文章为主,是从报刊、杂志中摘选的片段。

但涉及到的内容和意思有相对的独立性。

英译汉试题的选材内容多是生活常识性、科普性的文章。

这是由于在职研究生工作时间较长,专业英语遗忘较多,要兼顾人文和理工各科考生,生活常识性文章较为适合。

文章的语言规范,逻辑严谨,句型结构工整。

由于材料内容常常与当年的热点话题和人们普遍关心的问题有关,因此,平时阅读一些英文报纸、杂志会对考试有所帮助。

3、英译汉试题的句型结构英译汉试题所包含的2-3段文字中,有的句子比较长,且结构较为复杂,包含两个或以上的从句或非谓语形式。

它要求考生对句子结构有分析和准确理解的能力,对段落整体进行理解,对生词能够根据上下文猜词义,在把握通篇的基础上,进行有效翻译。

4、英译汉试题的用词特征英译汉所考句子的用词,有的词词性用法灵活,一词多义的现象不时出现,而平时所掌握的词汇意思套上去常常不适用。

因此在翻译中,尤其要注意词汇在上下文中的引申意思,予以转译。

另外,固定搭配或词组也较多,需考生熟练而准确地译出其义。

“英译汉”被设计为阅读理解的一部分,它自然也要求考生具备理解能力,这也符合翻译在语境中理解句子意思的规律,更体现了“准确的理解是翻译的前提”这种要求。

只有根据情景猜出生词的意思,读懂文章的内容,才能做到准确、通顺地传达原文的意思。

5、英译汉句子的表达习惯英译汉句子常常体现英语思维习惯,难以和汉语语序和结构对等理解。

综上所述,在职研究生入学英语考试英译汉试题的特点是:翻译是阅读理解的一部分,即对文章准确的理解是准确翻译的基础;翻译中对英语材料的准确理解与阅读理解中的准确理解是不同的概念,翻译中所谓的“准确理解”在于准确把握每一个概念的意思,每一层语法的修饰关系;对文章的准确理解只是翻译的前提和基础,是翻译的第一步。

翻译的过程包括把理解准确的英语翻译成通顺的、符合表达习惯的汉语。

既然翻译就是考察学生对英语汉语词汇、语法和意群等进行编码和再编码的过程,那么考生的汉语表达不仅要准确通顺,同时还要考虑到上下文衔接,通过全文来准确理解汉语的意思。

而且在翻译中要运用适当的技巧,如精选词义、词性转换、词义引申、增词与减词、正反译法、顺序和逆序译法、长句拆译、被动语态译法等。

其中,尤其重要的是一.审视上下文,分析所遇生词的构成,猜出其词义翻译同样需要考生对单词的含义有充分的理解和应用。

对于重点的单词,除了需根据上下文来判断词义,借助文章所要表达的意思,通过自己的理解和推理,来猜出某个单词在这篇文章中的特定意思之外,更加需要考生对其词性、词根、词缀、固定搭配有很深的掌握。

当然,考研翻译重点是考查单词的用法,并不是简单考查单词的记忆,也就是考察一个单词在特定的句子里面的特定意思。

每一个单词都有自己特定的词性和构词规则,这就需要依靠英语语言基本功来确定其含义。

当然,每一个人都有属于自己的英语学习方法和做题方法,但要想真达到信手拈来的熟练地步,还需要在不断的翻译实践中摸索出适合自己的方法。

二.深入把握句子结构,充分理解其义考研翻译多是对结构比较复杂的英语文字材料进行考查,例如英语的长难句,拆分句子结构等。

要做到准确理解句子结构,就需要从通过句法来分析句子,明确知道哪些是主干部分,哪些是修饰部分,以此来确定句子的逻辑关系。

通常的方法,是先找出句子的主语和谓语,去除定语、状语和补语等修饰成分,确定主语、谓语中心词,然后根据英语语法分析充当定语、状语和补语的短语或从句。

三.自如转换词性、调换语序,准确表达原句意思英文的意思表达有多都是跟汉语不同的,为了能够更加准确的表达其意思,很多时候都要根据汉语习惯改变英语句子中的词性,如名词转换为动词,其形容词相应转换为副词;介词转换为动词,一个副词转换为片语乃至句子等。

这样的翻译得灵活,句子也漂亮。

此外,很多情况下,可改变句子原文的顺序和语序,做到准确、通顺地表达原文的含义。

将原来的英文句子顺序打乱,进行重新调整与组合,即重新编码,这样改写后的汉语句子才能更加准确表达原句各个成分之间的逻辑联系,同时又能照顾到汉语的思维与表达习惯。

达到“信”和“达”标准。

另外,为正确表达句子的整体含义,通常就需要弄清句子中哪些是主干,哪些是修饰成分,它们之间有什么样的逻辑关系,这样能使汉语译文更加忠于原文,表达也更加通顺流畅。

下面请分析近年来在职考研真题中翻译题形的解题要求和常考的技能。

08考题Globally, most smokers start smoking before the age of 18,with almost a quarter of those beginning before t he age of 10.从全球范围来看,大多数吸烟者在18岁以前就开始吸烟,他们当中几乎有四之分一的人()10岁就开始吸烟。

The younger children are when they first trying smoking, the more likely they are to become regular tobacco users and the less likely they are to quit.孩子开始吸烟的年龄越小,(他们)越有可能成为普通(真正、地道的)吸烟者,而且越不可能戒掉。

A strong link between advertising and smoking in young people has been proven.已经证明,广告和年轻人抽烟之间有一种紧密的联系。

The more aware and appreciative young people are of tobacco advertising, the more likely they are to smoke or say they intend to.年轻人对于烟草广告知道得越多,鉴赏力越好,他们()越有可能会抽烟。

As a result, the tobacco industry spends billions of dollars worldwide each year spreading its marketing net as widely as possible to attract young customers.结果烟草公司每年花费数十亿美元在全球传播其营销网络,尽可能广泛地吸引年轻消费者。

Tobacco companies market their products wherever youth can be easily accessed---in the movies, on the Internet, in fashion magazines, and at music concerts and sports events.烟草公司的产品在年轻人很容易得到的所有场所销售――电影院、互联网、时尚杂志以及音乐会和体育比赛。

(烟草公司在电影院、互联网、时尚杂志以及音乐会和体育赛事的产品在年轻人很容易得到的所有场所销售――)In response to this threat, World No Tobacco Day 2008 campaigns for a:Total ban on all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship by the tobacco industry.作为对这一威胁(危害于年轻人健康行为)的回应,2008年“世界无烟日”由烟草业宣传并赞助发动了全面禁止各种各样烟草广告的活动。

(2008年“世界无烟日”组织发起了全面禁止各种各样烟草广告的活动,这一活动由烟草业赞助并宣传)07考题Getting a proper amount of rest is absolutely essential for building your energy resources.获得适量的休息对于积聚你的体能而言是绝对必要的。

If you frequently work far into night or have a poor sleep, it stands to reason that you may start feeling a little run down.如果你经常工作到深夜或者睡眠不佳,那说明()你开始感到有些疲乏。

Though everybody is different, most people need at least seven to eight hours at night in order to function at their best.尽管()因人而异,()绝大多数人每晚需要至少7-8小时的睡眠,身体功能才会最佳。

If you have been lacking energy, try going to bed earlier at night.如果你一直缺乏精力,请常识晚上早些就寝。

If you can wake up feeling well-rested, it will be an indication that you are staring to get an appropriate amount of sleep at night.如果你醒来时感到休息得很好,这说明你晚间的睡眠量已开始正常。

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