翻译课选修课内部资料参考答案Unit3-Unit5

Unit 3 Translation Techniques

Ⅷ. Practical Translation Training（翻译实践练习）

1. English-Chinese Translation

以书为友

要了解一个人，通常除了可以通过他所交往的朋友之外，也可以通过他所阅读的书籍来认识他。因为一个人就像与朋友有友情一样，与书也有交情。一个人应该经常生活在最佳友伴之中，不管这友伴是书还是人。

一本好书可以成为你最要好的朋友中的一员。它过去始终如此，现在仍是这样，将来也绝不会改变。书是所有伴侣中伴侣中最有耐心，最令人愉悦的一位。它不会在我们身处逆境或悲伤痛苦的境况下背弃我们。它总是给我们以同样的亲切感，年轻时给我们以乐趣和教诲，年老时予我们以舒适与安慰。

人们经常会发现由于对同一本书的爱好而产生一种共鸣——正如两个人有时会因同时仰慕另一人而彼此成为朋友一样。古谚云：“爱屋及乌。”但更明智的说法毋宁是：“爱吾及书”。书是连接友谊的更真实、更高尚的纽带。人们可以因为喜爱某一作家而同思、同感、同情。他们一道生活在作者的世界中，作者与他们随时相伴。

2.Chinese-English Translation

Water Splashing Festival

Water splashing is the main New Year celebration activity of the Dai people. People splash water on others to wash off the dust and dirt of the old year and welcome the coming of the New Year. Water is either splashed gently or fiercely. Gentle splashing is to the elders-----people ladle some water and, uttering good wishes while gentle pulling loose the collar, pour it down an elder’s neck. The one being splashed accepts it with good grace. Fierce splashing has no fixed pattern-----people can run after each other and use ladles, basins or even buckets to splash or pour water over each other face to face. The more one is splashed, the happier one is for the many blessings he gets.

Unit 4 The Passive Voice

Ⅲ. Practical Translation Training（翻译实践练习）

1. English-Chinese Translation (P91)

标准化测试

标准化的教育或心理测试广泛用以对学生、雇员和军事人员的选择、分类、分配或提拔等方面。但最近以来，这种测试已成为各种书籍、杂志、新闻界、甚者国会的攻击目标。把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。测试本身只不过是工具而已，其特点是在规定的条件下可以用合理的精确度来测量。测试的结果是很有价值还是毫无意义，乃至于误导方向，这在一定程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。

2.Chinese-English Translation (P100)

Fax Machines

Fax machines have been widely used in China as a popular and important modern

telecommunications terminal equipment. It is estimated that China needs 2 million fax machines in the year 2002, but the country can only satisfy about 30% of the demand with the marked being dominated by the imported ones.

At present, more than 90% of the tax machines on China’s market are imported from overseas, 80% of which are from Japan. To deal with such a situation, more tan 20 home plants have begun to assemble and produce fax machines, and home-made machines are being put in the market. The Shanghai Ricoh Fax Machine Company has begun exporting its products to Japan and has developed a new model that can receive information without paper.

Unit 5

Keys

英译汉：

1.人脑与电脑的差异

人们常说，电脑之所以能解决问题，只是因为它们给输入了解决问题的“程序”。它们只能做人让它们做的事。我们应该记住，人类同样也只能按“程序”办事。受精卵一旦形成，基因就给我们编好了“程序”，我们的潜力也就要受到这个“程序”的限制。

不过，我们的“程序”要复杂得多，因此我们更喜欢用创造力来界定“思考”的意义。有了这种创造力，就能写出伟大的剧本，创作不朽的乐章，提出卓越的科学理论，创立深奥的伦理观点。从这个意义上讲，电脑当然不能思考，人类的大多数也做不到。

可是，如果能把电脑造得足够复杂的话，那它一定能像人一样富于创造力。倘若电脑能制造得像人脑那样复杂，它就可能会与人脑不相上下，完成人脑所能做的一切。

汉译英：

1. The doom of the “unsinkable ship”

Titanic had been proclaimed unsinkable because of its 16 watertight compartments, but the iceberg punctured five of them, one more than had been considered possible in any accident, and the Titanic sank in less than three hours after it plowed into the iceberg. Subsequent investigations found that the ship had been steaming too fast in dangerous waters, that lifeboat space had been provided for only about half of the passengers and crew, and that the Californian, which was close to the scene, had not come to the rescue because its radio operator was off duty and asleep.