定语从句2

定语从句学案

一：定语从句的概念

什么是定语

1.This is a new book.

2.Can you see the sleeping boy?

3 .I want the book on the desk.

定语：用来修饰名词的成分叫定语。

定语从句就是：顾名思义，用来修饰名词的句子。定语从句一般放在所修饰名词的后面。

能找出下面的定语从句吗？

1.This is a book that is new.

2.Can you see the boy who is sleeping?

3.I want the book which is on the desk.

二.分析：

被定语从句所修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词。关系词在语意上等同于先行词。

1.I have a good friend who often helps me.

2.I like the pen that I bought yesterday.

3.He is not the man that he was.

4.He met a man, who lost his way.

关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有：that, which, who, whom,whose,as.

关系副词有：where, when ,why.

that 人/物主语/宾语

which 物主语/宾语

who 人主语

whom 人宾语

whose +名词主语

as 译为正如….一样主语

where 地点状语（具体，抽象:case,situation,job）

when 时间状语

why 原因状语(the reason why)

. as常用在as often happens, as was pointed out, as was said above, as I remember, as I understand, the same.. as , such ...as, as is known to all等结构中注意：way 做先行词时，连接词用that, in which, /.

三．五大基本句型

1.主语+谓语I sleep. I run. I walk.

2.主语+谓语+宾语I love you. I see you. I visit Anyang.

3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语She gives me a book. She brought me a cat.

4.主语+谓语+宾语+补语She makes me happy.

5.主语+系动词+表语I am cool. You are beautiful. They are teachers.

能一下背出下面的句子吗，知道是什么句型吗？

A girl comes. She is beautiful. I love her. I gives her a ring. I makes her happy.

填关系代词或关系副词，能说出它们在定语从句中作什么成分吗？有什么启示？

1.This is Anyang ______ is beautiful.

2.This is Anyang ______ I built 2 years ago.

3.There is a house _______ window is broken.

4.This is the factory ______ was built last winter.

5.I’ll never forget the day ______ I spent with you on the island.

6.I often think of the holiday ____ I stayed with my uncle.

启示：看到空后是动词，关系词肯定是做主语的。能直接放在动词后的关系词肯定是做宾语的。主语，谓语，宾语都有的情况下考虑填关系副词。

1.She will never forget the days _____ she spent in Beijing.

a.when b what c which d why

2.She will never forget the days _____ she was taken good care of by the villagers.

a.when b what c which d why

3.This is the school ____ my father worked 30years ago.

a.that b when c which d where

4.This is the school ______ my father built 30 years ago.

a.that b when c which d where

5.This is the school ______ was built 30 years agol

a.that b when c who d where

四非限制性定语从句

先行词与定语从句用逗号隔开。

1.不用that 连接This is her house, which was built last year.

2.定语从句可以修饰整个主句。

He is from America, which I know from his accent.

He did not pass the exam, which made his mother disappointed.

Kate always tells a lie, which her parents find strange.

3.as常用在as often happens, as was pointed out, as was said above, as I remember, as I understand, the same.. as , such ...as, as is known to all等结构中。

4.关系代词与关系副词的选择与限制性定语从句一样。

1.I want to buy the house, ____ has a garden.

2.The place, ______I visited before, has changed greatly.

3.The story in the book takes place in Canada, _____ Doctor Bethune was born. 5.关系副词与人称代词，指示代词的选择

关键是要分清句子结构。如果是非限制性定语从句（两句中间以逗号隔开且无连词），用关系代词。如果是并列句（全句中有连词，两句中间为句号或分号），用人称代词或指示代词。

1.He has three sons, none of _____ is a doctor.

2.He has three sons,______ are doctors.

3.He has three sons, but none of ____ is a doctor.

4.He has three sons; ______ are doctors.

a. whom b them c they d who