初中英语语法总结陈述句

初中英语语法总结陈述句

陈述句

凡是说明一件事情，提出一个看法，或是表达种心情的句子都是陈述句。绝大部分的句子都是陈述句，它能够用肯定式和否定式。句末用句号“”，通常用降调。

We live in Beijing.(肯定句)

我们住在北京。

We don’t live in Beijing.(否定句)

我们不住在北京。

因为陈述句是英语中最常用的基本句子，我们在讲述时态时，详细地讲述了各种时态的陈述句，可参见第六章～第十一章。

本节侧重于陈述句中的否定结构，现把英语中否定句总结如下：

1 be动词、一般动词(实义动词)、情态动词的否定句

I am not a student. 我不是学生。

I don't know him. 我不理解他。

He can't speak English. 他不会说英语。

1.be动词的否定句

a.句型：主语+be动词+not～.

I wasn't good at English.

我英语不好。

He isn't hungry.

他不饿。

b.实行时和被动语态(现在时、过去时、实行时)都有be动词，所以它们的否定句与be动词的否定句同形。(详见第十三章被动语态)

They aren't cleaning the room.(现在实行时)

他们没在打扫房间。

The child was not looked after.

(过去时的被动语态)

这个孩子以前没有被照顾过。

c.将来时(will，shall)、完成时及情态动词的被动语态不能用be 动词的否定句型。

(○) They will not be sent to the fro nt.

(×)They will be not sent to the front.

他们将不会被送到前线。

2.情态动词的否定句

句型：主语+情态动词+ not +动词原形

(详见第十二章中的“情态动词”部分)

I cannot do it myself.

我自己做不了这件事。

You mustn't take the books out.

你们一定不能把书拿出去。

3.一般动词的否定句

句型：主语+ do(does， did)+ not +动词原形

(详见第七、八章)

注意

否定式的缩略形

is not→isn't

are not→aren't

Was not→wasn't

were not→ weren't

do not→don't

does not→doesn't

did not→ didn't

Can not→can't

will not→ won't

must not→ mustn't

have not→ haven't

has not→ hasn't

had not→hadn't

am not无缩写形式，应为I'm not形式。

He doesn't do his homework every day.

他不是每天都做作业。

They didn't have the class-meeting yesterday.他们昨天没开班会。