(全英文论文)苔丝悲剧的成因研究
苔丝悲剧的原因
The Causes of Tess's Tragedy1.social environmentAt the middle of the 19th century, Britain's flourishing capitalism deeply affected the country civilization. The individual farmers had trouble in losing jobs and poverty. Tess's family was one of these farmers. At that time, it was a male-dominated society, women had no right to get good education and work. Tess just did the low income and hard work. Also, women's rights had not been protected well. It's unfair of society to treat on Tess.2.family reasonHer father was excessive drinking all day. The only source of finance the old horse had been dead. And she had lots of little brothers and sisters to feed up. Life was so tough, she had no choice but to work for D'Urbervilles to make money. After her father's death, the landlord took the house back, in order to her family not become homeless, she chose to become Alec's mistress.3.personalityTess is a pure and beautiful country girl. She didn't have good education and read about novels. So she didn't know beau's libertine behavior. She was raped by Alec. She is responsible for the whole family to devote herself. However, she was obedient to these sufferings. The only once revolting behavior was to kill Alec.4.AlecAlec was the chief culprit of Tess's whole tragic life. At first, he raped her in the forest to bring about that she was pregnant. Tess chose to leave him and give birth to the baby, but the baby was dead when it was born. Because of tough life, Tess had to return back to him and become his mistress with the humiliation of him.5.Angel ClareWhen he fell in love with Tess, she became happy again and found the real meaning of life. When he gave up her, Tess lost the spirit life, she faced the reality without mental reaction. It's Clare's fault to return she back to Alec to suffer distress again. Sadly, Clare's back didn't make up for Tess's happiness, it deepened Tess's sufferings. Finally, she killed Alec to revenge..。
英语论文 《德伯家的苔丝》苔丝的悲剧成因分析
contentsAbstract (I)内容摘要 (II)1. Introduction (1)1.1 About tragedy and Tess of D’urbervilles (1)1.2 About Thomas Hardy (2)1.3 Background of the Novel (3)2. Two Deep Stratification of the Tess’ tragedy in the ovel (4)2.1 Family and Society Caused Tess’s Tragedy (4)2.2 Hypocritical Capitalism Morals View and Unequal Legal System (5)2.3 Impoverishment and Decay of Small Farmers (6)3. Characters Analysis in the Novel (6)3.1 Tess’s Character (7)3.2 Alec’s Characters (9)3.3 Clare’s Characters (10)Conclusion (13)Bibliography (14)AbstractLiterature is a mirror of real life which can reflect all aspects of people’s lives. More and more scholars have begun to study a country from the roots of economy, politics and culture. As early as ancient Greece, there were some creations of tragedy. Thomas Hardy was a famous critical realistic writer at the turn of the 19th century in England; Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the most influential one of all his works. The British famous writer Thomas Hardy was one of the excellent novelists of the Victorian age. His novel reflected the real society. He delineated a lot of characters of tragedies, showing various persons’ enchantment. Hardy succeeded in portraying the image of heroine Tess and revealing the hypocritical ethics and morals of bourgeois society. This novel describes a tragic life about one beautiful and pure girl after disgrace. The article describes the society environment, then begins to analysis of characters’ personality and religion factors open out at that time. Tess’s tragic life is caused by that society and it’s the result of that time. Except this, it can’t be separated from her own weakness in character, because she obviously has the dual nature of the society character---resistance and compromise. As a common person, Tess fought with the society helplessly. In the end, she turned out to be the sacrificial victim of society like all other things which disobey the morality and ethic. This paper will discuss the causes of Tess tragedy in terms of environment and characters that Tess involved.Key Words：Tess’s Tragedy; Social Environment; Family Environment; Moral ethic; Character内容摘要文学作品是现实生活的一面镜子，反映了生活的方方面面。
英文论文浅析德伯家的苔丝的悲剧命运_英语论文
---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------ 英文论文浅析德伯家的苔丝的悲剧命运_英语论文Abstract Thomas Hardy，a British novelist and poetat the turn of the 19th century, was one of the representative writers of the English critical realism. His masterpiece Tess of the d’Urbervillesdepicts the heroine’s miserable life. Tess is described as a beautiful and kind-hearted pure womanwho has the quality of responsibility and self-sacrifice. But her life is totally a disaster. She was not only the victim of the Victorian time, but also the victim of her contemporaries. This paperanalyses her tragedy from theperspectives of the social factors and the human ones.The article can be pided into three parts.The first one is a brief introduction of the writing background, the author and the story. The second part analyses the social factors for Tess’s tragedy.The financial, moral and political1 / 8factors are included.Tess’s story happensin the specific period when the United Kingdom is experiencing a social transformation from the agricultural civilization to the industrial civilization. During this time, lots of farmers are forced into bankruptcy and Tess’s family is one of them.The capitalist political oppression upon Tess is mainly from the religion and the law, both of which playa very important role in bringing out Tess’s tragedy.The last partanalyses the human factors for Tess’s tragedy,including Tess’s own characters, Angel and Alec.Tess’s own character, on the one hand, refers to her purity, her kind-heartedness and her being responsible and altruist.Besides, there are also some weaknesses in her character. She is feeble, compromising, sticking to backward ethics and so on.All of these contribute to Tess’s tragedy. The despicable Alec and the sanctimonious Angel also play a very important role in Tess’s tragedy. All these factors lead to Tess’s tragedy.Finally, Tess becomes the sacrifice of that society.---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------Key words:Tess of the d’Urbervilles, Tess, tragedy, social factor, human factor摘要托马斯•哈代是英国19世纪到20世纪过渡时期的一位著名的小说家和诗人，也是英国批判现实主义的代表作家之一。
tess悲剧的原因 苔丝
Chapter Three: The cause of Tess’s tragedy genera ted.Ⅰ. Social reason1.1 PovertyT he past century, Tess’s tragedy had move thousands of hund reds of people all over the world. T ess was beguiled and viola ted by a young landlord, Alec, then pregnancy, so that she w as deprived of receiving the authentic love so as to be discar ded by her husband, Angel, during the wedding night. Extrem ely having no alternative, she regained the Alec’s, but titular h usband was coming back from Brazil unawares and looking fo r her. For her authentic love, Tess killed Alec who devastated her life. After Tess just spending her last three-day-and-night’s happy time in her poor life with Angel, the gods had tinished their sport with Tess. The social background of this story was changing society at the turning point of feudalism to capitalis m when thousands of decayed peasants suffering. And the hu man factors here mainly concern two men—Alec and Angel. T hough the first two causes played an important role in Tess’s tragedy, Take root reason was the sex discrimination. The solution was to achieve the real equality of male and female, no matter in social status or financial situations. Surely this requir es the advancing of the society and human civilization.First, Tess’s tragedy was from society. The poor family backgr ound foreshadows tragedy. She was a victim under the interior circumstances. Necessarily, Desting of Tess was miserable in the collision between human and environment. Tess lived at t he era of victory the village was invaded and drugged by Eng lish capitalism. As a humble worker, Tess got all kinds of oppr essions and insults. Along with invasion of the capitalism, thos e farmers who were self-reliant for food and occupied few lan d, all had to ruin. The haggling business, which had mainly d epended on the horse, became disorganized forth with. Distres s, if not penury, loomed in the distance. In face of back again st wall, Tess had to cast herself on Alec for sustain her paren ts and kid-sister.1.2 Partial rolesNext, the partial role was an important reason of Tess’s trage dy. In the society of capitalism, the precondition of laws was t hat took care of the convenience of bloodsuckers and admitte d the power of bloodsuckers oppressed people, it served for the governor. As the plutocratic duck, Alec was preserved by t he law, but Tess was killed. It just explained the counteraction of the rules of capitalism, the under classes such as Tess ca n’t obtain just treatments.1.3Hypocritical religionAgain, the element that causes Tess’s tragedy was the hypocr itical religions, especially the hypocritical character was Alec. He was a capitalist and mushroom applied the business, and he was “a person of flesh”, he trapped Tess and used the Bi ble to bring the duty to push the body of Tess, but finally, he was a pastor that expostulated to show merge. About Alec, it struggled that very elevation was a misapplication, that to rase seemed to falsity.It was visible that the religions were only a instrument was used to anesthetize, deceive and fool workers by reactionary such as Marx said “Christianity brings illusine brand”, religions offered the theoretical gist for bourgeoisie ins ulted and disgraced women.1.4Deceptive moralityThe last one, Tess was a victim of the deceptive morality, Angel Clare, symbolizing spirit, though intelligent, are sensitive, “E arly association with country solitudes had bred in Clare an u nconquerable, and almost unreasonable, aversion to modern lif e, and shut him out from such success as he might have asp ired to by following a mundane calling in the impracticability of the spiritual one. But something had to be done, he had was ted many years, and having an acquaintance was starting on a thriving life as a colonial farmer, it occurred to Angel that th is might be a lead in the right direction. Farming either in the Colonies, America or at home---farming, at any rate, after be coming well qualified for the business by a careful apprentices hip---that was a vacation which would probably afford an indep endence without the sacrifice of what he valued even more th an a competency---intellectual liberty”. It was such as Marlene Springer Hardy’s used the author Thomas Hardy, he was not in an intellectual of Allusion sense, but in so far as instincts and emotions ruled. Although he was a enlightened intelligents ia, when he know the past of Tess, with all his attempted ind ependence of judge this advanced and well meaning young m an, a sample product of the last five-and -twenty years, was g et the slave to custom and conventionality when surprised bac k into his early teachings. There was one kind of deep-set ethics in his soul, he thought the positions are different, and the mores was different. He regarded whether she was pity in ligh t of conventional idea of virtue, he had no pity for Tess, it bro ught more distress and let Tess to return to Alec. The decepti ve morality with Angle pushed Tess to gulf.Ⅱ.Tess’s temperament2.1 Traditional ethics and hypocritical religion Second, according to the analysis, Tess’s weak pointed and e ven her noble qualities bring. Her disaster, she had dual temp erament. Firstly, she dared to against traditional ethics and hy pocritical religions, and the secondly, she couldn’t get rid of th e fetter of ethics for herself.Tess’s innocence and care for her family lead to the strange, her inexperience was one reason that she was seduced by Al ec and her spirit made her became Alec’s victim again, and T ess’s devotion to Angel deepened her tragedy, she felt too hu miliated to match Angel and she was too obsessed by Angel to see his defects.2.2 The ethicsTess was born in a boorish family, there was weakness when she against traditional ethics, because she had some old ethic s and the views of fate. She suffered persecutions from social public opinions, and she scaled herself in light of this ethic. This encompassment of her own characterization, based on sh reds of convention, peopled by phantoms and voices antipathe tic to her, was a sorry and mistaken creation of Tess’s fancy---a cloud of moral hobgoblins by which she was terrified witho ut reason. It was they that were out of harmony with the actu al world, not she. Walking among the sleeping birds in the he dges watching the skipping rabbits on a moonlit warren or sta nding under a pheasant---laden bough, she looked upon herse lf as a figure of Guilt intruding into the haunts of innocence. But all the while she was making a distinction where there wa s no difference. Feeling herself in antagonism she was quite i n accord. She had been made to break an accepted social la w, but no law known to the environment in which she shed h erself such an anomaly. She always used this moral toil to re strain herself, she didn’t forget her disgrace, she though she was a incarnation villainously, her opinion had historic basic, it was incorporation of the whole society. As character a term o f history，The main and action of Tess must be limited by era.。
苔丝悲剧分析论文
Analysis of Causes for T ess’s TragedyAbstract: Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the representative work of Thomas Hardy. The novel tells a beautiful, pure, kind girl Tess’s miserable life. Tess should have enjoyed sweet love and happiness of marriage, but her road of life is full of rough and bumpy. From Hardy's philosophy, Tess's tragedy result from super natural force, the fate. Indeed，destiny leads to Tess’s tragedy to some extent, but some other factors directly or indirectly give rise to Tess’s miserable lives.This article will describe the causes of Tess’s tragedy from historical materialism view. Her tragic life is caused by that society. Except for this, it can’t be separated from her own weakness in character, because she obviously has the dual nature of the society character---resistance and compromise.Key words: Tess; fate; causes; tragedy苔丝悲剧原因的分析摘要：徳伯家的苔丝是托马斯•哈代的代表作。
苔丝英语论文（最终版）
苔丝英语论文（最终版）第一篇：苔丝英语论文（最终版）The Analysis of the Tragic Life of TessThe story happened in the late 19th century, the cruel capitalist exploitation has ruined the English countryside severely and Wessex is not immune from the destruction;the capitalism brings great harm to the agriculture life;all the self-supporting peasants are all live in a rather miserable life.Tess of the D‟Urbervilles is one of the Hardy‟s Wessex novels.The agricultural region of the southern countries England is the novel’s setting.The social conventions and the moral level Angel Clare, a man of liberal mind, is the son of a clergyman.In this novel, he is the direct opposite of Alec.He has broken with the traditions of his family to seek the ideal in a quiet rural life.He looks down upon the material distinction of rank and wealth.He wants to have own farm with Tess.In his eyes, Tess is lovely and pure.He treats Tess“equally”.all the above mentioned make T ess fall in love with him and is engaged to him.T o some extent he is different form other man, for his mind is opening.To our surprised after Tess tells him her past story, although he is a sinner for he had some affair with a bad woman, he refuses to forgive Tess just like Tess forgives him.We can find the weakness and flaws of his personality.In his eyes, the judge of purity still depends on the social conventions and the moral level.We can find that he is the slave of the custom and conventionality.He tells Tess that his lover is not Tess but another woman in her shape.He brings great harm to Tess and play an important role in the tragic life.Tess is seduced by Alec, so Tess is scandalized by the narrow-minded people.When her son who is regarded as a bastard is todie, his father refuses to asked preacher to give the baptism of the child, for her father feels ashamed with Tess and he is afraid of people‟s laughing and discussion.No one care about Tess and every one think she is guilty.Tess suffers a lot while the arch-criminal Alec has become the preacher.No one think he is guilty.The unequal treatment makes her life tragic.Self –sacrifice and responsibilityWithout doubt, Tess is rather obedient girl.when the death of the old horse destroy her family‟s business, Tess thinks it is her fault.Then Durbeyfield began to shovel in the earth and the children cried anew.Tess does not cry.Her face is dry and pale, as though she regarded herself in the light of a murderess.Tess thinks that she has dragged her parents into this quagmire, so she wonders what she could do help her family get out of trouble.She accepts her mother‟s advice and goes to work on Alec‟s farm, and later she is seduced by Alec.The second time, Tess…s father dies and her family have no food and have no p lace to live in.Tess is driven to accept Alec‟s advice and live with Alec to support her family.Tess, a member of the family, thinks that she has responsibility for her family, so she must try her best to change her family‟s situation.Every time it is at the cost of her happiness that her family can continue to live.When Tess tells Angel her past story, Angel refuses to forgive her and leave Tess alone.Tess does not show her anger to him, although she has enough reasons to do that.Angel is also a sinner, because he has affair with a bad woman.Tess can forgive her fault while he can not forgive Tess, which is unfair for Tess.Tess does not hate Angel and she just hope for his forgive.We can find that Tess just think of others.She never just thinks of herself.Her Self –sacrifice and responsibility impress the reader strongly.Braveness andInnocence It is hard for people to think that a young girl seduced by others does not marry the man, but Tess does;under the suffering of losing her baby, without hesitation, Tess goes to a farm as a milkmaid at Talbot hays;all show that she is brave.Because of her braveness she refuses to marry Alec and becomes a baby‟s mother who doesn‟t marry;because of braveness, when Angel came back, in order to shows her love andlive with Angel, T ess kills Alec and hides with Angel in a forest;even when she wakes up only to find the arrest, Tess deals with it calmly and she is not sad.What we can not deny is that braveness and innocence is the good quality that everyone shall have, however, the function of this good quality is the guide to the pure girl‟s tragedy.Because of her innocence, she does not accept her mother‟s advice, she tells her past story to Clare, and Angel does not understand her and refused to forgive her.Tess is abandoned by Angel.Then she begins anther tragedy.In fact, if she does not tell Angel her seduction by Alec, Angel has no choice to know about her past, if Angel does not learn about her past story, Angel does not think her is not pure and abandon her.Innocence and braveness is good personality, while Tess she pays her young and gold life for the cost.Braveness makes people think her is not pure;innocence makes her lose her husband.In this sentence, Tess asked Angel to marry her sister who is a simple and pure woman.From this we can find that the traditional morality and Fatalism is in the blood of Tess and T ess is affected by it deeply.It becomes one part of her body.so although Tess fights with all the unfair treatment, she comes to terms with the society and evil at last.ConclusionIn the novel Tess of the D‟Urbervilles, Tess is a poor countrygirl.In the beginning of the novel, the poor girl goes to work on Alec‟s farm, and then she is seduced by Alec.She is the victim in this case, but People all think she is guilt, even her husband, for people judge “purity” depend on the social conventions and the moral level.So at last, Tess is arrested and hangs, which means that Tess fails to fight with the sociality.The cruel capitalist exploitation is the reason why Tess is in poverty.Because of the struggle to live, Tess force to work under the capitalist exploitation.So in a word ,the bourgeois society is responsible for Tess‟s miseries and sufferings ,and Tess‟s personalities become her own weakness.第二篇：英语论文《苔丝悲剧成因》开题报告1.Research IntentionTess of the D’urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy(1840-1928), describes the misfortune of a poor peasant girl Tess.In this novel, we can see Tess resist her unjust fate again and again, suffer setbacks again and again, till to be destroyed.We can not help but feel the intense emotions of pity and fear.At the same time we deeply feel that her tragedy is inevitable.The cause of her tragedy has always been the concern of people, such a beautiful, noble and pure woman as Tess should suffer inevitable ruin.What leads to her tragic destiny? What killed her? This paper will try to make a detailed analysis on the novel, to show the various causes of the heroine’s tragedy.2.Literary ReviewFrom the later nineteenth century until now,Thomas Hardy and his works have been the important topics of the criticism for a long time.After the Second World War, with the development of modern literary criticism, different critics interpret Tess of the D’urbervilles and Thomas Hardy’s other novels from variousperspectives.For instance, Professor Webster begins with a discussion of Hardy’s intentions in writing Tess.According to his views, Tess of the D’urbervilles is a contribution to Hardy’s war against man’s inhumanity.Arnold Kettle takes a different point of view.For him the subject of Tess of the D’urbervilles is not the tragedy of a “pure woman”, but rather the destruction of the English peasantry.Mr.Kettle sees it as complete as a social novel.In China, Prof.Zhang and Wu have published their own books on Hardy’s novels and other works.There are3.Research ProcessThis paper comprises three parts dealing respectively with several main factors that lead to Tess’s final tragedy, including the background, the social environment, two persons who are very closely related to Tess’s fate and finally the weakness of the central character’s personalities.Besides, Tess’s sufferings were the result of some mysterious and incidental factors.The following is the outline of the paper.Part 1.Introduction This part is a brief introduction to the author and his masterpiece.1.1Thomas Hardy and his works1.2Tess of the D’urbervillesPart 2.Causes for the tragedy of TessThe cause of Tess’s tragedy has always been the concern of people, such a beautiful, noble and pure woman as Tess should suffer inevitable ruin.What leads to her tragic destiny? What killed her? In this paper, I try to make a detailed analysis on the novel, to show the various causes of heroine’s tragedy.2.1 The impoverishment and decay of small farmersThis novel has for its setting the agricultural region of the southern countries of England.The writer truthfully depicts the impoverishment and decay of small farmers who become hiredfield hands and roam the country in search of seasonal job.These laborers are mercilessly exploited by the rich landowners.In this novel, we can see clearly that one of the real reasons that lead to her extermination is her impoverishment.2.2Alec and Clare In this novel, Hardy describes how Tess was killed by the times she lived in clearly.There are two persons who are very closely related to Tess’s fate.She, a daughter of poor peasants had been reduced to a wage laborer, so Alec---the vicious capitalist power of the Victorian Times and Clare---the representative of liberal bourgeoisie killed her cruelly and without mercy.It seemed that Alec was the prime culprit of Tess, but in fact, it was Clare who killed Tees more cruelly.2.3 The weakness of her characterApart from fierce Alec and hypocritical Clare, it is the weakness of her character that leads to her sad fate.Tess was able to fight against the unfairness of the society.She could face various difficulties in life bravely, yet she couldn’t extricate herself from traditional moral principles.She was aware that she was the victim of social violence and moral principles.On the other hand, though she dared to beat back the unjustness, she couldn’t break with traditional morality completely.2.4 Some mysterious and incidental factorsThe last but not the least, Tess’s sufferings were the result of some mysteriousand incidental factors.Examples of the fateful incidents abound in the novel.Part 3.ConclusionIt is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation.Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly.Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of hercharacter became the accomplice.The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in.4.ConclusionThrough studying the representative workTess of the D’urbervilles, we will be able to have a better appreciation of the great achievements of Thomas Hardy.It seemed that if there were no unexpected happenings, she might have a happy life;maybe she would finish her life peacefully.It appeared there were unexpected factors in her every important life stage, those factors lead to her tragedy.But in fact, just as we infer from our previous discussion, it is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation.Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly.Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of her character became the accomplice.The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in.Bibliography［1］Chen Jia.Selected Readings in English Literature(Volume 2)［M］.The Commercial Press, 2004 ［2］Chenxia.Analysi s of the Tragic Mood in “T ess of the D’Urbervilles”［J］.Journal of Renmin University of China(social societies), 1998(2):100-102［3］Huangjing.On the causes of the tragedy of Tess ［J］.Journal of NorthwestMinorities University(social science), 2002,(3):95-98［4］Li Jian, Yuanjing.The Reasons of the Tragedy of Tess ［J］.Journal of DaqingTeachers’ College, 2005,(2):65-66［5］Liu Yafei.Doomed from the start ［6］ThomasHardy.Tess of the D’Urbervilles［M］.Beijing: Central Compilation& Translation Press, 2004［7］Wang ments on the Tragedy of T essa ［J］.Journal of ChengdeVocational College, 2005(4)：26-27［8］Zhang Xiaodong.Talk about tongue silk tragic certainty and meaning［J］.Journal of Chaohu College, 2004,(6):74-77第三篇：苔丝Comments on Tess of the D'UrbervillesTess of the D'Urbervilles is the most famous novel of Thomas Hardy.Focusing on the tragic experience of its heroine Tess, the plot of story begins.Tess comes from a farmer’s family, the Durbeyfields.She has lived a poor but peaceful life.However, God, “The President of the Immoral” begins to play a cruel joke on this innocent girl.One day her father, John Durbeyfied learns that they are descended from the D’Urbervilles, an ancient family once renowned in England.Tess’s parents are in an ecstasy of delight over the news.Her mother urges Tess to claim kinship with the remaining D’Urbervilles, so that Tess could marry a gentleman.Unwillingly, the girl comes in contact with the Stoke, D’Urbervilles.There she meets Alec D’Urbervilles, who shows off the estate and always seduces her.Having received a job of tending to chickens, Tess stays in the D’Urbervilles.Her tragic life has just begun.Before long the rich and guileful Alec manages to seduce the girl and make her pregnant.Being humiliated and resolute, Tess returns home.Despite the rumors all around, she gives birth to a child, who is called Sorrow but dies soon because of grave illness.For several weeks, Tess is overwhelmed by grief and sorrow.Nevertheless, without financial support, Tess has toleave home and goes to work as a dairymaid at a distant farm, where she meets Angel Claire.They have met each other before, and Tess has made a favorable impression on Angel.After Angel persistent pursuit of Tess, the two fall in love and become engaged.Then comes the wedding night, too honest to keep any secret, Tess admits about Alec D’Urbervilles and the child.She begs for forgiveness, but Angel leaves her in disgust.T ess again returns home alone, only find that her family remains impoverished and she even has no place to stay.In the meantime, Alec D’Urbervilles, the evil person appears again.He takes advantage of the Durbeyfields’ poverty and continues to tempt Tess.He promises to support her family, only as a means to make Tess dependent.At the end of hope, the girl jumps into the trap of the shameless man.However, the tragedy has not finished yet.Angel Claire, who is remorseful for his mercilessness, comes back, but to find the cruel reality.And his arrival makes Tess even more desperate.After Angel leaves, she stabs Alec in the heart and kills him.Then she follows Angel and escape with him.They manage to hide for a while in a wood before they come to Stonehenge, where she is arrested.She is hanged later.This wasn’t my first time to read “T ess of the D'Urbervilles” Actually, the first time I read the novel was in high school.At that moment, I thought that Tess was really a tragic figure in the book “Tess of the D’Urbervilles”.She was seduced by a so-called gentleman—Alec, and from then on her life totally changed from the loss of innocence.People looked down on her and respected her no more.Virtually, she did nothing wrong because before she was seduced she knew nothing of men.She was just a girl when she first met that terrible man.Nonetheless, she was forced by the gossips and the church to blame herself for this accident, soshe thought she deserved nothing good.In order to get rid of the past, she decided to go to a distant dairy farm but was still saying to herself that she was wrong.Maybe God didn’t agree with that, because the Lord gave her someone she loved with her whole heart and life—Angel Chari.Unfortunately, it was still a sad ending.When I read the story again, I had different affections to the figures of this novel.Why, I meant why Tess fell so much in love with Angel and ended herself up in such misery? I could not tell any merits from Angel from the very beginning, even back to that May Dance on the lawn.Honestly, at the first glance, I concluded that he was an emotional unstable youngster who can barely bear any responsibility.He adopted dual moral standards, I bet Tess's life would be getting better, or even a happy ending with Alec or other normal but kind man without ever Getting the chance to meet Angel.And I was more than willing to adapt this sentence “I f we had danced that day, how happy we might have be” to “ If we have hadn't met on that day, how happy I might have be”.Poor Tess, you got the wrong way!Obviously, Angel was a devil, but this can still make no difference to Tess if she chose to keep that secret what she had already sworn to her mum, an incapable but intelligent mother who always cared for Tess.That's to say, Tess's purity should be blamed, at least partly, for her own tragedy, devil needs counterparts not a real angel to match with each other.In the meantime, Tess is a perfectionist, she can't stand any flaws lying between Angel and herself, yes, and her pursuit of perfect love without any reserve from that man she deeply loves predicts her destiny.Poor Tess, there is never ever perfect love like you imagined in the real world, why not let go of the past and move on? I can't help feeling badly sad for her, she shall know theprinciple of equity can't be translated into reality, particularly a world ruled by men back then, which is almost the case nowadays.Overall, I emphasize that T ess’s purity, perfectionism, principle of equity, and poignancy ended herself up in hanging.Anyway, it's just a fictive novel, but there must be something in common which is applicable even today.第四篇：苔丝遗忘，是来自自由的回忆——论苔丝总会有些过去会让人落一生泪水，总会有些故事暗示七千哀伤。
The tragedy of Tess(苔丝的悲剧)
The tragedy of Tess（苔丝的悲剧）“Tess of the d'Urbervilles ” is generally regarded as Hardy's finest novel. A brilliant tale of seduction, love, betrayal, and murder, Tess of the d'Ubervilles yields to narrative convention by punishing Tess's sin, but boldly exposes this standard denouement of unforgiving morality as cruelly unjust. Throughout, Hardy characterizes Tess as a daughter of nature who endures the brutality of industrialism through the people and circumstances in her life. Using specific language, character depiction, and story development, Hardy provides a strong argument against the urban movement by showing the reader its harsh effects on the agrarian lifestyle. The novel centers around a young woman who struggles to find her place in society.Tess is a beautiful,intelligent and distinguished woman.But those advantages do not take her happiness or good lucky. It didn't like Jane Eyrea good ending the satisfaction of all with the help of oversea colony's money. In her life is full of Suffering and Unfortunate.Who and what couse the tragedy of Tess? I think there are four factors.At first of all, Tess is the tragedy of the times. Tess was living in the late nineteenth century .At that time, British capitalism begin invading rural. This Phenomenon sets conflicting betweeting country and city. In part, Tess represents the changing role of the agricultural workers in England in the late nineteenth century. Hardy shows that life as a maiden begins in the natural country and ends in the brutal city. Tess's life begins in the rural secluded town of Marlott where the country atmosphere allows her to grow into a virtuous caring young girl. In contrast, Tess's downfall occurs in the city. Towards the end of the tale, when Tess is once again in Alec's possession, negative consequences ensue. She murders Alec in the city of Sandbourne that was like a "fairy place suddenly created by the stroke of a wand." (Pg. 296) The suddenness with which the city is created parallels the quick actions of Tess in murdering Alec d'Urberville. In both scenarios it seems like there was no thought before the action was orchestrated. Once Tess is put to death in the city, the harsh realities of justice and punishment remind the reader of Hardy's pessimistic view of industrialism. Hardy purposely begins and ends Tess's life in such a manner to show her as a sacrifice of rural landscape to the urban movement. Through his portrayal of Tess, Hardy is able to use her entire being to make his negative attitude towards urbanity known.Many people in England were forced to make sacrifices during the industrial revolution. Through language, character depiction, and specific scenes in the novel, Hardy illustrates the harsh effects of industrialism on certain agrarian lifestyles. He shows the reader that the commercialism and emphasis on modernistic ways of life did not fall well with all the people in the land. The substitute of machinery to manual labor came at a heavy price for the beautiful English land and the families who inhabited it. Hardy allows his readers to see that progress may not always be a positive occurrence and good intentions may cause dire consequences.At the beginning of stoy,Tess is a naive country girl. She is primarily a daughter of nature upon whom urbanity will leave its lasting marks. but one day , When her fathe discovere that the low-class Durbeyfield family is in reality the d'Urbervilles,he want Tess to recognizes the relative. Because the family circumstances are poor.tess complies by unvoluntary,even if she feels very ashamed.In there she meets master’s son Alec d’Urberville,who plays a character as chief criminal in her tragic life.An insouciant twenty-four-year-old man, heir to a fortune, and bearer of a name that his fatherpurchased, Alec is the nemesis and downfall of Tess’s life. His first name, Alexander, suggests the conqueror—as in Alexander the GreatZ，who seizes what he wants regardless of moral propriety. His full last name, Stoke-d’Urberville, symbolizes the split character of his family, whose origins are simpler than their pretensions to grandeur. After all, Stokes is a blunt and inelegant name.At the very end of the novel,he becomes a reverent Christian On surface.But when he remeeting Tess, he quickly abandons his newfound Christian faith. It is hard to believe Alec holds his religion, or anything else, sincerely. His supposed conversion may only be a new role he is playing. Indeed Alec is diabolical. Alec creeps up on Tess in the darkness of the Chase and lies with her without her knowing it.He deco nstructed the tess’s chastity and pure.At last,he forces tess to be his lover.Not aslo he really love tess,but only regards tess as his toy. It can be said,he is the immediate cause of tess’s tragedy.Angel Clare is also one of the important factors, caused more serious and terrible harm on tess psychological. Angel Clare is a complex art image. On the one hand,he is Bourgeois intellectuals , having Open minds and independent thinking.He hope depend on his own labor to survive and do not want to inherit his father's mantle..He is a secularist who yearns to work for the “honor and glory of man,” as he tells his father in Chapter XVIII, rather than for the honor and glory of God in a more distant world. A typical young nineteenth-century progressive, Angel sees human society as a thing to be remolded and improved, and he fervently believes in the nobility of man. He rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own. Indeed Angel Clare is a fascinating and good-hearted man. When he was working on the Pasture,a lot of girls admired him. But his love for Tess, a mere milkmaid and his social inferior, is one expression of his disdain for tradition. This independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness that makes him the love object of all the milkmaids with whom he works at Talbothays.But on the other hand, Angel Clare aslo is one of the male chauvinist supporters. In his heart, he is still difficult to get rid of controling by feudal morals.His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.”. Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. So Angel deserts Tess when he finds the innocent country girl he fell in love with is not so pure.On their wedding night, tess confesses that she is not a virgin and explains what happened with Alec d'Urberville. Even though he himself has also had an affair out of wedlock, he becomes upset and is unable to reconcile his real affection for Tess, his wounded pride, and his image of Tess as a pure and virginal figure. He can’t forgive her for having another man’s child even though she forgives him everything. Angel abandons Tess and tells her she cannot contact him; he will contact her. But he has not divorced with tess, because of Men's dignity.At last, after his failure in Brazil, and only then Angel realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. But to his sorrow, when returning to England to find Tess, he discovers tess living in a hotel with Alec d'Urberville.Everthing is too late.In addition, Tess’s character is also an important reason for the tragedy.Although Tess has great courage to against social injustice,she can’t get rid of astrology from her own moral traditions. She understood herself is a victim of the social violence and ethics morals victim. But in while receives which the native place person’s censures, she also consider herselves guilty. To forget the past ,she is Far away her family and home to Tabou Lei. Falls in love with Angel Clare makes her happiness,howere,her heart still fell suffered.Facing Angel Clare’s abandon,she think that is her own crime. Thus she silently endures the unjust fate.In herthingking, strong moral consciousness and religious sense is very obvious. The intense moral sensitivity and psychological atonement causes her to fall into the mire of suffering and tragedy. Tess has a lot of advantages, for instance saidindustriously, selfless, simple. Among them, her most Prominent advantages is pure, as the author described in subheading-“A pure woman”.But the such commendable moral excellence makes her go to the Abyss of tragedy. She is unable to live with Alec for the matter to enjoy ,while she can’t deceive Angel for Own happiness. If Tess is willing, she can request Alec to marry with her,when she was pregnant with his child, and does not have to endure other people's criticism.On wedding night, Listening to the advice of her mother,she can chooses to Hide her busband the matter happened with Alec d'Urberville,like any other women who have suffered simila matter as her.but her pure don’t allow her to do such “simple” matter.Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves.In a word, Tess is a really pure woman. She has many valuable advantages.But because of Personal reasons, soc ial reasons and time reasons,she didn’t have a good end. Her tragedy is inevitable.摘要：《德伯家的苔丝》是英国文学的瑰宝。
（全英文论文）苔丝悲剧的成因研究（精选五篇）
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What killed her? This paper will try to make adetailed analysis on the novel, to show the various causes of the heroine’s tragedy.2.Literary ReviewFrom the later nineteenth century until now,Thomas Hardy and his works have been the important topics of the criticism for a long time.After the Second World War, with the development of modern literary criticism, different critics interpret Tess of the D’urbervilles and Thomas Hardy’s other novels from various perspectives.For instance, Professor Webster begins with a discussion of Hardy’s intentions in writing Tess.According to his views, Tess of the D’urbervilles is a contribution to Hardy’s war against man’s inhumanity.Arnold Kettle takes a different point o f view.For him the subject of Tess of the D’urbervilles is not the tragedy of a “pure woman”, but rather the destruction of the English peasantry.Mr.Kettle sees it as complete as a social novel.In China, Prof.Zhang and Wu have published their own books on Hardy’s novels and other works.There are3.Research ProcessThis paper comprises three parts dealing respectively with several main factors that lead to Tess’s final tragedy, including the background, the social environment, two persons who are very closel y related to Tess’s fate and finally the weakness of the central character’s personalities.Besides, Tess’s sufferings were the result of some mysterious and incidental factors.The following is the outline of the paper.Part 1.Introduction This part is a brief introduction to the author and his masterpiece.1.1Thomas Hardy and his works1.2Tess of the D’urbervillesPart 2.Causes for the tragedy of TessThe cause of Tess’s tragedy has always been the concern of people, such a beautiful, noble and pure woman as Tess shouldsuffer inevitable ruin.What leads to her tragic destiny? What killed her? In this paper, I try to make a detailed analysis on the novel, to show the various causes of heroine’s tragedy.2.1 The impoverishment and decay of small farmersThis novel has for its setting the agricultural region of the southern countries of England.The writer truthfully depicts the impoverishment and decay of small farmers who become hired field hands and roam the country in search of seasonal job.These laborers are mercilessly exploited by the rich landowners.In this novel, we can see clearly that one of the real reasons that lead to her extermination is her impoverishment.2.2Alec and Clare In this novel, Hardy describes how Tess was killed by the times she lived in clearly.There are two persons who are very closely related to Tess’s fate.She, a daughter of poor peasants had been reduced to a wage laborer, so Alec---the vicious capitalist power of the Victorian Times and Clare---the representative of liberal bourgeoisie killed her cruelly and without mercy.It seemed that Alec was the prime culprit of Tess, but in fact, it was Clare who killed Tees more cruelly.2.3 The weakness of her characterApart from fierce Alec and hypocritical Clare, it is the weakness of her character that leads to her sad fate.Tess was able to fight against the unfairness of the society.She could face various difficulties in life bravely, yet she couldn’t extricate herself from traditional moral principles.She was aware that she was the victim of social violence and moral principles.On the other hand, though she dared to beat back the unjustness, she couldn’t break with traditional morality completely.2.4 Some mysterious and incidental factorsThe last but not the least, Tess’s sufferings were the resultof some mysteriousand incidental factors.Examples of the fateful incidents abound in the novel.Part 3.ConclusionIt is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation.Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly.Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of her character became the accomplice.The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in.4.ConclusionThrough studying the representative workTess of the D’urbervilles, we will be able to have a better appreciation of the great achievements of Thomas Hardy.It seemed that if there were no unexpected happenings, she might have a happy life;maybe she would finish her life peacefully.It appeared there were unexpected factors in her every important life stage, those factors lead to her tragedy.But in fact, just as we infer from our previous discussion, it is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation.Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly.Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of her character became the accomplice.The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in.Bibliography［1］Chen Jia.Selected Readings in English Literature(Volume 2)［M］.The Commercial Press, 2004 ［2］Chenxia.Analysis of the Tragic Mood in “T ess of th e D’Urbervilles”［J］.Journal of Renmin University of China(social societies), 1998(2):100-102［3］Huangjing.On the causes of the tragedy of Tess ［J］.Journal of NorthwestMinorities University(social science), 2002,(3):95-98［4］Li Jian, Yuanjing.The Reasons of the Tragedy of Tess ［J］.Journal of DaqingTeachers’ College, 2005,(2):65-66［5］Liu Yafei.Doomed from the start ［6］Thomas Hardy.Tess of the D’Urbervilles［M］.Beijing: Central Compilation& Translation Press, 2004［7］Wang ments on the Tragedy of T essa ［J］.Journal of ChengdeVocational College, 2005(4)：26-27［8］Zhang Xiaodong.Talk about tongue silk tragic certainty and meaning［J］.Journal of Chaohu College, 2004,(6):74-77第三篇：苔丝的悲剧《苔丝》读后感读着哈代的作品，看着苔丝的生命一步步走向悲剧，思索着造成悲剧的原因。
苔丝的性格分析悲剧成因
To Analyse Tesss Tradegy in< Tess of TheD 'Urbervilles > From the Character of Tess1.1 n troduction1.1 Introduction to Thomas HardyThomas Hardy(1840-1928), was an English novelist and poet, born near Dorchester, and one of the greatest English writers of the 19th century.The son of a ston emas on, he could not afford to pursue a scholarly career as he wished and was appre nticed to Joh n Hicks, a local church architect. He continu ed, however, to study the Greek and Latin classics.Despite his employment, Hardy was writing continually during this period of his life.Such early novels as Desperate Remedies' (1871)and A Pair of Blue Eyes” (1873) met with small successand may be considered formative works. After the appeara nee of Far From the Maddi ng Crowd(1874), popular as well as critical acclaim enabled him to devote himself exclusively to writing. His success also made marriage feasible, and in 1874 he married Emma Lavinia Gifford.Over the n ext 22 years Hardy wrote many no vels, in clud ing those he referred to as foman ces and fan tasies-most of which were first serialized in popular magaz in es. His major works are The Return of the Native”(1878), The Mayor of Casterbridge' (1886), Tess of the D 'Urbervilles” (1891), and Jude the Obscurd' (1896), the latter two considered masterpieces. Hardy's novels are all set against the bleak and forbidding Dorset Iandscape (referred to as Wessex in the novels), whose physical harsh ness echoes that of an in differe nt, if not malevole nt, uni verse. The author's characters, who are for the most part of the poorer rural classes, are sympathetically and often humorously portrayed. Their lives are ruled not only by nature but also by rigid Victoria n social conven tio ns. Hardy's style is accord in gly rough hew n, sometimes awkward, but always comma nding and inten se.1.2 Introduction to Tess of the D Urbervilles1.2.1 Background of the NovelThis story happened in the late of Britain 'Victorian era, in this time, Capitalist class con trolled all of the rights, and the law was serviced for them. Farmers were at the bottom of the society, they had n ever equal rights as the capitalist class. Tess as a woman in the Victorian era, she cannot avoid the Hegemony” father right consciousness to woman” nature understanding and severe social etiquette. And the patriarchal social system made wome n lost their in depe ndent status. By the Capitalist invasion, those Self-reliant farmers who had a small amount of land and the means of producti on had followed the in solve ncy. Female beauty not only regarded as theTroubles” but also become an excuse for men to shirk their crime; The male requests feminine to be loyal and the bodily pure and chaste, actually disregarded own indulging. But under male power suppression, feminine thought pattern also was con trolled solidly by this kind of strong trend which was eve n melt ing.1.2.2 Introduction to Tess of thed ' UrbervillesAs is known to all, “Tesof the D'Urbervilles” is the most famous novel of Thomas Hardy. Focusing on the tragic experience of its heroine Tess, the plot of story begins. Tess comefrom a farmer ' s fanbirle, Durbeyfields. She has lived a poor but peaceful life. However, God, “The°resident of the Immoral ” begins to play a cruel joke on this innocent girl. One day her father, John Durbeyfied learns that they are descended from the D ' UrbesyOln ancient family once renowned in EnglandTess' s pare nts are in an ecstasy of delight over the n ews. Her mother urges Tess to claim kin ship wi th the remai ning D' Urbervilles, so that Tess could marry a gen tlema n. Un willi ngly, the girl comes in con tact with the Stoke, D' Urbervilles.There she meets Alec D ' Urbervillewho shows off the estate and always seduces her. Having received a job of tending to chickens, T ess stays in the D 'rvUebeHer tragic life has just begu n. Before long the rich and guileful Alec man ages to seduce the girl and make her pregnant. Being humiliated and resolute, Tess returns home. Despite the rumors all around, she gives birth to a child, who is called Sorrow but dies soon because of grave illness. For several weeks, Tess is overwhelmed by grief and sorrow. Nevertheless, without financial support, Tess has to leave home and goes to work as a dairymaid at a dista nt farm, where she meets An gel Claire. They have met each other before, and Tess has made a favorable impressi on on An gel. After An gel persiste nt pursuit of Tess, the two fall in love and become engaged.Then comes the wedding night, too honest to keep any secret, Tess admits about Al ec D' Urbervillesand the child. She begs for forgive ness, but An gel leaves her in disgust. Tess aga in returns home alone, only find that her family remains impoverished and she even has no place to stay.In the mean time, Alec D' Urbervilles,the evil pers on appearsaga in. He takes adva ntage of the Durbeyfields poverty and continues to tempt Tess. He promises to support her family, only as a means to make Tess depe nden t.At the end of hope, the girl jumps into the trap of the shameless man. However, the tragedy has not fini shed yet. An gel Claire, who is remorseful for his mercilessness, comes back, but to find the cruel reality. And his arrival makes Tess eve n more desperate. After An gel leaves, she stabs Alec in the heart and kills him. Then she follows An gel and escape with him. They man age to hide for a while in a wood before they come to Ston ehe nge, where she is arrested. She is han ged later. The tur n of eve nts and the mome nt of catharsis prove that the no vel is a classic Aristotelia n tragedy.2. Analysis of the two important men around Tess-Alec andClareIn this novel to male leading character s description has reflected at that time thecapitalist society darkness and false capitalism morals view. Alec is the emerging bourgeoisie'srepresentatives; he is representing the bourgeois societys authority, the wealth and the evil, Tessstragic life reason to him.His father is a rich mercha nt, but after crow n by aristocrat DUrbervilles sur name. This young man lay on his father's money and power dominates the native place. When he meets Tess, the dissolute lascivious countenance is completely unmasked; he supposes the snare that destroyed young gi'pure and chaste and the life happ in ess. Harms others to ben efit him, resorts to all means to satisfy own absurd fleshly desires, and not only displayed the countryside Iandlord clas'essential characteristic, but also man ifested the property realistic characteristic. Although afterwards he cha nged in old pastor Clare help n ext evilly reforms, however, several doze ns years abuse eradicates by no means. When he meets Tess aga in, has temptati ons rege nerati on. In order to con trol Tess, Alec eve n uses the money and the power and in flue nee stre ngth. It can be said, Tes'life is the violence victim which the Alec thunder represents.If some one say Alec represe ntativ'evil force is the direct reas on to cause Tes s tragedy, the n the traditi onal ethics morality survives on An gel Clare devastates to Tess is one ki nd in visible, the more fearful spirit injures. An gel Clare is a complex artistic image. On his body, not only has the certa in en lighte ned thought, but also is reta ining the traditi onal moral prejudice. Although he born in a pastor family, not willi ng to be a pastor serves for God”，he is willing to work at farm, serves for the humanity”.He despises the class prejudice and the rank idea, tires of aba ndons the metropolis lively life, he wants to go the country to do the arduous physical labor as those farmers, tries hard to grasp each kind of class the agricultural tech no logy .In n ature bosom, he feels the village life is simple and fresh when he stays with the innocent peasantfamily young girls. In treats feminine and in the love question, he mild-mannered and cultivated, serious and earnest, pay more attention on emotion, all of these are different with Alec. This explanations he was the Bourgeois intellectuals who has the free thought at that time, but he departs from to this social class also is extremely limited, He will be engagedin the agricultural production the goal is for later to be a large Ian ded estate. He con tacts with Tess has not always aba ndoned the traditi onal ideas the fetter. He not only as soon as starts to recognize Tess could be a good steward in the future, the most important is he love Tess not like her to love his such selfless and sin cere. In his eyes, Tess is nature's new born daughter,however, once she con fessed the in sult to him which receives, the n on his body preserves the in here nt morals have stra ngled in his heart the real sen time nt. Although he also have had the profligate behavior, and obtained Tes' forgiving, but actually is not willing to forgive originally innocent Tess. This in dicated his heart's core traditi onal morals ethics idea ingrain ed, he regards a woma n from traditi onal chastity view to be chaste or not, this has give n Tess by devastating attack. If we say becausethe Alec thunder ferocious adversary caused the chastity los ing to bring the deep pain to Tess, but has not bee n able to disappear the desire and the future hope of her live.Then, Clare to her aba ndonment, said in some kind of degree, the n has destroyed herspiritual prop(because Tess really loves him). Thus, his return caused her to feel the humiliation which own received, thus caused its pain, the lamentation; to despair has achieved the apex. Her fin ally killed Alec, not on ly must prove own helpless, simultaneously also are must to the person which loves prove own innocence. From this, may say that, is precisely by Alec representativ6s evil force and Clare himself preserves the traditi onal ethics morality, together pushed Tess to the tragic abyss.3. Family Background of TessAt the beg inning of the no vel, Tess was a daughter of poverty desce nt which had once magnificent. She was a dairymaid, who lived in the country, as a daisy on the village roadside, beautiful but humble, and being with her family was broke n up and decimated sixty years ago before the story began. And as the writer express emotion, Norman' descent,not for the support of Victoria 1800,the wealth, a very incon seque ntial” Dist in guished backgro und doesntbri ng any ben efits to Tess, but her tragic life was beg un.Tess s father was a poor coun tryside hawker, who had the n atural dispositi on of lazy and constantly excessive and also was benighted. Te' mother was a dairymaid, who was sloppy superstition and mind simply. They were pitiful creature who chart admires the vanity and listened to depend on the time wind and rain willfully to devastate.Just as such terrible pate nts became the setter of a bad example of Tess' tragedy.In order to show off own so-called aristocrat” status and satisfied mere vanity, Tesss pare nts wan ted to by ack no wledges as relatives”，marries” to improve own status. Although Tess obnoxious parents' hypocrisy, despised noble origin, and persisted thought on eself is peasa nt famil'daughter who liv ing on own labor, but she was the oldest in the family,parents' incompetent made the heavy burden on herself early. She loved her little sisters and brothers deeply that cannot cruel eno ugh to looked they suffer hardships. Unfortunately, when the old horse died what her family liv ing on it, Tess great relucta nee obeyed the aunt to assig n to go for shelter richly in the result she suffered devastati ng, became the sacrificial victim and the Con fucia nism criminal which the beast wants. Afterwards, in order to her family Tess forced to leave native place, everywhere the wooden scoop anchors, experiences the vicissitudes. When end of hills and rivers, Tess came back to Alec again for family, received in excha nge for family member'swarm and sufficie nt con diti on by own huma n body.The God gave Tess a woman of high station s soul, let she has the fine dust does not dye,unusual refined, but the reality actually gave her to fall the soul the family backgro und that made she got rid of betwee n this mortal world in capably all sorts of troubled. This kind of spirit extreme is not harmonious with the meat caused Tess s tragic fate.4. Hypocritical capitalist morality and unfair legal systemTess was lived in the Victorian era which capitalism invasion the rural England.She was a hardworking,kind-hearted,intelligent and beautiful girl; but regard as a laborer, a man of poor agricultural workers, she has low social status that naturally will received oppression and humiliation in the capitalist society. Research this novel we can know at that time in Victoria dynasty time England bourgeois society's moral ethics view, Tess'stragedy was due to social morals root mainly is in the masculine central society that kind of firm woman chastity idea. In the capitalist society, legal regime and moral outlook all were take mai ntai ns the exploit ing class the ben efit and the ack no wledgme nt exploit ing class oppresses peop' authority as the premise, were serviced for protect react ion ary con trol. Alec wildly domin ated in the tow nship, did all kinds of evil thin gs, but she was protected by the law. Tess actually is condemned the death pen alty. This just was explai ning bourgeoisie politics system react ion ary, indicated the unimportant persons in the lower level social class were impossible to obta in the fair treatme nt in the society. We may see in the no vel, such as Alec this thunder actually receives the bourgeoisie state apparatus and the religious morals protectio n.5. Analysis of Tesss CharacterTess had many good qualities in her character:her beauty, smart and pure. Claire considered her as the daughter of the nature" whose body was filled with poetry. She was gentle and kind, and caring for her younger siblings nuanced, more responsible than her parents. She endured enormous unfortunate fate with her indomitable will. Her love was pure, passi on ate, sin cere and selfless. Her n ature was high-hearted, but had to bite the bullet, and be obedient to others by damaging her self-dignity;she was desiri ng for happ in ess, but always in self-c ondemn atio n. She hesitated whe n she was facing her love. She not only compla ined about the fate of injustice, but also sile ntly en dured a flood of her misfort une. She was always docile and cowardly, but raised a revenge knife in a desperate moment. It can be said that Te'character was consisted of these complex con tradicti ons and the sufferi ng which made her as a seari ng tragedy. 5.1 Tesss Innocence and GoodnessTesss biggest feature in the character is pure and good, but her pure and good are vulnerable to the ravages of dirty society; her selflessnessand self-sacrifice give the forces of evil chanee; and the pursuit of purity and honesty of her own makes her happ in ess lost. Horse died, Tess went to farm, which left a hidde n dan ger. Whe n ridiculed in the compa nion case, she actually jumped in to the Alec s horse.' the purity of her heart and her un defe nded, so she en tered the dan ger whe n was already dark in the woods without other people ' environment, She did not even realize the great dan ger of the playboy Alec. In the wedd ing ni ght, her pure n ature made her tell Claire her past, only to have bee n aba ndoned by her husba nd. Fin ally, she lured him to inv est up arms, destroy her evil Alec, his eve ntual death.In the no vel, Hardy compared the rural coun tryside wome n who was pure and gentle with the pure and simple rubbing pretentious bourgeois women. He would like to praise the girl liv ing in the rural coun tryside, say ing that she was a pure woma n(a pure wowan). Tesspossessedoutstanding qualities and virtues of the system of the working people, which formed the purity of her character, and it was the essential characteristic feature of the Tessscharacters system. Pure and beautiful Tess exuded fragranee that was not something carved in the earth, and always sticked to her farmers daughter 'dentity. Tess used to be the last descendantsof the prominent wealthy aristocratic family. By the late nineteenth century, when the bourgeoisie overall ruled in the UK, the mighty family had been at a low ebb. And when reached at the father of this generation, the family only ended up as a hawkers. The only thing which could link to the ancient symbol of the family was an ancestral silver spoon and a set of a seal which carved flowers.Tesss families were the lower labor workers who led a life entirely by hard-working. Celebrated ancestor was of no effect to their hard-work ing n ature of the an cestral. Tesss father, Durbeyfield, who lived half of his life, was only told by the pastor that his own family lineage. Addicted to a lot of gas and the vani ty, his n oble birth made him complace nt. Mrs Durbeyfield who was in dustrious and trite was eve n proud of her husba nd.But Tess hated the vulgar atmosphere in this family. She had always main tai ned the virtues of work ing people. She despised this vulgar no ble birth and con sidered her as a farmer ' s daughded lived by labor. She once said, “had a father and mother who raised me. My good looks were given by the father and mother and I was just a milkmaid. ” Read between the lines, we could see that her love and pride to the working status. Tess always adheredo his father s surname(Duber fieled), and did not want to replace her an cesto'sur name. She was n ever boast of their n oble an cestors to Claire. Claire advised to change her surname, and said so, Claires mother would look up to the daughter-in-law. But she firmly refused to agree. She said: “still perfer the used name now. "Compared with those people who pretended to be secular bourgeois upstart squire,simple senten ce, and that picked the nam6' Dubeville fr6m the museum, were sufficie nt to show Tess s simple, pure and her con tempt of the con cept of blood lin eage. She hated the bourgeois ease, but was proud to work.Tess r purity was also reflected in her hard-working and good spirit of selfless sacrifice.Tess's family was poor, coupled with his father addicted to drinking, and she also had many brothers and sisters. So her life became more difficult. Tess worked early to help her mother. When she was seventeen-year-old, shstir up the family ' s Torden. the family, she had to go to the “ capitalists as”a Hnoper-, where the bad young man Alec tricked her virg in ity. She was in an ger, depressi on, and was looked dow n upon by every one. Later, she sacrificed everyth ing for her family and went back Alec there the sec ond time. She did not love Alec throughout her life, and was not polluted by the rich material life. Once her husba nd came back from abroad, she would have no hesitation to give up this life. Tess' s puriwas also reflected in her steadfast love. She was deeply in love with Claire. At the wedd ing ni ght, Tess poured out her unfortun ate past to Claire. But she did not think that Claire was such a selfish person to abandon her. Then an grily went so far to Brazil. Tess con cealed the truth and maintain the dig nity and honor of Claire, while she sile ntly suffer from her un fair treatme nt. What is more, her despair killed Alec. She told Claire to married her sisterafter her death, show ing her loyalty to love.5.2 Tesss Feebleness and ResponsibilitySchope nhauer believes that every in dividual in our lives to work around the clock, it makes us different in the face of life s "problems or choices to make this or that choice, and to a large exte nt determ ine our fate. Thus, Te'tradegy was no excepti on. Although the external led to her tragic fate, of many reasonsweaknessof her own pers on ality is the most fun dame ntal reas on for the in ternal decisive. As Tess was born into a peasant family,the remnants of the peasantry and the fate of some of the old moral view that allows her to dem on strate some weak ness whe n aga inst the traditi onal moral. With ever since lost her virginity after a crime,guilt, inferiority complex, a problem encountered in this type of concession to her shrink, it is this mentality has repeatedly refused to let her marry Claire, making her into a great heart contradiction. Claire can not forgive her in her more obvious inferiority complex, constantly explaining the requset, and even offered to be his slave, as long as he is willing to live live with her, even willing to die for his interests. Tess would have been a brave and strong country girl, but was tarnished after Alec. She thinks that she is a person broke into the holy temple of the sinner”，unconsciously considered herself as a whore, a bad woma n, a falle n woma n.” This in crease self-torme nt and sufferi ng of her misfortune. When she fell in love with Claire, her felling is not more happy, but the fear, an xiety, shame and regret. She thought that she did not deserve his love, so whe n the face of Claire "marriage proposal, she freque ntly gave way. Fi nally she agreed to marry him. All of these illustrates the weakness of Tess,as if she was born to sin, to suffer the torture. Even when Claire abandoned her, she also quietly owed all the blame to herself, let life make fun of her own destiny.5.3 Tesss Fatalism TendencyTess' fatalism tengency in her character in her life is another important reason which led to her tragedies. Whe n Tess first recog nize the Ale'home, she was stabbed chest by rose on her way to his home. She thoughtedit was an uniucky omen” to cast her shadow over her life. When Tess tried on wedd ing dresses, the mind emerged out of the folk disloyal wife had put on it will never fit. ” and she therefore had a heavy heart. Bridal portraits of her ancestors on the wall made her tense, and thought of Father Lawrence'swords, This joy of violent will have the violent end. ” It all gave Tess a bad felli ng that good luck always missed her. Fatalism thinking swallow Tess and her courage to fight life and weake n the morale of her.Tess' se was a life of resista nee, but in her character, also in cluded the conservative and backward things, the existenee of the old ethical values reflected conservative moral values behind her side, which was the embodiment of social limitations of the system of Tesss character. Tess lives in a villege where existed religious forces, and it is in evitable to be affected by the moral values. Tess con sidered that she was forced to lose her virginity as a sin, and this conception became a subc on scious mind, and haun ted her so long. She thought that whe n she lost virg in ity to Alec, there was a moral force. nomin ally she was Claireswife, but morally, had shehas the rights to request this particular sub-power?How much more of it to say she was Alec' wife?Until the Alec s second appearanee, such a guilt had been lingering in her mind:from the physical point of view, Alec was her true husband. She was the ritual law of sinners, and not fit to be Clay ' isiwi f elly reflected the limitations of Tessand her moral con servati on. As a moral con servative female, Tess gave up her power to obey her husband. In fact, Claire mercilessly throwed her from the spirit of promoting the impasse. Tess must hate Claire deeply, but Tess actually accepted this un fair fate silently, and voluntarily gave up the equal rights to Claire. Even she humbled to the Claire, said: “I have to like yolike a poor slave, obey you, that you let me die, I do not go aga inst you. ” Tess§ in sig ni fica nt behavior made Claire be more cruel to her, addi ng to her tragic fate. So whe n Tess was aba ndon ed,she always shut herself up, honored Claire's instructions. Her pain was not born out of some sense of this, but more than half were due to the secular bias. It can be seen that the traditional conception deepened oppression of the large to Tess, and also reflected Tesss own limitations. However, this limitation could not contain the purity in her character, and her developme nt and show of resista nee.5.4 The Resistance in Tess CharacterTess was a typical character of old moral which Hardy wan ted to criticised. She had the traditi onal virtues of kindn ess, but was persecuted by the old moral. She was a new image of modern wome n who gradually formed a sense of resista nee. In the dark en vir onment, Alec seduced her and the traditi onal social prejudices con sidered that she was a guilty woma n and an example of immoral woma n. Although has bee n in sulted, but she did not force Alec to marry her. In contrast, she left him with no hesitation. This reflected her sense of resista nee, her spiritual purity and high moral character. Claire's multiple courtship, made her step into the abyss of her inner pain. On the one hand she was touched by the mercy of Claire, on the other hand she worship Claire limitless. However, she also absolutely refused to marry so rush in case that her husba nd would regret to marry her whe n he knew the truth. For one thi ng, she was excepti on ally happy. She loved him very warmly, and she looked him as god”.For ano ther, she was very miserable. Because she un derstood that she should not married Claire. She struggled, grin ded her teeth to live a serious and in depe ndent life. Tess tried to pursue good things, but the visible and invisible evil tightly surrounded her and made her breathless. She would rather die for her lover, do everythi ng he wan ted, but was give n his ruthless aba ndon! People dema nded her as perfect as God, and this was absurd and un realistic. She used an extreme way to express her love and hate. This was a weak woma n who issued a strong protest.Tess had the courage to resist the hypocrisy of religion and the old moral values. The con tradictio n betwee n Tess and Alec can be said an embodime nt of the oppressed workers and the concrete expression of social contradictions. Tesss attitude to Alec was very clear in the beg inning, she declared/' I do no t like you!I hate youi hate you! ” Later, when Tess was annoyed by Alec for the second time on the farm, She beated him. Fin ally, she ignored the bourgeois law and morality and killed him. It was like a heavy beat to that dark society. Clearly, the resista nee is one of the main aspectsi n Tesss thought. Un til the end of the novel, there was such a descripti on:She woke up whe n she found surroun ded by sixtee n people, she did not feel n ervous because this was what she expected, she stoodup and went towards the wait ing men “I am readyThis was such a brave woma n! she was educated, in tellige nt. Her beauty was based on the n atural beauty of the sacred and imbued with n oble beauty. It was obvious that such a society had destroyed a pure woma n. Tess showed the courage to explore the power of resista nce and the con fide nce to pursue which was hidde n in the little.6. ConclusionA lot of reflection was left by Hardy through his creation of Tess ' s ITegsdy. was a strong woman throughout the novel. She stood up for herself and refused to crumble un der pressure. It is true Tess should deserve respect because of en duri ng a great deal of pain. Yet, for her tragedy, it is not proper to blame solely on the un equal society that Tess lived in. Readi ng over this book, maybe some one think if does not have such un expected eve nt; perhaps Tess has the happy life and safely completes her life, but there are some factors which could not think in her each important life stage, these factors cause her tragedy. In actually, this was the time which she lived and her natural weak ness in vested her in this poor situati on. Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reas on for her death, but it is An gel who killed her in directly but more cruelly. Face such a serious situation, her individuality weakness suits the accomplice.In a word, Tess has show n a powerful womans ima g e to com mon people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resista nce in imbu ing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savori ng.。
英语毕业论文文学作品分析
苔丝悲剧产生的原因On the causes of Tess’s tragedy【摘要】小说《苔丝》是十九世纪末二十世纪初英国著名作家托马斯·哈代最具影响的作品之一，也是他小说创作中最具有争议的作品，争议的焦点多集中于这部小说所采用的不同寻常的叙述技巧。
而小说的女主人翁苔丝与同时代作家笔下的女性相比有更强的震撼力，哈代通过对人物苔丝的刻画和对她命运的安排从而控诉父权统治对女性的压迫和损害，更深入地揭露和控诉这种外在的压迫和损害如何通过社会各种途径，内化为女性心理所认可的社会身份标准，从而使其作品具有更高的悲剧审美价值和社会意义。
【关健词】苔丝悲剧资产阶级社会Abstrad:Novel "Tess of the D'Urbervilles" is the late 19th century early 20th century British writer Thomas Hardy one of the most influential works, he Fiction is the most controversial works, the focus of controversy and more focused on the novel adopted by the unusual narrative skills. The novel Tess of the masters and contemporary female writers to write about women compared to a stronger power, Hardy's Tess through the figures and descriptions of the fate of her father for the right to rule on the complaints of female oppression and prejudice, in-depth expose and denounce this oppression and external damage to the community through various means, into a female recognized by the psychological community identity standard, making it works with the tragedy of a higher aesthetic value and social significance. Keyword: Tess tragedy Bourgeois societyThesis:Son of a mason, Thomas Hardy was born near Dorchester, the area that later became the famous”Wessex" in many of his novels.At 16, he was apprenticed to a local architect. But architecture was never his desired profession. So he changed to write poetry. When that failed, he began to write novels. Most of his novels are set in Wessex which is fictional primitive and crude naval region. They are known in an agricultural setting menaced by the forces of invading capitalism. Teas, is a poor peasant girl. Persuaded by her mother, she goes to claim kindred with a more prosperous branch of the D'Urberville family. And there she is seduced by the young master of the house, Alec，and then has to return home in disgrace. After giving bieth to a child who dies in infancy, she meets Angel Clare, son of a clergyman, and he falls in love with her and marries her. On their wedding night Tess and Angel Clare, son of a clergyman, and he falls in love with her and marries her. On their wedding night Tess and Angel tell each other about their past. After hearing Tess's confession, angel leaves her abruptly for Brazil. Poverty forces Tess to work at afarm Flintcomb Ash where she is insulted and ill一treated by master. Then her father's death and the expulsion of her family from their cottage drive her to seek for assistance from Alec, and the later, now a preacher, soon resumes his former illicit relations with her. Angel Clare returns repentant and ready to be reconciled to Tess, but the girl finds that her living with Alec hinders her from re- turning to Angel. She kills Alec and is speedily arrested, tried and hanged.With Tess's death, the tragedy ends. From a close study of the novel, we can find:it's poverty of her family forces Tess to claim kindred with Alec and finally be seduced; Angel who gets the hypocritical morality deserts her because of her seduction by Alec; Then poverty makes her come back to Alec again and tragedy happens. So, we can analyze her tragedy Crom her Camily first.Tess is the daughter of a very poor villager. Her parent is very benighted. When her father finds he is the descendent of an ancient aristocratic family, D'Urbervilles, he is immensely proud of himself although there is nothing valuable left in his hand. He even goes to hotel and drinks very much until Tess and her mother come to look for him. When Tess and her mother support him his arms to go back home, there is such conversation:On reaching the fresh air he was sufficiently unsteady to incline the row if three at one moment as if they were marching to London and at another as if they were marching to Bath一with produced a comical effect, frequent enough in families on nocturnal homegoings;and, like most comical effects, not quite so comic after all. The two women valiantly disguised these forced excursions and countermarohes as well as they could from themselves; and so they approached by degrees their own door; the head of the family bursting suddenly into his former refrain as he drew near; as if to fortify his soul at sight of the smallness of his present residence:"I've'got'a family vault'at Kings'一bere! ""Hush一don't be so silly, Jacky.”Said his wife , "Yours is not the only family that was of 'eount in wold days. Look at the Anktells，and Horseys, and the Thringhams themselves一gone to seed a most"much as you一though you was bigger folks than they, that that's true.Thank God , I was never of no family, and have nothing to be ashamed of in that way! ""Don't you be so sure othat. From your natertis my belief you've disgraced yourselves more than any o ins , abd was kings and queens out righjt at one time. "Tess turned the subject by saying what was far more prominent in her own mind at the moment than thoughs of her ancestry:”I am afraid faher won't be able to take the journey with thebeehives tomorrow so early.”"I? shall be all right in an hour or two.”said Durbeyfield.(Chapter4)From their conversation and the description of Durbeyfield's drunkenness, We can see the foolishness of Tess a parents, and of course, which is mainly caused by poverty. The author Hardy takes some very humorous words to describe their bitterness caused by poverty: All these young souls were passengers in the Durbeyfield shipentirely dependent on the judgment of the Durbeyfield adults for theirpleasures，their necessities. Their health, even their existence.If the heads of the Durbeyfield household chose to sail into diifficulty disaster; starvation, disease, degradation, death, thither were these halfdozen little captives under hatches compelled to sail with them一six helpless creatures, who had never been asked f they wished for life.any ternis , much less if they wished for it on such hard conditions as were involved in being of the shirtless house of Durbeyfteld.(Chapter3)Under the great poverty, Tess's parents become more and more apathetic and vulgar. When they have a more prosperous relative,what they have in mind is to ask Tess to claim kindred with Alec.Tess isnt willing to go, but she has no ideal about her family's poverty. On the day when she is going to visit Alec there's such a conversalion in her family;Her mother expostulated.”Yoa will never set out to see your folks without dressing up more the land than that?"" But l an going to work !”said Tess."Well , yes,”said Mrs Durbeyfield ; and in a private tone , " at fast there mid be a little pretence o', but I think it will be wiser of'ee to put your best side outward.”She added.V ery well; I suppose you know best,”replied Tess with calm abandonment. And to please her parent the girl put herself quite in Joan's hands，saying serenely,”Do what you like with。
浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝悲剧命运的根源英语论文
浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝悲剧命运的根源英语论文《德伯家的苔丝》是英国文学巨匠托马斯?哈代的代表作。
女主人公苔丝的悲剧和不幸是由多种原因造成的。
本文以女性主义的角度为出发点，从两个方面分析导致苔丝悲剧命运的根源，即：教育和苔丝自身因素。
哈代；苔丝；悲剧命运；女性主义19世纪末出现妇女解放运动第一次 ___。
而“哈代的作品中反映了与时代相吻合的女性解放的思想,而且在作品中,女性对传统道德观念和社会的反抗是非常激烈的”。
托马斯?哈代大胆地将创作的目光投向农村，深入的 ___普通农家的悲剧命运。
他十分擅长刻画女性人物悲剧命运,旨在揭露男权社会给女性造成的伤害,批判男性中心主义。
托马斯?哈代是横跨19世纪和20世纪的著名小说家和诗人，英国批判现实主义文学的代表人物，被沃尔夫誉为“英国小说家中最伟大的悲剧 ___”。
其作品即承接英国维多利亚时代的文学精髓又体现 ___世纪的文学创新,气势磅礴。
以辽阔深远的背景与渺小的人物形象之间的巨大反差和动人的对比描写，给读者以深刻的印象和心灵的震撼。
《德伯家的苔丝》刻画了一个善良、坚强、自尊、宽容而美丽的女性形象——苔丝。
由于天真无知而受到富家浪子的侮辱，身心饱受摧残。
但“她并没有自暴自弃，怨天尤人，而是勇敢地面对挫折；为减轻家里的负担，应付虚荣的父母，她勇于承受重担，奔走于不同农场，养家糊口；对待爱情，她自尊又执着”。
她被“认为是唯一的一位逃脱了决定主义的人”， ___了传统的伦理道德。
哈代极力要摧毁的正是这种道德观念，让女性摆脱僵化的传统习俗的控制。
他对“堕落女性”的处境给予了极大的 ___，对苔丝给予了深切的同情和宽容，带给读者对妇女生存状态的反思。
苔丝从一位天使般的少女到绞刑架上的杀人犯,是何种邪恶力量在逼迫、摧残、毁灭着这“有自我意志，完整个性的女性？”，把这一优雅迷人的高尚女性一步步推向死亡深渊?苔丝悲剧的根源何在?以下从女性主义的角度审视《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝被 ___的血泪史,剥下男权中心主义这张 ___外皮。
英语论文《苔丝悲剧成因》开题报告范文
1. Research IntentionTess of the D’urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy (1840-1928), describes the misfortune of a poor peasant girl Tess. In this novel, we can see Tess resist her unjust fate again and again, suffer setbacks again and again, till to be destroyed. We can not help but feel the intense emotions of pity and fear. At the same time we deeply feel that her tragedy is inevitable. The cause of her tragedy has always been the concern of people, such a beautiful, noble and pure woman as Tess should suffer inevitable ruin. What leads to her tragic destiny? What killed her? This paper will try to make a detailed analysis on the novel, to show the various causes of the heroine’s tragedy.2. Literary ReviewFrom the later nineteenth century until now,Thomas Hardy and his works have been the important topics of the criticism for a long time. After the Second World War, with the development of modern literary criticism, different critics interpret Tess of the D’urbervilles a nd Thomas Hardy’s other novels from various perspectives. For instance, Professor Webster begins with a discussion of Hardy’s intentions in writing Tess. According to his views, Tess of the D’urbervilles is a contribution to Hardy’s war against man’s inhum anity. Arnold Kettle takes a different point of view. For him the subject of Tess of the D’urbervilles is not the tragedy of a “pure woman”, but rather the destruction of the English peasantry. Mr. Kettle sees it as complete as a social novel. In China, Prof. Zhang and Wu have published their own books on Hardy’s novel s and other works. There are3. Research ProcessThis paper comprises three parts dealing respectively with several main factors that lead to Tess’s final tragedy, including the background, t he social environment, two persons who are very closely related to Tess’s fate and finally the weakness of the central character’s personalities. Besides, Tess’s sufferings were the result of some mysterious and incidental factors. The following is the outline of the paper.Part 1. IntroductionThis part is a brief introduction to the author and his masterpiece.1.1Thomas Hardy and his works1.2Tess of the D’urbervillesPart 2. Causes for the tragedy of TessThe cause of Tess’s tragedy has always been th e concern of people, such a beautiful, noble and pure woman as Tess should suffer inevitable ruin. What leads to her tragic destiny? What killed her? In this paper, I try to make a detailed analysis on the novel, to show the various causes of heroine’s tra gedy.2.1 The impoverishment and decay of small farmersThis novel has for its setting the agricultural region of the southern countries of England. The writer truthfully depicts the impoverishment and decay of small farmers who become hired field hands and roam the country in search of seasonal job. These laborers are mercilessly exploited by the rich landowners. In this novel, we can see clearly that one of the real reasons that lead to her extermination is her impoverishment.2.2Alec and ClareIn this novel, Hardy describes how Tess was killed by the times she lived in clearly. There are two persons who are very closely related to Tess’s fate. She, a daughter of poor peasants had been reduced to a wage laborer, so Alec--- the vicious capitalist power of the Victorian Times and Clare --- the representative of liberal bourgeoisie killed her cruelly and without mercy. It seemed that Alec was the prime culprit of Tess, but in fact, it was Clare who killed Tees more cruelly.2.3 The weakness of her characterApart from fierce Alec and hypocritical Clare, it is the weakness of her character that leads to her sad fate. Tess was able to fight against the unfairness of the society. She could face various difficulties in life bravely, yet she couldn’t extricate herse lf from traditional moral principles. She was aware that she was the victim of social violence and moral principles.On the other hand, though she dared to beat back the unjustness, she couldn’t break with traditional morality completely.2.4 Some mysterious and incidental factorsThe last but not the least, Tess’s sufferings were the result of some mysteriousand incidental factors. Examples of the fateful incidents abound in the novel.Part 3. ConclusionIt is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation. Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly. Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of her character became the accomplice. The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in.4. ConclusionThrough studying the representative work Tess of the D’urbervilles, we will be able to have a better appreciation of the great achievements of Thomas Hardy.It seemed that if there were no unexpected happenings, she might have a happy life; maybe she would finish her life peacefully. It appeared there were unexpected factors in her every important life stage, those factors lead to her tragedy. But in fact, just as we infer from our previous discussion, it is the times she lived in and the weakness of her nature put her in such a poor situation. Cruel Alec and his peers are the direct reason for her death, but it is Angel who killed her indirectly but more cruelly. Facing such a serious situation, the weakness of her character became the accomplice. The tragic fate is not only that of Tess herself, but also the tragedy of the times she lived in.Bibliography［1］Chen Jia. Selected Readings in English Literature(V olume 2)［M］.The Commercial Press, 2004［2］Chenxia. Analysis of the Tragic Mood in “Tess of the D’Urbervilles”［J］.Journal of Renmin University of China (social societies), 1998(2):100-102［3］Huangjing. On the causes of the tragedy of Tess［J］. Journal of NorthwestMinorities University (social science), 2002, (3):95-98［4］Li Jian, Yuanjing. The Reasons of the Tragedy of Tess［J］. Journal of Daqing Teachers’ College, 2005, (2):65-66［5］Liu Yafei. Doomed from the starthttp://202.201.58.3/kns50/scdbsearch/scdetail.aspx?QueryID=49&CurRec =2,2006-03-25［6］Thomas Hardy. Tess of the D’Urbervilles［M］.Beijing: Central Compilation & Translation Press, 2004［7］Wang ments on the Tragedy of Tessa［J］.Journal of Chengde Vocational College, 2005(4)：26-27［8］Zhang Xiaodong. Talk about tongue silk tragic certainty and meaning［J］.Journal of Chaohu College, 2004, (6):74-77。
苔丝悲剧原因分析
An Analysis of Tess‟s tragedy in Tess of the d‟Urberville sAbstractTess of the D‟Urbervilles is one of the great works by Thomas Hardy. It is a great tragedy，which was published in 1891.This tragedy centers on Tess, a peasant girlborn in a po or family. Everything happening has its causes. Tess‟s tragedy is also not accidental. There are several aspects about the causes. In this paper,I try to explore thecauses for Tess‟s tragedy in three aspects: (1) the influence of fatalism; (2) the socialfactors concerned; and (3) Tess‟s dual personality.Key words: Tess of the D’Urbervilles;Thomas Hardy;tragedy; the causes摘要德伯家的苔丝是哈代的巨著之一，1891年出版的一部悲剧。
这部悲剧围绕着出生在贫苦农民家庭的少女苔丝展开。
一切万物皆有因果，苔丝的悲剧也不例外。
苔丝的悲剧结局并不是意外，有各个方面的原因所在。
在这里，我将从以下三个方面，即：哈代的宿命论，社会因素，和苔丝的性格来分析苔丝悲剧命运的原因。
关键字：德伯家的苔丝，哈代，悲剧，原因Table of ContentsAcknowledgements .................................................................................................................. (i)Abstract (ii)摘要................................................................................................................................................ i ii Table of Contents .......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝悲剧命运的根源英语论文
浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝悲剧命运的根源英语论文《德伯家的苔丝》是英国文学巨匠托马斯?哈代的代表作。
女主人公苔丝的悲剧和不幸是由多种原因造成的。
本文以女性主义的角度为出发点，从两个方面分析导致苔丝悲剧命运的根源，即：教育和苔丝自身因素。
哈代；苔丝；悲剧命运；女性主义19世纪末出现妇女解放运动第一次 ___。
而“哈代的作品中反映了与时代相吻合的女性解放的思想,而且在作品中,女性对传统道德观念和社会的反抗是非常激烈的”。
托马斯?哈代大胆地将创作的目光投向农村，深入的 ___普通农家的悲剧命运。
他十分擅长刻画女性人物悲剧命运,旨在揭露男权社会给女性造成的伤害,批判男性中心主义。
托马斯?哈代是横跨19世纪和20世纪的著名小说家和诗人，英国批判现实主义文学的代表人物，被沃尔夫誉为“英国小说家中最伟大的悲剧 ___”。
其作品即承接英国维多利亚时代的文学精髓又体现 ___世纪的文学创新,气势磅礴。
以辽阔深远的背景与渺小的人物形象之间的巨大反差和动人的对比描写，给读者以深刻的印象和心灵的震撼。
《德伯家的苔丝》刻画了一个善良、坚强、自尊、宽容而美丽的女性形象——苔丝。
由于天真无知而受到富家浪子的侮辱，身心饱受摧残。
但“她并没有自暴自弃，怨天尤人，而是勇敢地面对挫折；为减轻家里的负担，应付虚荣的父母，她勇于承受重担，奔走于不同农场，养家糊口；对待爱情，她自尊又执着”。
她被“认为是唯一的一位逃脱了决定主义的人”， ___了传统的伦理道德。
哈代极力要摧毁的正是这种道德观念，让女性摆脱僵化的传统习俗的控制。
他对“堕落女性”的处境给予了极大的 ___，对苔丝给予了深切的同情和宽容，带给读者对妇女生存状态的反思。
苔丝从一位天使般的少女到绞刑架上的杀人犯,是何种邪恶力量在逼迫、摧残、毁灭着这“有自我意志，完整个性的女性？”，把这一优雅迷人的高尚女性一步步推向死亡深渊?苔丝悲剧的根源何在?以下从女性主义的角度审视《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝被 ___的血泪史,剥下男权中心主义这张 ___外皮。
《论苔丝悲剧的成因》OnCausesofTess’sTragedy范文
《论苔丝悲剧的成因》On Causes of Tess’sTragedy摘要：《德伯家的的苔丝》被认为是哈代的悲剧剧作品的代表作，这也是他的的最著名的悲剧小说。
这部部以副标题为“一个纯洁的女女人”的长篇小说于18999年出版，对于这部小说读者者的反应不一。
这部小说讲的的是一个乡村女孩苔丝的爱情情故事，她是怎样由一个单纯纯的女孩变成一个杀人犯。
爱爱情在苔丝的生活之中扮演十十分重要的角色，虽然爱情使使她幸福但同时也给她带来灾灾难。
一系列的不幸构成了苔苔丝的生活且慢慢地毁灭了她她的人性。
苔丝家的马的死去去是她的首先的不幸，这意味味着苔丝命运的转变。
丧失了了家庭的依靠苔丝非常自责，，苔丝对她的家庭的强烈的责责任意识是这部小说的最重要要的部分。
自始至终苔丝都是是受害者，她的悲剧是由内外外因素造成的。
她被动，屈服服，单纯，缺少怀疑的精神，，所以最容易成为环境，社会会和男性唯心主义的俘虏。
尽尽管她一生都在苦苦挣扎与命命运较量，但最终她还是被她她的负罪的自我毁灭意识，对对生命的否定意识和两个残忍忍的男人所击垮。
关键词：：哈代苔丝爱情悲剧纯洁贫穷资本主义社会会Abstrac t: Tess of the D‟Urber v v illes is ge n n erally rega r ded as Hard y y‟s tragic m a a sterpiece, a a nd certainl y y it is his m m ost ambitio u u s tragic no v v el. This no v v el, subtitl e e d …A Pure W o o man‟ was fi r st publishe d d in 1891to a mixed rec e e ption. For H H ardy himsel f, the haunt i ng and trag i c figure of Tess was th e e character w w ho meant th e e most to hi m m. This nove l is basical l y the story of a countr y y girl, Tess whose fate i s tragic an d d in the end she becomes a …tragic h e e roine‟. The book reveal s s Tess‟s lif e e, how the f i rst-present e e d innocent g g irl turns i n n to a tragic heroine. Lo v v e plays an i mportant ro l e in Tess‟s life becaus e e love does n n ot mean hap p p iness to he r but it cau s s es her trag e e dy. Her lif e e is a serie s s of misfort u u nes which s l owly destro y y s her perso n n ality. The f irst misfor t une is of T e e ss‟s family when their h h orse dies i n n a fatal ac c c ident. The d d eath of the horse can b e e interprete d d as the sym b b ol of …chan g g e‟, her lif e e changes in t o a series o o f tragedy. T T ess blames h h erself for l oosing the f amily‟s mea n n s of liveli h h ood. Tess‟s sense of re s s ponsibility for her fam i ly is one o f the book‟s most import a a nt elements.Tess Durbey f ield is a v i ctim of ext e e rnal and un c c omprehended forces. Pas s s ive and yie l ding, unsus p p icious and f undamentall y y pure, she s s uffers a w e e akness of w i ll and reas o o n, struggli n n g against a fate that i s s too strong for her. Te s s s is the ea s s iest victim of circumst a a nce, societ y y and male i d d ealism, who fights the h h ardest figh t yet is des t royed by he r ravaging s e e lf-destruct i ve sense of guilt, life denial and t he cruelty o o f two men.Key Words:Hardy Te s s s Love T T ragedy pu r e poor c c apitalist s o o cietyC O O NTENTSI.I n n troduction (1)II. Anal y y sis of the C C auses of Te s s s‟s Tragedy (2)2.1Capita l istSociety (2)2.1.1EconomicPov e e rty (2)2.11.2 The Unju s s t Law Syste m m (2)2.1.3 The Hyp o o critical Re l igion and S u u perstition (33)2.1.4 The H H ypocritical Morality (3)2.1.5 The C C apitalist E x x ploitation (3)2.2 The P P oor Family (3)2.2.1 The D i sintegratio n n of Peasant r y (3)2.2.2 Th e e Old Wessex......................................................... .. (44)2.3 Tess Hers e e lf (4)2.3.1 Te s s s‟s Beauty (4)2.3.2 Tess‟s s Purity (4)2.3.3 Tess‟s Ch a a racter (5)2.3.44Tess‟s Opi n n ion on Love (6)2.44Other Pers o o n (7)2.4.1 A l ec D‟Urberv i lle (77)2.4.2 Ange l Clare (8)2.5 Coincidents (99)III.Con c c lusion (10)《论苔苔丝悲剧的成因》On C C auses of Te s s s‟s TragedyI Introduc t ionThomas H H ardy(1840-19928)the repr e e sentative o f critical r e e alism was b o o rn and brou g g ht up in Do r set, an agr i cultural di s s trict in th e e south ofE n n gland. Son o o f an archit e e ct, he star t ed out to f o o llow his fa t her‟s profe s s sion. After studying in Dorset and t hen in Lond o o n, he retur n n ed to settl e e down in hi s s native pla c c e. Architec t ure did not really inte r est him so h h e turned to literature.When Tess o o f the d‟Urb e e rvilles app e e ared in 18911, Thomas Ha r dy was one o o f England‟s leading men of letters.He had alre a a dy authored several wel l known nove l s, includin g g The Return of the Nati v v e, Jude the Obscure, Un d d er the Gree n n wood Tree, T T he Mayor of Casterbridg e e, The Woodl a a nders and n u u merous shor t stories.D e e spite this s s uccess, the novel was o n n e of Hardy‟s s last. Tess brought him notoriety, i t was consi d d ered quite s s candalous. H H e was deepl y y wounded by some of the particularl y y personal a t tacks he re c c eived from r eviewers of the book. I n n 1892, he w r ote in one o o f his noteb o o oks, quoted in The Late r Y ears of T h h omas Hardy,1892-1928, c c ompiled by F F lorence Emi l y Hardy, “W e e ll, if this sort of thi n n g continues no more nov e e l-writing f o o r me. A man must be a f o o ol to delib e e rately stan d d up to be s h h ot at.”In s s pite of his reputation,Hardy had d i fficulty fi n n ding a peri o o dical willi n n g to publis h h the book w h h en he offer e e d it for se r ialization t o London‟s l eading revi e e ws. The sub j ect matters a milkmaid T T ess, who is seduced by A A lec Clare, m m arried and r ejected by A A ngel Clare a a nd eventual l y murdered t he first on e e. It was co n n sidered unf i t for publi c c ationswhic h h young peop l e might rea d d. To appeas e e potential p p ublishers, H H ardy took t h h e novel apa r t, re-wrote some scenes and added o t hers. In du e e course, a p p ublisher wa s s secured. W h h en it came t ime to publ i sh the nove l in book fo r m, Hardy re a a ssembled it as it was o r iginally co n n ceived.Har d d y is a Vict o o rian writer,and while t he evils of the Industr i al Revoluti o o n surround h h im, so do t h h e wonders o f science an d d progress s u u ch as the s t eam engine.Rather than hide from E n n gland‟s new industrial s s ociety, the Victorians,and Hardy, b b elieved tha t the ills o f society co u u ld be fixed if, instead of running a a way, we fac e e d the probl e e ms head on.Such as his description s s of the Tal b b othay‟s Dai r y, it encom p p asses a rou n n der perspec t ive. Hardy does not ta l k about a r e e turn to chi l dhood innoc e e nce; he tal k k s about a g i rl getting p p regnant out of wedlock w w ith a baby w w ho dies sho r tly after b e e ing born. H a a rdy‟s Natur e e is idyllic in that it i s free from social conv e e ntion, but i t is filled with life a n n d death. Ha r dy‟s Nature is more pra c c tical and u s s eful. Hardy does not ru n n away to Na t ure to esca p p e; he sets u u p his Natur e e as a model to explore t he idea tha t middle cla s s s Victorian values caus e e many of th e e ills of so c c iety.Tess o o f th e d‟Urb e e rvilles dea l s with seve r al signific a a nt contempo r ary subject s s for Hardy,including t h h e struggles of religiou s s belief tha t occurred d u u ring Hardy‟s s lifetime. H H ardy was la r gely influe n n ced by the O O xford movem e e nt, a spiri t ual movemen t involving e e xtremely de v v outthinkin g g and action s s. Hardy‟s f a a mily member s s were prima r ily orthodo x x Christians and Hardy h i mself consi d d ered enteri n n g the clerg y y, as did ma n n y of his re l atives. Y et Hardy event u u ally abando n n ed his devo u u t faith in G G od based on the scienti f ic advances of his cont e e mporaries, i ncluding mo s s t prominent l y Darwin‟s O O n the Origi n n of Species.Hardy‟s ow n n religious e e xperiences c c an thus be s s een in the c c haracter of Angel Clare, who resist s s the conser v v ative relig i ous beliefs of his pare n n ts to take a a more relig i ous and sec u u lar view of philosophy.The novel a a lso reflect s s Hardy‟s pr e e occupation w w ith social c c lass that c o o ntinues thr o o ugh his nov e e ls. Hardy h a a d connectio n n s to both t h h e working a n n d the upper class, but f elt that he belonged to neither. Th i s is reflec t ed in the p e e ssimism con t ained in Te s s s of the d‟U U rbervilles t oward the c h h ances for T e e ss to ascen d d in society and Angel‟s precarious p p osition as n n either a me m m ber of the u u pper class n n or a workin g g person equ i valent to h i s fellow mi l kmen at Tal b b othays. Aga i n, like Ang e e l Clare, Th o o mas Hardy f o o und himself torn betwee n n different s s ocial spher e e s with whic h h he could n o o t fully ali g g n himself. T T ess of the d d‟Urber ville s s reflects t h h at The fac t that Tess‟s s fate moves the readers so directly and profoun d d ly somehow o o bscures the beauty of t h h e book, its aesthetic d e e pth and sub t lety. Donal d d Davidson o n n ce wrote, “A A ction, not d d escription,is always f o o remost; the event domin a a tes, rather than motive, or psychol o o gy, or comm e e nt.” But th e e descriptio n n and psycho l ogy are ver y y important i nthe novel; from these we could kn o o w what caus e e s Tess‟s tr a a gedy.As En s s tice points out, “two o p p posing elem e e nts struggl e e for domina n n ce with Tes s s: the law o f nature and the law of V V ictorian mo r ality”. Har d d y asserts i n n the subtit l e that Tess is a faithf u u lly present e e d pure woma n n instead of a morally l o o ose woman a s s many Victo r ian critics believed. T h h ough Tess l o o oses her ch a a stity she i s s pathetic. W W e should kn o o w Tess‟s tr a a gedy is cau s s ed by socie t y, family, t wo men, her s s elf. Among t hese societ y y is the sou r ce of her t r agedy; Hard y y criticized the bourgeo i s society r e e lentlessly.From this t h h esis we wil l get some k n n owledge abo u u t the cause s s of Tess‟s t ragedy, esp e e cially the c c apitalist s o o ciety in Vi c c torian time s s.II Anal y y sis of the C C auses of Te s s s‟s Tragedy2.1 Capita l ist SocietyIt is obviou s s that Hardy tried to sh o o w how all t h h e supposedl y y criminal o r immoral ac t ions commit t ed by Tess----from her i mproper rel a a tions once a a nd again wi t h Alec to h e e r final act of murder----are the co n n sequences o f economic c o o nditions as well as the legal, mora l and the re l igious stan d d ards of bou r geois socie t y, for only the utter p o o verty of Te s s s‟s family,the double m m oral standa r d for man a n n d woman and the religio u u s concept o f sin made i t inevitable for her to g g o to work o n n the farms a a nd to fall i nto the tra p p s of Alec a n n d the accus a a tions of An g g el untilhe r remorse an d d her bitter n n ess over he r fate led u p p to the mur d d er. She is a a victim of e e conomic opp r ession and s s ocial injus t ice. Though much of the story has t o o do with lo v v e and marri a a ge, the rea l theme of t h h e novel has a much wide r significan c c e, it is th e e social tra g g edy of Tess from the la b b ouring mass placed agai s s t the moral and religio u u s prejudice s s as well as the legal a n n d education a a l systems o f a class so c c iety. To Ha r dy the conf l ict seems t o o be one bet w w een an indi v v idual and t h h e society, a a ctually it i s the confl i ct between a a n individua l of the opp r essed and t h h e society o f bourgeois o o ppression. H H ardy‟s defi a a nce against the status q q uo of Victo r ian England is both fie r ce and unre l enting and t hat is why t he novel me t with terri f ic accusati o o ns from the bourgeois a u u thorities a n n d the criti c c s.2.1.1 E E conomic Pov e e rty本科毕业论文，Q Q Q583301131。
分析苔丝悲剧的形成原因
最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文，都是近期写作1 对比分析《喜福会》中母女美国梦和母女冲突的原因及表现2 英语新词的发展研究3 论隐喻的本质与功能4 孤独的神秘与永恒的自由追求——解读《法国中尉的女人》5 中西方文学作品中复仇的异同——《基督山伯爵》和《连城诀》比较研究6 《欲望都市》中的女性语言分析7 《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的成长三部曲8 从《教长的黑面纱》看霍桑的象征主义9 论好莱坞电影的全球化战略10 On Emily Bronte's Self-realization Through the Characters in Wuthering Heights11 论中美两国的现代中年女性观念之差——以美剧《欲望都市》为例12 从生态女性主义视角分析《卡斯特桥市长》13 中英死亡委婉语对比分析14 跨文化交际中的中西友谊观对比15 浅析托尔金在《魔戒》中的创作特色16 试论盖茨比对其梦想生活的追求17 英汉模糊语言对比研究及其翻译18 《乱世佳人》中的清教主义思想解析19 Symbolism in The Old Man and The Sea20 浅谈汉英时间隐喻的文化异同21 The Narrative Strategies of O. Henry’s Short Stories22 从跨文化交际中的语用失误看中西文化差异23 论《推销员之死》主人公威利洛曼的悲剧24 英汉颜色词翻译25 Strategies of Advertising Slogans Translation from the Perspective of “Three Beauty” Principle26 CET-和IELTS阅读培训课对比研究27 A Brief Study of Rhetorical Devices Employed in President Obama’s Inaugural Address－－from the Perspective of Syntactic Structure28 An Analysis of Grotesque Features in Sherwood Anderson’s Winesburg, Ohio29 艾米莉狄金森死亡诗歌的解读30 论《天路历程》的批判精神31 An Ecofeministic Approach to Ernest Hemingway’s “Hills Like White Elephants”（开题报告+论文+文献综述）32 A Reflection upon American Heroism Based on Reviews of Hollywood Movies33 高中英语写作中母语负迁移现象分析34 从“啃老”现象看后啃老族的生活态度35 Comparative Studies on Metaphors with Animal Images in Chinese and English36 谈网络英语缩略语的构词特点及用法37 Hawthorne’s Feminism Consciousness in The Scarlet Letter38 《阿甘正传》——美国传统价值观的回归39 产品说明书的翻译技巧40 Translation of English Film Titles and the Commercial Effect41 现代英语新词分析42 《外婆的日常家当》中女性形象象征意义43 一位《飘》不去的女性—《飘》中斯佳丽的女性主义性格特点成长分析44 性别差异在外语教学中的具体体现45 汉英习语翻译及其所反映的文化差异46 论价值观对中美商务谈判的影响47 从功能对等角度看英语动物习语的翻译48 合作学习在小学英语词汇教学中的应用研究49 A Comparison of the English Color Terms50 《晚安,妈妈》中公共汽车和洗衣机的象征寓意51 从语境角度谈文学作品翻译中人物描写的语用对等问题52 Bertha Is Jane:A Psychological Analysis of Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre53 英国文化中的非语言交际的研究54 An Analysis of Life and Death in Mrs. Dalloway55 激励小学生积极说英语的教学法56 浅析《看不见的人》中看得见的种族歧视57 论国际商务中的跨文化有效沟通58 《永别了武器》中战争对人类所造成的毁灭59 对爱伦坡侦探小说犯罪心理的分析60 从功能翻译理论谈美剧字幕翻译61 《喧哗与骚动》之现代主义写作技巧分析62 中西饮食文化中的差异63 哈代在《德伯家的苔丝》中体现的男权思维和女性意识64 从时代背景看《唐璜》中个人主义到人道主义的升华65 《占有》中维多利亚时代女权主义者的爱情观分析66 商务信函翻译技巧初探67 浅论《汤姆琼斯》的现实主义特征68 透过《马丁•伊登》看杰克伦敦对超人哲学的矛盾心态69 英文祝酒辞的功能文体分析70 英汉习语中的文化差异及翻译研究71 《小妇人》的女性意识解读72 从功能目的论看化妆品广告的英汉翻译73 探究希腊神话对英国戏剧及诗歌的影响74 风筝在《追风筝的人》中的象征意义分析75 论小说《看不见的人》中的象征主义76 《支那崽》的后殖民主义解读77 从美学角度浅析许渊冲《汉英对照唐诗三首》——“意音形”三美论78 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《哈姆雷特》中的双关鉴赏79 从电影《饮食男女》看中西方饮食文化差异(开题报告+论文+文献综述)80 英汉“悲伤”情感隐喻认知对比分析81 济慈六大颂诗的意象82 浅析中西方饮食文化差异83 《围城》英译本中文化负载词的翻译研究84 对高中生英语听力自我效能感的调查和分析85 从语用学角度对英语课堂中委婉语的使用探究86 《了不起的盖茨比》中色彩的象征意义87 汽车商标词的翻译特征和方法88 Improving Senior High School Students’ 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in Daisy Miller—An Analysis on Henry James’ International Theme127 论《爱玛》中女性的婚姻观128 论英语口语教学中存在的问题及对策129 欧亨利与马克吐温的讽刺对比——以短篇小说为例130 中国跨文化交际学研究存在的不足与建议131 浅析眼神交流在非语言交际中的作用132 《当幸福来敲门》之美国文化价值观分析133 相同的追求，不同的命运——《红楼梦》中的林黛玉和《傲慢与偏见》中的伊丽莎白比较134 从《推手》看中美文化差异对家庭关系的影响135 浅析欧•亨利小说中恶棍骗子形象塑造－－以《双料骗子》，《提线木偶》为例136 语篇分析在阅读教学中的运用137 浅析英语交际法教学及其运用138 从《简•爱》的多译本看中国两性关系的变化139 西游记神话人物称谓翻译策略：归化与异化140 The Comparison of the Economic Development in China and India141142 接受美学指导下的电影字幕翻译——以《冰河世纪II》为例143 从美国核心价值观分析美国家庭学校产生的必然性144 A Study of C-E Translation of Tourist Materials from the Perspective of Cross-culture145 从女权主义角度对比分析《纯真年代》两位女主人公的爱情悲剧146 《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫的人物性格147 跨文化交际中的中西方饮食文化差异148 A Comparison of the English Color Terms149 口译中的文化差异：现象与对策150 Analysis of the Character of Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice151 The Comparison between“the Mean”of Confucius and“the Mean”of Aristotle152 A Comparison of the English Color Terms153 新闻新词的文化内涵与翻译154 国际时政专有名词的翻译与解读155 On C-E Translation of Neologisms from the Perspective of Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory156 从心理学角度谈中国学生英语学习中典型语法错误的产生原因及其应对策略157 中美动画电影所折射出的文化差异158 海明威小说硬汉形象的悲剧色彩159 论初中英语教学中的教师角色扮演160 论《阿芒提拉多酒桶》中文学手法的运用及其艺术效果161 浅析焦虑对英语专业学生英语口语的影响162 法语给英语带来的影响163 论简·奥斯汀在《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观164 浅析跨文化交际中的中英社交称谓165 A Brief Analysis of Political Euphemism166 A Comparison of the English Color Terms167 《理智与情感》的现实主义特征168 论商务谈判口译员的角色169 Analysis on Paul Morel’s Life Passages from the Perspective of Lawrence’s Unconscious 170 美国西部文学中的牛仔形象所体现出的美国英雄主义171 狄更斯在《双城记》中的人道主义思想172 A Study of English Reading Strategies in the High School173 浅析文化差异对国际贸易的影响174 艾米丽•狄金森的诗歌《我不能与你一起生活》的多重主题研究175 The Conditioning Factors of Juvenile Delinquency in the United States (-)176 海丝特白兰—清教时代的新女性177 Tradition and Beyond—Reading The Diviners as a Bildungsroman178 哈金小说《等待》中的女性悲剧分析179 A Popular Form of Subtitles Translation by Fansub Group on the Internet180 如何在高中英语教学中培养学生的创新思维能力181 中西文化差异在家庭教育中的体现182 论艾略特《荒原》中的宗教信仰与价值观183 A Comparison of the English Color Terms184 A CP-based Analysis of Humor in Friends185 从USP理论角度论苹果公司的广告策略186 生态哲人约翰•斯坦贝克187 浅谈文化差异对网络新词英译的影响188 A Study on the Cross-Cultural Management in the Sino-American Joint-Venture Enterprises －－With Special Reference to Changan & Ford Motor Company189 浅析《老人与海》中桑提亚哥丰富的精神世界190 福克纳《我弥留之际》中达尔形象解析191 《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧因素192 分析苔丝悲剧的形成原因193 关于中国文化教学的文献综述194 从功能对等理论角度浅析有关“狗”的汉语四字格成语的英译及方法195 论个人主义对美国英雄电影的影响196 商务英语中含蓄否定句的研究197 形合与意合对比研究及翻译策略198 《第十二夜》中女性人物特征分析199 浅析《飘》中女主人公的性格特征200 “黑人会飞”——托妮•莫里森小说《所罗门之歌》中的黑人神话研究。
(英语毕业论文)从女性主义分析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲剧成因
2016年最新全英原创毕业论文，都是近期写作1 浅析隐藏在“面纱”之后的伯莎梅森2 英语非作格动词语义特征和句法属性研究3 从奈达的功能对等理论看《老友记》字幕中的幽默翻译4 《雾都孤儿》中的善与恶5 剖析简爱性格的弱点6 《我的安东妮娅》中的文化冲突研究7 奥斯卡王尔德童话的唯美主义研究8 论中国古典诗词英译中三美原则的再现9 Strategies of V ocabulary Teaching in Middle School English Class10 英语新闻标题中名转动词的认知阐释11 英汉语中与饮食相关习语的文化含义及形象意义对比12 不同的阅读任务对高中生英语词汇附带习得的影响13 政论文的英译特点14 浅谈中学英语教学中的情感教学方法15 英汉习语中价值观的差异16 文档所公布均英语全英原创毕业论文。
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