高考英语高中英语语法之名词性从句

专题十名词性从句第一节基本知识与基本概念

【什么是名词性从句？】

上一章，我们了解的是定语从句，加上我们以前了解的宾语从句和状语从句，好像“名词性从句”这个概念本身就和我们所熟知的概念不是一路货色。没错。请看下表：

只是，在平时老师讲课时，形容词性从句和副词性从句并没有形成气候罢了。相比之下，名词性从句由于“家丁兴旺”而大行其道。但是，作为学生，我们有必要了解这些基本概念的来龙去脉。【主语从句】顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: 虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it What I saw was beyond any verbal description.

That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.

Why the company denied the contract is still unknown.

When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion.

It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing.

It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received.

【宾语从句】所在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如：We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests.

He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.

Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.

That will depend on whether they can get the chance.

Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.

The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again.

【表语从句】表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。如：

The only question left is how often the workers are paid.

His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating.

【同位语从句】1

从脸谱上看，同位语从句最为麻烦。因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。有点像定语从句。这个点是许多学生容易混淆的地方。但是，只有我们能把握住关键，即：定语

从句定语从句必须缺少成分。也就是说，的先行词在从句中必须作一个成分，并且这个成分应该是个空白，这一点恰恰是同位语从句所不能做到的。同位语从句前面的名词在从句中是没有位置的。况且，也不fact, news, idea, truth, 如“有内容的名词”才需要解释。是所有的名词后面都会跟同位语从句，只有那些如：hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等。t fire at the man at all was ignored. That fact that the policeman didn'

Do you have any idea what is going on in the classroom.

The possibility that we can work at home makes everybody excited.

尽管同学们在这个方面有诸多问题，但好消息还是有的，在新出台的《山东省高考考试说明》中，同

位语从句不在必考的名单之中。大家可以放心了。【连接代词、连接副词和连接词】这个词是什我们可以看出，四种名词性从句都需要有一个连接性词在从句的开头。通过以上介绍，如果作的是主语、宾语、表语的话，这个词就是连接代词；如么性质，要看它在从句中作作的成分，果作的是各种状语，就叫连接副词；如果不作任何成分，就叫连接词。如下表：

连接词that, if, whether

引导名词性从句

的连接词连接代词who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever

连接副词when, where, how, why

第二节考点分类解析

【考点一：语序问题】

名词性从句的语序问题一直断断续续地在各地高考题目中出现，由此可见其重要性。其实说来非常简单易记：永远陈述语气。即名词性从句中不会出现助动词提前的现象。如：

Who he is doesn't matter much.

When and where we shall have the sports meet is a question.

I don't know what his name is.

I don't know what is wrong with him. = I don't know what is the matter with him.

You can't imagine how excited I was at that time.

Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?

No one can be sure ______ in a million years. （MET1991）

A. what will man look like

B. what man will look like

C. man will look like what

D. what look will man like

答案：B。这个题就是典型的考查宾语从句的语序问题。根据以上所述，应该是陈述语序。所以A、C两个选项就不可能了。而D选项明显不符合我们的语言习惯。

2

【考点二：that和what的区别问题】

能引导名词性从句的关系代词有who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever八个。为何单独讲what的用法呢？重要！在考试中出现的频率高！在本书第一章《定语从句》中，