精编英语翻译--汉译英4.词语的直译和意译

专业技术职务
（副）教授 讲师 助教 （副）研究员 助理研究员 （副）编审 （助理）编辑 主任医师 主治医生 高级经济师 高级会计师
( associate) professor lecturer assistant teacher ( associate) research fellow assistant research fellow ( associate) professor of editorship ( assistant) editor professor of medicine consultant senior business engineer senior accountant
中国科学院大连化学 物理研究所
Dalian Chemistry and Physics Research Institute under the Chinese Academy of
Science
行政职务名称
（副）主席 （副）总理
总书记 （副）部长 （副）主任 （副）处长 （副）科长
( vice-) president, (vice-) chairman ( vice-) premier general secretary (vice-) minister (deputy) director (deputy) division chief (deputy) section chief
3. 词语的音译
• 功夫 • 风水 • 阴阳 • 磕头 • 炒杂碎 • 荔枝 • 太极 • 胡同
涉外会计事务所 an accounting firm authorized to handle foreign-related accounting business
调价措施
price-regulating measures
进出口税
import/export duties
所得税
income tax
最惠国待遇
素质教育
education for all-round development
实现小康目标 achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life
茶楼 酒楼 四合院
teahouse
wine shop courtyard with houses on the four sides； Chinese courtyard houses
1. 词语的直译
报纸、电视台部分栏目和常用语名称
东方时空 人与自然 音乐桥 与你同行 国际影院 环球45分钟 体育栏
Oriental Time and Space People and Nature Music Bridge Going Along with You International Cinema Around the Globe in 45 Minutes Sports Section
财贸类新词语
假冒伪劣商品 fake or poor quality commodities
出口退税制 the export tax refund system
汇率并轨
a uniform exchange rate
国有商业银行 commercial state banks
国务院主管部门 the competent department of the State Council
词语的直译意译 音译
词语的翻译
新闻照片 慢车 特快列车 继承人 白酒 干货 红眼 减肥操 街道妇女
press photo local train limited express heir spirits/liquor dried food and nuts ( as merchandise) pink eye/to be green-eyed slimnastics housewives of residential areas
组织、机构、公司名称
世界知识产权组织 World Intellectual Property Organization
中华全国青年联合会 All-China Federation of Youth
中华全国妇女联合会 All-China Women’s Federation
海关总署
General Customs Administration
中国商品检验局
Commodity Inspection Bureau of the P.R.C.
上海工商行政管理局 Shanghai Industry and Commence Bureau
中国远洋运输总公司 China General Ocean Shipping Company
深圳粮油进出口公司 Shenzhen Cereal, Oil and Foodstuff Import and Export Company
most-favored-nation treatment
2. 词语的意译
拳头产品
competitive products / knock-out products
来自百度文库经济作物
cash crops / industrial crops
向钱看
money-oriented / money grubbing / money mad
香酥鸡 清炖甲鱼 鱼香肉丝 涮羊肉 青椒肉片 五香牛肉 红烧狮子头 麻婆豆腐 炸酱面 元宵 童子鸡 四喜丸子
crisp fried chicken braised turtle in clear soup fish-flavored shredded pork in hot sauce instant boiled mutton fried sliced pork and green pepper spiced beef stewed minced pork balls with brown sauce spicy bean curd in Sichuan style noodles in Beijing style sweet dumpling spring chicken braised pork balls in gravy