翻译理论与实践

• 衔接缺失 • Whores in Turkish graveyards. Learn anything if taken young. You might pick up a widow here. Men like that. Love among the tombstones. Romeo. Spice of pleasure. In the midst of death we are in life. • (James Joyce, Ulysses)
第五讲 翻译程序：理解原文
• 一、意义的多重性和多层性
• Halliday提出的语言功能分层模式
语篇功能（textual function）
人际功能（interpersonal function）
概念功能（ideational function）
• The bushes twitched again. Lok steadied by the tree and gazed. A head and a chest faced him. Halfhidden. There were white bone things behind the leaves and hair. The man had the white bone things above his eyes and under the mouth so that his face was longer than a face should be. The man turned sideways in the bushes and looked at Lok along his shoulder. A stick rose upright and there was a lump of bone in the middle. • Willam Golding, The Inheritor
• • • • • • • •
I shall see you next spring then? Perhaps. I have a two-year contract at the school. Ah… …Will she be here next year? You will not see her. But will she be here? John Fowles, The Magus
• 二、把握语境
• HalFra Baidu bibliotekiday提出语境之三要素：
• 语场（field of discourse） • 语式（mode of discourse） • 语旨（tenor of discourse）
• 过度衔接 • Mr Knott never left the grounds, as far as Watt could judge. Watt thought it unlikely that Mr Knott could leave the grounds, without its coming to his notice. But he did not reject the possibility of Mr Knott leaving the grounds, without his being any the wiser. But the unlikelihood, on the other hand, of Mr Knott leaving the grounds, and on the other of his doing so without exciting the general comment, seemed very great to Watt. • (Samuel Beckett, Watt)