便携式气象仪

摘要

本文研究了以单片机AT89S8252芯片为核心的便携式数字气象检测仪，系统集成了温度、湿度、风向、风速气象参数的测量，其精度已经达到并超过普通气象测量的要求，通过系统机与测量单元的配合，将采集的数据显示在LCD1602上，为未来气象测量的小型化、实时化、便捷化与专业化提供了良好的应用前景和坚实保证。

首先，文中介绍了当前国内便携式气象检测技术的研究动态，分析了现有气象检测系统存在的主要问题及发展方向，指出研制便携式、高性能的集成化气象检测仪的必要性。

其次，提出了便携式气象检测仪系统的总体方案设计，使该系统真正实现智能化，专业化。用智能温温度传感器SHT10实现对温度、湿度的检测，将温湿度信号通过传感器进行信号的采集并转换成数字信号，采用EC9-1传感器实现对风向、风速的检测，再选择单片机AT89S52芯片的基础上，实现了对基本气象要素的测量和数据信息的现代化管理。

最后，设计了该系统的控制测量硬件电路及相应的软件，经试验结果表明，所设计的便携式气象仪实现了系统的性能指标和技术要求，具有高精度，灵敏度，便捷及价廉的特点，适合于在各领域广泛应用。

关键词：便携：气象仪；风向；风速；温度；湿度；

ABSTRACT

This research has to single tablets machine AT89S8252 chip for core of portable digital meteorological detection instrument, System integrated has temperature, and humidity, and wind, and wind speed meteorological parameter of measurement, its precision has reached and over general meteorological measurement of requirements, through system machine and measurement unit of tie, will collection of data displayed in LCD1602 Shang, for future meteorological measurement of miniaturization, and real-time of, and convenient of and Professional provides has good of application prospects and solid guarantee.

First of all, has described current research trends of domestic portable meteorological detection technology, analysis of existing main problems and development direction of meteorological monitoring system, noted that the development of a portable, high-performance integrated meteorological instrumentation is necessary.

Second, the proposed overall plan design of a portable meteorological instrumentation systems, making the system truly intelligent, professional. SHT10 implementation of intelligent temperature sensor for detection of temperature, humidity, temperature and humidity signal signal acquisition through sensor and converted to a digital signal, using EC9-1 sensor for detection of wind direction, wind speed, and then select the AT89S52 chips based on single-chip microcomputer, realizing basic modernization of meteorological elements measurements and data information management.

Finally, the design of the control measurements of the system hardware and corresponding software test results showed that portable meteorological instrument designed to achieve a system of performance indicators and the technical requirements, with high accuracy, sensitivity, convenience and price characteristics, suitable for wide application in various areas.

Keywords: portable; meteorological instruments; wind; wind; temperature, humidity;

目录

1、摘要 (1)

2、绪论．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2

2.1选题背景与意义．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2

2.2课题研究的基本内容与拟解决的主要问题．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3

3、总体设计．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4

3.1设计内容．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4

3.2 总体方案设计................................ 错误！未定义书签。

3.3 方案选择 (4)

3.3.1 温湿度传感器的选择 (6)

3.3.2风向风速传感器的选择................... 错误！未定义书签。

3.3.3显示模块的选择 (4)

4、系统的硬件选择及设计 (10)

4.1 温湿度传感器SHT10 (10)

4.1.1 接口定义 (10)

4.1.2 SHT10的电路特性与时序图 (11)

4.1.3 技术参数 (14)

4.1.4传感器特点 (12)

4.2风向风速传感器EC9-1 (8)

4.2.1风速风向传感器EC9-1 (9)

4.2.2 EC9-1的工作原理 (10)

4.2.3 EC9-1的硬件原理图 (11)

4.2.4 EC9-1的实物图 (12)

4.2.5 EC9-1的技术指标 (13)

4.3 单片机选择与介绍 (18)

4.3.1AT89S52介绍 (21)

4.3.2 脚口介

绍....................................． (19)

4.3.3主要性能 (20)

4.4 液晶显示器LCD1602 .......................... 错误！未定义书签。

5、硬件模块设计.................................... 错误！未定义书签。

5.1 温湿度硬件模块设计.......................... 错误！未定义书签。

5.2 风向风硬件速模块设计........................ 错误！未定义书签。

6、软件模块设计.................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.1主程序流程图................................. 错误！未定义书签。

6.2温湿度模块流程图............................ 错误！未定义书签。

6.3 风速风向模块流程图 (26)