高一英语《英语句子..

S+V+A（状语）
He stood there in surprise.
(S) ( V ) ( A)
( A)
A new hairdressing salon has opened near your home.
(S) (A)
(V) ( V ) ( O)
( A) ( A)
Before shampooing, brush your hair thoroughly.
Attributive
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 Short hair with curls will make the face look longer. The way he talked left all the people present a deep impression.
4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾 语+直接宾语）(SVOiO)
• e.g. My father bought me a car.
------My father bought a car for me
• He gave me three yuan. • ------He gave three yuan to me
1 During the 1990s, American country music has
become more and more popular.
（名词）
2 We often speak English in class.
（代词）
3 One-third of the students in this class are girls.
predicative
attributive
（一）简单句的五种基本句型
1.主语+不及物动词：( S V)
She came． My head aches. The bell rang.
2.主语+联系动词+表语(SVC)
联系动词 一 be动词类： is am are was were 二 表示变化类：become get turn grow go 三 感官动词类: look sound smell taste feel appear seem 四 表示延续性的动词 ：remain 、stay 、keep
S
பைடு நூலகம்
V
O
OC
S V O 5、 The six students keep their hands behind their backs。 OC 6、What he said just now is right。 S A V P
7、We saw the singer walking in the street。 S V O OC
His father named him Dongming.（名词） They painted their boat white.（形容词）
Let the fresh air in.（副词）
You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语） We saw her entering the room.（现在分词） We found everything in the lab in good order.
5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语 +宾补）(SVOC)
Tom made the baby laugh.
We want to have the desk repaired. *Note: Verbs such as think, feel, find, keep, see, hear, believe ,call, elect, make,let,have etc. often use this pattern.
two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
表语(predicative)
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，
它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一 般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、 不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语 从句表示。
Our teacher of English is an American. （名词） Is it yours? （代词） The weather has turned cold. （形容词） The speech is exciting. （分词） Three times seven is twenty one? （数词）
I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）
宾语补足语(complement of object)
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语 以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子 的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型 为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾 补）。宾补可由形容词、副词、名词、不 定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
He is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
Practice makes perfect
1、He fell in love with the pretty girl。 S V O 2、The children are listening quietly。
S V A 3、He runs fast in the street。 S V A A 4、We found a cat lying under the chair。
谓语(predicate)
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的
构成如下：
• 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词 原形构成。如：You may keep the book for
（介词短语）
We will soon make our city what your city is
now.（从句）
定语(attributive)
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成 分表示： Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词） China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词） There are thirty women teachers in our school.（名词） His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不 定式短语） The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动 名词） He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词 短语）
8、This is Miss Chen，our math teacher 。 S V P AP
9、We students should work hard。
S AP V P
10、He believes that he will succeed。 S V O
11. The teacher taught us some grammar rules. S V IO O 12. When I was in Hong Kong, I often had meals A S A V O in the fast food restaurant. A
同位语(Appositive) 位于名词或代词后面，补充说明它们 的性质和情况
We young people are like the sun at eight or nine in the morning. He himself will do the experiment. She is the youngest among us three. He told me the news that he had joined the party. Some subjects, such as physics and biology are very difficult to learn.
His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介 词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）
宾语(object)
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介
词后 面。例如：
They went to see an exhibition yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday. （名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）
He is a student. His face turned red. The apple tastes sweet. The soldier keeps still.
3.主语+及物动词+宾语(SVO）
I don’t believe the story . (S) (V) (O) He said that he wanted to be a pilot. (S) (V) (O)
（数词）
4 To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
（不定式）
5 Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词）
6 The rich should help the poor.
（名词化的形容词） 7 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句） 8 It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
（二）句子成分的定义
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子 成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分有主语和谓语 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补 足语和同位语。
句子的具体成分
• 主语（subject)：主语是一个句子所叙述的 主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、 疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中， 主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动 名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
状语(adverbial)
• 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的
句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示： • Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组） He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语） He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语） He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语） Wait a minute.（名词）
英语句子基本结构及成分
subject
verb object direct object
主语(S) 谓语(V) 宾语(O) 直接宾语(O) 间接宾语(IO) 补语(C) 状语（A) 同位语（AP) 表语（P) 定语（AT)
indirect object
complement adverbial appositive