高一英语--定语从句

定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导

的定语从句

第一部分精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

【知识点1】

直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。

【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.

【例】The service which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant I borrowed some books.

【例】It is a famous school he graduated 3 years ago.

【例】The chair he is sitting now is made of wood.

【知识点2】

直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。

【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.

【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.

【知识点3】

关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。

【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.

=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

=Do you remember the day _______you joined our club?

【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so.

=I don’t know the reason ________ he said so.

【知识点4】

有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.

【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知识点5】

注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。

【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.

【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, sit three students.【知识点6】

不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all,many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。

【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（= ）was read to me by my father

【例】She has two sons, ___________（=of whom neither）is a teacher.

【例】She has many books, none of which( ) is interesting.

【知识点7】

关系代词whose+名词引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。

【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.

=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.

= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.

【例】This is my teacher __________ handwriting is excellent.

= This is my teacher _____________________ is excellent.

= This is my teacher ____________________ is excellent.

【知识点8】

由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。