初中一般将来时

初中一般将来时

一般将来时讲解与练习

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态

句中一般有以下时间状语：tonight，in the future，tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天），in+段时间（在...之后）等。

二、基本结构：①主语+be going to + do；②主语

+will+ do. ③主语(只能为I /We)+shall+do

三、否定句：在①be动词（am, is, are）后加not；②will后加not成won’t；③shall后加not成shan’t

例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon. →I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

四、一般疑问句：be或will或shall提到句首，some 改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。

例如：We are going to go for a walk this weekend.

→Are you going to go for a walk this weekend?

五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.

2. 问干什么。What …do.

例如：My father is going to watch a match with me this afternoon.

→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?

3. 问什么时候。When. 例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?

六、同义句：be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow. = I will go swimming tomorrow.

七、be going to和will 的区别

be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，但它们的用法是有区别的。

（1）be going to主要用于：

1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g.

What are you going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么？

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

I’m going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。

She’s going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。

2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。

I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。

(2) will主要用于在以下几个方面：

1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。eg: They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。

I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling.

我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。

2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:

Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。

He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。

3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg:

Will you please turn on the radio? 请打开收音机好吗？

Will you go to the zoo with me? 你和我一起去动物园好吗？

八、一般将来是特殊用法：

1) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to talk about the report next Saturday.

2）be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to leave for Beijing.

注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

3）有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞往)，reach（到达），stay，leave，start, die...

如：I’m going to go to the zoo this weenend.= I’m going to the zoo this weenend.

He’s going to leave for Paris.= He’s leaving for Paris.

The old man is dying.=The old man will die. 这

个老人要去世。

4）要注意“主将从现”这一语法现象：重要连词有：if (如果)，as soon as (一....就...),when(当...时候)，