2014职称英语理工B类阅读理解课后题翻译及答案

2014年职称英语理工类B级阅读理解答案及翻译
十七、A Sunshade for the Planet（地球防晒霜）
1. According to the first two paragraphs，the author thinks that （根据头两段，作者认为）
C despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming.
（尽管困难，科学家还是有方法阻止地球变暖的）
2. Scientists resist talking about their options because they don’t want people to
（科学家不愿意谈论他们的方法是因为，不想人们）
C think the problem has been solved.（认为难题已经解决）
3. What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone?
（Stephen Schneider谈论瘾君子和美沙酮什么）
A Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict.（美沙酮是治疗毒瘾的好方法）
4. What is Stephen Schneider’s idea of preventing global warming?
（Stephen Schneider解决地球变暖的方法是
. C To apply sunscreen to the Earth.（给地球涂一层防晒霜）
5. What is NOT true of the effectiveness of “sunscreen”, according to the last paragraph?
（根据最后一段，地球防晒霜的效用不正确的是）
D It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
（它能减少大气中得温室效应气体）
十八、Thirst for Oil（石油匮乏）
1. “… we will need to cure our addiction to oil.”Why does the author say so?
（作者为什么说，“我必须治疗我们的石油瘾）
C Demand for oil is increasing all the time. （我们对石油供给的要求在不断增长）
2. Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph? （在第二段，以下句子作者没提到的是）
C Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil.
（煤对环境的污染是和石油接近）
3. Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum? （那个是汽油的最大消耗国）
A The United States. （美国）
4. What do experts say about the earth’s fuel reserves? （专家关于地球燃料的贮藏说了什么
B There will soon be an energy crisis. （很快就会出现能量危机）
5. What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the last paragraph? （根据最后一段，我们消耗矿物燃料不会引起）
D The sea level will go up.（海平面上升）
第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience（音乐机器伴侣能加强听音乐人的感受）
1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs?
（根据前三段，下面那个是不对的）
B Shimi is the creator of the musical companion.（Shimi 是音乐伴侣的发明人）
2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat?（当使用者打拍子的时候，Shimi 会做什么）
D It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with that beat.
（它会选择一个和使用者搭配的歌曲并且同时表演）
3. Which of the following about Shimi is true?（下面关于Shimi的哪个是真的）
D Shimi can be creative and interactive.（Shimi具有创造力和交互能力）
4. What does the author want to tell us?（作者要告诉我们什么）
A The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi.
（研究中心正在发明一种更强更多功能的Shimi.）
5. Which of the following is Weinberg’s assertion?（下面哪一个是Weinberg的断言）
B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.
（Shimi如果走进家庭会给人们带来很多乐趣）
二十、Explorer of the Extreme Deep（深海探究）
1．What is Alvin? （Alvin是什么）
C、A submersible．（一种潜水器）
2．Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?
（下面那个不是关于Alvin的事实）
A it can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters．（他能潜水深度为6500米）3．“．．．a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to（“对这个世界充满好奇”，指什么）
C the ocean．（海洋）
4．In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?
（Alvin和新的HOV在那些方面是相似的）
D Shape．（形状）
5．In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?
( Alvin和新的HOV在那些方面是不同的)
D Both A and B．（速度和视野）
二十一、Plant Gas （植物沼气）（12年真题）
1what was scientists' understanding of methane?(科学家怎么理解甲烷)
C）It was produced in oxygen-free environments.（它是在无氧的环境下产生）
2 To test whether plants are a source of methane, the scientists created
（为了测试植物是否是甲烷生产的资源，科学家创造了）
B）an environment with the same concentration of oxygen as the Earth has.
(和地球上氧气浓度相同的环境)
3 which statement is true of the methane emissions of plants in the experiment?
(在下面句子中，关于在实验中植物的甲烷释放哪个是正确的)
D）The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of methane emissions.
（温度越高，甲烷的释放量越大）
4 What of the following about methane is Not mentioned in the passage ?
（关于甲烷下面哪个在短文中没有提及）
D）Microbes in plants produce methane.
（植物中的微生物能生产甲烷）
5 What is the beneficial point of some microbes consuming plant-produced methane?
（一些微生物可以消耗植物产生的甲烷有什么益处）
C）Less methane reaches the atmosphere.
（可以减少排放到空气中的甲烷量）
二十二、Snowflakes（雪花）
1.What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true?（专家Libbrecht认为什么是真的）
A. No two snowflakes are exactly the same in shape.（没有两片雪花在形状是完全一样
2.What do the simplest snow crystals look like?（最简单的雪花晶体像什么）
D. They are six-sided.（六边的）
3.What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate of a snow crystal?
（影响雪花晶体形状和增长速率的是什么）
A. Humidity and temperature.（湿度和温度）.
4. It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraph that the author
（从第二段的描述中可以感觉出作者）
A. admires the beauty of the snowflakes.（羡慕雪花的美）
5. Libbrecht is not able to （Libbrecht不能）
C. create snowflakes that are exactly alike.（制造出两片一模一样的雪花）
二十三、Powering a city ?It’s a Breeze（风力发电，轻而易举）
1.What are the symbols of Netherlands according to the first paragraph?
（根据第一段，荷兰的象征是什么）
B. Wooden shoes and wooden windmills.（木鞋和木风车）
2. Which statement is best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph?
（在第二段中被提及的城市风车最好的描述是哪一个句子）
B. It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people.
（它是一种为城市居民生产能量的高科技产品）
3. The smallest models of an urban turbine（最小型的风车）
B. weighs 2,000 kilograms.（重2000KG）
4. The Netherlands leads in the urban turbine technology because
（荷兰是现代风车技术的领军是因为）
D. Netherlands is a small country with a large population.
（荷兰是有着大量人口的小国）
5. According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology?
（根据最后一段，风力发电的优点是）
D Both A and B（有很多用途而且可以安装在后院）
二十四、Underground Coal Fires a Looming Catastrophe
1. According to the first paragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is that
（根据第一段，科学家给了什么警告）
C. poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources.
（地下煤着火产生的有毒元素会污染水资源）
2. According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear?（根据第三段，地下热量不消失会发生什么）
A. Coal heats up on its own and catches fire and burns.
（煤温度升高达到燃点会着火或者爆炸）
3. What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology?（Stracher分析他在the International Journal of Coal Ecology中发表的文章中分析）
D. Coal fires can have an impact on the environment.（煤着火会对环境产生影响）
4. Which of the following statements about Paul Van Dijk is Not true?
（下面关于Paul Van Dijk哪个不是真的）
B. He has detected and monitored underground fires in Netherlands.
（他检测和见识荷兰的地下火）
5. According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control under ground fires?
（根据第五段，被建议控制地下煤着火的方法是）
D. Cutting off the oxygen supply.（切断氧气）
二十五、Eat to live
1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
（根据短文，下面哪一个是不正确的）
D. We have to begin dieting from childhood.（我们不得不从孩童时代开始节食）
2. Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2?
（为什么作者在第二段提到老年的老鼠）
B. To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice.
（为了描述节食对老鼠的影响）
3. What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage?
（从短文中正常进食的老鼠能推断什么）
D. They are more likely to suffer from inflammation.
（它们可能受到炎症的损害）
3.According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers?
（根据作者观点，哪个更能引起研究者的兴趣）
B. 27 of those 46 old genes that continued to behave like young genes.
（哪些上了年纪的老鼠有27/46像年轻人那样保持活性）
5. According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that
（根据最后两段，Spindler认为）
C. dieting is not a good method to give us health and a long life.
（节食不是得以健康长寿的好方法）
二十六、Male and Female pilots cause accidents differently
26.Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently
（男女飞行员引起事故的差异）
1．What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about?
（Johns Hopkins University进行了什么研究）
B) Gender difference in relation types of aircraft crashes.
（性别差异与坠机类型的关系）
2．Which of the statements is NOT true according to second paragraph?
（根据第二段，哪个不是正确的）
D) Only mature pilots are studied to determine the gender differences in the reasons for aircraft crash.（只研究成熟的飞行员来确定性别差异造成坠机的原因）
3．How did the researchers carry out their study?
(研究者如何进行研究)
A) They studied the findings of several previous research projects.
（它们对前几次的研究结果进行研究）
4．What is the most common circumstance of crash with female pilots？
（女飞行员最常见的坠机是什么原因）
B) Loss of control on landing or take off and stalling.
（起飞或降落时的失控和失速）
5．In the comparison of female and male pilots.（对比男女飞行员）
D) male pilots are found to make more errors in decision-making.
（男飞行员更容易做出错误的决定）
二十七、Driven to Distraction（分心驾驶）
1.Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs?
（根据头两段，哪一个是对的描述）
C. Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.
（Coyne不是真的在开车，所以他是不可能撞到那个女人的）
2.What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs?
（根据三四段，研究者想发现什么）
D. All of the above. （以上全对）
3.What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph?
（第五段给出的初步结果是）
C. In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.
（在具有挑战性的环境下开车，司机是没有额外的精神去处理其他事情的）
4. The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchers.
（第六段主要陈述研究者）
D. want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system.
（想确定一个给司机导航系统的最好的方式）
5. What kind of directions do men and women prefer?
（男司机和女司机更倾向于哪一种导航）
B. Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route direction.
（男司机更喜欢笼统的导航，女司机更喜欢清晰路线）
二十八、Sleep let brain File memories（睡觉使大脑分类记忆）
1. Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence "To sleep. Perchance to file?"?（下面哪个的意思更接近"To sleep. Perchance to file?"的意思）
A Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?
（睡觉期间，对大脑按序安排记忆）
2. What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University?
（at Rutgers University对大鼠和小鼠进行试验的结果是）
C Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation.
（大脑皮层和海马状突起在整理记忆中一起工作）
3. What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4? （在第四段的研究中提及的，记忆和葡萄糖允许量有什么关系）
D The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.
（葡萄糖允许量越小，记忆越差）
4. In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?
（记忆和海马状突起的缩小有什么关系）
B The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one's memory.
（海马状突起缩小越多，记忆越差）
5. According to the last paragraph, what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym?
（根据最后一段，去运动的最后理由是）
D To control glucose levels. （控制葡萄糖的水平）
二十九、I’ll Be Bach（我也能成为巴赫）
1．The music composed by David cope is about ______.（David cope作的曲子是）
A Classical music（经典音乐）
2．By developing a computer software，David cope aimed ______.
（David cope发明计算机软件的目的是，）
C to write an opera（写一歌剧）
3．What did cope realize about a great composer’s brain?（cope认识到伟大作曲家大脑什么）
D It creates an accurate database（它创造了一个精确的数据库）
4．Who is Emmy?（Emmy是谁）
B a computer software （一个计算机软件）
5．We can infer from the passage that ______.
（从文章中，我们能推断出）
D Emmy did much more work than a composer.
（Emmy做的工作比作曲家多）
三十、Digital Realm（数字王国，13年新增，未考）
1. The techniques of voice recognition ？语音识别技术
B are in its initial stage of development. （还处在雏形发展阶段）
2. According to the second paragraph, when we reach the stage of artificial intelligence,
（根据第二段，当我们达到人工智能阶段）
A machines can be our agents us they understand our thoughts.
（机器将通过了解我们的想法代理我们）
3. What’s the best description of Gordon Moore’s law as mentioned in the third paragraph?
（在第三段提及的Gordon Moore’s law的最好描述是）
A It motivates the development of the digital world.
（它将推动数字世界的发展）
4. What can people do in a future scene as described in the fourth paragraph?
（根据第四段描述，在未来世界人们能做什么）
D All of the above.（以上都对）
5. Which of the following statements is true of a personalized market?
（关于个性化市场，下面哪个句子是对的）
C In a personalized market, products are tailored to each consumer.
（在个性化市场，产品按每一个消费者要求制作的）
三十一、Hurricane Katrina（卡特里娜飓风）
1. What is the eye of a hurricane?（什么是风眼）
C) A calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter.
（一个直径12-60米的低压中心平静区域）
2. Which of the following is NOT the "requirements" mentioned in the second paragraph?
（下面哪个不是在第二段中提及的条件）
A) The tropical waters are warm and calm.
（一个温暖平静的热带水面）
3. Which of the following is the best explanation of the word "drive" in the third paragraph?
（哪个是第三段中"drive"词的最好解释）
C) To supply the motive force or power and cause to function.
（提供动力，促进形成）
4. What does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from thesea surface?（第四段中提到的，暖空气在海面上升形成）
B) Low pressure.
（低压区）
5. What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph?
（根据最后一段，关于卡特里娜飓风，那个不是正确的）
D) The humanitarian crisis is as serious as that of the great depression
（飓风危机像大萧条一样严重）
三十二、Mind-reading1 Machine（读心机，09年真题）
1. What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?
（什么负责处理眼睛传来的信息）
C）Neurons in the brain.
（大脑神经元）
2. Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?
（哪个句子作者未提及）
D）fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.
（fMRI帮助科学家发现大脑如何智能开发）
3. "Highlighting the areas of the brain at work" means
（标出大脑工作区域，意味着
A）"marking the parts of the brain that are processing information"
4. What did the researchers experiment on?
（研究人员用什么做实验）
B）Two volunteers.
（两名志愿者）
5. Which of the following can be the best replacement of the title?
(下面哪个是标题的最好替代)
B）Your Thoughts Can Be Scanned. （你的想法可以被扫描）
三十三、Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste
（专家呼吁局部和区域控制发射性废物地点）
1.Which of the following words can best substitute the word "withdrawal" in the first
paragraph? （下面哪一个词可以代替第一段中的单词"withdrawal"）
B Canceling. （中止）
2.According to Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilities
（根据Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel所说，确定核废物地点）
B should be approved by local people and states.
（必须取得当地人们和政府的支持）
3. What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning siting of nuclear waste disposal? （关于1987年国会确定核废物地址的问题，以下哪个不对）
D The decision by Congress was accepted by local communities.
（国会的决定被当地社区接受）
4. What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?
（在短文第四段，作者想说）
C Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region. （制定核废物地点应适应当地的环境）
5. What is meant by "regional approach" as mentioned in the last paragraph?
（最后一段中提及的"regional approach"，是什么意思）
A Waste disposal sites are located close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances. （废物处理地点应靠近反应堆，并且适合当地环境）。