初二英语词性及句子成分(上)导学案

导学案

词性和句子成分(上)

一、 学习目标

1. 能够分辨词性。

2. 会分析并划出主谓宾表的句子成分。

二、知识链接 请写出以下词性的英文缩写。

名词（ ） 代词（ ）动词（ ）形容词 （ ） 副词（ ）介词（ ）连词（ ）

三、新课导学

1、词性 名词、代词、数词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词和冠词

2、句子成分

1). 主语（subject ） 主语是句子说明的人或事物， 它一般位于__________。担当主语的可以有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和主语从句等。用“===”划出以下句子的主语，分析什么做了主语并写在括号内。

a. The sun rises in the east.（ ）

b. He likes dancing. （ ）

c. Two will be enough. ( )

d. Seeing is believing.（ ）

e. To see is to believe. （ ）

f. It is important to learn a foreign language. （ ）

2). 谓语（predicate ） 谓语是说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语部分里主

它一般位于主语_______.谓语动词由实义动词或系动词担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。谓语动词和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。用“_____”划出以下句子的谓语动词，分析什么做了谓语并写在括号内。

a. She loves English. ( )

b. He can speak Chinese. ( )

c. They are tire

d. ( ) d. He looks happy. ( )

d. We didn’t finish homework yesterday. ( ) 火眼金睛

a. He go to school by bike every day. ( )

b. I am listen to music now. ( )

c. They take classes online yesterday. ( )

d. The cake taste good. ( )

e.She will comes back soon. ( )

f. We should to help each other.( )

3). 宾语（object ）

在谓语_______。可作宾语的有名词、数词、代词、动名词、不定式和宾语从句等。

用“~~~~”划出以下句子的宾语，分析什么做了宾语并

写在括号内。

a. She wrote five letters. ( )

b. We often help him.

( )

c. We enjoy listening to the music. ( )

d. He began to learn English a year ago. ( )

e. Have you written down what she said? ( )

f. The new teacher makes it possible to learn English easily for students. ( )

※4). 表语（predicative ） 表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态，它的位置在系动词_____. 可作表语的有名词、代词、形容词与分词、数词、动词不定式、介词短语、副词以及表语从句等。 用“~~~~”划出以下句子的表语，分析什么做了表语并写在括号内。

a. My father is a great professor. ( )

b. --Who's that? --It's me. ( )

c. Everything here is wonderful. ( )

d. The story of my life may be of help to others. ( )

e. His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )

f. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.( ) 当堂检测

请写出划线部分的句子成分。

1. Oversleeping will never make your dreams come true.

2. The plane will take off soon.

3. Action speaks louder than words.

4. Difficult times show us who our true friends are.

5. The way to be happy is to make others happy.

课后练习：

一、用“===”划出句子的主语。

1. The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

2. There is an old man coming here.

3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

4. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

二、选出句中谓语动词。

( ) 1. I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. I

B. don't like

C. picture

D. wall ( ) 2. The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get

B. longer

C. days

D. summer

( ) 3. We should do what we can to help others.