英语5种基本句型
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1.they work very hard.
注意：情态动词和助动词不能单独充当 谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构 成谓语.
2.Tom feels much better now.
(系动词:表示状态,后面往往接形容词或名词。常见的系 动词：is ,am, are , become,keep,feel,look,smell,sound,taste,grow,get, go,turn,seem)
5. _ I helped _____ her __ brush _____________ her teeth.
主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
Five Types of Simple Sentences: 1. 主语 + 不及物动词 Subject + Intransitive Verb 2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 Subject + Transitive Verb + Object 3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 Subject + Link Verb + Predictive 4. 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object 5. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 Subject + Verb + Object + Complement
注意：双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语 。
He gave me two books.
4.定语:用来修饰名词或代词的词.形容词, 形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语, 不定代词,从句等. 1、This is a red car. 2、The building is their teaching building. 3、The woman doctor is my wife. 4、I have something to tell you. 5、The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. 6、Every student has an English book. 7、I know the boy who is playing basketball on the playground.
2 名词（代词）+ 分 词 3 名词（代词）+ 名 词
4 名词 （代词）+ 形容词
1 、名词（代词）+ 不定式
John asked me to help him.
Let him go home. (此处省略to)
I saw her come out of the room. (此处省略to)
名词（代词）+ 分词
3.宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么 。一般放在及物动词或介词后面.由名词,代 词,数词,动词不定式,动名词和宾语从句构成 .
1.We study English. 2.I saw him yesterday. 3.He wanted to have a pen. 4.She likes playing basketball. 5.Our teacher said that he would go there.
She brought me a shirt . S V IO DO Pass him the dictionary,please. V IO DO I lend him my bicycle. S V IO DO = I lend my bicycle to him.
后接for的有: make, buy, get, sing, cook等等。 Her mother bought her a skirt. S V IO DO = Her mother bought a skirt for her.
三、主语+系动词+表语 （S+V+P） 英文中的系动词主要是指be动词的各种变化形式，也包括 那些有时起系动词作用的实义动词。 这类动词常见的有： become（变成） look（看上去） seem(看起来） get（变得) feel（摸起来） grow（变得） turn（变成） keep（保持） stand（保持） stay（保持） smell（闻起来） sound（听起来） taste（尝起来） …
We came here in order to learn English.
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
6. 宾补：补充说明宾语。(宾语和宾补
之间有逻辑上的主谓关系） 宾语+ 宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以 下几种类型：
1 名词（代词）+ 不定式
一、主语+不及物动词 （S+V） 这种句型中没有直接宾语,但常带有状语。例如： The water is boiling . S V They have been waiting there for hours . S V The train will leave soon . S V The flags are waving in the wind S V
十大词类(Parts of Speech) 英语中的词可以根据词义，句法作用 和形式特征分为十大词类：名词、代 词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠 词、连词、数词、感叹词。
需要弄清楚的几个概念：
1、及物动词(vt.)：后面带有宾语，意思才能完整。 eg. They want some books. He is reading a book. 2、不及物动词(vi.)：本身意义完整，不需跟宾语。 eg. Birds fly. He works in the factory. 3、系动词：系动词本身虽有一定的词义，但不完整，不 能单独作谓语，必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词 等)连用,构成谓语。如：be (是), look(看起来像), become (成为,变得)等。 eg. They are teachers. He became very interested in science.
（现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动）
I found him standing at the gate . She could feel her heart beating violently. He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood. He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.
名词（代词）+ 名词
（作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加the.)
They made him captain of the ship .
英语中的句子可以按其作用或者按 其语法结构两种标准分类。
• 按其作用或使用目的，句子可分为： 陈述句：This is a truck. 这是一辆卡车。 疑问句：Is this a truck? 这是卡车吗? 祈使句：Drive the truck away. 把卡车开走。 感叹句：What a big truck it is! 多么大的卡车! 按语法结构，句子可分为： • 简单句：I am busy. 我很忙。 并列句：I am busy washing, but he is playing football with them. 我在忙着洗衣服，但他却在跟他们踢足球。 复合句：Although I am busy washing, he is playing football with them. 尽管我在忙着洗衣服，他却在与他们一块踢足球 。
3. 表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或 从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态. My sister is a nurse.
The trees turn green.
The flower is beautiful .
To see is to believe . The reason why her absence is that he is ill
He is a good student. S V P She is in the classroom. S V P It is getting warmer and warmer. S V P The trees turn green. S V P
四、主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 （S+V+IO+DO） 这类句型常有“给某人某物”、“送某人某物”、“留 给某人某物”等意思。常见的这类谓语动词后接to的有： give(给某人…) bring(带给某人…) tell(告诉某人..) send(送给某人…), leave(留给某人…) pass(递给某人…) read(给某人读…) write(给某人写…), take(给某人拿…) show(给某人看…) teach(教某人…) get(给某人弄到…) lend(借给某人…) hand(递给某人…) …
Five Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种类型
组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分 ：主 谓 表 宾 定 状 补
1. 主语:是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明 是“什么人” ， “ 什么事”.通常由名词,代词, 动词不定式,动名词来充当.
1.Lucy likes her new bike.
句子成分(Elements of the Sentence) 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，主要 有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、 状语、补语、插入语、同位语等，其中 主语和谓语是句子的主要成分。
Five Types of Simple Sentences
简单句的五种句型
简单句的五种基本结构： 1. _______ The sun rises. ____ 主语 + 不及物动词 ________ _________ 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 2. _ I don’t like basketball. _ tired. ____ 3.______ Danny is 4. _ I read story. ____ her __ a _____ 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
2.We work hard.
3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.
4.Playing football after school is great fun.
2.谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 动词充当.
动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.
二、主语+及物动词+宾语 （S+V+O） He has a sister. S V O They wanted to have a rest . S V O She carried out her plan . S V O He likes watching TV. S V O
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5.状语:说明动作或状态特征修饰用来修饰动
词,形容词,副词或整个句子.副词,介词短语,动
词不定式,以及 after, when, as soon as , until, if, before等引起的从句.
You are quite right.
They often draw in the park.
按结构英语句子主要可以分成三种： 简单句， 并列句，复合句
e.g. 1) The teacher’s name is Smith. 简单句 2) The teacher’s name is Smith and the student’s name is John. 并列句 3) He is Smith who likes going hiking. 复合句 -- 4) He is Smith and he likes going hiking. 并列句 5) Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 并列句 6) I saw him when I walked past the street. 复合句 7) He often gets up early because he wants to catch the early bus. 复合句
注意：情态动词和助动词不能单独充当 谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构 成谓语.
2.Tom feels much better now.
(系动词:表示状态,后面往往接形容词或名词。常见的系 动词：is ,am, are , become,keep,feel,look,smell,sound,taste,grow,get, go,turn,seem)
5. _ I helped _____ her __ brush _____________ her teeth.
主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
Five Types of Simple Sentences: 1. 主语 + 不及物动词 Subject + Intransitive Verb 2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 Subject + Transitive Verb + Object 3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 Subject + Link Verb + Predictive 4. 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object 5. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 Subject + Verb + Object + Complement
注意：双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语 。
He gave me two books.
4.定语:用来修饰名词或代词的词.形容词, 形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语, 不定代词,从句等. 1、This is a red car. 2、The building is their teaching building. 3、The woman doctor is my wife. 4、I have something to tell you. 5、The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. 6、Every student has an English book. 7、I know the boy who is playing basketball on the playground.
2 名词（代词）+ 分 词 3 名词（代词）+ 名 词
4 名词 （代词）+ 形容词
1 、名词（代词）+ 不定式
John asked me to help him.
Let him go home. (此处省略to)
I saw her come out of the room. (此处省略to)
名词（代词）+ 分词
3.宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么 。一般放在及物动词或介词后面.由名词,代 词,数词,动词不定式,动名词和宾语从句构成 .
1.We study English. 2.I saw him yesterday. 3.He wanted to have a pen. 4.She likes playing basketball. 5.Our teacher said that he would go there.
She brought me a shirt . S V IO DO Pass him the dictionary,please. V IO DO I lend him my bicycle. S V IO DO = I lend my bicycle to him.
后接for的有: make, buy, get, sing, cook等等。 Her mother bought her a skirt. S V IO DO = Her mother bought a skirt for her.
三、主语+系动词+表语 （S+V+P） 英文中的系动词主要是指be动词的各种变化形式，也包括 那些有时起系动词作用的实义动词。 这类动词常见的有： become（变成） look（看上去） seem(看起来） get（变得) feel（摸起来） grow（变得） turn（变成） keep（保持） stand（保持） stay（保持） smell（闻起来） sound（听起来） taste（尝起来） …
We came here in order to learn English.
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
6. 宾补：补充说明宾语。(宾语和宾补
之间有逻辑上的主谓关系） 宾语+ 宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以 下几种类型：
1 名词（代词）+ 不定式
一、主语+不及物动词 （S+V） 这种句型中没有直接宾语,但常带有状语。例如： The water is boiling . S V They have been waiting there for hours . S V The train will leave soon . S V The flags are waving in the wind S V
十大词类(Parts of Speech) 英语中的词可以根据词义，句法作用 和形式特征分为十大词类：名词、代 词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠 词、连词、数词、感叹词。
需要弄清楚的几个概念：
1、及物动词(vt.)：后面带有宾语，意思才能完整。 eg. They want some books. He is reading a book. 2、不及物动词(vi.)：本身意义完整，不需跟宾语。 eg. Birds fly. He works in the factory. 3、系动词：系动词本身虽有一定的词义，但不完整，不 能单独作谓语，必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词 等)连用,构成谓语。如：be (是), look(看起来像), become (成为,变得)等。 eg. They are teachers. He became very interested in science.
（现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动）
I found him standing at the gate . She could feel her heart beating violently. He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood. He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.
名词（代词）+ 名词
（作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加the.)
They made him captain of the ship .
英语中的句子可以按其作用或者按 其语法结构两种标准分类。
• 按其作用或使用目的，句子可分为： 陈述句：This is a truck. 这是一辆卡车。 疑问句：Is this a truck? 这是卡车吗? 祈使句：Drive the truck away. 把卡车开走。 感叹句：What a big truck it is! 多么大的卡车! 按语法结构，句子可分为： • 简单句：I am busy. 我很忙。 并列句：I am busy washing, but he is playing football with them. 我在忙着洗衣服，但他却在跟他们踢足球。 复合句：Although I am busy washing, he is playing football with them. 尽管我在忙着洗衣服，他却在与他们一块踢足球 。
3. 表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或 从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态. My sister is a nurse.
The trees turn green.
The flower is beautiful .
To see is to believe . The reason why her absence is that he is ill
He is a good student. S V P She is in the classroom. S V P It is getting warmer and warmer. S V P The trees turn green. S V P
四、主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 （S+V+IO+DO） 这类句型常有“给某人某物”、“送某人某物”、“留 给某人某物”等意思。常见的这类谓语动词后接to的有： give(给某人…) bring(带给某人…) tell(告诉某人..) send(送给某人…), leave(留给某人…) pass(递给某人…) read(给某人读…) write(给某人写…), take(给某人拿…) show(给某人看…) teach(教某人…) get(给某人弄到…) lend(借给某人…) hand(递给某人…) …
Five Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种类型
组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分 ：主 谓 表 宾 定 状 补
1. 主语:是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明 是“什么人” ， “ 什么事”.通常由名词,代词, 动词不定式,动名词来充当.
1.Lucy likes her new bike.
句子成分(Elements of the Sentence) 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，主要 有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、 状语、补语、插入语、同位语等，其中 主语和谓语是句子的主要成分。
Five Types of Simple Sentences
简单句的五种句型
简单句的五种基本结构： 1. _______ The sun rises. ____ 主语 + 不及物动词 ________ _________ 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 2. _ I don’t like basketball. _ tired. ____ 3.______ Danny is 4. _ I read story. ____ her __ a _____ 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
2.We work hard.
3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.
4.Playing football after school is great fun.
2.谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 动词充当.
动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.
二、主语+及物动词+宾语 （S+V+O） He has a sister. S V O They wanted to have a rest . S V O She carried out her plan . S V O He likes watching TV. S V O
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5.状语:说明动作或状态特征修饰用来修饰动
词,形容词,副词或整个句子.副词,介词短语,动
词不定式,以及 after, when, as soon as , until, if, before等引起的从句.
You are quite right.
They often draw in the park.
按结构英语句子主要可以分成三种： 简单句， 并列句，复合句
e.g. 1) The teacher’s name is Smith. 简单句 2) The teacher’s name is Smith and the student’s name is John. 并列句 3) He is Smith who likes going hiking. 复合句 -- 4) He is Smith and he likes going hiking. 并列句 5) Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 并列句 6) I saw him when I walked past the street. 复合句 7) He often gets up early because he wants to catch the early bus. 复合句