as 引导的各种从句

as 引导的各种从句

as 作为英语中一个非常活跃的词，其引导的从句在中学阶级较为多见，它们的种类应根据实际意义具体分析判定。如下：

一、as 充当连词，引导状语从句。

1. 引导时间状语从句，主句动作与从句动作同时发生，译为“当……的时候；一边……一边”。如：

As the students watched him quietly，he mixed the three together.

当学生们静静地看着他的时候，他把这三种液体搅和在一起。

As the pupils walked along the lake，they sang happily.

学生们沿着湖一边走，一边高兴地唱着。

2. 引导原因状语从句，从句所表达的原因是比较明显的，已为人们所知的。如：

As he did not know much English，he got out his dictionary and looked up the word “ cough ” .

由于他英语懂得不多，就拿出字典来查“咳嗽”这个词。

As it was getting very late，we soon turned back.

因为很晚了，我们很快就回来了。

3. 引导方式状语从句，此时as 可译为“如；像；按照”。如：

Remember，you must do everything as I do.

记住，你们都要照我这样做。

When at Rome do as the Romans do.

（谚语）入乡随俗。

I have changed it as you suggested.

我已经按照你的建议把它改好了。

4. 引导让步状语从句，多用于书面语中，且须用部分倒装语序，即将从句的表语或状语等前置。它比though 和although 引导的让步状语从句更有表现力，语气更强。如：

Poor as he was （＝Though he was poor ）he was honest.

他虽然贫穷，但很诚实。

Child as she is，she speaks English well.

虽然她是个孩子，但英语却讲得很好。

Fast as you read，you can't finish the book in two days.

尽管你读得很快，但你不能在两天内读完这本书。

5. 引导比较状语从句，从句通常可采用省略形式，as 译为“像……一样”。如：

It isn't as (so) cold as it was yesterday.

今天不像昨天那么冷。

二. as 充当关系代词，引导定语从句

1. 引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分，先行词通常被such，the same所修饰，构成“ such … as，the same … as ”结构。如：

You made the same mistake as （you did ）last time.

你犯了和上次一样的错误。

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me.

你必须尊敬我的妻子，像你尊敬我一样。

Such women as knew Tom （= Those women who knew Tom ）thought he was charming.

认识汤姆的女人都认为他很有魅力。

2. 引导非限制性定语从句，as 所代表的不是主句中的某个名词或代词，而是整个主句。as 可放在主句前面或后面。如：As is known to all，Taiwan is part of China.

众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。

As we have seen，oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.

我们知道，海洋占地球面积的70 ％以上。