高中英语句子成分分析PPT课件

㈤宾语补足语
object complement
• I found the book interesting. • Do you smell something burning? • He made himself known to them. • She asked me to lend her a hand. • Please make yourself at home. • Please keep the dog out. • We must keep it a secret.
间，地点，原因，目的 词,不定
，结果，条件，方向， 式,介词
程度，方式，伴随状况 短语,从
等
句等
句子 英文名 说明
成分
常用词类 例句
宾/ 主语 补足 语
comple ment
对宾、主语进 行补充说明， 与宾语一起构 成复合宾语。
同位 apposit 对前面的名词
语 ive
或代词做进一
步解释。
独立 成分
谓语 predicate 主语的动作或状态
动词
You read the book.
表语
predicativ 放在连系动词后表示主语
e
的身份或特征或状态。
名词、代词 She is a 、形容词,动 teacher. 名词,分词,不 定式,介词短 语,从句等
宾 object 语
动作的对象，承受者 及物动词后
名词、代 Mike did the 词,动名 job. 词,不定 式,从句 等
定 attribute 限定或修饰名词、代词 形容词, The black dog
语
等
动名词, barks.
分词不定
式,介词
短语,从
句等
状 adverbia 修饰动词，形容词，副 副词,形 Run quickly.
源自文库
语l
词，句子，表示说明时 容词,分
The news that he is ill worries us.
感叹词副 词短语
Oh, hello, I think, to tell you the truth, Mr. Li, Your Majesty, Mum. Yes, no
㈠主语subject
• Jane is good at playing the piano. • She went out in a hurry. • Four plus four is eight. • To see is to believe. • Smoking is bad for health. • The young should respect the old. • What he has said is true.
Indepe ndent elemen ts
与全句没有什 么语法关系， 有感叹词、肯 定与否定的答 语、插入语、 呼语等
名词、形 容词,分词, 不定式介 词短语等
I find the book very boring.
He was made monitor.
名词、数 词、代词 或从句
This is Mr. Li, our headmaster.
●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer games.
温馨提示：间接宾语在下列情况下
可以改为一个由to或for引起的短语
• 1. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时： • Give it to me. Cf. give me the book. • I’ll order it for you. Cf. I ordered us three dishes. • 2. 需要对间接宾语加以强调时： • I’ve bought this book for you, not for myself.
主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river.
→He was last seen playing near the river.
The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam.
㈢表语 predicative
• 在系动词后的部分就是表语 • 常见的系动词有: • be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,seem, • feel,smell,taste,sound, look, • get,grow, keep,turn,become,come,go ,etc. • 系动词不用于被动语态. • The apple tastes sweet.
㈡谓语predicate
• 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill? • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well.
1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. Who was the first? 6. He is out of condition. 7. The book is what I need.
高中英语句子成分分析
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
↓↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
句子 英文名
成分
说明
常用词类 例句
主语 subject
句子主体（人或事物）
名词、代词, I am a 动名词,不定 student. 式,从句等
㈣宾语object
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人.
• He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
●.please pass me the book. ●.He bought me some flowers.
●I like my job. ●I love you.