高中英语句子成分分析PPT课件
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初高中衔接 英语句子成分 课件(共36张PPT)
二、谓语 谓语在主语后，只能由动词充当
谓语是对主语动作的陈述和说明，一般在主语之后。表明主语“做
什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”。有时态、语态的变化，与主语在人
称和数上保持一致。
He likes cold milk. He works hard.
简单谓语
I shall answer your questions after class.
we should do exercise every day.
名词短语 代词
动名词 不定式 宾语从句
四、表语 表语是说明主语「是什么」或「怎么样」的词语，也可以说是说 明主语的情况，或者主语状态的词语。 表语放在连系动词后。 Lily is a Chinese girl. 名词 Five and five is ten. 数词 Mr. Li is over there. 介词 The book is mine. 代词 She looks beautiful in white. 形容词 This is where I first met him. 从句
What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”）
一、主语 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子表达的主体。表示句子所说是“什 么人”“什么事”是动作的发出者。 主语放在谓语动词前 American country music becomes more and more popular. 名词 We often speak English in class. 代词 One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
高中英语句子成分总结(共87张PPT)
The play has three acts.
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
高考英语八大句子成分和五个基本句型课件(共20张PPT)
only bones 结果状语 6. The students came into the classroom, singing and
dancing. 伴随状语 7. If he goes, so will I .条件状语 8. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 5. I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing 6. They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的
• 在这类结构中最常用的系动词是： _“__变__化__”__类_g_：e_t/_b_e_c_o_m_e_/_t_u_r_n_/g_r_o_w_/g_o_________________. _“_感__官__”__类__: _ta_s_te_/_s_m_e_l_l/_f_ee_l_/l_o_o_k_/s_o_u_n_d_______________. “持续”类： ___________s_ta_y_/_k_e_e_p_/r_e_m_a_i_n___________________. 其他：（似乎）___S_e_e_m__a_p_p_e_a_r__ (证明是)_________
8. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 句子
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语一般放在__动_词_/_动_词_短_语___之后。__介_词__词后也 会跟宾语。
1. She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n 2. We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron 3. Do you mind opening the window?动名词 4. Give me four please. 代词和数词 5. He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 6. We need know what others are doing. 句子 7. We should care more about our friends.
dancing. 伴随状语 7. If he goes, so will I .条件状语 8. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 5. I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing 6. They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的
• 在这类结构中最常用的系动词是： _“__变__化__”__类_g_：e_t/_b_e_c_o_m_e_/_t_u_r_n_/g_r_o_w_/g_o_________________. _“_感__官__”__类__: _ta_s_te_/_s_m_e_l_l/_f_ee_l_/l_o_o_k_/s_o_u_n_d_______________. “持续”类： ___________s_ta_y_/_k_e_e_p_/r_e_m_a_i_n___________________. 其他：（似乎）___S_e_e_m__a_p_p_e_a_r__ (证明是)_________
8. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 句子
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语一般放在__动_词_/_动_词_短_语___之后。__介_词__词后也 会跟宾语。
1. She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n 2. We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron 3. Do you mind opening the window?动名词 4. Give me four please. 代词和数词 5. He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 6. We need know what others are doing. 句子 7. We should care more about our friends.
高中英语语法之句子成分精讲PPT课件(共22页)
谓语
谓语用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，一般位于主语之后（祈 使句、省略句等除外），由动词或动词短语充当，且谓语动词有人称、数、 时态和语态等的变化。
例如： We often speak English in class. I bought a ticket at a discount and rode the underground three times. The days get longer and longer when summer comes. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
英语句子成分
Sentence Components
2020/7/6
1
目录
CONTENTS
1 句法介绍 2 例句分析 3 活学精练 4 知识小结
2020/7/6
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01
句法介绍
英语句子的成分
句子成分就是组成句子的各个部分。英语的句子成分主要 有主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语、同位 语、独立成分等。
补语
补足语的作用对象是主语或宾语，有主语补足语和宾语补足语两种，后者更为常 见。补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的性质、状态的一种句子成分，具有鲜明的定语 性描写或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。 （1）宾语补足语：可由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语等充当。 例如： We invite you to bring your family and friends on that special day. I find it very difficult to achieve the set goal. Mr. Smith has suggested a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.
英语句子结构分析1.句子成分ppt课件
❖ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常 帮我做功课) /
❖ The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)
8☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步 说明它的情况。
❖ 如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的
I like China. （名词）
He hates you. （代词）
How many do you need? We need two. （数 词）
I enjoy working with you. （动名词）
I hope to see you again. （不定式）
Did you write down what he said? （宾语从
pronunciation. ❖ ④ How many new words did you learn last
class? ❖ ⑤ Some of the students in the school want
to go swimming.
❖
his homework ② English ③ your pronunciation ④ new words ⑤ to go swimming
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
可编辑课件
9
谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行 为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的 后面。
We study English. He is asleep.
2024届高考英语复习：句子成分课件(共74张PPT)
试卷讲评课件
例如: I happened to meet him on my way back. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇见了他。(半助动词+不定式) Passengers may not take any photo during flight. 飞行期间,旅客不得拍照。(情态动词+动词原形)
She was determined to find out who was responsible for this. 她决意弄清楚谁该对此事负责。(be+形容词+不定式) She is known to be a good teacher. 大家都称她是一位优秀教师。(动词被动式+不定式)
二、复合谓语
试卷讲评课件
复合谓语有多种结构,包括: 半助动词+不定式( appear to do, seem to do, happen to do 等); 情态动词+动词原形; be+形容词+不定式(be about to do , be determined to do, be ready to do 等); 动词被动式+不定式/现在分词/过去分词(be known to be, be found to do, be kept doing 等); used to+动词; 连系动词+表语。
Point 2、 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分,通常由动词或短语动 词充当。谓语有人称和数的变化,可分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。
一、简单谓语
试卷讲评课件
由一个动词或短语动词构成。 例如: The car parks operate a pay-as-you-leave system. 这些停车场按“离开时付费”的模式运作。(实义动词) Don't take on too much work-the extra cash isn't worth it. 不要太卖命了--多挣那点钱不值得。(动词短语)
高中英语语法-句子成分讲解课件
句子分类 简单句 复合句 并列复合句 主从复合句
五大基本句型 主谓 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾宾补 主谓间宾直宾
2.2 谓语
定义：主语的动作或主语所具的特征和状态, 一般在主语之后。
2.2 谓语
I can swim.
She has finished the homework 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词I 或do动n’词t 短lik语e a构pp成les.
He likes reading.
复合谓语： 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形
the parade.
形容词
He followed the order to walk along the street. 动词不定式
2 总结：句子成分
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
表语
定语 状语
同位语
3.句子分类
My brother and I like apples.(并列主语) I like apples and dislike bananas.(并列谓语)
形容词 现在分词 过去分词
动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词
2.5表语
定义：又叫主语补足语。 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 一般位于系动词之后。
2.5表语
作表语的成分 I am a student It's hers. Time is precious. The war was over. Five plus two is seven. They seem to know the truth My hobby is reading.
介词短语
I waited to see you.
动词不定式
His parents died,leaving him an orphan. 分词 He was late because he got up late. 从句
五大基本句型 主谓 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾宾补 主谓间宾直宾
2.2 谓语
定义：主语的动作或主语所具的特征和状态, 一般在主语之后。
2.2 谓语
I can swim.
She has finished the homework 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词I 或do动n’词t 短lik语e a构pp成les.
He likes reading.
复合谓语： 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形
the parade.
形容词
He followed the order to walk along the street. 动词不定式
2 总结：句子成分
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
表语
定语 状语
同位语
3.句子分类
My brother and I like apples.(并列主语) I like apples and dislike bananas.(并列谓语)
形容词 现在分词 过去分词
动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词
2.5表语
定义：又叫主语补足语。 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 一般位于系动词之后。
2.5表语
作表语的成分 I am a student It's hers. Time is precious. The war was over. Five plus two is seven. They seem to know the truth My hobby is reading.
介词短语
I waited to see you.
动词不定式
His parents died,leaving him an orphan. 分词 He was late because he got up late. 从句
高中英语句子成分分析课件(共19张)
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.形容词 The man over there is my old friend. 副词 The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister介. 词短语 The boys playing football are from Class 2.现在分词 The trees planted last year are growing well now.
练习：找出下列句中的谓语： We l_o__v_e_ China. We h__a__v_e___f_i_n__is__h__e_d__ reading this book. He c_a__n___s_p__e__a__k_ English. She _s_e__e_m___s__t__ir__e_d__.
3. 表语（predicative）:
概念：
用在系动词后表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
如：
He is a teacher.
名词
Five and five is ten.
数词
He is asleep. 形容词
His father is in.
副词
The picture is on the wall. 介词短语
I enjoy working with you. 动名词
I hope to see you again. 不定式
Did you write down what he said? 宾语从句
练习：找出下列句子的宾语并指出由什么充当
We often help_h__i_m__.
代词
He likes _t_o__p__l_a__y__b__a__s_k__e_t__b_a__l_l_.
高中英语语法-句子成分ppt课件
• Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.
定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词
常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语
或从句担任，形容词位于名词之前
短语或从句置于名词之后。
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• The parents named their baby Tony.
谓语
宾语
状语
宾语：及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系
的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的
词担任，位于动词或介词之后
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句
常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任
可置于动词之前或之后
补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义 一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份
或特征
最新版整理ppt
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句子基本结构
1. Day dawns. 天亮了。
主语S
谓语V
2. Tom is a professor.
主语S 连系动词L
表语P
最新版. Ruth understands French.
句子成分：主干+枝叶
主、谓、宾（直接宾语和间接宾语）定、状、 补（主补和宾补）、表。
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可
高考英语句子成分及句子基本结构(共32张PPT)(2024版)
class? • ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to
go swimming, how about you?
（四）表语
• 表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份， 与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。
• We are Chinese. （名词） • I’m not quite myself today. （代词） • Who was the first? （数词） • The war was over. （副词） • He is out of condition. （介词短词） • They seem to know the truth. （动词不定式） • His hobby is playing computer games.（动名词短语） • That is what he told me yesterday. （从词）
• ② There is an old man coming here.
（名词）
• ③To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
（不定式）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 谓语由简单谓语和复合谓语组成。 • ①简单谓语 • The sun rises in the east. • He looked after two orphans. • ②复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English very well. • The work must be done before three o’clock.
• Do you know the man who spoke just now?
go swimming, how about you?
（四）表语
• 表语说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份， 与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。
• We are Chinese. （名词） • I’m not quite myself today. （代词） • Who was the first? （数词） • The war was over. （副词） • He is out of condition. （介词短词） • They seem to know the truth. （动词不定式） • His hobby is playing computer games.（动名词短语） • That is what he told me yesterday. （从词）
• ② There is an old man coming here.
（名词）
• ③To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
（不定式）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 谓语由简单谓语和复合谓语组成。 • ①简单谓语 • The sun rises in the east. • He looked after two orphans. • ②复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English very well. • The work must be done before three o’clock.
• Do you know the man who spoke just now?
句子成分分析课件-高中英语初高中衔接
05
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语是指物或 事,间接宾语指人或动物.
He gave me some books.
间接
直接
宾语
宾语
He gave some books to me.
Please pass me the book.
He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
1. Who│knows│the answer 2. He │has refused│to help them. 3. He│enjoys│reading.
09
基本句型 四:主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, e.g. give/pass/bring/show。这两个宾语通常一个 指人(间接宾语); 一个指物(直接宾语)。 --Give me a cup of tea please. --Give a cup of tea to me please.
09
并列句
一. 概念 是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常 由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词，只在两个简单句之 间用分号。 二. 基本结构：“简单句+并列连词+简单句”
It is late ；we must hurry. It is late , so we must hurry.
05
定语后置： 如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而 由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置 The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语是指物或 事,间接宾语指人或动物.
He gave me some books.
间接
直接
宾语
宾语
He gave some books to me.
Please pass me the book.
He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
1. Who│knows│the answer 2. He │has refused│to help them. 3. He│enjoys│reading.
09
基本句型 四:主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, e.g. give/pass/bring/show。这两个宾语通常一个 指人(间接宾语); 一个指物(直接宾语)。 --Give me a cup of tea please. --Give a cup of tea to me please.
09
并列句
一. 概念 是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常 由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词，只在两个简单句之 间用分号。 二. 基本结构：“简单句+并列连词+简单句”
It is late ；we must hurry. It is late , so we must hurry.
05
定语后置： 如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而 由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置 The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now
高中英语句子成分分析课件(共19张)-经典通用课件资料
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名词
形容词
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We found nobody in. Please make yourself at home. Don’t let him do that. His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. Don’t keep the lights burning. I’ll have my bike repaired.
代词 不定式
______________________________
动名词
_______________________
宾语从句
________________________
名词
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5. 宾补 概念： 对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。有些 及物动词除了有一个宾语以外，还要有一 个宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的动作、身 份、状态、性质、特征等，使句子的意义 完整。 We elected him monitor. We will make them happy.
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3. 表语（predicative）: 概念： 用在系动词后表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 如： He is a teacher. Five and five is ten. He is asleep. His father is in. The picture is on the wall. My watch is gone / missing / lost. To see is to believe. The question is whether they will come.形容词
高考英语句子成分分析ppt课件
.
表语 在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是 “什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代 词或形容词担任. My name is Mary He is a student Three times seven is twenty one The weather has turned cold The meeting is of great importance.
.
定语 修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词 等担任 The black bike is mine Guilin is a beautiful city China is a developing country; America is a developed country. His rapid progress in English made us surprised
.
简单句
主系表结构 主语+系动词+表语.主要用以说明主语的特征 ，类属，状态，身份等。 You are students.
We are in the classroom.
We are good friends
宾语 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系 补足语
形容词，名词，介词 She always keeps the house
短语等
clean.
主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
.
主语 句子的主体表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事，全句述说的对象。常置于句首。 • I like football. • The boy needs a pen. • We often speak English in class • The rich should help the poor.
表语 在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是 “什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代 词或形容词担任. My name is Mary He is a student Three times seven is twenty one The weather has turned cold The meeting is of great importance.
.
定语 修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词 等担任 The black bike is mine Guilin is a beautiful city China is a developing country; America is a developed country. His rapid progress in English made us surprised
.
简单句
主系表结构 主语+系动词+表语.主要用以说明主语的特征 ，类属，状态，身份等。 You are students.
We are in the classroom.
We are good friends
宾语 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系 补足语
形容词，名词，介词 She always keeps the house
短语等
clean.
主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
.
主语 句子的主体表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事，全句述说的对象。常置于句首。 • I like football. • The boy needs a pen. • We often speak English in class • The rich should help the poor.
《高中英语句子成分分析课件》
如：The picture looks beautiful. 如：They declared him the winner. 如：We consider her a friend.
如：The bird sings beautifully.
系动词
如：She is a doctor.
宾语
宾语是句子中的动作承受者或所指对象。它通常回答“谁被做了什么”这样的问题。
1
直接宾语
如：I bought a new book.
2
间接宾语
如：My mother gave me a present.
3
宾语从句
如：She asked if I could help her.
表语
表语用来描述主语的状态、特征或性质。它通常回答“是什么”这样的问题。
形容词
如：She is happy.
名词
如：My sister is a musician.
定语
定语用来修饰名词或代词，限定或描述它们的特征。它通常回答“哪一个”、“怎样的”这样的问题。
1 形容词
如：I love reading interesting books.
2 名词
3 定语从句
如：The boy with glasses is my friend.
如：The house that Jack built is very old.
状语
状语用来描述动作的方式、时间、原因、地点等。它通常回答“如何”、“什么时候”、“为什么”、“在哪里”这样 的问题。
方式
如：He drives carefully.
时间
如：They arrived early.
原因
高中英语语法句子成分讲解(附练习和答案)课件(共22张PPT)
5种基本句型
主+谓 主+谓+直宾 主+谓+间宾+直宾 主+谓+直宾+宾补 主+谓（系）+表
1. Her love died. 2. She loved me. 3. She gave me a kiss. 4. She made me happy. 5. She is lovable.
动词决定句型，但动词决定不了状语和定语的存在与否，或者说，状语 和定语填补动词的语义空缺。
谓语 –说明主语的动作、状态和特征
✓ 必不可少； ✓ 决定句子结构； ✓ 谓语的形式结构-动词
– We study English. – He likes playing the games.
宾语 –动作的承受者
动宾 i like china. （名词） he hates you. （代词） how many do you need? we need two. （数词） we should help the old and the poor. i enjoy wor with you. （动名词） i hope to see you again. （不定式） did you write down what he said? （宾语从句） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 are you afraid of the snake? 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） he gave me a book yesterday. give the poor man some money.
补语 – 补充说明名词的成分，通常出现在主语或宾语后边。
✓ 宾语补足语. ✓ 主语补足语（表语）； ✓ 补足语的形式结构：
2025届高考英语专项复习 句子成分及基本句型 课件(共28张PPT)
定语通常包括前置定语和后置定语 前置定语 放在被修饰或限定的词前
I have a cute dog.
后置定语 放在被修饰或限定的词后 The girl in the reddress is my sister.
英语八大句子成分
定语
可以作定语的词类
名词 I am an English teacher.
动名词 Entering a university is my dream.
从句 What he said is right.
英语八大句子成分
谓语 >说明主语的动作、状态和特征
只有动词和动词短语能作谓语
→谓语有人称、数和时态的变化
>谓语通常包括简单谓语和复合谓语
简单谓语 由一个实义动词或动词短语构成
I love my dog.
复合谓语 由情态动词/助动词+动词原形 或 系动词+表语构成
I don 't want to drink water. You should drink much water. You look beautiful.
英语八大句子成分
宾语 > 动作的对象和承受者
>双宾语(间接宾语IO+直接宾语DO)
形容词 数词
I read an interesting book. I have two brothers.
介词短语 The girl in a red stress is my sister. 不定式 I have a letter to write .
分词 The smiling girl is my sister.
英语八大句子成分 主语
可以作主语的词类
名词 The dog iscute.
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名词、代 Mike did the 词,动名 job. 词,不定 式,从句 等
定 attribute 限定或修饰名词、代词 形容词, The black dog
语
等
动名词, barks.
分词不定
式,介词
短语,从
句等
状 adverbia 修饰动词，形容词，副 副词,形 Run quickly.
语l
词，句子，表示说明时 容词,分
㈡谓语predicate
• 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill? • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well.
㈢表语 predicative
• 在系动词后的部分就是表语 • 常见的系动词有: • be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,seem, • feel,smell,taste,sound, look, • get,grow, keep,turn,become,come,go ,etc. • 系动词不用于被动语态. • The apple tastes sweet.
Indepe ndent elemen ts
与全句没有什 么语法关系， 有感叹词、肯 定与否定的答 语、插入语、 呼语等
名词、形 容词,分词, 不定式介 词短语等
I find the book very boring.
He was made monitor.
Li, our headmaster.
1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. Who was the first? 6. He is out of condition. 7. The book is what I need.
高中英语句子成分分析
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓ ↓
↓↓
↓
主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
句子 英文名
成分
说明
常用词类 例句
主语 subject
句子主体（人或事物）
名词、代词, I am a 动名词,不定 student. 式,从句等
谓语 predicate 主语的动作或状态
动词
You read the book.
表语
predicativ 放在连系动词后表示主语
e
的身份或特征或状态。
名词、代词 She is a 、形容词,动 teacher. 名词,分词,不 定式,介词短 语,从句等
宾 object 语
动作的对象，承受者 及物动词后
间，地点，原因，目的 词,不定
，结果，条件，方向， 式,介词
程度，方式，伴随状况 短语,从
等
句等
句子 英文名 说明
成分
常用词类 例句
宾/ 主语 补足 语
comple ment
对宾、主语进 行补充说明， 与宾语一起构 成复合宾语。
同位 apposit 对前面的名词
语 ive
或代词做进一
步解释。
独立 成分
主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river.
→He was last seen playing near the river.
The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam.
●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer games.
温馨提示：间接宾语在下列情况下
可以改为一个由to或for引起的短语
• 1. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时： • Give it to me. Cf. give me the book. • I’ll order it for you. Cf. I ordered us three dishes. • 2. 需要对间接宾语加以强调时： • I’ve bought this book for you, not for myself.
㈤宾语补足语
object complement
• I found the book interesting. • Do you smell something burning? • He made himself known to them. • She asked me to lend her a hand. • Please make yourself at home. • Please keep the dog out. • We must keep it a secret.
㈣宾语object
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人.
• He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
●.please pass me the book. ●.He bought me some flowers.
●I like my job. ●I love you.
The news that he is ill worries us.
感叹词副 词短语
Oh, hello, I think, to tell you the truth, Mr. Li, Your Majesty, Mum. Yes, no
㈠主语subject
• Jane is good at playing the piano. • She went out in a hurry. • Four plus four is eight. • To see is to believe. • Smoking is bad for health. • The young should respect the old. • What he has said is true.