长难句翻译)

笔译翻译练习(5.8)

一、长难句翻译（分句与合句）

1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

行为主义者认为，如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素，这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展，那么，儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。

2. If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.

如果做父母的对这种青少年的反应有所准备,而且意识到这是一个显示出孩子正在成长，正在发展珍贵的观察力和独立的判断力的标志，他们就不会感到如此伤心,因此也就没有愤恨和反对的情绪而把孩子推到对立面去。

3. The election which has led to your being chosen to preside over（主持，负责，管理）this Assembly—a very wise choice indeed—is a tribute（礼物）to your great country, which has contributed to the development of the history of free nations a tradition of peace that serves as an example for the legal community that we constitute, a country which has always commanded respect and admiration from all corners of the world.

这次选举你被选为主持这个大会，事实上是个非常明智的选择，是对你伟大的国家的献礼，贵国为自由国家的历史发展贡献出了一种和平传统，这一传统是我们法治国家的榜样，全世界都为贵国表示尊敬和钦佩。

4. There are several reasons why he (Kissinger) no longer appears to be the magician the world press had made him out to be, an illusion which he failed to discourage（阻止）because, as he would admit himself, he has a tendency toward megalomania（狂妄自大）.

全球内的报界曾把基辛格渲染成魔术师一般的人物。而他也没有阻止人们制造这种错觉。因为据说他有一种自大狂倾向，现在他不再像这样一种人物了，原因有这么几个。

5. Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free（游离的）, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity(亲和力).

铝直到19世纪才被人发现，由于铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起，最普遍的是跟氧结合；因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力，由于这个原因，在自然界找不到游离状态的铝。

6. They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty. 穷人是首先体会到科技进步造成的痛苦的，因为科技进步破坏了前几代人把传统体力劳动作为摆脱贫困的方式。

7. Until 1972, all efforts by the two nations to curb（控制）the nuclear-arms race（军备竞赛）had founded on one point: U.S. insistence on the right to make on-site inspections of the Soviet

strategic arsenal（兵工厂）and Russia’s refusal.

美国坚持要求实地视察苏方战略武器库，而苏联拒绝这样做，两国有关限制核军备竞赛的一切努力就因此而告吹，直到1972年一直无进展。

8. A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind firmly, and be well versed（精通）in the definitions, formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study.

为了能够打好数学基础，掌握好数学以便更好的深造，一个学数学的人必须熟悉所有常用在数学领域里面的符号与标志，牢牢记住它们，并且精通数学领域的各种定义、公式和的相关术语。

9. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.

尽管警察已接到命令,要作好准备以应付紧急情况,但人们不敢出门,因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。

10. The medical waste（医疗废弃物）that has fouled（污染）beaches in the New York region at the peak of the summer season has taken its toll on（造成损失）business all along the shore, driving vacationers away both from beaches that have been closed and from those that have remained open.

医疗用品生产厂家的废弃物污染了纽约地区的海滨。时值盛夏，一些海滨浴场关闭，而仍然开放的一些海滨浴场也门可罗雀，大批度假者离此而去，这造成海滨地区商业严重损失。

11. I must say that his statement was laudable（值得赞赏的）for its frankness and quite plausible （貌似有理的）on the basis of premises which, I’m af raid, are invalid（无效的）in the context of the United Nations Charter（《联合国宪章》）.

我必须说他坦率的声明是值得称赞的，也相当合理，但是在《联合国宪章》的背景下，恐怕又是无效的。

12. Up to the present time, throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this new tendency placed（安放）the home in the immediate（最接近的）suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity, business relations, government, and pleasure in the centers of the cities.

至今为止，整个18和19两个世纪，出现了这种新的倾向：把住宅安排在城市的近郊，但把生产活动、商业往来、政府以及娱乐都集中在城市的中心地区。