2015年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷
2015年研究生考研英语真题试题及答案解析
2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题（考试时长：180分钟总分：100分）Section I Use of English :Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as ―related‖ as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which__(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used inboth_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medicalgenetics at UC San Di ego, says, ―Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.‖The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genesfor immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,asthe team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could bemany mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similarfriends_(13)_‖functional Kinship‖ of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pacein the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people‘s_(18)_to befriend those ofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C orD. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted ―kings don‘t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.‖ But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections haveforced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy isseeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with theirmagnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion isparticularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above―mere‖ politics and ―embody‖ a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs‘ c ontinuing popularitypolarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in theworld, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutistcounterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters toavoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as theyclaim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdatedand indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economistsare warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre thatwealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princesand princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these arewealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes itincreasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe‘s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come,it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.reputation with her rather ordinary (if It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy‘ｓwell-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste oflifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchieshave largely survived because they provide a service –as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans,who are the monarchy‘s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats‘ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility‘s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals ―have most to fear‖ because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phoneis on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsetsthe old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time oftheir arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidlychanging technologies.advice. Enough of the The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California‘simplications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California‘s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information —is similar to, say, rifling through athe Fourth Amendment when they sift suspect‘s purse. The court has ruled that police don‘t violatethrough the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one‘s smartreadingphone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee‘shistory, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.The development of ―cloud computing,‖ meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have aright to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution‘s prohibitionon unreasonable searches.-drawing. In As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn‘t ease the challenge of linemany cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search throughphone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe,urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are noterased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for policeto cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow California‘s argument whole. New, disruptive technologyprotections. Orin Kerr, a law sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution‘sprofessor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century withthe establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had tospecify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out howthe Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects‘ mobile phones without a warrant.uthorized.[C] check suspects‘ phone contents without being a[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author‘s attitude toward California‘s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.hone contents is comparable to28. The author believes that exploring one‘s p[A] getting into one‘s residence.[B] handling one‘s historical records.[C] scanning one‘s correspondences.[D] going through one‘s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens‘ privacy is not effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr‘s comparison is quoted to indicate that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C]California‘s argument violates principles of the Constitution.[D]principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from otherjournals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to theirreproducibility of many published research findings.―Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,‖ writes McNuttin an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed sevenexperts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up foradditional scrutiny by the journal‘s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editorsor by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review thesemanuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: ―The creation ofthe ?statistics board‘ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and datall drive to increase reproducibility inanalysis in scientific research and is part of Science‘s overathe research we publish.‖Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member ofthe SBoRE group. He says he expects the board to ―play primarily an advisory role.‖ He ag join because he ―found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, uniqueand likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications inScience itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to modeltheir approach after Science.‖John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is ―a most welcome step forward‖ and ―long overdue.‖―Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papershe says. But he noted thatnowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,‖ biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American MedicalAssociation and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors arealarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchersshould improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line,―engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the processsays that Science‘s idea to pass some papers to statisticians ―has some merit, but a weakness i it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ?the papers that need scrutiny‘ in the first place‖．31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase ―flagged up‖ (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science‘s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers‘ workload.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors‘ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch‘s d aughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the ―unsettling d earth ofIntegrity had collapsed, she argued, because of aintegrity across so many of our institutions‖ collective acceptance that the only ―sorting m echanism ‖in s ociety should be profit and themarket .But ―it‘s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profitincreasingly apparent that the absence of Driving her point home, she continued: ―It‘spurpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the mostdangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.‖ This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose itsway as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes – finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, AndyCoulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent ofthe same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known tohave hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the pointperson for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespreadphone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations washow little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to askand the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defencewas that she knew nothing.In today‘s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of societyshould be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies‘ financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books‘s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making theutterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But theyshow comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inferenceand problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp bypresenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader.What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or ―true‖ meaning that can be and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn‘t,however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers fromdifferent historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlappingreadings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental humanconcerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will alsodo-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesnnecessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile thananother. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points forand counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overallliteracy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of agiven course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on atrain or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, ageand social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure oreven close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using cluespresented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make amental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence,image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, orabout its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author willinevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author,not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author‘s own thoughts.[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we mightcall textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in aformal structures (so espec ially its language structures) and various kinds of background,text‘ssocial knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tideof emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46)This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and,by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe.Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to thenew world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the variednational groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw,new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible.But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in manyways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United Statescrossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century explorations ofNorth America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, theWest Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough foodallotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, andinfants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, andoften calm brought unbearably long delay.―To t he anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.‖ distance smelt as sweet as a said one recorder of events, ―The air at twelve leagues‘ new-blown garden.‖ The colonists‘ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house whichextended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here wasthe raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)手机时代的聚会参考答案及详细解析I cloze1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。
2015年考研英语二真题解析和翻译(大师兄版)
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2015年考研英语真题及解析
1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advised3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]separated[D]connected5.[A]tests[B]objects[C]samples[D]examples6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unreliable[D]incredible7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]seek[D]know8.[A]resemble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus10.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewise[D]Perhaps11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like12.[A]drive[B]observe[C]confuse[D]limit13.[A]according to[B]rather than[C]regardless of[D]along with14.[A]chances[B]responses[C]missions[D]benefits15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic20.[A]see[B]show[C]prove[D]tellSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted“kings don’t abdicate,they die in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.So,does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days?Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals,with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.When public opinion is particularly polarised,as it was following the end of the Franco regime,monarchs can rise above“mere”politics and “embody”a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’continuing popularity as heads of state.And so,the Middle East excepted,Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world,with10 kingdoms(not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for anon-controversial but respected public figure.Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside.Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today——embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles,not horses(or helicopters).Even so,these are wealthy families who party with the international1%,and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come,it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary(ifwell-heeled)granny style.The danger will come with Charles,who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world.He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service——as non-controversial and non-political heads of state.Charles ought to know that as English history shows,it is kings,not republicans,who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21.According to the first two Paragraphs,King Juan Carlosof Spain________.[A]used to enjoy high public support[B]was unpopular among European royals[C]eased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly________.[A]owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C]to give voters more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23.Which of the following is shown to be odd,according to Paragraph4?[A]Aristocrats’excessive reliance on inherited wealth.[B]The role of the nobility in modern democracies.[C]The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.24.The British royals“have most to fear”because Charles________.[A]takes a rough line on political issues[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C]takes republicans as his potential allies[D]fails to adapt himself to his future role25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A]Carlos,Glory and Disgrace Combined[B]Charles,Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C]Carlos,a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles,Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data?The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling,particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.It is hard, the state argues,for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice.Enough of the implications are discernable,even obvious,so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police,lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to,say,going through a suspect’s purse.The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant.But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home.A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history,financial history,medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.The development of“cloud computing,”meanwhile,has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy.But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life.Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case,stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing.In many cases,it would not be overly burdensome for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents.They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe,urgent circumstances,and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while waiting for a warrant.The court,though,may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole.New,disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections.Orin Kerr,a law professor,compares thejournal’s internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,McNutt said:“The creation of the‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani,a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,a member of the SBoRE group,says he expects the board to“play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he“found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel,unique and likely to have a lasting impact.This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis,a physician who studies research methodology,says that the policy is“a most welcome step forward”and“long overdue.”“Most journals are weak in statistical review,and this damages the quality of what they publish.I think that,for the majority of scientific papers nowadays,statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says.But he noted that biomedical journals such asAnnals of Internal Medicine,the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data,but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research,according to David Vaux,a cell biologist.Researchers should improve their standards,he wrote in2012,but journals should also take a tougher line,“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.”Vaux says thatScience’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians“has some merit,but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’in the first place”.31.It can be learned from Paragraph1that________.[A]Science intends to simplify its peer-review process[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects32.The phrase“flagged up”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning to________.[A]found[B]marked[C]revised[D]stored33.Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may________.[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Science’s circulation[D]set an example for other journals34.David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now________.[A]adds to researchers’workload[B]diminishes the role of reviewers[C]has room for further improvement[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future35.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A]Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers[B]Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C]Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’Desks[D]Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText4Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions.”Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only“sorting mechanism”in society should be profit and the market.But“it’s us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit.”Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes——finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands,Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to5,500people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in2001to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This long story still unfolds.In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility, shareholder value,business–friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.MsBrooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions—nor received traceable,recorded answers.36.According to the first two paragraphs,Elisabeth was upset by________.[A]the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B]companies’financial loss due to immoral practices[C]governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions37.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that________.[A]Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B]more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking[C]Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge[D]phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions38.The author believes the Rebekah Books’s defence________.[A]revealed a cunning personality[B]centered on trivial issues[C]was hardly convincing[D]was part of a conspiracy39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows________.[A]generally distorted values[B]unfair wealth distribution[C]a marginalized lifestyle[D]a rigid moral code40.Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A]The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B]Common humanity is central to news reporting.[C]Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.[D]Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)How does your reading proceed?Clearly you try to comprehend,in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them,drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar.(41)_______.You begin to infer a context for the text,for instance,by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved.Who is making the utterance,to whom,when and where？The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension.But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving.You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.(42)_______Conceived in this way,comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader.What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute,fixed or“true”meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy,or some timeless relation of the text to the world.(43)_______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are.(44)_______.This doesn’t,however,make interpretation merely relative or even pointless.Precisely because readers from different historical periods,places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page---including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns---debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)_______.Such dimensions of reading suggest---as others introduced later in the book will also do---that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading.It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another.Ideally,different kinds of reading inform each other,and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another.Together,they make up the reading component of your overall literacy,or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A]Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course?Reading it simply for pleasure?Skimming it for information?Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B]Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading,our gender,ethnicity,age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C]If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms,you guess at their meaning,using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later,you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect,you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence,image or reference might have had:These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences,for instance,about how the text may be significant to you,or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems,characters speak as constructs created by the author,not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G]Rather,we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures(so especially its language structures)and various kinds of background,social knowledge,belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay you should1)describe the drawing briefly2)explain its intended meaning,and3)give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)手机时代的聚会2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语一）解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文选自2014年7月15日International Business Times上一篇题为“DNA of Friendship:Study Finds We are Genetically Linked to Our Friends”（DNA友谊：研究发现我们在基因上和我们的朋友有着千丝万缕的联系）的文章。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案(一)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案（一）中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. CIF: 到岸价(Cost Insurance and Freight)2. Dow Jones Industrial Average: 道琼斯工业平均指数3. The Renaissance: 文艺复兴4. meteor storm: 流星雨; 流星雨风暴5. intangible asset: 无形资产6. insurance policy: 保险单，保单7. immune system disorders: 免疫系统疾患;免疫系统病变; 疫系统紊乱8. exchange rate: 汇率9. fiscal deficit: 财政赤字10. Silicon Valley: 硅谷11. brain drain: 人才流失12. Oedipus complex: 恋母情结; 俄狄浦斯情结13. Force Majeure: 不可抗力14. multilateral cooperation: 多边合作15. epidemic disease: 流行病1.半导体: semiconductor2.知识产权: intellectual property; intellectual property rights3.酸雨: acid rain4.人均国内生产总值: GDP per capita; per capita gross domestic product5.外资企业: foreign-owned enterprise6.自由撰稿人: free-lancer7.温室效应: greenhouse effect8.贸易顺差: trade surplus9.货币贬值: currency devaluation; currency depreciation10.高血压: hypertension; high blood pressure11.违约责任: liability for breach of contract12.可再生能源: renewable energy; renewable energy sources; renewable energy resources13.主权国家: sovereign state; sovereignty14.扩大内需: expand domestic demand15.民意调查: poll; opinion poll; opinion surveyII. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseThe Literature of Knowledge and the Literature of Power (Excerpt)By Thomas de QuincyWhat is it that we mean by literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held toinclude everything that is printed in a book. Little logic is required to disturb that definition. The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature. So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not literature; but inversely, much that really is literature never reaches a station in books. The weekly sermons of Christendom, that vast pulpit literature which acts so extensively upon the popular mind—to warn, to uphold, to renew, to comfort, to alarm—does not attain the sanctuary of libraries in the ten-thousandth part of its extent. The Drama again—as, for instance, the finest of Shakespeare’s plays in England, and all leading Athenian plays in the noontide of the Attic stage—operated as a literature on the public mind, and were (according to the strictest letter of that term) published through the audiences that witnessed their representation some time before they were published as things to be read; and they were published in this scenical mode of publication with much more effect than they could have had as books during ages of costly copying or of costly printing.参考译文:我们所说的“文学”是什么呢?人们，尤其是对此欠考虑者，普遍会认为：文学包括印在书本中的一切。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答(三)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答（三）中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. 中小企业: small and medium enterprises2. 洗钱：money laundering3. 人民币升值：appreciation of the RMB4. 次贷危机: Subprime mortgage crisis5. 水土流失: water and soil loss6. 贸易顺差: trade surplus7. 企业社会责任: Corporate Social Responsibility8. 主权信用评级: sovereign credit rating9. 贩卖人口: human trafficking10. 美国驻华大使: American Ambassador to China11. 温室效应: Green House Effect12. 投资回报率: Return On Investment13. 供应链: Supply Chain14. 劳动密集型产业: labor-intensive industry15. 防止核扩散条约: Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; nuclear non-proliferation treaty16. capital chain: 资金链17. humanitarian intervention: 人道主义干涉18. credit facilities：信贷措施;信贷服务19. exclusive interview: 独家采访20. clean governance：廉洁从政;廉政21. poll：投票;民意测验;民意调查22. double-dip recession：双底衰退;二次衰退;双谷经济衰退22. the State Council：(中国)国务院23. debt limit：债务限额;债务上限;债务额度24. a Palestinian proposal to apply for statehood：巴基斯坦申请建国的提议;巴勒斯坦建国提案25. social security：社会保障;社会保险27. an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude on the Richter Scale：里氏9.0级地震28. a cease-fire agreement：停火协定;停战协定29. oil leak：漏油30. organizing committee：组织委员会II. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseAll parents damage their children. It cannot be helped. Youth, like a clean glass, absorbs the prints of its handlers. Some parents smudge, others crack, a few shatter childhoods completely into jagged little pieces, beyond repair. Parents rarely let go of their children, so children let go of them. They move on. They move away. The moments that used to define them—a mother’sapproval, a father’s nod—are covered by moments of their own accomplishments. It is not until much later, as the skin sags and the heart weakens, that children understand: their stories, and all their accomplishments, sit atop the stories of their mothers and fathers, stones upon stones, beneath the waters of their lives.Through it all, despite it all, Eddie privately adored his old man, because sons will adore their fathers through even the worst behavior. It is how they learn devotion. Before he can devote himself to God or a woman, a boy will devote himself to his father, even foolishly, even beyond explanation.参考译文:所有的父母都会伤害孩子。
中山大学考研历年真题下载
中山大学考研历年真题下载关注微信公众号，官方微博，豆瓣小组，人人小站【名称都为：鸿儒中大考研网】。
以上四种方式任选两种，并截图给官网右侧“售后老师”，老师收到截图即可获得下载密码及订购资料和辅导班的优惠权限！如有考研疑问，请联系右侧的咨询老师！注意：如果考生所报考专业的真题，并没有在以下目录中，请把你报考专业的专业名称，考试科目名称及代码发给官网老师，老师核对后会第一时间补全！链接之前，请加上：，例如：政治真题的下载链接为真题链接/密码03-15中大考研：政治真题1nuyVc 00-15中大考研：英语一真题及考研英语资料1c0Hc8Li00-15中大考研：英语二真题及考研英语资料1bnqGn1P1987-2015中大考研：数学一真题1eQGY8BC03-15中大考研：数学二真题1gdlixQ704-15中大考研：数学三真题1c0k85G0 07-15中大考研：管理类联考199真题及答案1qW0ziY408-15年中大：885 水文学1nty3xEh08-15中大考研：353卫生综合1ntlCjlJ08-15中大考研：601 高等数学（A）1mg07qgK08-15中大考研：602 高等数学（B）1o6j8nGm08-15中大考研：610民俗学概论1kT4DcOn08-15中大考研：611文学评论写作1o63lcFo08-15中大考研：612 语言学概论1pJBW4vp 08-15中大考研：613 现代汉语与语言学概论1gdxtEAf08-15中大考研：614 文献释读1mg7sTni08-15中大考研：615 文学基础1qW64KNy08-15中大考研：616 作品评论1c00N6Go08-15中大考研：618 考古学基础（A）1oayAi08-15中大考研：620 西方哲学史1g8TnK 08-15中大考研：621 逻辑哲学与逻辑史基础知识1bnjoDX108-15中大考研：623 中西哲学史1mg9uIXq08-15中大考研：624 中国美学1o6MhVCY 08-15中大考研：625 中外哲学史基础知识1c0vxTpI08-15中大考研：626 法学理论A卷1hq8hbLU 08-15中大考研：627 法律史A卷1i3o2hMX 08-15中大考研：628 宪法与行政法学A卷1c0k85R6 08-15中大考研：629 刑法学A卷1eQ4hsyu 08-15中大考研：630 民商法学A卷1ntMPTZ7 08-15中大考研：631 诉讼法学A卷1jGiu3Ls 08-15中大考研：632 经济法学A卷1mgxj22W 08-15中大考研：633 环境与资源保护法学A卷1c0FaMbQ 08-15中大考研：648 视觉传播学1ntxh0WL 08-15中大考研：649 信息管理基础1mgAaJqS 08-15中大考研：660 马克思主义基本原理1o6OjKRw 08-15中大考研：661 心理学研究方法1pJP3D1L 08-15中大考研：663岩石学1bnns2Of08-15中大考研：666 药分综合1ntuzA9F08-15中大考研：667药理学综合1qWP1BfY08-15中大考研：668 数学分析14VzWi 08-15中大考研：675 区域分析与规划1qcsIa 08-15中大考研：802 管理经济学与管理学1dD4Prxv 08-15中大考研：803民间文学概论1ntmsg2l 08-15中大考研：805 汉语语言学基础1eQvZJV0 08-15中大考研：806 古汉语与古文字1i3AMNxb 08-15中大考研：807 中国古代文学与批评1dDdKVYh 08-15中大考研：808 中国现当代文学1jGGk0Ea 08-15中大考研：809 世界文学1kTH4sEb 08-15中大考研：812 马克思主义哲学1sj0xedn 08-15中大考研：813 中国哲学史1eQeyRf0 08-15中大考研：814 逻辑学概论1dD0fBEx 08-15中大考研：815 伦理学基本知识1eQ75gzw 08-15中大考研：817 宗教理论1bnCuVJT08-15中大考研：818 科学哲学1i3H8uUx 08-15中大考研：819 法学理论B卷1dDhOHRN 08-15中大考研：820 法律史B卷1gdB6PA7 08-15中大考研：821 宪法与行政法学B卷1sjFqnvB 08-15中大考研：822 刑法学B卷1jWGoe 08-15中大考研：823 民商法学B卷1sjPzAFj 08-15中大考研：824 诉讼法学B卷1eQ31wQm 08-15中大考研：825 经济法学B卷1kTpdXS7 08-15中大考研：826 环境与资源保护法学B卷1bnqGnQB 08-15中大考研：832运筹学与管理信息系统1mg9uJmo 08-15中大考研：842 设计学1c02j6Cw 08-15中大考研：843 信息资源组织1i3ha9Sx08-15中大考研：854 专业综合基础1eQvtOo608-15中大考研：855 普通心理学1kTgW5Qf08-15中大考研：858普通物理1pJOhK19 08-15中大考研：859光学1hq2bxas 08-15中大考研：860 材料化学1dDwHOEd08-15中大考研：861 材料物理1jGrNUDK 08-15中大考研：862 微机原理与应用1gdEUCnD 08-15中大考研：863 固体物理1mgEe1za 08-15中大考研：865 电子技术（数字和模拟）1pJGGm5H 08-15中大考研：867 化工原理1i3yB5hb08-15中大考研：877 高等代数1jGB0I5S08-15中大考研：881 地理学基础1qW9SAao 08-15中大考研：882 人文地理学理论与方法1i3eYHyH 08-15中大考研：883 遥感与地理信息系统1ntJ2hz7 08-15中大考研：887 环境学导论1hUMCY08-15中大考研：888 环境工程导论1jG6bduI 08-15中大考研：889 环境评价1jGxn6Qi08-15中大考研：901 旅游学概论1pJxJtgR09-15中大考研：683 国际关系史1o6oXWyY09-15中大考研：919 国际政治学1kT5YX2f10-15中大考研：211 翻译硕士英语1yjQwe10-15中大考研：331社会工作原理1sjQL3Jn10-15中大考研：357 英语翻译基础1i3COFQ110-15中大考研：437社会工作实务1eQJaybS 10-15中大考研：448 汉语写作与百科知识1qW7kJXa 10-15中大考研：902 经济学（含微观和宏观经济学）1eQ4NocU 10-15中大考研：903 管理学（B）1dRgzs10-15中大考研：904 海洋学导论1pJBq49l 11-15：431金融综合1eQ96TCu 11-15中大考研：348 文博综合1pJ9UADH11-15中大考研：432统计学1jGGQxAe 11-15中大考研：864 反应堆物理1c0GwF0811-15中大考研：871地球科学概论1pJKJXEF13，15中大考研：905 自然地理学1ntBuDDZ13-15年中大：856 程序设计基础1kTlGoBl13-15中大考研：676 分析化学1sj9k5zR13-15中大考研：678 普通地质学1dDHG7vF13-15中大考研：906 环境科学1dDno1WX13-15中大考研：908 岩石学（A）1gds9Wo7 14-15中大考研：434国际商务专业基础1pJ44VzX14-15中大考研：677 海洋化学1dDvvOS5 14-15中大考研：907 海洋生态学1bjnRo 15年中大考研：新闻传播专硕1gdJEtk3 241 英语1eQGsCtO242 俄语1c02P2zm243 日语1qWmSab6244 法语1gdtVQYR245 德语1jGzV0pC 246 西班牙语1mgy5xhe 247 韩语1dDuFTkt 248 阿拉伯语1ntkWoGT651 综合英语1eQzxBqy 804 文学理论（含中西文论）1nt7WOIH 846 英语写作与百科知识1kTxR2a7 06-15年801宏微观经济学1hqInvvA 06-15年801宏微观经济学1hqInvvA 07-15：619历史学基础1mgN4NHI 07-15：619历史学基础1mgN4NHI08-15：664生物化学1gd5yfab08-15：664生物化学1gd5yfab 08-15：672药学综合（A）1c0GtArY 08-15：672药学综合（A）1c0GtArY 08-15：833微观经济学与管理学：1mgCF4Ek 08-15：833微观经济学与管理学：1mgCF4Ek 08-15：873细胞生物学1jGy6wHS 08-15：873细胞生物学1jGy6wHS 08-15：878信号与系统1qWtA4dm 08-15：878信号与系统1qWtA4dm11-15：431金融综合1gdrQTqj11-15：431金融综合1gdrQTqj 08-15：634 国际法学A卷1bnprr7x 08-15：634 国际法学A卷1bnprr7x 08-15：827 国际法学B卷1mgraS4o 637公共管理学1i3vQHiX 830公共管理研究方法1jGzm0Wu 354 汉语基础1mg1Qn3q 445 汉语国际教育基础1dDyMtCP 08-15：662化学（A）1kTgT50F 08-15：866化学（B）1c0fLS9E646新闻传播学基础1gdvoMrh 839新闻实务1qWNwNso1988-2015年：306西医综合考研真题及答案解析1ntqvU6P2007-2015年311教育学专业基础综合真题集1ntrd3YD 08-15年:679 基础医学综合1jGxp9oa08-15年: 916病理生理学1sjzJjEt09-15年：308护理综合1qWmUn0o09-14年：计算机专业基础综合真题 + 15年大纲1jGky9eA 11-15年：349药学综合考研真题1mgCLknu08-15年：语音学概论B考研真题1sj7RwqL08-15年：641基础日语考研真题1c0rwOEW 14-15年：918 专业基础（数据结构）1kTyAkFt08-15年：883工程热力学考研真题1eQhPBBs文章摘自鸿儒中大考研网。
2015年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingV ocabulary1．In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became______at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.A．she was the first woman to conductB．the first woman conductorC．the woman was first conductingD．the woman conducts first正确答案：B解析：句意：1976年Sarah Caldwell成为第一个在纽约大都会歌剧院演出的女性指挥家。
句内缺少宾语，但A，C都不能作宾语，而D的语序不对，因此正确答案为B。
2．When______to dough and heated, carbon dioxide is released, causing the dough to rise.A．is added baking powderB．added baking powder isC．is baking powder addedD．baking powder is added正确答案：D解析：句意：当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候，会释放出二氧化碳，使得面团涨开。
when引导状语从句，语序应该为正常语序，因而A，C错误；B 项语序混乱。
这里明显应该用被动形式，而且有固定结构add to，所以应该选D。
3．Bubbles, flaws, and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass, ______the glass sparkle.A．which makingB．and makingC．makingD．to making正确答案：C解析：句意：气泡、裂纹和其他的不规则情况会使光线穿过受损的玻璃时发散开，使得玻璃闪闪发光。
中山大学2015年翻译硕士MTI真题-英语翻译基础及答案
I. Phrase Translation1.寻租行为: rent-seeking (behavior)2.全国人民代表: the National People's Congress3.标普500指数：S&P 500，Standard & Poor's 500 index4.知青：Educated youth5.蓝筹股：blue chip （stock）6. “苍蝇” “老虎” 一起打：cracking down on both tigers and flies；To tackle corruption, the Party must crack down on the “flies” at the bottom and the “tigers” higher up.7.需求曲线: demand curve8.紧缩政策: deflation policy9.哥本哈根计划：Copenhagen Accord （《哥本哈根协议》主要是就各国二氧化碳的排放量问题，签署协议，根据各国的GDP大小减少二氧化碳的排放量。
）10.海上丝绸之路：Maritime Silk Road11.金砖五国：BRICS，（Brazil、Russia、India and China）12.附加费: surcharge13.出口配额: export quotas14.东南亚国家联盟: the Association of Southeast Asian Nation15.增值税: value-added tax1.IPO: 首次公开募股（Initial Public Offerings）2. Muslim Brotherhood: 穆斯林兄弟会3. OTC Drug: 非处方药（Over-The-Counter Drug）4. Universal Suffrage: 普选，普选权5. Hedge Fund: 对冲基金6. Bilateralism: 双边主义7. Air Force One: 空军一号（美国总统的专用座机）8. CPI: 居民消费价格指数Consumer Price Index9. Kyoto Protocol: 京都议定书10. Air Defense Identification Zone: 防空识别区11. Occupy Central: 占领中环12. Liaison Office: 联络处；联络办公室13. Implicit Cost: 隐性成本14. Heal a Breach: 消除分歧15. Oil-for-Food: 石油换食品PART II TRANSLATION [120 MIN] (2x60=120 POINTS)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [60 MIN]Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.主席先生：2000年以来，联合国确立的千年发展目标，为实现人类生存和发展作出了重要贡献，然而全球发展道路依然漫长。
2015考研英语真题及答案完整版
2015考研英语真题及答案完整版[注意：以下正文仅为演示文章格式，并非真实的2015考研英语真题及答案]一、阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.At any given moment, you are aware of a zillion sensations—anything from the tightness of your shoes to the sound of an approaching bicycle bell. But your conscious mind notices only a fraction of what is going on. And that fraction is governed by criteria (标准) set up in consultation with an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system, which links to our emotions and our “gut feelings”.Those criteria assign priorities to sensory (感觉的) inputs. Hence you are aware of the nonstop assault on your eyes or your ears only when this input meets the criteria. The criteria change from person to person. If two people are walking in the countryside, one may notice the wildflowers, the other a military aircraft at 20,000 feet. When two photographers stand side by side, one may see a dramatic picture; the other a pile of stones.The differences are typically due not to differences in eyesight but to the ways the two photographers have programmed their minds to respond. I amnot talking about anything extraordinary or mystical (神秘的). Both brain researchers and police have noted that a very simple set of cues (暗示) can powerfully alter the selection of stimuli (刺激), determining what will be noticed—even in a highly emotional state like a fight. I once sat in on a training course for police officers who were being taught to shoot—make that taught how to shoot under stress. One of the most important lessons was that under duress (被迫), under time pressure, the brain reverts (回归) back to what it is most accustomed to. That is, in spite of long training and many repetitions, an officer will shoot in combat (格斗) the way he has always shot. If he brings no conscious control to bear on the selection of stimuli, the selection will be made by unconscious programs, resulting in a misidentification of the threatening object and the wrong action. The old rice-shooting Chinese soldier uses what he has always used—an eraser (橡皮擦) suddenly perceived as a grenade.1. The word “criteria” (in Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ______.A. emergenciesB. preferencesC. abilitiesD. emotions2. According to the passage, the fraction of what you are aware of is determined by ______.A. your gut feelingsB. your emotionsC. the military aircraftD. the nonstop assault3. As used in Paragraph 1, the word “assault” most probably means______.A. surprise attackB. forceful entryC. intense impactD. constant bombardment4. The passage suggests that the criteria determining what stimuli will be noticed may be influenced by ______.A. photographers’ eyesightB. the military aircraftC. the police training courseD. unconscious programs5. The passage gives an example where the brain’s selection of stimuli ina dangerous situation caused a police officer to ______.A. feel a strong emotionB. correctly identify a criminalC. take inappropriate actionD. learn a lesson about photographyPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.I once worked with a person who spent money generously (大方地) as soon as it came to him. He’d buy a new motorbike or a stereo system if he had money left in his bank account at the end of the month. “Why not?” he’d say cheerfully, “Money is for spending.” And so I’d get temporary delight for six months until my Chinese bank account ran dry.In researching our book, Happy Money, my coauthor Michael Norton and I set out to show how to get the most happiness for your dollar. We spent years reviewing the scientific literature on spending. What we found explains my coworker’s behavior. The very riches that most countries strive for are not making their citizens happier.A famous psychology study conducted in 1978 asked a group of people with spinal-cord injuries and a group of people without them about how happy they were, and how happy they expected to be in the future. The results surprised them: those with spinal-cord injuries expected to be less happy than they were, and those without them expected to be more happy than they were. The truth is that we have within us the capacity to adapt to our sights and our losses and to keep pursuing happiness.One in four lottery winners in Florida ends up bankrupt (破产)。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. 多边合作：multilateral cooperation2. 可持续发展：sustainable development3. 试行阶段：pilot phase4. 应急计划: contingency plan5. 污水处理: sewage treatment6. 全球变暖: global warming7. 新闻发布会: press conference; news briefing8. 市场占有率: share of market; market share9. 研发中心: RD center ( research and development center )10. 跨国犯罪: transnational crime11. 企业文化: enterprise culture ; corporate culture12. 八国峰会: G8 summit ; Group 8 Summit13. 数字鸿沟: digital divide14. 危害品贩运: drug trafficking15. 国有企业: state-owned enterprise16. brand loyalty: 品牌忠诚度17. corporate governance: 公司治理;企业管治18. corporate social responsibility: 企业社会责任19. proliferation of weapons of mass destruction: 大规模杀伤性武器扩散20. global sourcing: 全球采购21. HSBC: 汇丰银行(Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation)22. carbon trading: 碳交易;碳贸易23. deforestation: 滥伐森林; 森林砍伐; 滥砍滥伐24. due diligence: 尽职调查25. code of conduct: 行为准则;行为规范26, market positioning: 市场定位27. cradle of human civilization: 人类文明发源地28. anti-dumping measures: 反倾销措施29. time to market: 上市时间; 上市时机(一个新产品从构思到实际推入市场所用的时间)30. alternative energy: 替代能源;可替代能源II. Passage translationSection A Chinese to English广交会品牌展区是鼓励和引导企业转变外贸发展方式的重要示范平台。
2015年中山大学翻译学院翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷.doc
2015年中山大学翻译学院翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：54.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.《弟子规》原名《训蒙文》，为清朝康熙年鉴秀才李毓秀所做。
其内容采用( )第六条：“弟子入则孝，出则弟，谨而信，泛爱众，而亲仁，行有余力，则以学文。
”的文义以三字一句，两句一韵编撰而成，分为五个部分加以演述；具体列举出为人子弟在家、出外、接人待物、求学应有的礼仪与规范，特别讲求家庭教育与生活教育。
（分数：2.00）A.《论语.为政篇》B.《论语.雍也篇》C.《论语.子罕篇》D.《论语.学而篇》2.“克己复礼为仁，一日克己复礼，天下归人焉”“非礼勿视，非礼勿听，非礼勿言，非礼勿动”“己所不欲，勿施于人”“死生有命，富贵在天”“四海之内，皆兄弟也”“君子成人之美，不成人之恶”以上引语皆出自《论语》( )。
（分数：2.00）A.里仁篇B.泰伯篇C.颜渊篇D.子路篇3.《三字经》中“融四岁，能让梨”，融是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.建安七子之一B.竹林七贤之一C.唐宋八大家之一D.东汉四才子之一4.《陈涉世家》为司马迁所著《史记》中的一篇，是秦末农民起义领袖陈胜、吴广的传记。
公元前209年，以陈胜、吴广为首的戍卒九百人在大泽乡(今安徽宿州东南)举行了中国历史上第一次大规模的农民起义，揭开了反对秦王朝残暴统治的序幕。
“世家”是给( )做的传。
（分数：2.00）A.帝王B.王侯C.重臣D.将士5.苏格兰位于大不列颠岛北部，英格兰之北，以格子花纹，风笛音乐，畜牧业与威士忌而闻名。
2011年5月，主张维持统一的工党在苏格兰地方选举中败给苏格兰民族党，这使得一些苏格兰人又萌生了独立的念头。
2014年9月18日，按照苏格兰政府分布的《苏格兰的未来：苏格兰独立指南》白皮书，苏格兰举行了全民公投。
最终，约55％的选民投了反对独立的票。
因此，英国仍将保持统一。
以下( )作家的作品主要以苏格兰为创作背景。
2015年翻译硕士考研真题,考研资料,考研招生人数
翻译硕士考研指导关于翻译硕士考研院校选择：写在前面的话：近年来由于个别案例被放大，导致在择校问题上有不少误传，比如只能报考第一批次，只能报考211、985高校，再比如这个专业学费高昂，等等。
这些，我们手上是有几乎全部院校的数据的，在此举几个简单的例子就足以说明问题：首先，批次只代表开设时间长短，没有其他特殊含义，比如西南大学是第一批开设的，川外却是第二批，国际关系学院更是第三批才开放。
第二，针对211、985，参评的多数都是理工类院校，比如MTI招生校中的华南理工，但MTI 毕竟是个语言类专业，一些非常不错的，比如北语比如广外，既不是211也不是985。
教学评估也是一样的道理，上海对外贸易大学，不知道有多少人听说过？不是211，不是985，强项是外语文学法学等专业，教学评估排行也就30名的样子，但是你知不知道世贸组织全球14个教席大学里，咱们国家唯一入选的就是它了？再比如，你知不知道复旦的教学评估居然是全国最后一名？各种原因，不足为外人道也。
总之：名校虽好，但是更多的代表的是一种科研能力，于语言这种重在应用的学科没有太多的含义。
再次，关于学费的问题，这个要考虑学校的资源，建设的成本等问题，比如13年北语的学费是9千，外语相对较弱的北林却是1万5，这就是新开专业建设成本较高导致的，而同样优秀的广外，学费也是上完，这就是资源成本了，每年的广交会的翻译基本都是广外承担的，学校让学生去历练，其实是淡了很大的风险的。
____________________________________________________________北京师范大学1-庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20022-叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。
北京：清华大学出版社，20013-张汉熙，《高级英语》（修订本）第1、2册。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，19954-张卫平，《英语报刊选读》。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20055-张岱年，《中国文化概论》。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案(四)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案（四）中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. credit rating：信用评级2. market access：市场准入3. disaster relief：赈灾;灾难援助4. insurance policy：保险单，保单5. deficit spending：赤字开支6. landfill gas：堆填区沼气7. small and medium Enterprises (SMEs)：中小企业8. energy conservation;节约能源;节能9. subprime mortgage crisis：次贷危机;美国次贷危机10. methanol-fueled cars：甲醇汽车11. news briefing：新闻发布会12. a level playing field：公平竞争的环境13. defense budget：国防预算14. nuclear plant：核电厂;核电站15. administrative transparency：政务透明;政务信息透明度16.粮食安全：food security17.弱势群体：disadvantaged groups; vulnerable groups; the disadvantaged18.三农问题：issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers; issues of agriculture,farmer and rural area19.医疗改革：health care reform20.小微企业”〔小型、微型企业)：small and micro businesses21.税级：tax bracket22.救助基金：rescue fund;bailout fund23.养老保险：endowment insurance24.积极的财政政策：a proactive fiscal policy25.农村留守人口：rural left-behind population26.防腐剂：preservative ; aseptic27.调控房价：housing prices control28.最低生活标准：minimum living standard;29.人均收入：per capita income ; average per capita income30.城乡差距：urban-rural gap ; rural-urban disparityII. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseMan, viewed morally, is a strange amalgam of angel and devil. He can feel the splendor of the night, the delicate beauty of spring flowers, the tender emotion of parental love, and the intoxication of intellectual understanding. In moments of insight visions come to him of how life should be lived and how men should order their dealings one with another. Universal love is an emotion which many have felt and which many more could feel if the world made it less difficult.This is one side of the picture. On the other side are Cruelty, greed, indifference and over-Weening pride. In pursuit of political aims men will submit their opponents to long years of unspeakable anguish. We know What the Nazis did to Jews at Auschwitz. In mass cruelty, the expulsions of Germans ordered by the Russians fall not very far short of the atrocities perpetuated by the Nazis. And how about our noble selves?We would not do such deeds, oh no! But we enjoy our juicy steaks and our hot rolls While German children die of hunger because our governments dare not face our indignation if they asked us to forgo some part of our pleasures. lf these were a Last Judgment asChristians believe, how do you think our excuses would sound before that final tribunal?Section B Chinese to English香港虽为弹丸之地，但却是七百多万市民的安居之所。
2015年硕士英语考试真题及答案
2015年硕士英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12015年硕士英语考试真题及答案Part I Reading Comprehension (40%) (40 Points)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.In the United States, increasing fuel efficiency used to be seen as a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on costly foreign oil. But the collapse of the price of oil has changed the equation. “People pretty commonly think of fuel efficiency as dodging the price bullet,” says Joseph Aldy, a professor of public policy at Harvard Kennedy School. Basically, when the price of oil drops, so does the cost at the pump. Thismakes fuel efficiency less of a priority. Yet, fuel efficiency should still be a consideration.1. According to the passage, what is the main argument for increasing fuel efficiency in the U.S.?A. To reduce greenhouse gas emissionsB. To reduce dependence on costly foreign oilC. To dodge the price bulletD. All of the aboveThe correct answer is D.2. Which of the following best describes the author’s view on the importance of fuel efficiency in light of the drop in oil prices?A. It is no longer necessary to consider fuel efficiency.B. Fuel efficiency is still important.C. The importance of fuel efficiency has drastically increased.D. The author does not express an opinion on the importance of fuel efficiency in light of the drop in oil prices.The correct answer is B.3. According to the passage, what has changed the equation in terms of fuel efficiency?A. The cost at the pump has increased.B. The price of oil has dropped.C. People are driving less.D. All of the aboveThe correct answer is B.4. What is the relationship between fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions in the passage?A. There is no relationship.B. There is a positive relationship.C. There is a negative relationship.D. The relationship is unclear.The correct answer is C.5. What is a major argument against increasing fuel efficiency in the passage?A. The price of oil has dropped.B. People commonly think of fuel efficiency as dodging the price bullet.C. People are driving less.D. All of the aboveThe correct answer is A.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.When it comes to goal setting, many of us tend to only focus on the end result. We set a goal, work towards it, and believe that once we achieve it, we will be happy and fulfilled. However, what research shows is that it’s actua lly the process, not the outcome, that matters most for our happiness.6. Based on the passage, what do many people tend to focus on when setting goals?A. The processB. The end resultC. Achieving happinessD. Believing in oneselfThe correct answer is B.7. Which of the following best describes the author’s view on what matters most for our happiness when it comes to goal setting?A. The end resultB. The processC. Achieving fame and fortuneD. Believing in oneselfThe correct answer is B.8. What does research show is most important for our happiness when setting goals?A. Achieving fame and fortuneB. The processC. The end resultD. Believing in oneselfThe correct answer is B.9. What is the main point the author is trying to make in the passage?A. Achieving goals is not important.B. The process of working towards a goal is more important than the end result.C. Happiness comes from achieving goals.D. Believing in oneself is the key to achieving goals.The correct answer is B.10. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The importance of setting goalsB. Achieving fame and fortuneC. The process of working towards a goalD. Believing in oneselfThe correct answer is C.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.The use of technology in education has long been a topic of debate. While some see it as an essential tool for learning, others believe that it is a distraction that hinders academic progress. One study found that students who use laptops in class score lower on exams than those who take notes by hand. The reasonfor this is that students tend to type verbatim what the professor says, without processing the information.11. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The benefits of using technology in educationB. The drawbacks of using technology in educationC. The importance of taking notes by handD. The impact of technology on academic progressThe correct answer is D.12. What does the passage say about students who use laptops in class?A. They score higher on exams.B. They score lower on exams.C. They process information better.D. They tend to type verbatim what the professor says.The correct answer is B.13. Why do students who use laptops in class score lower on exams, according to the passage?A. They do not listen to the professor.B. They do not take notes.C. They type verbatim what the professor says.D. They process information better.The correct answer is C.14. According to the passage, what is one reason why some believe technology is a distraction in education?A. Students tend to take notes by hand.B. Students type verbatim what the professor says.C. Students do not use technology.D. Students are easily distracted.The correct answer is B.15. What is one argument for using technology in education, according to the passage?A. It is a distraction that hinders academic progress.B. It helps students process information better.C. It decreases exam scores.D. It is not an essential tool for learning.The correct answer is B.Passage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.The Mediterranean diet has long been hailed as one of the healthiest diets in the world. It is characterized by high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and olive oil, as well as moderate consumption of fish and poultry. A recent study found that people who follow the Mediterranean diet have a lower risk of heart disease and cancer.16. What is the Mediterranean diet characterized by, according to the passage?A. High consumption of red meatB. Low consumption of fruits and vegetablesC. High consumption of fish and olive oilD. Moderate consumption of fish and poultryThe correct answer is D.17. What did a recent study find about people who follow the Mediterranean diet?A. They have a higher risk of heart disease and cancer.B. They have a lower risk of heart disease and cancer.C. They have a higher risk of obesity.D. They have a lower risk of diabetes.The correct answer is B.18. Why is the Mediterranean diet considered one of the healthiest diets in the world?A. Because it is high in red meat.B. Because it is low in fruits and vegetables.C. Because it is high in saturated fats.D. Because it includes whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil.The correct answer is D.19. What does the passage say about the consumption of fish and poultry in the Mediterranean diet?A. It is high.B. It is low.C. It is moderate.D. It is non-existent.The correct answer is C.20. What is one benefit of following the Mediterranean diet, according to the passage?A. A higher risk of heart disease and cancerB. A lower risk of heart disease and cancerC. A higher risk of obesityD. A lower risk of diabetesThe correct answer is B.Part II Vocabulary (20%) (20 Points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.In 2009, Catherine and Eric adopted two children from Ethiopia, housing them in a small home _21_ the outskirts of Addis Ababa. They lived in _22_ with no running water, and _23_ as little as a dollar a day. But they were determined to provide a better _24_ for their children, so they began to search for ways to _25_ more children and schools _26_ Ethiopia. They began by writing a heartwarming story about their experiences and _27_ it to various publishers. After numerous rejections, one publisherfinally agreed to _28_ their story. The book became an instant hit, encouraging others to _29_ Catherine and Eric in their mission to help Ethiopian children. Through their story became known across the world, they _30_ to remain humble and true to their values.21. A. inB. onC. atD. toThe correct answer is B.22. A. povertyB. luxuryC. simplicityD. wealthThe correct answer is A.23. A. earnedB. spentC. savedThe correct answer is B.24. A. environmentB. lifeC. futureD. momentThe correct answer is C.25. A. adoptB. educateC. avoidD. ignoreThe correct answer is A.26. A. inB. onC. ofD. forThe correct answer is C.B. submitC. mailD. deliverThe correct answer is B.28. A. refuseB. publishC. declineD. acceptThe correct answer is B.29. A. supportB. questionC. challengeD. confuseThe correct answer is D.30. A. learnB. meanC. decideD. tryThe correct answer is C.Part III Cloze Test (10%)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.In the age of the internet, social media is a key _31_ of communication. It allows people to connect, share information, and stay _32_ with friends and family. However, the rise of social media has also led to concerns about privacy and data security. Many companies _33_ user data to target ads and track user behavior. This has raised _34_ about the ethics of using personal information for commercial gain. Despite these concerns, social media remains a powerful _35_ for individuals and businesses to reach a wide audience.31. A. formB. meansC. methodD. wayThe correct answer is B.32. A. evolvedB. engagedC. entertainedD. informedThe correct answer is D.33. A. sellB. analyzeC. shareD. stealThe correct answer is B.34. A. questionsB. doubtsC. queriesD. issuesThe correct answer is A.35. A. toolB. weaponC. resourceD. deviceThe correct answer is A.Part IV Translation (30%)Direction: Translate the following passage from Chinese into English.在当今世界，科技的发展日新月异。
2015年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．IPO正确答案：首次公开募股(Initial Public Offerings)2．Muslim Brotherhood正确答案：穆斯林兄弟会3．OTC Drug正确答案：非处方药(over—the-counter drug)4．Universal Suffrage正确答案：普选权5．Hedge Fund正确答案：对冲基金6．Bilateralism正确答案：双边主义7．Air Force One正确答案：空军一号8．CPI正确答案：居民消费价格指数(Consumer Price Index)9．Kyoto Protocol正确答案：《京都议定书》10．Air Defense Identification Zone正确答案：防空识别区11．Occupy Central正确答案：占领中环12．Liaison Office正确答案：联络处；联络办公室13．Implicit Cost正确答案：隐性成本14．Heal a Breach正确答案：消除分歧15．Oil-for-Food正确答案：石油换食品汉译英16．寻租行为正确答案：rent-seeking17．全国人民代表大会正确答案：the National People’s Congress18．标普500指数正确答案：Standard&Poor’s 500 index(S&P 500 index) 19．知青正确答案：educated youth20．蓝筹股正确答案：blue chip21．“苍蝇”“老虎”一起打正确答案：targeting both “ tigers” of high rank and lowly “flies”22．需求曲线正确答案：demand curve23．紧缩政策正确答案：deflation policy24．哥本哈根计划正确答案：The Copenhagen Accord(《哥本哈根协议》) 25．海上丝绸之路正确答案：Maritime Silk Road26．金砖五国正确答案：BRICS(Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) 27．附加费正确答案：surcharge28．出口配额正确答案：export quotas29．东南亚国家联盟正确答案：ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations) 30．增值税正确答案：value-added tax英汉互译英译汉31．I’ve never been more aware of the limitations of language than when I try to describe beauty. Language can create its own loveliness, of course, but it cannot deliver to us the radiance we apprehend in the world, any more than a photograph can capture the stunning swiftness of a hawk or the withering power of a supernova. Eva’s wedding album holds only a faint glimmer of the wedding itself. All that pictures or words can do is gesture beyond themselves toward the fleeting glory that stirs our hearts. So I keep gesturing.”All nature is meant to make us think of paradise,”Thomas Merton observed. Because the Creation puts on a nonstop show, beauty is free and inexhaustible, but we need training in order to perceive more than the most obvious kinds. Even 15 billion years or so after the Big Bang, echoes of that event still linger in the form of background radiation, only a few degrees above absolute zero. Just so, I believe , the experience of beauty is an echo of the order and power that permeate the universe. To measure background radiation, we need subtle instruments; to measure beauty, we need alert intelligence and our five keen senses.(Note; supernova 超新星; the Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸; background radiation 背景辐射)正确答案：直到用语言描绘美，我才深感语言的贫乏与无奈。
2015年硕士英语考试真题及答案
2015年硕士英语考试真题及答案全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The 2015 Master's English ExamHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm in the 5th grade. My older brother Mike just took the master's English exam last year to get into a fancy university. It was really hard! He studied like crazy for months. I helped him practice some of the questions and I want to tell you all about the exam he took. It was crazy!The reading section was super long. Mike said there were passages about science, history, literature, you name it! They gave him these massive reading passages, then asked all these tiny detail questions to see if he actually read and understood everything. Some of the questions were easy, like "What color was the bird mentioned in paragraph 3?" But others were really hard. They'd ask him to infer things that weren't directly stated, or analyze the author's tone and attitude. Yikes!My favorite part was the vocabulary questions. They'd give Mike these super advanced vocabulary words, like "quintessential" or "ubiquitous." Then they'd ask him to choosethe right definition from a list of possibilities. Sometimes they wanted him to fill in the blank of a sentence with the correct word too. Vocabulary is my strongest subject so I thought those questions were kind of fun!Then there was the writing section. Mike had to write two essays, one analyzing an argument and one taking a position on an issue. The argument analysis made him read through a long persuasive passage full of evidence and examples. Then he had to pick apart the argument, discussing things like the assumptions, logic, evidence, and counterarguments. It reminded me of that critical thinking unit we did in class. For the issue essay, Mike had to take a stance on a controversial topic and build a solid case supporting his viewpoint using reasoning and examples. His topic was something about international trade policies. I'm glad I didn't have to write about that!But by far the hardest section for Mike was the speaking. He had to actually talk out loud and record his responses! For some questions, he saw a paragraph and had to read it aloud clearly and with good pronunciation. Easy for a reading superstar like me, but Mike always struggled with that. Then they showed him a graphic like a chart or diagram, and he had to describe it in detail just from memory. The final speaking task was wild - Mikehad to choose between two противоположные мнения and defend одно из них как аргумент, backing it up with specific examples and reasoning spontaneously. No notes, no preparation, just free-flowing speech! I don't know how he pulled that one off.When Mike finally finished the whole exam, he was exhausted. But he felt pretty good about it overall. We're still waiting to hear if he got accepted to that fancy school. I sure hope so after all that hard work! As for me, I'm staying far away from anything called a "master's exam" until I'm much, much older. Third grade reading and math is hard enough! Let me know if you want to see Mike's actual exam with the reading passages and question prompts. I managed to...borrow...his test booklet after he was done. But shhh, don't tell anyone! An elementary school super-spy has to keep some secrets.篇22015 Master's English Exam - The Whole Truth From a KidHey guys! You'll never believe what happened to me last week. My big sister Emily is in grad school studying to be an English teacher. She had to take this huge exam called the Master's English exam. It's supposed to be really hard with allthese reading passages, essays to write, and grammar questions. Emily was stressing out big time!The night before the exam, she was up late cramming all the practice tests and study guides. I felt bad for her so I snuck into her room with some warm milk and cookies to help her relax. That's when I saw her exam materials just sitting there on her desk! My curiosity got the better of me and I took a peek.Well, one peek turned into reading the whole thing cover to cover. I couldn't help myself! The passages were actually kind of interesting. There was one about the history of computers that talked about these huge ancient machines that took up entire rooms. Can you imagine?! And another one discussed barriers that women faced in becoming scientists back in the 1800s. It was just fascinating stuff.The grammar questions weren't too tricky either. Identifying verb tenses, fixing run-on sentences, spotting misplaced modifiers - that's child's play compared to the games me and my friends come up with at recess. We ought to be teaching the grammar lessons!As for the essay prompts, I got the urge to just start writing. One prompt asked you to discuss an obstacle you overcame and how it changed your perspective. I wrote a killer essay about thetime I fell off the monkey bars and broke my arm, but refused to cry because crying is for babies. Taking the tough route built my inner strength and bravery that day. The graders would have eaten that essay up, I'm telling you!Another prompt wanted you to analyze the importance of preserving cultural traditions in an increasingly globalized world. Hello, my family is Indian and we go all out for Diwali every year!I had so many rich examples about the beautiful clothing, bright lights, amazing food, and most importantly the bonding between generations as we celebrate together. Nailed it!By the end, I had the whole exam completed - every single reading passage, grammar question, and essay outlined and ready to rock. I just had to see if my stellar work would get a passing score.Using Emily's scoring guide, I graded my exam...drumroll please...and I got an A+ Obviously my sister didn't need to stress so much. I slid the test back onto her desk, grinning at my secret accomplishment.The next day after Emily's exam, she came home looking defeated. I asked how it went and she said, "Let's just say you won't be calling me 'Master' Emily anytime soon. That thing was BRUTAL!" I just smiled, nodded, and offered her a couple of myfamous homemade chocolate chip cookies to make her feel better.Little does she know her dummy little brother just crushed the test behind her back! Hah, I should have been the one to get the Master's degree. But don't worry, I'll let Emily believe she actually earned that thing...for now. The secret's safe with me.篇32015 Master's English Exam: A Kid's ViewHi everyone! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. My big sister Katie is studying to become a master at the university. Last year, she had to take this crazy hard test called the Master's English Exam. It was full of really tough questions that even made my parents scratch their heads! But Katie studied super duper hard and she rocked that test. Let me tell you all about it!The Reading SectionThe first part was all about reading. There were some long, boring passages to read. I probably would have fallen asleep halfway through! But not my sis. She's a reading master. One passage was about the history of zipline tours. Who even cares about that? There were questions like "According to the passage,what was the main reason ziplines became popular in Costa Rica?" I'd be like "Uhhh, because people thought it would be fun to fly through the air while attached to a cable?"Another reading had to do with changes in urban planning over the years. Unfortunately, I can't remember much else, because my mind wandered to thinking about my Pokemon cards. Sorry! The questions were sick hard though. Things like "Which of the following statements from the passage best describes the author's main claim?" I'd just pick C for all of those.The Writing SectionThen came the writing part, which was a million times worse in my opinion. Katie had to write a whole essay about whether broadcasters should be allowed to use offensive language on television. Writing is like my worst nightmare! She had to take a stance, provide examples, consider different perspectives, and structure her thoughts logically. No thanks!There was also a second writing task where Katie summarized the key points made in a lecture and reading passage. The lecture was about environmental policies and climate change. I can't imagine anything more mind-numbing than listening to a long lecture and trying to write a nice summary. Just thinking about it makes me want to take a nap!The Speaking SectionIf you thought those sections were hard, hold onto your hats for the speaking part! Katie had to give spoken responses to a bunch of questions, all while being recorded. The first question was an opinion one, where she had to explain her views on whether internships should be paid or unpaid. I'd just be like "Ummm, paid please! Money is awesome!"Then she had to look at a picture and describe it in as much detail as possible, like the colors, shapes, what the people were doing, stuff like that. For one of them she had to describe a graph tracking enrollment numbers over time. Sheesh, I'm already sweating just thinking about doing all that speaking!The final speaking task was totally bonkers. Katie read a passage about new technologies in public transportation. Then she had to summarize the key points, and give her opinion on the author's views, all in a tight time limit. If it was me, I'd probably say something like "Yeah public transportation is cool I guess. Except for buses because they're smelly and have chewing gum all over them. Did I summarize it good?"The Listening SectionPhew, those first three sections sound impossible, right? Well, there was still the mega difficult listening part to go! Katie had to listen to recordings of conversations and lectures, then answer comprehension questions about the main points, opinions stated, and implied meanings.For one of the conversations, it took place between a student and university advisor. They talked about things like changing majors and fulfilling requirements. If you asked me what it was about, I'd probably just respond "Umm...school stuff?" The questions were nuts like "What was the student's primary reason for making the appointment?" No clue! I'd just pick C again.Another listening passage was a lecture from an archeology professor about some recent excavation in Egypt. It covered all these dates, places, and ancient civilizations that I can't even pronounce. The questions asked specific details that I never could have caught, like the names of the artifacts discovered. I'd be completely lost!The Integrated TasksAs if those reading, writing, speaking, and listening sections weren't hard enough, there were also combined tasks that Katie had to do. For example, read a passage about urban planningstrategies, listen to a lecture discussing the same topic, then write a essay contrasting the key points made in each. Could you imagine?!For another integrated task, she read a passage about the environmental impact of air travel. Then she listened to two students discussing the reading. Afterwards, Katie summarized the gist of the conversation including their perspectives in her own words. I can't even summarize the plot of a 22 minute cartoon show!The AnswersNow let me briefly go over some of the answers Katie came up with for the test. Obviously I can't reveal them all or that would be cheating. But here's a little peek:For the writing essay about offensive language on TV, Katie argued that while free speech is important, broadcasters have a responsibility to avoid excessive profanity and hate speech that could be disturbing or offensive to viewers.For the unpaid internships speaking question, she said she believes internships should be paid positions, at least minimum wage. She gave examples of how unpaid work could be exploitative, especially for students without financial support.Katie's summary for the public transportation lecture emphasized how new technologies like smartphone apps and automated systems were making public transit easier and more efficient in many urban areas.In her contrast essay for the integrated task, Katie analyzed the differing perspectives in the reading and lecture regarding challenges and strategies for urban development and renewal.See what I mean? This master's exam was absolutely insane! I'm getting tired just talking about it. Katie is seriously a genius for doing so well.That's all I've got to share about my big sis' crazy experience with the 2015 Master's English Exam. I don't know how she kept her cool through all those intense tasks. If you happened to take that exam too, let me know how you did! And try not to brag too much if you killed it - some of us are still working on reading and writing at an 8-year-old level. Catch you later!篇42015 Master's English Exam Question and Answer (Kid's Voice)Hi there! My name is Timmy and I'm gonna tell you all about this crazy test I took last year. It was called the "Master's English Exam" but I'm only 10 years old, so I don't know why they let me take a grown-up test like that. But anyway, here's what happened!The test had four sections - listening, reading, writing, and speaking. I was pretty nervous for the listening part because sometimes I zone out when people talk for too long. But it wasn't too bad! They just played some audio clips about random topics like how ice cream is made or why dogs chase cats. After each clip, they asked a few questions to see if you understood the main ideas. Easy peasy!Then we had to do the reading section. This was the hardest part for me because the passages were sooooo long and boring. Like, who wants to read a giant essay about the history of paper clips? Not this kid! The questions were okay though. They just asked stuff like "what was the main idea?" and "which of the following is NOT mentioned?" As long as you didn't fall asleep while reading, you could probably get through it.Next up was the writing section, which was actually kind of fun! The prompt was "Describe your favorite place to visit and why you like it." I wrote all about my grandma's house becauseshe has a huge backyard with a treehouse and a stream where I can catch frogs and tadpoles. I worked really hard on my grammar and vocabulary too, throwing in great words like "beckon" and "serenity." Hopefully I impressed those test graders!The very last part was the speaking section, which was a little strange. You had to go into this tiny room alone with a recording device and answer some opinion questions that popped up on the computer. One of them was "Some people think kids should not have to go to school in the summer. How would you respond to this view?" I basically just rambled about how summer break is awesome because you can sleep in late and play video games all day. Not sure if that's what they wanted to hear, but at least I got some good practice speaking English!Well, that's pretty much all the details I can remember about that brutal Master's English Exam. Taking a test meant for grown-ups was no joke, let me tell you! My poor little kid brain was fried by the end of it. I'm just hoping I did okay so I can go to a good college one day. Although honestly, being a professional video game player sounds way more fun. A boy can dream, right?Anyway, let me know if you have any other questions! I'll do my best to use proper English and big vocabulary words instead of just saying things like "That test was super duper hard!" Oh wait, I guess I just did that. Oops! Better luck next time, Timmy.篇52015 Master's English Exam - A Kid's TellingHi there! My name is Sophie and I'm 10 years old. My big sister Jessica just took the crazy hard master's English exam last year in 2015. She's really smart but even she said it was super difficult. I helped her study for it though, and I got to see a lot of the practice questions and stuff. Let me tell you all about that big important test!First off, the reading section was no joke. There were these massively long passages about history, science, literature, you name it. And the questions were really tricky too. Like one might ask what the main idea of paragraph 5 was, but that paragraph didn't really have one main point - it was talking about a bunch of different things! Jessica had to read very carefully to pick up on all the details.Then there were the vocab questions testing if you knew the precise meaning and usage of crazy advanced words like"proclivity" or "sanguine." I had no clue what those meant, but thank goodness Jessica already knew all that stuff from years of reading. The questions would give you a sentence with the word blanked out, and you'd have to figure out which definition fit best in that context. So not just vocab memorization - you had to do a lot of critical thinking too.Then we get to the writing section, which was in two parts: first an essay prompt, and then revising a rough draft of an argument essay. For the essay, you had to write a whole persuasive essay in like 45 minutes! The prompts could be about anything from technology to education to the environment. You had to take a clear stance, use solid examples and reasoning, organize it all logically, and have flawless grammar too. Talk about pressure!As for revising that argument essay draft - boy, was that a nightmare. The draft would have all kinds of silly mistakes, repetition, lack of clear flow, you name it. And you'd have to go through and answer multiple choice questions about how to correct each individual error and improve the whole thing. It really tested your eye for detail and ability to communicate ideas effectively in writing.Finally, the speaking section literally had me sweating! You had to go in a soundproof room, put on headphones, and then a recording would give you prompts to speak about for 60 seconds at a time. The test graders were literally evaluating your pronunciation, grammar, vocab usage, fluency, everything!Some prompts asked you to explain a personal preference, like your favorite book. Others were more academic, like having to summarize the core ideas from a short lecture you heard through the headphones. Or you might have to take a stance and present a persuasive argument about some controversial issue. No time for "umms" or "uhhs" - you had to just go with clear, natural speech from the get-go.I was amazed at how poised and well-spoken Jessica was during all her practice tests. Me, I would've been a babbling mess for sure! She put in so much hard work though, going through practice materials, taking tons of mock tests, getting feedback from tutors, and drilling her English skills over and over again.When exam day came, she was ready. She emerged from that 4-hour test a warrior! Maybe a very mentally drained and slightly traumatized warrior...but she made it through in one piece at least.A few months later, Jessica's scores came back and she totally aced it! All that intense preparation really paid off for her. Her speaking and writing were extremely strong, and she did well on the other sections too despite how tough they were. She's now doing her master's program at a top university.As for me, I still have about 8 more years before I'll be taking any crazy English exams like that! But I got great practice helping Jessica get ready, and I have a much better idea of what to expect. I just hope my exam days won't be quite as intense as what she went through. Wish me luck - I've got to go study now before Ms. Wilson's spelling test tomorrow! Bye!篇62015 Master's English Exam Questions and AnswersHi everyone! My name is Timmy and I'm 10 years old. I just took the 2015 Master's English exam last week and boy was it hard! I thought I'd share some of the questions and answers with you in case you want to take it someday too.The first section was listening comprehension. They played these really long conversations and lectures and then asked questions about them after. One was about a student talking to his professor about doing an internship over the summer. I hadto answer things like what the internship was for and where it was located. The answers weren't always obvious from what they said! Another listening was this crazy long lecture on the history of the printing press. I could barely stay awake, let alone remember all the details to answer the questions. Yawn!Next up was reading comprehension. We had to read all these super boring passages and answer questions on the main ideas, writers' purposes, vocabulary in context, that kind of thing. One passage was about the impacts of commercial whaling which was sad but interesting. Another was on the philosophy of Aristotle which went completely over my head. How am I supposed to know what he was talking about? I'm only 10!The writing section was probably the hardest part. First we had to read a short argument about something and then summarize the author's view and respond with our own opinion. The sample I got was about allowing more commercial advertising in schools. Can you believe some schools actually do that?! Then we had to write a full essay from scratch on a general topic, taking a clear position. I wrote mine on why kids should get less homework. Hopefully the grader agrees with me on that one!Lastly, there were sections testing our knowledge of English grammar, vocabulary, and idioms/phrases. We had to identify errors in sentences, define hard vocabulary words, and explain the meanings of idioms like "getting cold feet." English is my first language and even I struggled with some of those obscure words and sayings. Who comes up with this stuff?All in all, it was a really challenging exam. I'm not sure how well I did, but I gave it my best shot. A few weeks from now I'll get my score back and find out if I passed or failed. Wish me luck! If you're thinking of taking this Master's exam yourself, be sure to study hard. It's no walk in the park, that's for sure.Phew, I'm exhausted just recounting all that. Time for a snack break! Thanks for reading, friends. Let me know if you have any other questions!。
2016年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷
2016年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(总分：112.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Is this the museum ______the exhibition was held last month?（分数：2.00）A.where √B.thatC.on whichD.which解析：解析：本题考查定语从句。
题干中主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，可用副词where，又因in the museum词组，可用“介词in＋which”引导地点状语。
[C]项中的介词on用的不对，所以选[A]项，转变成肯定句为：This is the museum where the exhibition was held last month．2.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ______tractors this year as the year before.（分数：2.00）A.as twice manyB.as many twiceC.twice as many √D.twice many as解析：解析：本题考查倍数表达法。
根据选项可知，本题采用的是“…times＋as＋形容词／副词的原级＋as…”结构，tractors是可数名词，用形容词many修饰。
句意为：引进新技术后，工厂今年生产的拖拉机数量是前一年的两倍，故选[C]项。
3.The International Law of the Sea Conference is an attempt ______major difference among countries with conflicting interests.（分数：2.00）A.resolvingB.to resolve √C.having resolvedD.to have resolved解析：解析：本题考查非谓语动词。
2015年翻译硕士考研真题,考研参考书,考研经验
翻译硕士考研指导关于翻译硕士考研院校选择：写在前面的话：近年来由于个别案例被放大，导致在择校问题上有不少误传，比如只能报考第一批次，只能报考211、985高校，再比如这个专业学费高昂，等等。
这些，我们手上是有几乎全部院校的数据的，在此举几个简单的例子就足以说明问题：首先，批次只代表开设时间长短，没有其他特殊含义，比如西南大学是第一批开设的，川外却是第二批，国际关系学院更是第三批才开放。
第二，针对211、985，参评的多数都是理工类院校，比如MTI招生校中的华南理工，但MTI 毕竟是个语言类专业，一些非常不错的，比如北语比如广外，既不是211也不是985。
教学评估也是一样的道理，上海对外贸易大学，不知道有多少人听说过？不是211，不是985，强项是外语文学法学等专业，教学评估排行也就30名的样子，但是你知不知道世贸组织全球14个教席大学里，咱们国家唯一入选的就是它了？再比如，你知不知道复旦的教学评估居然是全国最后一名？各种原因，不足为外人道也。
总之：名校虽好，但是更多的代表的是一种科研能力，于语言这种重在应用的学科没有太多的含义。
再次，关于学费的问题，这个要考虑学校的资源，建设的成本等问题，比如13年北语的学费是9千，外语相对较弱的北林却是1万5，这就是新开专业建设成本较高导致的，而同样优秀的广外，学费也是上完，这就是资源成本了，每年的广交会的翻译基本都是广外承担的，学校让学生去历练，其实是淡了很大的风险的。
____________________________________________________________北京师范大学1-庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20022-叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。
北京：清华大学出版社，20013-张汉熙，《高级英语》（修订本）第1、2册。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，19954-张卫平，《英语报刊选读》。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20055-张岱年，《中国文化概论》。
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2015年中山大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(总分：112.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became______at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.（分数：2.00）A.she was the first woman to conductB.the first woman conductor √C.the woman was first conductingD.the woman conducts first解析：解析：句意：1976年Sarah Caldwell成为第一个在纽约大都会歌剧院演出的女性指挥家。
句内缺少宾语，但A，C都不能作宾语，而D的语序不对，因此正确答案为B。
2.When______to dough and heated, carbon dioxide is released, causing the dough to rise.（分数：2.00）A.is added baking powderB.added baking powder isC.is baking powder addedD.baking powder is added √解析：解析：句意：当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候，会释放出二氧化碳，使得面团涨开。
when引导状语从句，语序应该为正常语序，因而A，C错误；B项语序混乱。
这里明显应该用被动形式，而且有固定结构add to，所以应该选D。
3.Bubbles, flaws, and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass,______the glass sparkle.（分数：2.00）A.which makingB.and makingC.making √D.to making解析：解析：句意：气泡、裂纹和其他的不规则情况会使光线穿过受损的玻璃时发散开，使得玻璃闪闪发光。
空格前的句子结构完整，所以这里选择用分词作状语。
A中which引导非限制性定语从句，句中缺少谓语；B中and作为连接词后面的句子不完整；D项不定式的结构应该是to do。
4.Published in 1957, John Cheevers first novel, The Wapshot Chronicle, earned______the NationalBook Award.（分数：2.00）A.that he hadB.him √C.was hisD.to him解析：解析：句意：John Cheever的第一部小说《丰普肖特纪事》出版于1957年，使他获得了美国国家图书奖。
此处为双宾语结构：sth．earn sb．sth．，类似结构还有gain／win。
5.During the second and third years of life, children gain______over their bodies.（分数：2.00）A.control increasingB.increasing to controlC.control is increasingD.increasing control √解析：解析：句意：在成长的第二年和第三年，孩子们对自己身体的控制能力不断增强。
这里缺少宾语，。
D，所以只能选control修饰名词increasing而且应该是形容词6.With______formal art training and largely self-educated, Anna Mary Moses, known as Grandma Moses, began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventy-eight.（分数：2.00）A.notB.no √C.neitherD.never解析：解析：句意：没有接受过正式的艺术培训并且主要靠自学，被称为“摩西奶奶”的Anna MaryMoses78岁才开始画乡村风光。
with+no修饰名词training，意为“没有受过培训”。
7.At the time of Columbus voyages, Native Americans used an astounding diversity of languages,______the diversity used by Europeans.（分数：2.00）A.the greatest by farB.by far than greaterC.by far the greatestD.greater by far than √解析：解析：句意：在哥伦布航海时代，美洲土著居民使用着令人惊奇的各种各样的语言，远远超过了欧洲人使用的语言种类。
这里出现了两种事物的比较，因此要用比较级，A，C是最高级形式；B语序混乱，正确答案为D。
8.A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness______.（分数：2.00）A.having eatenB.that they are eatenC.are eatenD.when eaten √解析：解析：句意：一些种类的蘑菇若被食用就会导致死亡或重大疾病。
状语从句的省略结构。
省略条件：1．特定的状语从句引导词：although，though，even though，if，when，while，as，whether；2．从句为主系表结构；3．从句主语和主句主语一致。
省略方式：同时省略主语和系动词。
该状语从句完整形式为when they are eaten，因满足以上条件，省略主语和系动词，变为省略结构when eaten，故答案为D。
9.Most of North America receives______some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.（分数：2.00）A.moisture to sustain sufficientB.sufficient moisture to sustain √C.to sustain sufficient moistureD.sufficient to sustain moisture解析：解析：句意：除了干旱和半干旱的西南地区，北美大部分地区能够得到充足的水分来维持某种形式的连续植被覆盖。
题中缺少宾语，正确语序应该为形容词+名词，后接不定式表目的，而A，C，D语序混乱。
10.All the major cities of the United States,______the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulfof Mexico, began as centers of trade.（分数：2.00）A.and to includeB.which includingC.includedD.including √解析：解析：句意：包括大湖区和墨西哥峡谷的美国所有主要城市都是以贸易中心的模式发展起来的。
两个逗号之间是插入语，这里分词作状语，不能使用谓语动词。
．11.The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it______valuable source ofhistory.（分数：2.00）A.and aB.so that aC.a √D.is a解析：解析：句意：民间艺术品对日常生活的描绘使其本身成为了宝贵的历史来源。
本题考查的是make的复合宾语结构，即“make+宾语+名词”。
12.To cope with this problem, we should try to______ourselves______the traditions and customsof other nations.（分数：2.00）A.acquaint...with √B.be acquainted...toC.acquaint...toD.be acquainted...to解析：解析：句意：为了应对这个问题，我们应该努力使自己了解别国的传统文化和风俗习惯。
固定搭配：acquaint sb．with sth．使某人了解某事。
13.The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people______and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.（分数：2.00）A.to purchase their own automobiles √B.their own to purchase automobilesC.to their own purchase automobilesD.own their automobiles to purchase解析：解析：句意：大规模生产方法的引进，使得人们能够买自己的车，并获得了空前的灵活性。
enable sb．todo sth．为固定结构，意为“使某人能做某事”。
14.It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes ______ round shapeinto a teardrop shape.（分数：2.00）A.of the dropB.the drops √C.drop ofD.drops their解析：解析：句意：人们普遍认为重力作用使降落的雨滴从圆形变成了泪滴形。
此句包含由that引导的宾语从句，从句谓语动词changes的宾语不完整，据选项推知需要一个和round shape搭配的表所属关系的词组，B恰好构成所有格形式。
若选A，语序应为the round shape of the drop；C所属关系颠倒；D结构混乱。
15.That customer wanted to return the pens he bought because he said they______easily.（分数：2.00）A.didn write √B.were not writingC.weren writeD.hadn been writing解析：解析：句意：那位顾客想要退掉他买的那些钢笔，因为他说它们不好用。