基于51单片机的电热水器控制系统设计

南京工程学院康尼学院本科毕业设计（论文)

摘要

电热水器作为人们生活中不可或缺的家用电器之一，对我们的生活水平有着重要的影响，常用的热水器主要分为以下三种：燃气式热水器，太阳能热水器以及电热水器。

太阳能热水器虽然有没有污染的优点，但是其使用受到天气与位置的较大限制，加之其不能对温度进行有效控制；燃气热水器虽然不用受到上面的限制，但是人们通常会对其使用过程中的一些危险，如一氧化碳中毒和燃气泄漏的担心，加之其安装过程非常繁琐，也渐渐淡出人们的视线；而电热水器在具有其上优点的同时，其安装十分方便，同时在当今时代，电热水器的各方面的研发已经十分的成熟，安全性也能很好的得到保证。

而随着科技的发展，传统的机械式控制系统一难以满足人们对高生活水平的要求，而在微处理器技术、传感器技术的进一步成熟的现今社会，电热水器开始摒弃传统的机械式的控制方式，转而采用全新的控制方式，，以微处理器为核心，通过传感器测温，然后再通过显示屏显示，辅以友好的人机界面，从而实现热水器的智能使控制方法。

本论文完成的控制系统是利用AT89S52单片机作为控制核心的，然后利用其现有接口外接各种硬件模块，主要有：温度测量电路，实时时钟电路，键盘，看门狗电路，加热开关，LED显示电路。

软件部分主要是为实现系统功能而进行的C语言编程。

本系统为一款智能式电热水器，使用独立键盘输入各种指令，使用DS18B20测量温度，测量温度精度可达到0.01℃，采用一块LCD显示屏显示所需要显示的各种数据，便于用户的操作，通过用户的各种事先指令，对单片机进行操作，达到控制热水器的加热系统的工作状态，基本达到了对热水器的控制的目的。

关键词：单片机；温度测量；DS18B20；LCD显示；抗干扰

ABSTRACT

Electric water heater as an integral part of people's lives in one household, for our standard of living has an important effect, commonly used water heaters can be divided into the following three types: gas-fired water heaters, solar water heaters and electric water heaters.

Although there is no pollution solar water heaters advantages, but its use is more restricted weather and location, together with its temperature can not be effectively controlled; gas water heater, though not subject to the above restrictions, but people often use some of their hazards such as carbon monoxide poisoning and gas leakage concerns, coupled with its installation process is very tedious, and gradually fade out of sight; while on the water heater has its advantages at the same time, its very easy to install, but in the modern era, the electric water heater aspects of the development has been very mature, safety can be well guaranteed.

With the development of technology, the traditional mechanical control system is difficult to meet people on a high living standard, while in microprocessor technology, sensor technology to mature in today's society, electric water heater began to abandon the traditional mechanical control way in favor of a new control method, a microprocessor core, through the sensor temperature, and then through display, complemented by a friendly interface, enabling the water heater intelligent control method.

Completion of this thesis is the use of a control system AT89S52 microcontroller as the control, and then use its existing interface a variety of external hardware modules are: temperature measurement circuit, real time clock circuit, keyboard, watchdog circuit, heating switch, LED display circuits.

Software system for the realization of some of the major functions of the C language for programming.

This system is a smart electric water heaters, using a separate keyboard input various commands, use DS18B20 temperature measurement, temperature measurement accuracy can reach 0.01 ℃, using an LCD display shows the need to display a variety of data, user-friendly operation, advance through various user commands to operate the microcontroller, to control water heater heating system working state, reaches for the water heater control purposes.