8Bunit2知识点梳理+配套双基.doc

八年级第二学期牛津英语知识点梳理及配套练习
Unit 2 Water Talk
重点词组
1. the amount of water 水的数量
2. flow into 流入
3. rise from …从…升起
4. fall as sth. 像…似的下落
5. tap was on 水龙头开着
6. pour into the washbas in 倒入洗漱池里
7. look around 环顾四周
8. sound impatie nt 听起来不耐烦
9. a drop of water 一滴水
10. before that 在那之前
11. enjoy the view 欣赏景色
12. drop …into 把…扔到….
13. speed dow n 快速下滑，跌落
14. clea n up 净化，弄干净
15. a water treatme nt works 自来水厂
16. finish with sth. 用兀，不再需要某人
17. pump …into …把…吸收到…
18. a sewage pla nt 污水处理厂
19. a thorough clea ning 一次彻底的清洁
20. add …to 将…加入…
21. the end of journey 旅程结束
22. wait a minute 等一下
23. liquid gold 液体黄金
24. mea n by …意思是…
25. talk to sb. 和某人谈话
词型转换
1) daily adj.每天的day n.天
2) in crease v.增力口in creasable adj.可增加的
in creas ing adj. 日益增加的(反义)decreasev. 减少
3) impatient adj.不耐烦的impatiently adv.不耐烦地
impatie nee n.急躁（反义）patient adj.耐心的
4) comfortably adv.舒服地comfort v.安乐n.舒适
comfortable adj.舒服的（反义）uncomfortably adv.不舒服地
5) relax v.放松relaxed adj.（人）轻松的
relax ing adj.令人放松的
6) works n. 工厂，作品work n.工作，事业v.工作，干活
7) clea ning n.清洁，打扫clean v.使干净adj.清洁的
8) ordinary adj.普通的ordinarily adv.普通地
manu facturi ng adj.制造的 10) equipment n.设备
equipped adj. 装备的
重要句型
1. She was brushing her teeth and the tap was on
were/was +doing 表示为过去进行时态，强调在过去某一点时间时正在进行的动作。

例句： It was 2 o 'lock and my mother was reading a book.
on adv.表示已连接，处于工作状态中
（反义）off
2. Water was pouring into the washbas in and vanishing dow n the drain, pour into 流入 vanish down 向下消失
3. Turn that tap off
turn sth. off = turn off sth. 动词 + 副词 +sth.= 动词 +sth. + 副词 常见词组： pick up , write dow n, turn on, etc.
4. The voice sounded impatie nt.
sound + adj.听起来 ....... sound 系动词
系动词分类：
1） 表示感官的系统词
look, sou nd, taste, smell, feel,这五个动词均可作连系动词， 后面接形
容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。

其意思分别为 "看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……"。

除look 之外,
其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。

2） 表示状态的系动词用来表示主语状态，只有
be 一词，
3） 表示持续状态的系动词，主要有 keep, remain, stay 等 4） 表示主语变化的系动词，主要有 become, grow, turn, fall,等 5. It 'snot easy for me to get here.
It is + adj. +for sb. +to do sth. 其中it 作为形式主语，to do sth.是逻辑主语。

例句：It is importa nt for us to learn En glish well. 对于我们而言，学好英语非常重要。

6. A few days ago, I was float ing comfortably in a cloudy in Jia ngxi, enjoying the view.
Enjoyi ng the view 作为句子的伴随状语， 强调水滴在漂浮在云上的时候， 正在欣赏着美好的 风景。

7. Then the cloud dropped me into a stream and I sped down the mountain into the Yangtze River. drop …into …
把。

扔到。

speed, sped, sped v.力『快，飞跑 8. The Yan gtze River carried me to a lake. carry sb. to spl.携带某人去某地 carry v.携带
* carry, take, bring,的区另U caryy 意为携带
bring 意为“带来，拿来”，指把某物或某人从另一个地方带到说话的地方来，
也可以说是“由 远及近”。

take （带走）意为把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去，也可以说是
由近及远”，常
和介词to 构成搭配。

carry 意思是提、扛、搬、携带”，意思较多，但没有方向性。

9. The n it was time to get cleaned up. clea n up 净化，弄干净
9) manufacture v. 生产，制造.
manu facturer n.制造商 manu factory n.工厂 equip v.装
备，配备
get +过去分词也是一种被动语态。

例如：get lost 迷路get hurt 受伤get married 结婚
It is time to do sth. =It is for sth. …的时候到了
It is time to have lun ch= It is time for lun ch.
10.I was dirty after my journey so_they took me to a water treatment works.
so conj.表结果，不能与because连用。

常见的还有although,though不能与but连用。

treatme nt n.当治疗方式时为可数名词，当治疗时为不可数名词
works n.工厂
11.I waited there until you called me, and here I am.
until 一直到引导时间状语从句
常用结构：not…until直到。

才
here I am意为：我就到这里了。

倒装句=I am here.
例句：Here comes the bus.车来了。

12.When you've finished with me, I llgo to a sewage plant. Then they ' pump me into the river and I Vbe back in the sea again.
finish with sth. 不再需要某物，用完
plant意为"工厂，车间”
pump…into 把。

抽吸到。

13.Remember not to waste me or pollute me.
remember （not ） to do sth.记住（不）要去做某事
remember doing sth.记得做过某事
例句：Remember to close the door before you leave. 离开之前记得要去关门。

I remember meeting you somewhere before. 我记得以前于建国你。

相似结构：try to do sth.尽力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做某事
stop to do sth.停止去做某事stop doi ng sth.停止做某事
14.What do you mean by liquid gold? “But there was no reply. The water had gone.
mean by… 意思是
What do you mea n by sayi ng so? 你这么说是什么意思？
reply是answer的近义词
reply意为经过思考之后回复对方的问题。

reply to sb
answer 泛指各类回答。

answer the question
had gone为过去完成时态，表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结
束。

基本结构“had +过去分词”
例句：Before I could say soemthing, the handsome man had gone. 在我想说什么之前，那个帅
哥已经不见了。

语法知识：数量的表示方式
1.修饰不可数名词
little （几乎没有，表示否定含义），a little （少量），not much,（不多）much （许多）a great deal of （大量）
2.修饰不可数名词
few （几乎没有，表示否定含义），a few （少量），not many （不多），many （许多）a large number of （大量）
3.修饰可数和不可数
no（没有）,some（一些）,any （—些）,a lot of （许多），lots of （许多），pienty of （充足的）, en ough （足够的）
4.表示数量约数
5.其他数量搭配
only a few （=few）—点点
例句：He spoke only a few words.
not a few （=ma ny）相当多，不少
例句：Both stude nts have made not a few experime nts on electricity.
quite a few （=many）相当多
例句：Quite a few people came to the lecture.
many a （=ma ny）
例句：Many a famous pop star has bee n ruined by drugs
6.none的用法
none 作为不定代词，其义相当于no one、nothing 或not any.
1）none与some one、any one、every one 均既可指人、也可指物，后可跟of结构；而no one、everybody、anybody、something、nothing 等复合不定代词只表示人或只表示物，后面不能跟of结构。

2）none作主语指代三者或三者以上的可数名词复数时，谓语用单数也可用复数，常无多大区另例句：None of them are teachers. None of them is teachers.
3）对how many , how much 的否定简略回答，用none而不用no body 或nothing。

例句：--How much rice is there in the box? —None.
7.可数名词与不可数名词
1）可数名词：一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。

个体名词：表示人或物体中可以数清的单个体.女口：student, pen
集体名词：（即集合名词）表示由个体组成的集合体。

如：people, family
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

如：map T maps on io n on io ns baker bakers
2）不可数名词：不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词及抽象名词。

物质名词：表示构成物体物质的不可数名词，或表示无法分为个体的物质的名词。

如：
gold, air
抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、情感等非具体化的抽象概念。

如：advice, hate
不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。

如：some water a lot of bread
3）对可数名词的数量提问用how many ;对不可数名词的数量提问要用how much
双基训练
Exercises for Chapter 2
I. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内。

) ( )1. What does the man ager mean _____________ say ing break legs whe n we have the match ？
A. for
B. by
C. with
D. to
( )2. My little brother can 'find his favourite toy and now he becomes ________________ .
A. impatie ntly
B. happily
C. excited
D. impatie nt
( )3. Hurry up! We have __________ t ime left.
A. ma ny
B. much
C. little
D. a little
( )4. Sudde nly, I heard _________ s tra ng voice beh ind me.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
( )5. When Daisy _____________ and the tap was on.
A. is brushi ng
B. brushed
C. brushes
D. was brushi ng.
( )6. Daisy is talki ng with a ______ of water.
A. cup
B. piece
C. drop
D. box
( )7. This place is very _________ a nd make people feel ____________ .
A. relaxed …relaxed
B. relaxing …relaxing
C. relaxed …relaxing
D. relaxing …relaxed
( )8. water was give n a thorough ____________ a nd get __________ u p.
A. clea n …clea n
B. clea ning …clea ned
C. clea ned …clea ned
D. clea ned …clea ning
( )9. Let' wait ________ the rain stop.
A. un til
B. because
C. but
D. so
( )10. Please remember ______________ the light whe n you leave the classroom.
A. turni ng off
B. turn off
C. turned off
D. to turn off
( )11. How many people can a pla ne ______________ ?
A. take
B. send
C. carry
D. bring
( )12. The room has __________ so it is ________ .
A. eno ugh lights …eno ugh bright
B. eno ugh lights …bright eno ugh
C. lights eno ugh •…bright eno ugh
D. lights eno ugh •…bright eno ugh
( )13. It _______ m e fiftee n minu tes to go to school by bike.
A.keeps
es
C.spends
D. takes
( )14. A: Daisy could read En glish whe n she was four years old.
B: __________ clever the girl was!
A. How a
B. What a
C. What
D. How
( )15. Only you are here. Where are ______________ ?
A. the other boy
B. the others boys
C. other boys
D. the other boys
( )16. A: Which do you like btter, singing or dancing?
B: _____________ of them is ok. I like all the activites.
A. Both
B. Neither
C. Either
D. None
( )17. A: I'm afraid I can 'help you.
B: __________ . I can do it by myself.
A. Certai nly
B. That' right
C. Never mi nd
D. I'm sorry.
( )18. A: When will we get off the buts? B: ____________________ .
A. Here they are.
B. Here we are.
C. We are here.
D. Tha nk you.
（）19. Teacher wan ted to find out who broke the window but no one replied.
A. an swered
B. talked
C. said
D. spoke
（）20. The doctor gave him a thorough exam that day.
A. clearly
B. careful
C. complete
D. correct
plete the sentences with the give n words in their proper forms. （用括号中所给单词
的适当形式完成下列句子）
1.He does n'thave a n ecessary ______________ , though he was badly ill. （treat ）
2. A few days ago, I was floating __________ in a cloud in Jiangxi, enjoying the view. （ comfort）
3.Our body n eeds eight cups of water ___________ . （ day ）
4.Doctors suggest us we should brush our ______________ at least twice a day. （ tooth ）.
5.The cloud dropped the water into a stream and the water _______________ down the mountain into the
Yan gtze River. （ speed ）
6.The stra nge voice __________ Dasiy whe n she heard it. （ freeze ）
III.Rewrite the sentences （按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词）
1.Turn off the light .（改为否定句）
_____________________ off the light.
2.The water is precious.（改为感叹句）
_____________________ the water is !
3.You must remember ! Don 'waste or pollute water.（合并为一句）
You must remember _________________ ___________ waste or pollute water.
4.To work out the math problem is not easy for me.（保持句意不变）
_________ is not easy for me _________ work out the math problem.
5.There is a lot of rice here.（划线部分提问）rice is here?
IV.Cloze text
A） Choose the words or expressi ons and complete the passage （选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文.）
The world is not only hun gry, but it is also _____ 1 ___ for water. This may seem stra nge to you,
since nearly 70% of the earth 'surface is __________ 2__ with water. But about 97% of that is sea wate,
or salt watre. Man can only drink and sue the other 3% - the fresh water from rivers, lakes, un dergro und, and other sources.（源泉）.And we can not evern use all of that. Even worse, some of it has bee n made dirty.
However, as things sta nd today, this _________ 3__ water is still eno ugh for us. But our n eed for
water is beco ming larger and larger quickly -almost ____________ 4 ______ . We should take steps to do with
this problem now and in this way we can get away from a serious world -wide water shortage （缺乏）later on.
We all have to learn how to stop ____________ 5 ____ our valuable water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reus ing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and the n sent out into a sewer
system （下水道）.From there it returns to ____________________ 6__ or runs into underground places.
But even if every large city reused its water, we still would not have _______________ 7 _____ . All we'd have to do to make use of sea water in the world is to remove the salt. If we take these steps we will be in no dan ger of drying up.
Choose the words or expressi ons and complete passage. （7 分）
( )1. A. thirsty B. sweety C. sport D. hungry
( )2. A. filled B. cover C. covered D. full
( )3. A. salt B. fresh C. icy D. sweet
( )4. A. day B. day with day C. day by day D. day on day
( )5. A. wast ing B. reus ing C. to waste D. reduc ing
( )6. A. Moo n B. la nd C.space D. sea
( )7. A. many B. enough C. few D. a lot of
B) Read the passage and fill in the bla nks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的
词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。

)
Without water at l un chtime
One day at Bluesea Middle School in Hong Kong, about 450 students and teachers went without water at l 1 . They were in a meeti ng to lear n about s _______________________________________ 2 ____ w ater. The school
also collected about HK$10,000. The mo ney would be used to pla nt 1,880 tress at the heads of the Yan gtze and Yellow Rivers.
The local director of "Friends of the Earth ” Ms. Wong explained that one third of the world ' populati on still did not have eno ugh water for all their n eeds. She thought that by the year 2010, one half of the world ' populati on would not have eno ugh water. Ms. Wong said she had visited the heads of the two rivers three times
in the past year. “ had expected them to be clea n places, as they are at the t 3 of the rivers. However, sadly I found that they were polluted seriously,
even worse tha n a few years ago.”
Ms. Wong said that if every one helped save water, the situati on would get a little b ________ 4 ____ .
She hoped that every one could do someth ing for savi ng water. One of the stude nts who a 5 the meeting said,” I ' pleased I came to the meeting. Now I can remember how a
third of the population lives. I thin I II try and c _______ 6 _____ some of my habits, for example, when
I clea n my teeth, I don't leave the tap running but use just a glass of water i _______ 7 ____ .
l __________ 2. s ____________ 3. t _________ 4. b ___________ 5. a ___________ 6. c ____________ 7. i ___________
IV Writi ng :
Write at least 60 words about the topic The importance of water ”.(以The importanee of water ”为题写一篇
不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。

)
Suggesti on questi ons.
1.Why water is importa nt to us?
2.Do we n eed to save water? Why?
3.How can we save water?
参考答案
I. Choose the best an swer
I. A. 2. D. 3. C. 4. A.5. D 6. C. 7. D. 8. B. 9. A. 10. D.11. C. 12. B. 13. D 14. D 15. D. 16. C. 17. C.
18 B. 19 A. 20. C.
plete the sentences with the give n words
1. treatme nt
2. comfortably
3. daily
4. teeth
5. sped
6. froze
III.Rewrite the sentences
1. Don 'turn
2. How precious
3. not to
4. It…to
5. How much
IV cloze text
1- 7. ACBCADB
1. l u nchti nme
2. s avi ng
3. t op
4. b etter
5. a tte nded
6. c ha nge
7. i nstead
V. Wrti ng
The importa nee of water
Water is very important. People can ' Ite without water. About two-thirds of the Earth is covered with water, but little of it can be used.
We should save water because water is very precious to us. We n eed water to drink, to wash our hands and faces, to do some clea ning. Plants and ani mals also n eed water to grow.
We can save water by tak ing shower in stead of bath. We can save water by not turning on the
tap when we brush our teeth. We also can save water by telling other people not to waste it.
In a word, water is very important in our daily life.。