非谓语动词原则

非谓语动词题的经典原则

考点一、非谓语动词作主语

1．________basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.

A．Known B．Having known C．Knowing D．Being known

解析：懂得基本的急救技能有助于对紧急情况作出快速反应。因为过去分词不能作主语，排除A项。根据句意可知，空格处不是表达完成或被动意思，排除B和D项，故答案为C项。

2．It’s important for the figures________regularly.

A．to be updated B．to have been updated C．to update D．to have updated

解析：句中的时间状语regularly表示经常发生，排除B、D两项；又因为figures是被更新的。

考点二、非谓语动词作状语

3．________warm at night，I would fill the woodstove，then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.

A．Staying B．Stayed C．To stay D．Stay

解析：为了在夜里取暖，我总是把火炉填满，然后把闹钟定在午夜，以便我能再填满一次。

4．_____in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.

A．To found B．Founding C．Founded D．Having founded

解析：这所学校建立于20世纪早期，并一直激励孩子们热爱艺术。非谓语动词与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系，故排除A、B、D三个选项。

5．________which university to attend，the girl asked her teacher for advice.

A．Not knowing B．Knowing not

C．Not known D．Known not

解析：(因为)不知道要上哪个大学，这个女孩便征求她老师的意见。排除B、D两项，因分词的否定式为“not＋现在分词/过去分词”；主语the girl与非谓语动词之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故排除C项。

6．________at the cafeteria before，Tina didn’t want to eat there again.

A．Having eaten B．To eat C．Eat D．Eating

解析：因为之前在这家自助餐厅吃过饭，Tina再也不想去那儿吃了。根据语境可知空格处的动作应该发生在didn’t want to eat之前，故选A项。

考点三、非谓语动词作定语

7．V olunteering gives you a chance________lives，including your own.

A．change B．changing C．changed D．to change

解析：当志愿者给了你一个改变别人和你自己的生活的机会。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。根据题干，被修饰词chance为抽象名词，通常情况下由不定式作后置定语，故此题选择D项。

8．In some languages,100 words make up half of all words________in daily conversations.

A．using B．to use C．having used D．used

解析：句意为：在有些语言中，100个词就占了日常对话用词的50%。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。非谓语动词和words是逻辑上的被动关系，而四个选项中只有D项表示被动，故答案为D项。

9．The room is empty except for a bookshelf________in one corner.

A．standing B．to stand C．stands D．stood

解析：句意为：除了在一个角落里立着的一个书架外这个房间是空的。被修饰词为a bookshelf，非谓语动词与bookshelf之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故选A项。不定式作定语时，通常表示将来的动作

10．The airport________next year will help promote tourism in this area.

A．being completed B．to be completed

C．completed D．having been completed

解析：句意为：明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。首先排除D项，因为having been done形式不能作定语；A.正被完成；C.已经完成；B.即将被完成。

考点四、非谓语动词作宾语

11．Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and________to ruins，the city took on a new look.

A．reducing B．reduced C．being reduced D．having reduced

解析：在经历了一次严重地震化为废墟之后不久，那座城市呈现出了新面貌。设空处与suffering from...并列，作介词after的宾语，所以要用doing的形式，排除B；根据短语reduce sb./sth.to sth.使某人/某事物陷入更坏的境地，主语the city和reduce 之间是被动关系

12．China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from________in the South China Sea.

A．attacking B．having attacked

C．being attacked D．having been attacked

解析：最近，中国为了保护中国渔船在南海不受到袭击，加强了黄岩岛附近水域的管辖。prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事，attack与fishing boats之间是逻辑上的动宾关系

考点五、非谓语动词作表语

13．The engine just won’t start.Something seems________wrong with it.

A．to go B．to have gone C．going D．having gone

解析：发动机就是启动不起来。看来它是出毛病了。本题考查非谓语动词作表语。seem后接不定式，排除C和D两项；根据发动机不能启动的事实说明发动机已经出现了问题，故排除A项。

14．In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained________abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.

A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck