虚拟语气 教案

虚拟语气教案教学过程

一、课堂导入

老师将下列句子呈现给学生,学生跟着老师读下列句子。

1、If it should fail, I would try again、

2、If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic、

3、She would have gone to the party if she had been invited、

虚拟语气教案

二、复习预习

教师引导学生复习上节课所学的宾语从句的概念,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的时态与连接词。(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过宾语从句的具体用法的分析与扩展导入本节课所要学习的虚拟语气。

虚拟语气教案

三、知识讲解

知识点1:由if引导的虚拟语气在条件句中的应用

1、【考查点】与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should (would, might, could)+动词原形。

如:If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic、如果现在不下雨的话,我们就出去野餐了。

(事实就是:天在下雨,我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。)

If he came here, he might be able to help you、如果她来这,她就能够帮助您了。

(事实就是:她没来这,她不可能帮助您。表示对她的良好印象。)

虚拟语气教案

2、【考查点】与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词,主句的谓语用should ( would, might, could)+ have ＋过去分词。

如:She would have gone to the party if she had been invited、

要就是当初她被邀请的话,她就会去参加这次聚会了。

(事实就是:当时没有人邀请她,因此,她没有来参加聚会。表示后悔。)

3、【考查点】与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were); should＋动词原形;were to＋动词原形,主句用should (would, might, could)+动词原形。

如:If it should fail, I would try again、要就是失败了,我会再试一次。

(事实就是:有可能失败,可我会再试。表示未知。)

虚拟语气教案

4、【考查点】混合型的条件句

当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句与从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应,这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句就是从句用过去完成时(指过去行为),而主句用一般时(指目前状态)。

如:He would pass the test if he had taken my advice.如果她听了我的劝告,她现在会通过考试。

You would be much better now if you had taken my advice、假如您接受了我的意见,您现在就会好得多。注:如条件从句用if I were、、、,主句则可用表任何时间的虚拟形式。

如:If I were not busy, I would have come、假如我不忙,我就会去了。(were表过去)

If I were you, I would go、假如我就是您,我会去的。(were表现在)

虚拟语气教案

知识点2:连词if的省略

【考查点】如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were,had与should时,可省略if,把were,had与should放到从句主语前面去,多见于书面语。

如:Had you not helped me, I should have failed、要就是没有您的帮助,我就失败了。

Were you in my position, you would do the same、假如您处在我的地位,您也会这样干的。

Should they attack us, we’ll wipe them ou t completely、假如她们进攻我们,我们就把她们彻底消灭干净。

虚拟语气教案

知识点3:含蓄条件句

虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来,只暗含在上下文中,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况。

1、【考查点】条件暗含在短语中。

如:But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment、

如果没有您的帮助,我们的实验就是不会成功的。(暗含在分词短词but for your help)

What would I have done without you? 如没有您,我会怎么办呢？(条件暗含在介词短语without you 中) It would be easier to do it this way、这样做会比较容易。(条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way中) Alone, he would have been terrified、如就是单独一人,她就是会感到害怕的。(暗含条件就是alone)

虚拟语气教案

2、【考查点】条件暗含在上下文中。

如:You might stay here forever、您可以永远待在这儿。(可能暗含if you wanted to) We would have succeeded、我们本来就是会成功的。(可能暗含if we had kept trying)

Your reputation would be ruined、您的名誉会败坏的。(可能暗含if you should accept it)