选修7unit1语法-------动词不定式用法精讲精练

动词不定式用法精讲精练
【考题引路】
例1.The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself （2011湖南）
A expressing
B expressed
C to express
D to be expressed
【解析】句意为“想法重要，提出想法的能力也同样重要。

”express 修饰的是ability, 为主动关系，排除B和D表示被动的选项；ability作为一个抽象名词，通常使用动词不定式做定语，联系到短语be able to do sth，不难推断正确选项为C。

例2.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read fast.（2011辽宁）A. what B. who C. how D. why
【解析】考查疑问副词+ to do的用法。

句意为“有二十名学生想听旨在提高阅读速度的课程。

”fast提示了方式，how + to read fast等同于名词，作teach的宾语。

故选C。

例3.Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms. （2010上海）A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce
【解析】此处应该用不定式the way to do sth表示做……的途径、方式。

the only way to do…,we can imagine 做定语, 前面省略了that.故选B。

例4.There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______.（2010江西）
A to discover
B to be discovered
C discovered
D being discovered
【解析】演员等待被发现, 用被动, 发现发生在等待之后, 所以用不定式. B。

例5.With Father’s Day around the corner ,I have taken some money out of the bank ______ presents for my dad.（2010全国I）A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought
【解析】句意：父亲节将要到来, 为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。

题干中空格划在名词后, 但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明, 而是说明取钱的目的, 因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语, 非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的, 因此选择B。

例6.His first book next month is based on a true story. （2010陕西）
A. published
B. to be published
C. to publish
D. being published
【解析】此处是非谓语动词做后置定语, 由时间状语next month可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作, 用动词不定式, 其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book,不定式与逻辑主语是被动关系, 故用不定式的被动式, 选B。

例7.We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.（2010辽宁）
A. finding
B. to find
C. find
D. to be found
【解析】句意：我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然还是原来的状况。

be astonished 后应该跟动词不定式做状语。

故选B。

例8．The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.（2009海南）A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at
【解析】句意为：当那位著名的女演员走进了教室, 所有的孩子都转过头去看她。

turn to 表示“转向, 求助” 的意思。

故选B。

例9．We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.（2009山东）
A. to be held
B. held
C. being held
D. holding
【解析】我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举行的一个聚会。

party与hold是被动关系；再根据时间状语（next Friday）判断, 用不定式表示还没发生。

答案A。

例10．David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. （2009上海）A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported
【解析】戴维威胁说, 他邻居如果不赔偿损失, 他就要报案。

Threaten后可接不定式, 不接
动名词, 而且。

report和David是主动关系。

答案C。

例11．______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.（2009天津）
A. Competing
B. Having completed
C. To have completed
D. To complete
【解析】为了按时完成此项目, 全体员工周末都在工作。

表示目的要用不定式, 排除A、B；C表示已经完成, 与句意不符, 也排除。

答案D。

例12．Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _______reduce unemployment pressures. （2009浙江）A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped
【解析】全国各地学校预计今年要招聘50000名大学毕业生作为短期老师, 差不多是去年招聘的三倍, 目的是帮助减少就业压力。

去掉插入部分“almost three times the number hired last year”,并把时间状语放在句末, 句子结构就清楚了, hire 50,000 college graduates to help reduce unemployment pressures。

不定式表目的。

答案C。

例13．With the world changing fast, we have something new with all by ourselves every day.（2009重庆）A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing
【解析】世界变化太快, 我们每天都得独自应付新事物。

考查have sth. to do的结构。

此处have作“有”解, 不定式to deal with作定语修饰something。

答案C。

例14．Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures. （2009江苏）A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped
【解析】China are expected to help reduce unemployment pressures. to help 与to hire 位置相同。

故选C。

例15．I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good .（2008全国I）A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed
【解析】在“主语+be+adj.+to do”结构中, 动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。

故选B。

【小试身手】请做下列各题：
1.—Did the book give the information you needed?（2008北京）
—Yes.But it, I had to read the entire book.
A.to find
B.find
C.to be finding
D.finding
2.I feel greatly honored into their society.（2008北京）
A.to welcome
B.welcoming
C.to be welcomed
D.welcomed
3. the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.（2008湖南）
pleting
plete
pleted
D.To complete
4.If there is a lot of work ___, I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.（2008上海）
A. to do
B. to be doing
C. done
D. doing
5.—The last one __________________ pays the meal. （2007全国I ）
—Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
6.There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.（2007上海）
A. being persuaded
B. persuading
C. to be persuaded
D. to persuade
7.—Excuse me sir,where is Room 301?（2007北京）
—Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room.
A.show
B.shows
C. to show
D. showing
8.My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. （2007江苏）
A. feeling well
B. feeling good
C. feel well
D. feel good
9.When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight.（2007江西）
A.training
B.being trained
C.to have trained
D.to be trained
10.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.（2007浙江）
A. to be heard
B. to have heard
C. hearing
D. being heard
11.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.（2007重庆）
A.is said to be buying
B.is said to have bought
C.had said to buy
D.has said to have bought
12.The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. （2007辽宁）
A. breaking
B. having broken
C. to have broken
D. break
13._____the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.（2007上海春）A. To ensure B. Ensuring C. Having ensured. D. To have ensured
14.Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _____ .（2006安徽） A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed
15.As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting _____.（2006湖南）
A. to use
B. to be used
C. to have used
D. to be using
16.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ______in Beijing in 2008.（2006四川）
A.hold
B.holding
C.held
D.to be held
17.He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets has been sold out.（2006陕西）
A. to be told
B. to tell
C. told
D. telling
18.AIDS is said ______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. （2006湖北）
A. that it is
B. to be
C. that it has been
D. to have been
19.It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness .（2006江西）
A.to make
B.to be made
C.making
D.being made
20._______ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g s ugar and 175 g flour.（2006广东）
A. Having made
B. Make
C. To make
D. Making
【答案详解】
1.【解析】答语句意为：是的, 但是为了找到它, 我不得不阅读了整本书。

表示目的要用动词不定式形式。

由于不表示正在进行, 故不用进行时态。

故选A。

2.【解析】welcome与“I” 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, 故welcome须用被动语态形式。

该句语意相当于I feel it a great honor to be welcomed into their society。

故选C。

3.【解析】句意为：为了按计划完成工程, 我们不得不每天多工作两个小时。

此处用动词不定式作状语, 表示目的。

故选D。

4.【解析】A work 和do 存在动宾关系主语I和do存在主谓关系, 此时可以用to do做后置定语, 但是事实上这是个被动。

故选A。

5. 【解析】“the last/next/first...”后常接不定式作定语。

故选C。

6.【解析】try to persuade...尽力去说服……。

I can try you to stay为定语从句, 省略了作try的宾语的关系代词that。

故选D。

7.【解析】have sb do sth意为“命令或安排某人做某事”, 使役动词make, let, have接宾语补足语省略不定式to。

根据提供的情景可判断出让Bob带你到房间去。

have sb doing sth表示“使某人一直处于某种状态中”。

故选A。

8.【解析】根据情况, 使役动词make后可接动词原形(不带to的不定式)或过去分词作宾语补足语, 但不能接现在分词, 故可排除选项A和B; 在剩下的C和D中, 要选D不选C, 是
因为feel作为连系动词, 其后要接形容词作表语, 不接副词。

9.【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。

作目的状语时用不定式, 而不用分词, 首先排除A、B两项；另外he承受train这一动作, 应用被动语态, 排除C项, 故D项正确。

10. 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。

struggle to do sth.努力做某事。

又因I与hear之间存在被动关系, 故应用不定式的被动语态。

故选A。

11【解析】sb./sth.is said to do sth.据说某人/某物做某事。

因为买鸟这一动作发生在说之前, 因此此处应用不定式的完成时态。

故选B。

12.【解析】sb./Sth.is reported to do sth.为常用的表达方式, to do不能用doing形式, “打破世界记录”是已经发生的事情, 故用不定式的完成式。

故选C。

13.【解析】To do置于句首常作目的状语。

故选A。

14.【解析】to blame作the one的定语。

关于blame一词, 常用主动形式。

如：It is Tom that is to blame. 故选C。

15.【解析】本题考查不定式的时态与语态。

因use与the raw materials之间是动宾关系, 因此此处用不定式的被动语态。

B项符合题意。

16.【解析】由于2008年奥运会还现在(指2006年)还没有举行, 故要用不定式; 又因为奥运会与hold之间为被动关系, 故用不定式的被动式。

故选D。

17.【解析】only后接不定式表示出人意料的结果, 又如：I arrived at the shop only to find I’d left all my money at home. 我到商店却发现钱全放在家里。

故选A。

18.【解析】“某人(某物)+is said+不定式”是一个很有用的句式, 其意为“据说”, 又如：The company is said to be in trouble. 据说这家公司遇到了困难。

再根据句中的over the past few years可知, 不定式要用完成式。

故选D。

19.【解析】考查结构It takes/took (sb.) +一段时间+to do sth.（某人花费时间做某事）。

题中connection与make之间为动宾关系, 所以用动词不定式的被动语态。

故选B。

20.【解析】由于是表示目的, 故要用不定式, 句意为：为了要做这块蛋糕, 你需要2只鸡蛋、175克糖和175克面粉。

故选C。