京津冀重要水源地潘大水库水生生物群落结构及水质生物学评价

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生态学杂志 Chinese Journal of Ecology
2016, 35( 10) : 2774-2782
DOI: 10.13292 / j.1000-4890.201610.001
京津冀重要水源地潘大水库水生生物群落结构 及水质生物学评价
张 敏
1
渠晓东
1*


1
张睿昊
2


1
张海萍
1


1
( 1 中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所 ,北京 100038;
2
海河流域水资源保护局 ,天津 300170)
) 是京津冀区域重要的饮用水源地, 摘 要 潘家口和大黑汀水库 ( 合称“潘大水库 ” 其水 生态系统状况可以直接反映受水区域的供水安全 。本研究通过浮游植物、 浮游动物和大型 基于水生生物群落结构分析了潘大水库水生态系统现状并进行 底栖动物的野外生态监测, 密度以金藻和蓝 了生物学评价。结果表明: 潘大水库浮游植物种类以硅藻和绿藻占优势, -1 7 藻占优势, 浮游植物密度最高密度达 14.45 × 10 ind · L , 呈现水华状态, 主要由金藻贡献; 浮游动物主要由轮虫、 枝角类和桡足类组成, 空间差异较小, 种类以轮虫占优势, 密度上则 以桡足类占优势; 浮游动物 Shannon 多样性指数( H) 较高, 为 2.31 ~ 2.50; 底栖动物种类以摇 -2 蚊科和颤蚓科为主, 密度上表现出明显的空间差异, 最高密度达 14400 ind · m , 主要由指 底栖动物多样性较低, 除最上游的 H 为 0. 92 外, 其余均低于 示有机污染的颤蚓科贡献, 0.40。基于浮游植物和底栖动物进行的生物学评价结果表明 , 潘大水库部分区域的污染状 态较重。 关键词 饮用水源地; 京津冀; 浮游植物; 底栖动物; 生物评价
The aquatic organism communities of the PanjiakouDaheiting Reservoir and the bioasdong 1* ,CHEN Yong 1 ,ZHANG Ruihao 2 , sessment of water quality. ZHANG Min 1 ,QU Xiao1 1 1 1 XIE Ying ,ZHANG Haiping ,YU Yang ( Department of Water Environment,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China; 2 Water Resources Protection Bureau of Haihe River Basin,Tianjin 300181,China) . Abstract : Panjiakou and Daheiting reservoirs ( known as PanDa Reservoir) serve as the important drinking water source for the BeijingTianjinHebei area. The status of the reservoir ecosystem is an important indicator to water supply security. Based on field investigations of phytoplankton,zooplankton and macroinvertebrates,we analyzed the community composition and evaluated the status of the aquatic ecosystem and water environment. The results showed that phytoplankton community was dominated by Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta,while the density was mainly contributed by Chrysophyta and Cyanophyta. The maximum density of phytoplankton in the reservoir bloom status. Zooplankton community was mainly was up to 14.45 × 10 7 ind·L -1 ,showing a algalcomposed of Rotifer,Cladocera and Copepoda,and their spatial difference was not identified. Rotifer dominated the community,while Cladocera dominated the density. The Shannon diversity index ( H) of zooplankton ranged from 2.31 to 2.50. Macroinvertebrate community was dominated by Chironomidae and Tubificidae. Their densities showed significant difference in spatial distribution; the highest value was up to 14400 ind · m -2 ,mainly contributed by Tubificidae indicating severe organic pollution. H of macroinvertebrates of all sites was lower than 0.40,except a value of 0.92 for one site in the most upper reach. Bioassessment of phytoplankton and macroinvertebrates indicated that the reservoir suffered serious pollution in the study period. Key words: drinking water source area; BeijingTianjinHebei; phytoplankton; macroinvertebrate; bioassessment.
国家自然科学基金项目 ( 51309031) 和中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室项目( 2015TS02) 资助。 0111 0624 收稿日期: 2016接受日期: 2016mail: quxd@ iwhr.com * 通讯作者 E-

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