500公斤数控座式焊接变位机设计

500公斤数控座式焊接变位机

摘要

座式焊接变位机是通过工作台的回转或倾斜，使焊缝处于水平或船形位置的装置，它可以实现与操作机或焊机联控，可应用于各种轴类、盘类、筒体等回转体工件的焊接。本次设计题目是设计一台500公斤数控座式焊接变位机，可实现焊接工件的回转、倾斜，而且工作台的回转和倾斜运动采用数控控制，以便与机器人配合联动，实现工件上的各类焊缝的自动焊接。

本次设计采用步进电动机进行驱动，直接与无级变速器及涡轮蜗杆减速器机构相连接，以带动工作台转动。所以控制进入步进电动机的脉冲数量，就可控制工作台转角的大小；控制进入步进电动机的脉冲频率，就可控制工作台的转动速度；改变步进电机中各绕组的通电顺序，便是工作台正传或反转。因此，该变位机可实现点位控制，并有较高的到位精度。步进驱动系统采用开环控制，传动机构比较简单，从而设计、调整、维修都很方便。

本次设计的主要内容包括:数控座式焊接变位机的底座、回转机构、倾斜机构等的机械设计、装配图和零件图设计，数控步进电机的选型等。整个机械系统应简单可靠，操作方便。编写相应的设计说明书。

关键词：焊接、步进电机、变位机

DESIGN OF 500 kg CNC WELDING

DISPLACEMENT MACHINE

ABSTRACT

Seat type welding machine is through the displacement worktable turn or tilt, the weld seam in horizontal or boat form position of the device, which can realize Manipulator or welding machine with but connected controlling, can be applied to various axial, plate, barrel etc of axially symmetrical workpiece welding. This design topic is to design a 500 kilograms NC seat type welding displacements machine, It can realize the fluctuation on turn, tilt, and the rotary and tilt table adopts CNC control, in order to exercise with robot cooperate linkage, realize the of all kinds of workpiece weld automatic welding.

This design adapts the stepping motor driven directly and variator and worm and worm reducer institutions, to drive workbench is connected to rotate. So control into stepping motor pulse quantity, can control the size of workbench corner; Control into stepping motor pulse frequency, it can control the rotation speed worktable; Change stepping motor of the winding electrify sequence, days or reverse is workbench. Therefore, this shift machine can realize position control and have higher in position precision. Stepping driving system USES the open loop control, transmission mechanism is simpler, thus design, adjustment, maintenance is very convenient.

The design of the main content includes NC seat type welding displacements machine base, such as swing mechanism, the tilt institution of mechanical design, assembly and parts graph design, NC stepping motor selection, etc. The mechanical system should be simple, reliable and convenient operation. Write the corresponding design specification.

KEY WORDS：Welding, Stepping motor, Displacements machine

目录

前言 (2)

第1章总体方案拟定 (8)

§1.1 焊接变位机概述 (8)

§1.1.1 焊接变位机定义 (8)

§1.1.2 焊接变位机的类型和特点 (8)

§1.1.3 驱动系统 (11)

§1.2 总体方案的确定 (12)

第2章电动机的选择及传动比的分配 (13)

§2.1 电动机的选择 (13)

§2.1.1 主要技术参数 (13)

§2.1.2 电动机的选择 (14)

§2.2.1 回转轴总传动比的计算及其分配 (17)

第3章零件设计和选用 (18)

§3.1 零件的结构设计 (18)

§3.2 回转轴的强度校核 (20)

§3.2.1 轴上的受力分析及计算 (20)

§3.2 回转轴齿轮强度校核 (24)

§3.3 键强度校核 (25)

§3.4 轴承的选用 (26)

参考文献 (28)

致谢 (29)