2020年高考英语短文改错高频考点10：状语从句

专题10 短文改错高频考点TOP 10 状语从句

考点一So...that...和such...that之间误用

such…that…与so…that…都可以用来引导结果状语从句，意为“如此…以致…”。

（1）such是形容词，它所修饰的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带。如果其后是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。因此，such…that…的句型结构可分为以下三种：

①such+a（n）（+adj.）+单数可数名词+that从句。如：

She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.她是一位很好的老师，我们都敬爱她。

Table tennis is such an interesting game that people all over the world play it.乒乓球是一项很有趣的运动，以致全世界的人都参加这项运动。

②such（+adj.）+复数可数名词+that从句。如：

They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more.这些书非常有趣，我想再读一遍。

③such（adj.）+不可数名词+that从句。如：

It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.天气太坏，以致我不得不呆在家里。

（2）so是副词，与形容词或副词连用，其结构是：so+adj.（adv.）+that从句。如：

He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.他跑得那么快，我赶不上他。

I am so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.我太瞌睡了，眼睛几乎睁不开了。

注意：①当名词前面有many，much，few，little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用so，而不能用such。如：

There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.街上围观大火的人太多了，消防队员无法靠近大楼。

②当单数名词前有形容词时，既可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置却有所不同。如：This is such an important meeting that you should attend it.（=This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.）这是一次很重要的会议，你一定要参加。后面不加，一般在前面加，详细分析如下：so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以，以致”。如：He got up very early so that he could catch the train．他起得很早以便能赶上火车。（目的状语从句）

He raised his voice，so that everyone heard him．他提高了声音，结果大家都听见了。（结果状语从句）so．．．that意为“如此……以致”，只能引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以致于”，其中so后面跟形容词、副词或由few，little，a little，many，much修饰的名词。例如：

He ran so quickly that I couldn't catch up with him．他跑得太快，我赶不上他。

The box costs so little that I can afford it.这个箱子很便宜，我买得起。

It's such beautiful a city that I can hardly find any word to describe it.

【答案】such改为so

【解析】so+adj.a/an+n.

考点二Very...that.../too...that...受中文影响的误用，改成so...that...

He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.

【答案】very去掉

【解析】副词重复使用so在语义上与very相当

考点三When, while之间的误用

①when意为"在……时;当……时",可表示"点时间"或"段时间",从句谓语可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。例如:

When I got home, he was having supper.

③while只可表示"段时间",从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如:

While I was sleeping, my father came in.

One afternoon, I was playing football with my companions while accidentally I kicked the ball through a nearby apartment’s window.

【答案】while改为when

【解析】while后不能加短暂性动词

考点四Before, after语义逻辑误用

1)before主要引导时间状语从句，意为“先于”“…之后才”“(不多久)就…”。

当主句是将来时时，从句谓语动词须用现在时；当主句是一般过去时或过去完成时时，从句常用过去时。注：before引导的时间状语从句不能用于否定式。