英语音标讲解及练习

英语音标讲解及练习 Prepared on 22 November 2020

26个英文字母及音标

[ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:]

A a

D d [di:]

E e [i:]

F f [ef]

G g [d3i:] H h [eit∫]I i [ai]

J j [d3ei] K k [kei] L l [el]

M m[em] N n [en] O o [u]

P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:]

S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:]

V v [vi:] W w [′d blju:] X x [eks]

Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed]

以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:

1)含元音音素[ei]

字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk

音标: [ei] [eit∫] [d3ei] [kei]

2) 含元音音素[i:]

字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv

音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d3i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:] 3) 含元音音素[e]

字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]

4) 含元音音素[ju:]

字母: Uu Qq Ww

音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d blju:]

5) 含元音音素[ai]

字母: Ii Yy

音标: [ai] [wai]

英语音标发音表

英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。

英语音标讲解及练习

英语共有48个音标，其中辅音音标28个，元音音标20个。记得我们小学认字的时候就是从拼音开始，英语中的音标就充当了汉字中的拼音角色，辅音相当于声母，元音相当于韵母。

先来看元音音标，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。

单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [] [a:] [] [:] [] [u:] [u] [] [:]

双元音：[ai] [ei] [i] [u] [u] [au] [e] [i]

辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。

清辅音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][∫][ts] [t∫][tr][h][l]

浊辅音：[b][d][g][v][z] [e] [] [dz] [d] [dr][r][m][n][][w][j]

/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/

team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/

/i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/

/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/

// fat/ft/ have/hv/ cat/kt/ back/bk/ hat/ht/

/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/

/ :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/

salt/s:t/

/ / dog/dg/ pot/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/ honest/′nist/ /u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/

/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/

could/kud/

/ / must/mst/ does/dz/ money/′mni/ ugly/′gli/

come/km/

/:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/

girl/g:l/

/ / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/welkm/ /ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/

age/eid/

/u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ note/nut/ pose/puz/

/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/

bike/baik/ kite/kait/

/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ′baut/

south/sauθ/ house/haus/

/i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/

point/pint/ coin/kin/

/i/ ear/i/ near/ni/ idea/ai′di/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/

/ε/ air/ε/ tear/tε/ care/kε/ dare/dε/ fair/fε/

there/eε/

/u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/

/b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blk/ bear/bε/

/t/ let/let/ sat/st/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/

/d/ led/led/ sad/sd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/

/k/ lack/lk/ take/teik/ clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend/

/g/ big/big/ lag/lg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/

/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favorite/′feivrit/

/v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:v/ serve/s:v/

never/′nev/