sat语法讲义1(introduction)
新SAT文法讲义语法知识点加巩固练习-词法考点
新SAT文法讲义第一章词法Conventions of UsageChapter 1—-Pronoun1. Number, Person& Case1.1 Number: pronoun≠ antecedentE.g. Until it can be replaced by a faster, more efficient, and more economical means of transportation, trucks will carry most of the freight within and through metropolitan areas.1.2 Person: shifts in personI/We/He/She/They--------YouOne-------------------------------YouE.g. Although (A) one likes to believe (B) that your own (C) children are beautiful, intelligent, and well behaved, what one believes is not always the case (D).1.3 Case1.3.1 句子中使用主格的情况。
1) 代词作为主语的时候She is weird.2) 代词作为表语的时候E.g. It was he who fell into the water.1.3.2 句子中使用宾格的情况。
1) 动词宾语The music carried them away.2) 介词宾语a. between you and meb. to Sherry and herc. among us womend. at use. from her and himf. with me and youE.g. 1 After engaging(A) in a spirited debate, everyone except Tom and I(B)decided(C) to watch the latest action film, even though the rest of the group had already seen(D) it.E.g. 2 Last summer, when Mary’s aunt and Uncle flew from(A) Turkey to visit their relatives and tour(B) the United States, Mary invited Sandhya and I(C) to her house to meet(D) them.补充考点：比较句中代词的格：To find the correct pronoun in a comparison that uses than or as, complete the comparison using the verb that would follow naturally.a.Jackie runs faster than she ( ).b.My brother has bigger feet than I ( ).c.Carol is as tough as he ( ).1.3 Case考点单句练习1.Judith took my sister and (I, me) to the magic show last night.2.We thought that Matilda and Jorge would be there, and sure enough, we saw (she, her ) and (he, him ) sitting in the front row.3.During the intermission, Jorge came over and asked my sister and (I, me ) to go out after the show.4.Between you and (I, me ) the magician was terrible.5.It must also have been a bad evening for (he, him ) and his assistant, Roxanne.2.Possessive Determiner:2.1 Possessive Pronoun使用规则：Possessive Pronoun+N常用代词：its/their/his/her/your/our/my+N区别：its/it’s/his/he’s/whose/who’sIt’s 表示缩写it’s=it is/it hasIts+Nhe’s=he is/ he hashis+Nwho’s=who is/who haswhose+N2.2 Ns&N’s区别e.g. Waterway’s=waterway’s+Nwaterways=名词复数,作主语，作宾语考点：易混表达（1）its & it’s & its’1）its’出现必错2）its+n的核心词为its后的名词3）it’s（it is/it has的缩写）为主谓结构E.g. 1One of the Liveliest folk music forms to develop in the twentieth century is Tejano music. Also known as Tex Mex or border music because of it’s having origins on both sides of the Texas-Mexico border, this form combines elements from Spanish, German, and English musical traditions.A) NO CHANGEB) itsC) it’sD) its’（2）who’s & whose1）whose+n的核心词为其后的名词2）who’s（who is或who has的缩写）为主谓结构E.g. 2 You have to admire the honesty of a company who’s slogan is “Just About the Best.”A) NO CHANGEB) whoseC) that’sD) that the（3）they’re & their & there1）their+n的核心词为their后的名词2）they’re（they are的缩写）为主谓结构3）there经常作为发音相似的干扰项出现E.g. 3As the dancers step the music, they are also stepping in time to a sound that embodies their unique history and suggests the influence of outside cultures on their music.A) NO CHANGEB) they’reC) it’sD) its’E.g. 4 Teachers provide in-depth language understanding, and children are rewarded for improving his or her communication skills.A) NO CHANGEB) one’sC) thereD) their3. Pronoun clarity考点1. 多指代E.g. To keep birds from eating seeds, soak them in blue food coloring. （them在此句会产生歧义，应改为seeds）考点2. 无指代E.g. Scientists have determined that the cause of white-nose syndrome is a fungus—Pseudogymnoascus destructans—that flourishes in cold, wet environments and reproduces bygenerating spores that can lodge in the floors and walls of caves as well as onwing membranes, and hairless body parts.（their 没有指代对象）考点3. this 的使用1. this指代前一句话E.g. Typically, the ice sheet begins to show evidence of thawing in late summer. This follows several weeks of higher temperatures.2. this+N使用E.g. Box is currently organizing an expedition to gather this crucial information.4. Relative Pronoun4.1 that/who/whom/which指代对象4.2 who/whom区别4.3介词＋which&when/where/why区别补充1：that/who/whom/which/whose+不完整句子补充2：THAT&WHICH的跳跃指代1. A+prep.+B+that Clausethat即可以指代A也可以指代B，但是不能指代从句或句子E.g. The labor union is negotiating a contract with the hospital that will satisfy the demands of the workers.2. WHICH的代词用法—-Which只能就近指代前面的名词或名词短语E.g.Wrong: Jim biked along an old dirt road to get to his house, which cut through the woods.Right: To get to his house, Jim biked along an old dirt road, which cut through the Woods.真题练习：1.The article goes on to suggest that the most valuable resources provided by coworking spaces are actually the people whom use them.A) NO CHANGEB) whom usesC) who usesD) who use2. Because today’s students can expect to hold multiple jobs—some of which may not even exist yet—during our lifetime, studying philosophy allows them to be flexible and adaptable.A) NO CHANGEB) one’sC) his or herD) their3. Scientists knew this but did not recognize how large a role they played in helping kelp forests to significantly decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.A) NO CHANGEB) how large a role that it playedC) how large a role sea otters playedD) that they played such a large role4. It was the brainchild of former journalist Martine Postma, wanting to take a practical stand in a throwaway culture.A) NO CHANGEB) whom wantsC) who wantedD) she wanted5. Just as travelers taking road trips today may need to take a break for food at a rest area along the highway, settlers traversing the American West by train in the mid-1800s often found themselves in need of refreshment.A) NO CHANGEB) himself or herselfC) their selvesD) oneself6. These Harvey Houses, which constituted the first restaurant chain in the United States, was unique for its high standards of service and quality.A) NO CHANGEB) were unique for theirC) was unique for theirD) were unique for its7. This may not be much of a problem with certain kinds of apples that are not naturally very fragrant, such as Granny Smith, but for apples that are prized for their fruity fragrance, such as McIntosh, this can be a problem with consumers, that will reject apples lacking the expected aroma.A) NO CHANGEB) TheyC) whichD) who8. Artists associated with this began to rediscover and promote the work of the Mexican muralists, particularly Siqueiros.A) NO CHANGEB) itC) themD) this movement补充练习：1. Music seems to be universal, which exists in some form in all human cultures.A) NO CHANGEB) where it existsC) exitsD) existing2. After the end of the First World War, Fridtjof Nansen directed several of the League of Nations'humanitarian programs, which caused his winning a Nobel Peace Prize in 1922.A) NO CHANGEB) programs, he therefore wonC) programs, this is why he wonD) programs and consequently won3. One reason fish spoils faster than meat is due to the fact that the muscle fibers of fish are specialized to function best in cold environments.A) NO CHANGEB) meat is because of the fact thatC) meat, which is becauseD) meat is that4. Wolves are now classified as an endangered species in all the lower forty-eight states except Minnesota, after which the animals began migrating from Canada in the 1960s.A) NO CHANGEB) from whichC) whenD) into which5. Unlike seve ral decades ago, today’s librarians teach students to evaluate the accuracy and objectivity of online resources in addition to helping them find particular books.A)NO CHANGEB)Unlike them ofC)Unlike those ofD)Contrary to6. Public transportation in the suburbs and outlying areas is generally not as convenient and reliable as it is in the city.A) NO CHANGEB) as they areC) as thoseD) as getting around7. John and Bob had been friends since kindergarten because he was good at soccer and ready to laugh at any joke.A) NO CHANGEB) kindergarten because they were not only good soccer playersC) kindergarten because each was good at soccerD) kindergarten, being not only good soccer players8. Mayor Julia Wilson's daughter told us that she had decided not to run for reelection, even thoughthere is still much to do to improve the downtown district.A) NO CHANGEB) the decision was that her mother would not run to be reelectedC) her mother had decided not to run for reelectionD) she decided that she will not run to be reelected9. High school graduates usually do not end up earning as much income as college graduates do, this being why so many high school students go on to pursue college degrees.A) NO CHANGEB) do, this is why so many high school studentsC) do; this fact explains why so many high school studentsD) do; this fact explaining the reason for why so many high school students10. Furthermore, the board offered no evidence to back up it’s claim that such clothing created a negative educational environment.A) NO CHANGEB) they’reC) itsD) ones11. His challenge initiated a review, of students’ rights and administrative responsibility in public education.A) NO CHANGEB) review, of students’ rights,C) review of students’ rightsD) review of students’ rights,12. About halfway through the school year, I learned that the exchange program was looking for a new home for Ligia. After a severe storm, the basement of her hosts house had flooded, leaving two bedrooms unusable.A) NO CHANGEB) her hosts’C) Ligia’s hostsD) Ligias host’s13. We plan the contents of the year’s issues, page by page.A) NO CHANGEB) years issues,C) years issuesD) issue’s for the year,14. Babies first attempts at speech generate excited responses from adults who encourage and guidethe children toward more precise and complex speech.A) NO CHANGEB) Baby’sC) BabysD) Babies’15. It’s also fast, the thousands of Washingtonians who dash from home to work and back sometimes ignore the posted speed limit.A) NO CHANGEB) It’ also fast:C) Its also fast:D) Its also fast,16. The movie Dracula, featuring it’s batlike title character who feeds on human blood, is just one of many sources of people’s erroneous ideas about bats. BA) NO CHANGEB) with itsC) based on its’D) who’s17. Some people believe bats are rodents; others think bats are a kind of bird. AA) NO CHANGEB) rodents, others,C) rodents othersD) rodents and others’18. Roberto Clemente, the Pittsburgh Pirates right fielder from 1955 to 1972, was one of baseballs most gifted athletes.A) NO CHANGEB) one, of baseball’sC) one, of baseballsD) one of baseball’s19. One panel is sewn into the piece’s top border, the other into it’s bottom border. CA) NO CHANGEB) its’C) itsD) their20. Méliès, a French magician, was fascinated by the workings of the new motion picture camera. Specializing in stage illusions, he thought the camera offered potential to expand its spectacular magic productions.A) NO CHANGEB) theirC) hisD) it’sChapter 2. Agreement5. Noun Agreement考点. SN一致1) Noun Agreement in formsE.g.1Today more and more women are becoming doctors, lawyers, engineers, chemists, or other professions.A) or other professionsB) or they work in other professionsC) or at work in other professional fieldsD) or professionals in other fields2) Noun Agreement in contentsE.g.2 Those enrolled in the leadership training courses have evolved into dynamic, confident managers from an inexperienced and uncertain newcomer just a month ago.A) from an inexperienced and uncertain newcomerB) from the inexperienced and uncertain newcomers they wereC) from being inexperienced and uncertain newcomersD) instead of the inexperienced and uncertain newcomers of补充考点：SS一致：Noun Agreement in comparisonE.g.1 Commuters in the 1990s encountered more traffic delays than the 1970s and 1980s.A) thanB) than didC) than the traffic problems ofD) than commuters did in6. Subject－verb Agreement考点1：向前一致S+长串修饰语+V长串修饰语：1.介词短语2.定语从句3.插入语4.形容词短语5.分词短语6.同位语E.g.：A city in northern ChinaA city famous for its beautiful mountainsA city visited by large numbers of celebritiesA city consisting of several prosperous economic zonesA city, home of coffee beansA city, which is famous for its beautiful mountainsE.g.1 French mountain honey made (A) from linden blossoms, which are sometimes called (B) “lime blossoms,” have (C) a distinctively (D) citrus flavor.E.g.2 The regularly scheduled (A) conference between my tutor and me is (B) set for Friday, but my low grades in chemistry requires (C) me to arrange an earlier meeting.重点讲解1: 介词短语：N1+prep+N2结构prep= in/one/by/of/for/with/at/from/to/viaprep phrase=1) A as well as B2) A no less than B3) A rather than B4) A together/along with B5)A except B6) A besides BE.g.1 The loyalty of British families to specific brands of toothpaste have (A) been cited by (B) historians as evidence (C) of the growing influence (D) of advertising during the early twentieth century.*Designates a collection, or group, of individuals: audience, committee, faculty, family, jury, chorus, or government.A list of studentsA collection of toys + V (singular)A line of treesA crowd of visitorsE.g.2 A noisy, unwieldy (A) crowd of onlookers were jostling (B) and milling around (C) at the scene of the accident, impeding (D) the progress of the medical technicians.Pay Attention to“number”A number of + V (plural)The number of + V (singular)重点讲解2: 定语从句S+who/which/that/whose/whom+...+V (V)N1＋介词＋N2+who/which/that/whose/whom+...注意指代对象为N1还是N2重点讲解3: 插入语S，插，VOS—插—VO考点2. 倒装一致：(一) Complete Inversion1. Prep. (+n.) …+V. +S.On the mountain lies a temple.注意是否有逗号：At the end of the year, Ligia went home to Colombia.E.g.2 In the foothills of that large mountain range is (A) the sources of a river whose course (B) was not fully mapped (C) until (D) this century.2. P+LV.+SGone are the days when we often played in the fields together.Absent from school are Tim and David.例题：长难句阅读Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.E.g.2 Inscribed on the wall is(A)the names of those who left (B)their(C)homes in the village to travel (D)to the United State.（二）Incomplete Inversion1. Only + adverbial +helping word + S+VOnly in this city can you see such a beautiful sunset.注意：Only the teachers are allowed to use the room.(only后跟名词不倒装)E.g.1 Air pollution caused by industrial fumes has been studied (A) for years, but (B) only recently has (C) the harmful effects of noise pollution become (D) known.2. Negative words + helping word + S+VNever could I find the picture.3. So+adj. /adv +helping word +S+VSo quickly did he run that no one could get him.4. N./adj. + as +S+VPoor as he was, he was honest.例题：长难句阅读Out of America's fascination with all things antique has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that is bringing back the chaise lounge, the overstuffed sofa, and the claw-footed bathtub.考点补充1. 并列主语Compound SubjectConsists of two or more subjects joined by a coordinating conjunctionand, both…and…Li Lei and Han Meimei are good friends.Seeing and listening are two ways of accepting new information.E.g.1Both her work on community service projects and her dedication to learning (A)has gained (B) Ms. Stevens the respect of (C) the entire (D) faculty.Pay Attention to “each”Each paper and exam contributes to your final grade.The research paper and the final exam each contribute 25 percent toward your final grade.考点补充2. 就近一致1) A or B2)Not A but B3)Either A or B B的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数4) A nor B5)Not only A but also B6) Neither A nor B7) There beE.g.1 Of (A) the two options, neither (B) the system of appointing judges to the bench nor the process of electing (C) judges are (D) entirely satisfactory.There is an apple and two bananas.There are two bananas and an apple.E.g.2 There is (A), in spite of the large bay window and (B) the new floors, many reasons, such as the poor location and the small basement, for (C) Nancy not to buy (D) the house.真题练习：1.On the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), for example, students intending to study philosophy in graduate school has scored higher than students in all but four other majors.A) NO CHANGEB) have scoredC) scoresD) scoring2. This trend, combined with the increasing accessibility of information via the Internet, has led some to claim that librarianship is in decline as a profession.A) NO CHANGEB) haveC) which haveD) which has3. As I walked through the exhibit, I overheard a visitors’ remark,“You know, that grandfather clock actually runs.A) NO CHANGEB) visitors remarking,C) visitor remarked,D) visitor remark4. Like any other health problems, these ailments can increase employee absenteeism, which, in turn, is costly for employers.A) NO CHANGEB) areC) is beingD) have been5. Yet some of the earliest known works of art, including paintings and drawings tens of thousands of years old found on cave walls in Spain and France, portrays animals.A) NO CHANGEB) portrayingC) portrayD) has portrayed6. According to such organizations as the US Environmental Protection Agency, the minute amountsof residue falling within such limits have no negative impact on human health.A) NO CHANGEB) is havingC) has hadD) has7. Not all research into regional English varieties requires such time, effort, and resources, however.A) NO CHANGEB) are requiringC) have requiredD) require8. Proponents of organic food, of course, are quick to add that their are numerous other reasons to buy organic food, such as, a desire to protect the environment from potentially damaging pesticides or a preference for the taste of organically grown foods.A) NO CHANGEB) there areC) there isD) their is补充练习：1. Sui Sin Far and Edith Eaton are both a name (A) used by an early twentieth-century writer whose(B) psychological realism continues to bring (C) her characters to life (D) for today’s readers.2.In the early twentieth century, telephone companies supported (A) the cause of (B) financial independence for women by providing (C) many with respectable jobs as a switchboard operator (D).3. Cino de Mayo, or May 5 , the date of a famous military victory , is celebrated with such an activity as dancing , parades, musical performances, and feasts.A)NO CHANGEB)with an activity such asC)with such activities asD)in such activities like4. Introducing(A) new ideas and replacing old ones(B) are(C) a highly controversial matter , especially when(D) there is already tension between an older and a younger generation.5. The Andes mountain chain, which includes some of the Western Hemisphere’s highest peaks, are much more formidable as barriers to transportation than the Rocky Mountains are.A) NO CHANGEB) are barrier, and much more formidableC) is a much more formidable barrierD) as barriers, are much more formidable6. A significant factor (A) to include in the budget when buying (B) a car are the costs of (C) fuel and maintenance and the insurance payments (D).7. Anne Tyler's novel The Accidental Tourist features (A) a character whose (B) obsession with saving time and money are (C) absurd, yet somehow plausible.8. Peter's seemingly effortless (A) flights, achieved through (B) the use of sophisticated technical equipment, continues (C) to delight those who see the play Peter Pan.9.Critics contend that (A) reforms in welfare has not managed (B) to bring the high percentage of our nation's children living in poverty the economic security that they need (C) to thrive.10. The record left by fossils, the ancient remains of plants and animals, provide (A) scientists with(B) their primary source of (C) information about prehistoric life.11. Available through the school’s guidance office is (A) a job directory and a list of job referral centers that provide (B) information for students in need of (C) employment.12. Mastery of (A) cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques are (B)mandatory for (C) firefighters and police officers as wells as rescue squad volunteers.13. The professor’s insistence on high standards and rigorous examinations are(A) not, despite what students think, part of(B) a plan to withhold high grades from them(C).14. Although the exact cause of type 2 diabetes is unknown, experts say that for some people improper diet and lack of exercise contributes to the onset of the disease.A)exercise contributesB)exercise, they contributeC)exercise contributeD)exercise, contributing15. Many farmers and agronomists believe that the recent boom in crop production—fueled by the intensive use of farmland and increased dependence on herbicides and pesticides-have come with hidden costs.A)NO CHANGEB)hasC)areD)OMIT the underlined portion16.During (A) the night, there is (B) usually two German shepherds at the warehouse to guard against(C) robbery attempts.17. Although the details of the contract has (A) not yet been announced, it is likely that (B) union negotiators accepted the proposed training program for (C) newly hired workers.18. A newly formed organization of homeowners and business people have met with (A) the transportation department to voice (B) its concerns about (C) plans for a shopping mall in the community.19. Freedom of action and expression are (A) at the foundation not only of our system of government but also of our expectations concerning (B) human relations at all (C) Level s of society.20. The newly elected (A) Prime Minister, to the dismay (B) of opponents from other parties, have argued (C) for the strict regulation of campaign financing.21. Biologists working to rescue the giant condor from extinction uses radio telemetry and satellite signals to track banded birds.A) uses radio telemetry and satellite signals to trackB) using radio telemetry and satellite signals to trackC) use radio telemetry and satellite signals to trackD) to track, by use of radio telemetry and satellite signals,22. A soft lullaby and the drumroll of thunder during a summer storm are but two of the diverse sounds that can be perceived by the human ear.A) that can be perceived by the human earB) that is perceived by the human earC) in which the human ear can perceiveD) that they can perceive with the human earthe proposed health clinics and the proposed(D) opportunities.27. The credit for making Franz Kafka internationally(A) famous as a writer belong(B) to his friend,novelist Max Brod, who edited(C) Kafka’s unpublished manuscripts and then(D) had them published, despite Kafka’s dying wishes to the contrary.28.Although the details of the contract has(A) not yet been announced, it is likely that(B) union negotiators accepted the proposed(C) training program for(D) newly hired workers.29. During the night, there is(B) usually two German shepherds at the warehouse to guard against(C) robbery attempts(D).30. Although(A) naturalists have identified six hundred different forms of the corion snail, there is(B) actually no more than(C) two true species within(D) this genus.31. Inscribed on the wall is(A) the names of those who left(B) their(C) homes in the village to travel(D) to the United States.32. A newly formed organization of homeowners and business people have met with(A) the transportation department to voice(B) its concerns about(C) plans for(D) a shopping mall in the community.33. After(A) 140 years under the sea(B), the remains of the Monitor, an ironclad warship that was sunk during the Civil War, is being(C) gradually brought to(D) the surface.34. Innovative use of computers in the classroom allows students to undertake(A) projects that encourages them(B)to be both(C) analytical and intellectually adventurous(D).35. Freedom of action and expression are(A) at the foundation not only of(B) our system of government but also of our expectations concerning(C)human relations at all(D) Level s of society.36. The United States is the world’s largest producer of(A) cranberries and cranberry products, most(B) of which is consumed(C) there and in(D) Canada.37. The uncompromising(A) tone of a recent city hall ordinance concerning(B) the blocking of emergency vehicles in traffic jams carry(C) a stem warning to(D) motorists.38. At the heart of the program, enthusiastically endorsed(A) by the city's business association, is(B) plans for refurbishing neighborhoods and for making(C) low, interest mortgages available to(D) young families.39. The candidate called for medical insurance reform, but to me he seemed less interested in the plight of uninsured citizens than in(B) whether enough is(C) registered(D) to vote.40. The newly elected(A) Prime Minister, to the dismay(B) of opponents from other parties, haveargued(C) for the strict regulation of(D) campaign financing.41. The historic Woodacre building, which house(A) several university departments, was demolished to make(B)room for(C) a parking lot, dismaying alumni who had supported(D) the university for decades.42. Only by tapping(A) their last reserves of energy was(B) the team members able to salvage(C)what was beginning(D) to look like a lost cause.43. Air pollution caused by industrial fumes has been studied (A) for years, but (B) only recently has(C) the harmful effects of noise pollution become (D) known.46. Absent from(A) the speech were(B) any mention of the students and laboratory technicians upon whose(C)contributions the chemist had depended heavily(D).47. Never before had(A) a group of artists been so isolated(B) from society and from(C) official patronage as was(D)the so-called Impressionists.48. The grooved and barbed spears of the box jellyfish, each(A) trailed by(B) a poison thread, is released(C) when(D)the animal is threatened.49. Waterways close to land poses(A) challenges to navigation that differ(B)greatly from(C)those(D) posed by the openseas.Chapter3.Verb8. Tense1. Simple past(did)an action occurs in the pastTime range: recently, yesterday, ago, in+过去时间，last year；E.g. I work in a travel agency now. I worked in a shop last year.E.g.1 Dr. Chien-Shiung Wu has disproved a widely accepted theory of physics when she showed that identical nuclear particles do not always act alike.A) as disprovedB) having disprovedC) disprovedD) disprovesE.g.2 As I entered the Pantheon, a building that has existed in Rome since ancient times, my brother is turning to me to whisper that the great rotunda of the Pantheon was a haven of peace and harmony.A) is turning to me to whisperB) turned to me and whisperedC) turns and also whispers to meD) would turn and whisper to me。
语法讲义第一讲导论
语法讲义第一讲1.语法层次与句子结构、基本句型1-1.语法的定义：语法研究词的变化和句子结构的科学。
研究词变化的部分称为词法.Morphology.如名词的数、格。
动词的时态语态。
研究句子结构的部分称为句法Syntax.如句子的成分、语序、句子的种类。
词法与句法的关系---区别与联系。
语法指遣词造句的规律，但离不开词汇。
语法体现在词汇中，而词汇受语法的制约。
语法层次现代英语语法的内容包括下列七个层次.doc1-2.语法的作用：学习词汇主要是加强感性认识，学语法是要提高理性认识。
在加强语言理解力或使用能力方面语法都可以发挥重要作用。
正确的使用语法是：10%的知识或信息，90%的实践。
第一.词法2-词的分类：要弄清句子成分应由哪类词担任，分清词类非常重要。
如：主语，宾语多有名词担任；谓语多有动词担任；定语常有形容词担任；状语多有副词担任；词分为10大类：2-1．名词：表示人、物或地方等，如：John，teacher；table，pen；London；beauty．2-2．代词：用来代替名词，以避免重复某个名词，如：I，you，it，that，those，them．2-3．形容词：用来修饰或限制某个（些）名词，如：good（man），white（paper），every（book），much（water），被修饰或限制的名词，叫做主体词（head-word）。
2-4．动词：表示行为或状态，如：speak，read，go，think，is，seem．2-5．介词：表示它后面的名词（或代词）跟它前面的动词、另一名词或形容词的关系。
这些名词（或代词）称为介词的宾语。
介词宾语和介词构成介词短语。
The book on the desk is mine．（介词on把名词book和另一名词desk联系起来）He is sure of it．他对此很有把握。
（of联系it和sure．）It is good for you．这对你有好处。
SAT语法学习讲义
SAT语法学习讲义SAT语法学习讲义修辞倒装1.在以never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom, not only, not until, nor, little, nowhere, hardly….when, no sooner….than, by no means, under no circumstances 等开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。
这些都是表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组。
例如：Never have I come across such a difficult problem. 我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题。
Seldom do I read such magazines. 我很少读这种杂志。
No sooner had they left than the bus arrived. 他们刚走，公共汽车就来了。
2.在以"only+状语"开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。
这里only后面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状语从句，这是关键。
否则就不倒装。
例如：Only after the war was over was man able to realize the wickedness of the atomic bomb. 只是在战争结束后人类才意识到原子弹的可恶。
(注意：only 引导的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装。
) Only then did I realize the importance of English. 只在那时我才意识到英语的重要性。
Only in this way can we improve ourselves. 只有用这种方法我们才能不断提高自己。
Only after you finish it can you leave. 只有结束它以后，你才能离开。
(主句倒装) 注意：Only 如不在句首，或only 修饰的不是状语，则不倒装。
新动SAT语法讲义
SAT 语法部分简介语法部分属于SAT reasoning test 中得写作(writing)板块,与essay writing 分值一起组成写作板块得总分。
SAT语法之所以被划分在Writing Skills当中,就是因为它实际就是考查考生对英语得标准书面语(Standard Written English)得掌握程度,并非琐碎复杂得语法知识,SAT语法规则有时与我们通常所学得语法书上得知识点有所出入,规则也不尽相同。
其考试题型与考试重点也与中国得语法题目大相径庭。
因此SAT得语法具有特殊性,它追求得就是“好得语法”,就是恰当得,最符合英语国家文化传统与语言习惯得用法。
SAT得语法规则,也就就是像OG当中所阐述得那样,就是一种“the rules of good written English”,具有准确,清晰,简洁得特点,杜绝口语化、模糊与冗余得表达。
表现在做题方面,不仅仅会考到您就是否能判断这个句子正确与否,而且会考到这个句子就是否有效与简洁。
这就大大提升了题目得难度。
比如说有些句子在TOEFL中就是对得,但就是在SAT语法里面就就是错误得,因为它不够简洁有效。
整个语法部分包括三种题型:ISE(Identifying sentence errors,即挑错题)、IS(Improving sentences,即句子改进题)、IP(Improving paragraphs,即段落改进题),所有题目均为五选一。
SAT语法部分得49个选择题分布在两个section,其中 ISE(句子挑错题)18 小题、IS(句子改进题)25 小题、IP(段落改进题)6 小题。
三种题型所考查得侧重点各不相同,从OG与真题上对各部分考试目得与内容得解析中可以得出这一点。
如在 ISE得介绍中,对考生得要求就是“The ability to recognize grammar and usage errors”,强调语法与固定用法得使用就是否正确;而IS对考生得要求则变成了“the ability to recognize and write clear, effective and accurate sentences”,从语法知识转移到了清晰,准确,简洁得表达方式。
SAT语法讲义（完整版）
SAT语法讲义（完整版）SAT语法讲义Identifying Sentence Errors一、主谓一致1. 就前原则(1) N1 of N2 verb（SAT考试中动词的单复数与N1有关，与N2无关）如：a group of students arethe details of the problems are例：The bright (A) fiberglass sculptures of Luis Jimenez has received (B) critical acclaim not only (C) in his home state, New Mexico, but also in (D) New York.No error (E). (P161.1)(2) 名词1+介词+名词2 如：students in the classroom名词，插入语，verb名词+doing/done 如：students studying hard例：Flints found in (A) the region extending from the Nile Valley to (B) the highlands of eastern Iraq attests to (C) the presence of people there as long ago as (D) one hundred thousand years. No error (E). (P166.3)2.“欲擒故纵”法动词单复数做题基本原则是就前原则，如果句子太长、太难、太复杂时，用“欲擒故纵”法。
3.动词单复数的特殊固定用法(1) a number of 一些；一般情况下其后动词用复数，（不受任何规律限制）；the number of …的数量；其后的动词在任何情况下都用单数。
量词考点：a group/list/line of 使用“就前原则”(2) 倒装结构：就后原则。
(完整word版)新动SAT语法讲义
SAT 语法部分简介语法部分属于SAT reasoning test 中的写作（writing)板块，与essay writing 分值一起组成写作板块的总分。
SAT语法之所以被划分在Writing Skills当中,是因为它实际是考查考生对英语的标准书面语(Standard Written English）的掌握程度,并非琐碎复杂的语法知识，SAT 语法规则有时和我们通常所学的语法书上的知识点有所出入，规则也不尽相同.其考试题型和考试重点也与中国的语法题目大相径庭。
因此SAT的语法具有特殊性，它追求的是“好的语法",是恰当的，最符合英语国家文化传统与语言习惯的用法。
SAT的语法规则，也就是像OG当中所阐述的那样，是一种“the rules of good written English”，具有准确，清晰，简洁的特点，杜绝口语化、模糊和冗余的表达。
表现在做题方面，不仅仅会考到你是否能判断这个句子正确与否，而且会考到这个句子是否有效和简洁.这就大大提升了题目的难度。
比如说有些句子在TOEFL 中是对的,但是在SAT语法里面就是错误的，因为它不够简洁有效。
整个语法部分包括三种题型：ISE（Identifying sentence errors，即挑错题)、IS(Improving sentences,即句子改进题）、IP(Improving paragraphs，即段落改进题），所有题目均为五选一。
SAT语法部分的49个选择题分布在两个section,其中 ISE（句子挑错题）18 小题、IS（句子改进题)25 小题、IP(段落改进题）6 小题.三种题型所考查的侧重点各不相同，从OG和真题上对各部分考试目的和内容的解析中可以得出这一点.如在 ISE的介绍中,对考生的要求是“The ability to recognize grammar and usage errors"，强调语法和固定用法的使用是否正确；而IS对考生的要求则变成了“the ability to recognize and write clear, effective and accurate sentences"，从语法知识转移到了清晰，准确，简洁的表达方式。
赛达语法入门基础知识介绍
SAT语法入门基础知识介绍SAT语法题出现的位置：语法部分属于SAT中的写作(writing)板块，与短文写作分值一起组成写作板块的总分。
SAT语法的题型：语法部分有三个题型，分别为改错题 (Identifying sentence errors)，共18题、句子改进题(Improving sentences)，共25小题、和段落改进题(Improving paragraphs)，共6小题，所有题目均为五选一。
改错题，句子改进题和段落改进题测试学生的语法知识，要求能够提出不地道或不正确语法用法。
在改错题的部分，学生必须找到这个句子产生错误的来源，或选择该句没有错误这个选项，不需要改动原句。
句子改进题更难，要求学生选择一个可接受的解决方案，来消除原句错误或笨拙得用法。
段落改进题测试学生的的逻辑思维和对于段落结构的理解，原文是一段写得不好的学生作文，要求考生提出一系列问题以最大程度的改进原文的结构和思路。
由上述可见，所谓的SAT语法题并不是中国学生原本认为的四选一的语法题，和高考的题型模式也有很大的不同。
当然，所涉及的知识大都中国学生在九年制义务教育中学过的。
SAT语法知识点：SAT语法部分的重点知识包括：(1)主谓一致(尤其是倒装时);(2)逻辑主语(即分词位于句首的情况);(3)时态; (4)人称代词(单数和复数，第一人称和第三人称，主格和宾格);(5)比较级; (6)形容词和副词; (7)句子的整体结构(包括并列句，主从句，省略句)。
所以，对于中国学生来说，要攻克SAT语法的难点在于熟悉题型和美国式语法题的解体方法。
这首先需要经过培训，以了解SAT语法考试的重点和解体思路，之后需要学生经过大量的练习，只有通过练习才能将教师上课讲到的重点融会贯通，将语法题的解题方法自己“悟”出来，确保能在短时间内就敏锐地察觉到题目的错误点。
这看似很难，但却是通过培训和练习可以做到的，而且大部分的SAT高分获得者也确实是这么做的。
sat语法知识点
sat语法知识点SAT 语法知识点在准备 SAT 考试的过程中，语法部分是相当重要的一个环节。
掌握好SAT 语法的知识点，不仅能够帮助我们在考试中取得更好的成绩，还能提升我们实际的英语语言运用能力。
首先，让我们来谈谈句子结构。
一个完整的句子必须包含主语和谓语。
主语是句子所描述的主要对象，而谓语则是对主语动作或状态的描述。
例如，“The dog runs fast”中，“The dog”是主语，“runs”是谓语。
同时，我们要注意避免句子成分残缺或者多余的情况。
比如，“Because she was sick, so she stayed at home”这个句子就是错误的，因为“Because”和“so”不能同时使用，应该去掉其中一个。
接下来是标点符号的使用。
逗号在 SAT 语法中有着重要的作用。
在列举事物时，要用逗号将各项隔开，例如，“I like apples, bananas,and oranges”在复合句中，如果两个独立的句子之间没有连接词，就不能用逗号直接连接，比如，“I went to the store, I bought some milk”是错误的，应该加上连接词“and”。
还有主谓一致的问题。
这要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
当主语是复数时，谓语动词也要用复数形式；主语是单数时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
比如，“The books are on the shelf”和“He plays football every day”时态也是 SAT 语法的一个重要考点。
常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等等。
要根据句子所表达的时间来选择正确的时态。
比如，“I saw him yesterday”使用的是一般过去时，而“He has lived here for five years”使用的是现在完成时。
另外，代词的使用也有讲究。
代词要与其所指代的名词在数和性上保持一致。
SAT语法ppt课件
Time Allotted
Numbers of Questions
65 minutes
52
35 minutes
44
50 minutes
1
80 minutes
58
230 minutes (with essay) 155(with essay)
精选版课件ppt
4
SAT算分规则
作文不算分 阅读与语法：800
B) In fact, many librarians, whose training now includes courses on research and Internet search methods, teach classes in Internet navigation, database and software use, and digital information literacy.
1. 句子结构要正确（造句的两大原则） 2. 句子间的语义逻辑要正确 3. 句子要简洁
D) summer and this evidence follows
精选版课件ppt
21
In fact, librarians’ training now includes courses on research and Internet search methods. Many of whom teach classes in Internet navigation, database and software use, and digital information literacy.
Which choice most effectively combines the underlined sentences?
sat语法知识点
sat语法知识点嘿，朋友！咱今儿就来好好聊聊 SAT 语法这档子事儿。
你知道不，SAT 语法就像是一座神秘的城堡，里面藏着好多宝贝知识呢！比如说句子结构，这就好比是房子的框架，要是框架歪了，这房子能结实吗？主谓宾得安排得明明白白，不然句子读起来就像没头的苍蝇，乱撞一气。
再说说标点符号，那可真是小不点大作用。
逗号、句号、分号，它们就像是交通信号灯，指挥着句子的节奏和停顿。
要是用错了，那意思可就全变啦！这就好比你在路上开车，信号灯乱了，不得乱套嘛！还有词性这一块儿，名词、动词、形容词、副词，它们各有各的职责。
名词是主角，动词是动作担当，形容词和副词就是给主角化妆打扮的。
要是搞混了，那不就像让主角穿着小丑的衣服去演英雄，怎么看都别扭！语法错误的识别和改正也是重点。
像主谓不一致，那简直就是两个人跳舞却各踩各的节拍；时态混乱呢，就像是一会儿在古代，一会儿又跑到未来，能不乱吗？修饰语的使用也有讲究。
恰当的修饰语能让句子像盛开的花朵一样美丽，不恰当的就像给花朵涂了乱七八糟的颜色，丑得很。
说到这儿，你可能会问啦，那怎么才能把这些知识点都掌握好呢？告诉你，多做练习题就像多锻炼肌肉，让你对这些知识点越来越熟悉，越来越得心应手。
多读优秀的文章，就像跟高手过招，能学到人家的技巧和精髓。
可别小看 SAT 语法，它可不是随便就能糊弄过去的。
掌握好了，能让你的文章条理清晰，表达准确，就像一个训练有素的士兵，步伐整齐，动作规范。
要是没掌握好，那写出来的东西就像一锅乱炖，让人摸不着头脑。
所以啊，朋友，好好下功夫，把 SAT 语法这座城堡里的宝贝都收入囊中，让自己在考试中大放异彩！加油吧！。
SAT语法知识点汇集(一)
SAT语法知识点汇集（一）SAT考试不可或缺的另一个科目就是SAT语法，也是考生失分最为严重的一项。
针对这种情况，文都国际教育小编为各位考生整理了SAT语法考试知识点，希望大家在备考阶段能够着重掌握。
SAT语法知识点汇集：1. single在表达“只，仅仅”的时候，往往使用否定结构(not a single)。
2. SAT改进句子(IS)中，正确答案不能改变原句句意。
同时实意词(名词/动词/形容词/副词)不能随意省略，添加或者替换。
3. SAT不喜欢“something is why+从句.”的结构。
4. SAT不喜欢“名词/代词+doing/having done/being done”的结构。
5. being在SAT文法中98%是错的。
(必错情况：①being+n②being+adj③as being+n/adj/V.ing)放在句首有可能正确，要慎选。
6. 动词不定式(to do)不能做谓语。
7. 在所有名词性从句中，只有宾语从句的that可以省略。
(慎用，另说不能省)8. and和also不能连用。
Also置于句末必错。
9. and优于as well as。
10. whereas(conj.然而，鉴于，反之)是连词，前面不应该有分号。
11. yet做连词，连接两个具有意义的句子，也可不做连词。
12. 在SAT中，当对一本书，一幅画或某件艺术作品的内容进行解释时，倾向于使用定语从句的主要动词用一般现在时。
13. 在SAT中主动语态优于被动语态，除了固定搭配中的被动语态。
(当report，believe，claim，estimate，find，know，assume动作发出者是人时，该条不适用。
)直接表达比间接更为简洁。
E.g. there be < it is.14. where本身就是介词加which的简化，所以where前不可加介词。
15. having done只能放在句首表原因(doing可以放在句末表示解释或者结果)，一旦看到having done不在句首可以认为是错的。
SAT基础班语法讲义
SAT基础语法讲义一语法section 简介SAT语法隶属于写作部分，由三部分构成：ISE(Identifying Sentence Errors), IS(Improving Sentences)和IP(Improving Paragraphs)。
分值分布是：ISE-18道，IS-25道， IP-6道，其中的IS和IP部分是新的题型，在国内的考试和国外常见的考试里都没有见到过，也是很多考生提高成绩的瓶颈之处。
二 SAT常考语法体系：1，主谓一致。
尤其用于倒装时，比如there be句型或地点状语至于句首，要找到真正的主语；有插入语时，要勇敢的抛弃非中心部分，找到真正的主语；主谓一致还会出现在一些固定用法中，但是一般比较简单，比如neither nor或者not only but also等等。
2，逻辑主语，当分词或者形容词放在句首，一定要考虑它的主语问题。
3，时态的混用，常出的错误是：have＋过去式，过去完成时和一般过去式混用，现在完成时和一般过去式的混用。
4，名词和代词，常常名词单复数混淆，男女混淆，主格宾格混淆；也会在their、it和they之间指代不明；关于指代，跨段之间不能指代，it不能指代整个句子，只能指代一个名词或动作，one和they不能相互指代，one 和you也不能相互指代；this不能单独充当主语和宾语。
5，同类比较，只有同类的东西才能用于as well as和than句型。
EG：The population of China is larger than that of America.6，adj和adv的混用：adj修饰名词，adv可以修饰除名词外的大部分词。
Adj和adv两者之间用比较级，三者或三者以上用最高级。
7，句子结构上，“，”不能连接两个句子，“；”等于and，必须连接两个句子；且一个长句中，谓语动词和连接词的数目要平衡。
Tips：1，having，being放在句中是错误的，放在句首是正确的。
SAT基础班语法讲义
SAT基础语法讲义一语法section 简介SAT语法隶属于写作部份，由三部份组成：ISE(Identifying Sentence Errors), IS(Improving Sentences)和IP(Improving Paragraphs)。
分值散布是：ISE-18道，IS-25道，IP-6道，其中的IS和IP部份是新的题型，在国内的考试和国外常见的考试里都没有见到过，也是很多考生提高成绩的瓶颈的地址。
二SAT常考语法体系：1，主谓一致。
尤其用于倒装时，比如there be句型或地址状语至于句首，要找到真正的主语；有插入语时，要勇敢的抛弃非中心部份，找到真正的主语；主谓一致还会出此刻一些固定用法中，可是一样比较简单，比如neither nor或not only but also等等。
2，逻辑主语，当分词或形容词放在句首，必然要考虑它的主语问题。
3，时态的混用，常出的错误是：have＋过去式，过去完成时和一样过去式混用，此刻完成时和一样过去式的混用。
4，名词和代词，常常名词单复数混淆，男女混淆，主格宾格混淆；也会在their、it和they之间指代不明；关于指代，跨段之间不能指代，it不能指代整个句子，只能指代一个名词或动作，one和they不能彼此指代，one和you也不能彼此指代；this不能单独充当主语和宾语。
5，同类比较，只有同类的东西才能用于as well as和than句型。
EG：The population of China is larger than that of America.6，adj和adv的混用：adj修饰名词，adv能够修饰除名词外的大部份词。
Adj和adv二者之间用比较级，三者或三者以上用最高级。
7，句子结构上，“，”不能连接两个句子，“；”等于and，必需连接两个句子；且一个长句中，谓语动词和连接词的数量要平稳。
Tips：1，having，being放在句中是错误的，放在句首是正确的。
新东方SAT语法教案
新东方SAT语法教案PPT第一章：SAT语法概述1.1 课程简介介绍SAT语法课程的目标和内容强调SAT语法的重要性1.2 SAT语法考试形式和结构解析SAT语法考试的题型和分值分布举例说明考试中常见的题型和难点1.3 新东方SAT语法教学方法介绍新东方SAT语法教学的特色和方法强调个性化辅导和学生参与的重要性第二章：句子结构与句子成分2.1 句子结构的基本概念解释主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语的概念强调句子结构的重要性2.2 句子成分的识别和运用练习识别句子中的各个成分分析句子成分在句子中的功能和作用2.3 句子结构的常见错误列举常见的句子结构错误类型分析错误的原因并提供修改方法第三章：时态与语态3.1 时态的基本概念和分类解释一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等概念强调时态在句子中的表达作用3.2 语态的基本概念和分类解释主动语态、被动语态等概念分析语态在句子中的表达作用3.3 时态和语态的运用和错误分析练习运用时态和语态进行句子表达分析常见的时态和语态错误并提供修改方法第四章：主谓一致4.1 主谓一致的基本概念解释主谓一致的原则和规则强调主谓一致在句子中的重要性4.2 主谓一致的运用和错误分析练习正确运用主谓一致进行句子表达分析常见的主谓一致错误并提供修改方法4.3 特殊情况下主谓一致的运用介绍特殊情况下主谓一致的规则和例外练习并掌握特殊情况下主谓一致的运用第五章：名词和代词5.1 名词的基本概念和分类解释名词的种类和作用强调名词在句子中的重要性5.2 代词的基本概念和分类解释代词的种类和作用强调代词在句子中的重要性5.3 名词和代词的运用和错误分析练习正确运用名词和代词进行句子表达分析常见的名词和代词错误并提供修改方法第六章：形容词和副词6.1 形容词的基本概念和分类解释形容词的种类和作用强调形容词在句子中的重要性6.2 副词的基本概念和分类解释副词的种类和作用强调副词在句子中的重要性6.3 形容词和副词的运用和错误分析练习正确运用形容词和副词进行句子表达分析常见的形容词和副词错误并提供修改方法第七章：平行结构7.1 平行结构的基本概念解释平行结构的原则和规则强调平行结构在句子中的重要性7.2 平行结构的运用和错误分析练习正确运用平行结构进行句子表达分析常见的平行结构错误并提供修改方法7.3 特殊情况下平行结构的运用介绍特殊情况下平行结构的规则和例外练习并掌握特殊情况下平行结构的运用第八章：逻辑关系8.1 逻辑关系的基本概念解释逻辑关系的原则和规则强调逻辑关系在句子和段落中的重要性8.2 逻辑关系的运用和错误分析练习正确运用逻辑关系进行句子和段落表达分析常见的逻辑关系错误并提供修改方法8.3 特殊情况下逻辑关系的运用介绍特殊情况下逻辑关系的规则和例外练习并掌握特殊情况下逻辑关系的运用第九章：句子改写9.1 句子改写的目的和重要性解释句子改写的作用和目的强调句子改写对提高语法能力的重要性9.2 句子改写的方法和技巧介绍句子改写的常见方法和技巧练习并掌握句子改写的能力9.3 句子改写的练习和错误分析提供句子改写的练习题目分析常见的句子改写错误并提供修改方法第十章：综合练习与提高10.1 综合练习的目的和重要性解释综合练习的作用和目的强调综合练习对提高语法能力的重要性10.2 综合练习的题型和技巧介绍综合练习的题型和解答技巧练习并掌握综合练习的能力10.3 综合练习的练习和错误分析提供综合练习的题目分析常见的综合练习错误并提供修改方法第十一章：标点符号和大小写11.1 标点符号的基本规则介绍英文标点符号的种类和用法强调标点符号在句子中的重要性11.2 大小写的基本规则解释英文大小写的规则和例外强调大小写在单词和句子中的重要性11.3 标点符号和大小写的运用和错误分析练习正确运用标点符号和大小写进行句子表达分析常见的标点符号和大小写错误并提供修改方法第十二章：阅读理解和语法应用12.1 阅读理解与语法的关系解释阅读理解与语法之间的联系强调提高阅读理解能力对语法学习的重要性12.2 语法在阅读理解中的应用分析语法知识在阅读理解中的具体应用练习运用语法知识提高阅读理解能力12.3 阅读理解和语法应用的练习和错误分析提供阅读理解和语法应用的练习题目分析常见的练习错误并提供修改方法第十三章：写作技巧和策略13.1 写作技巧的重要性解释写作技巧在SAT写作中的作用和重要性强调写作技巧对提高写作能力的重要性13.2 写作技巧和策略的介绍介绍SAT写作中的常见技巧和策略练习并掌握写作技巧和策略13.3 写作技巧和策略的练习和错误分析提供写作技巧和策略的练习题目分析常见的练习错误并提供修改方法第十四章：模拟试题和解析14.1 模拟试题的目的和重要性解释模拟试题的作用和目的强调模拟试题对提高考试能力的重要性14.2 模拟试题的解答和分析提供模拟试题并进行解答和分析分析常见的试题错误并提供修改方法14.3 模拟试题的练习和反馈提供模拟试题的练习题目对学生的练习进行反馈和指导第十五章：总结与复习15.1 课程内容的总结回顾整个课程的主要内容和知识点强调重点和难点15.2 复习和巩固提供复习材料和练习题目帮助学生巩固和加强所学的语法知识15.3 复习和巩固的练习和错误分析提供复习和巩固的练习题目分析常见的练习错误并提供修改方法重点和难点解析句子结构与句子成分：理解主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语的概念，以及它们在句子中的功能和作用。
SAT标准讲义(完整版)
IE考点归纳
动词：主谓一致
① 对于正常语序的主谓一致，需要注意一下敏感的动词，比如：当题中出现 动词/助动词 has/have 及系动词 am/is/are/was/were 时，要优先注意其 主语（助动词has/have及系动词属于敏感考点）
The field of consumer electronics have been never been fixed; DVDs
2. Between the small shops and boutiques of Greenwich Village and the
giant department stores of midtown Manhattan lie the ethnically varied residential neighborhood of Chelsea. No error （完全倒装：介宾完全倒装） 3. Also supported by the commission was the proposed health clinics and the proposed center to distribute information on job-training
IE考点归纳
动词：虚拟语气
② 出现特征：动词引导的虚拟语气
表示建议：recommend, suggest, advice 表示要求：insist, demand, request 表示命令：command, order
例：
In trying to capture the essence of a portrait, the artist
touring the capitol’s sights. No error
SAT语法课件--打印版
SAT随堂讲义一“六见”1 见到代词找指代指代通常有问题2 见到动词找主语主谓一致看状语3 见到非谓找逻主搭配通常不合理4 见到平行找结构形式功能要对称5 见到比较找对象对象通常不可比6 见到连词找混连混连无误找逻辑二“八点”（一）代词：见到代词找指代指代通常有1单复数2主格宾格3反身代词不可做主语4 泛指5特指6 which7 跨段不可指代（二）主谓一致动词：见到动词找主语主谓一致看状语五点原则：1语法一致2意义一致3就近原则4就远原则5固定搭配两点特殊注意A 倒装句：B 插入语（三）动词时态：动词：见到动词找主语主谓一致看状语1 客观性：客观事实真理名人名言谚语回忆录自传文学评论2 一致性：上下文和时间状语3隐含性：:first/early/originated/previous/ Former（四）非谓语：见到非谓找逻主搭配通常不合理To doDoingDoneHaving done to doAfter /since/before doing SVO，doing同位语doneAdj(五)平行：见到平行找结构形式功能要对称平行标志：Or/ either ..or…/ neither..nor/ Both..andNot only ….but also…./ not ..but…../Rather than / instead of From …to…..（时间地点等都可以）/ from…until (仅仅指时间) （六）比较：见到比较找对象对象通常不可比比较标志/标准/对象比较标志：1 as…..as…. not as…as not so…as2 than more than less than3 compare..with…. / compare…to…./ contrast..with4 differ from…../ different from5 the same …as…/ be equal to / be equivalent to/ equal6 outnumber/ outweigh(七)连词：见到连词找混连混连无误找逻辑Run-onFragment（八）As 的用法状语从句定语从句介词副词。
SAT考试常见语法讲解
SAT考试常见语法讲解SAT语法的重要性：1，学生基础好2，短期内可以迅速提高3，从抓分角度来说相对重要解题步骤：1,读题时分析句子结构，找出句子的主干，即主语中心语，谓语，和宾语中心语；2,读题时联系常考语法点思考划线部分的语法知识是否正确；3,ABCD四个选项一定要看全，然后再选择答案。
主谓一致解题思想：谓语只与主语的中心词有关，而与其前后的修饰成分无关。
解题方法：抛弃主语前后的修饰成分，找到核心词。
(1)n1 of n2 .一般情况下中心词在n1上，谓语的单复数由n1决定；one of n . sculptures of LM.(2)倒装结构中的主谓一致。
1）there+be+n.;there be A and B. 由A 决定2) only在句首引起倒装。
主语太长引起倒装。
避免头重脚轻。
表示地点和范围的介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词是系动词，引起倒装：Among the resons are A,B and C.(3)一个主语从句的谓语用单数，两个主语从句并列用复数。
(4)each of +Ns+Vs. Ns+each+V.(5)物质名词和学科名词+Vs. statistics(统计学/统计数据)(6)A or B .not A but B . not only A but also B . either A or B . neither A nor B.由B 决定。
(7)A with B . A including B . A as well as B .A,toghter with B . A along with B . A besidesB . A except B.随前一致。
(8)rest/most/some/half/50 percent +of n(单用单，复用复)(9)a baby of/an array of/a series of/a collection of/a set of +Ns+Vs.(10)the number of/a number of(11)n1 of n2 that +Ve. g one of the students that comes/come from China(12)习惯用法：knife and fork +Vs . husband and wife .平行结构：概念：平衡连接词连接的几个形式对称、功能相同部分的结构。