高考英语现在完成时易错剖析

高考英语现在完成时易错剖析

一、单项选择现在完成时

1．—How much do you know about the Winter Olympic Games to be held in Beijing?

—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.

A．cover B．have covered

C．would cover D．covered

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态。句意：——关于将在北京举办的冬奥会你了解多少？——嗯，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道。根据句意可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调过去的事情对现在的影响还存在。故C正确。

2．Although she is only 16 years old, she ______ to drugs for two years.

A．addicts B．had been addicted

C．has addicted D．has been addicted

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时态和固定搭配。句意：虽然她只有16岁，但她已经沉迷于毒品两年了。结合句意可知，这里是指到现在为止已经两年了，与现在有关系，用现在完成时态；be addicted to沉迷于---，故选D。

3．Commercial and recreational fishing _______ population sizes and also made individuals smaller, since big fish _______ and smaller ones thrown back.

A．decreased; kept B．had decreased; are kept

C．has decreased; keep D．has decreased; are kept

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语big fish与keep是被动关系，故答案为D。

4．— Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good.

— I one. Thank you just the same.

A．have had B．had C．would have D．will have

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——你想喝杯茶吗?味道很好。——我已经喝过了，我仍然谢谢你。结合句意可知此处用现在完成时态，故选A。

5．The Chinese women’s volleyball team won the gold medal at the Rio Olympics, which is the third time the team Olympic gold.

A．claimed B．has claimed

C．has been claiming D．had claimed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句型：it is the+序数词+time that从句，从句谓语动词要使用现在完成时。claim有权利要求得到，与主语the team为主谓关系，应用主动语态。句意：中国女排在里约奥运会上获得了金牌，这是第三次团队获得奥运金牌。故选B。

6．More and more cancer patients _________ in hospital owing to polluted environment and people’s bad lifestyles.

A．treated B．have treated

C．have been treated D．had been treated

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：由于被污染了的环境和人们糟糕的生活方式，越来越多的癌症病人正在医院里接受治疗。本句主语more and more cancer patients与动词treat构成被动关系，要使用被动语态；而且很多病人接受治疗是已经发生的事情，要用完成时表示，所以本句使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选择C项。

7．The boy pretended ______ asleep when his father came back.

A．to fall B．to have fallen

C．to be falling D．have fallen

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和时态。句意：他的父亲回来时，这个男孩假装睡着了。pretend to do sth.假装做某事，该句型是固定句型。表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，用现在完成时，故选B。

8．The Greens _____ China for five years.

A．has been in B．have been in

C．went to D．has gone to

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：Green一家人来中国已经五年了。时间状语for five years表明用现在完成时，The Greens作主语时，谓语动词用复数，而且接一段时间要用have been in，故B项正确。

9．How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.

A．to has come B．having come

C．to having come D．has come

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查句子结构分析和谓语动词。句意：我们是多么的快乐啊！我们一直所期望的假期终于来了。句中we have been looking forward to我们一直所期望的，作the holiday的定语，故整个句子应当为The holiday has come at last。故选A。

10．Ever since he left school, he ______ becoming a professor in that famous university. A．has never dreamed of B．had never dreamed of

C．didn’t dream of D．was not dreaming of

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：自从他离开学校以来，他从来没有梦想成为那所著名大学的教授。此处since“自从---以来”，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态，故选A。

【点睛】

1.Since自从---以来（可做介词和连词），和现在完成时态连用。

He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里，就一直在这里住着。

2.It is /has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。自从做某事有多长时间了。

在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词，则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了；如果从句的动作是持续性动词，则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。It is three years since he joined (终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了；It is five years since he lived（持续性动词）here.他离开这有五年了。

11．— When will the professor come and give the lecture on the spirits of contracts?

— Not until our program ________ by our school.

A．approves B．will be approved C．is to approve D．has been approved