“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
●“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。

在此结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，尤其在口语中。

如：
1) Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking?
= Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher was talking to?
2) The school (that/which) my brother once studied in is very famous.
= The school in which my brother once studied is very famous.
●要确定关系代词前用什么介词，可以根据：（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。

如：My mother missed her best friend with whom she worked in her youth.
The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
●listen to, depend on, pay attention to, take care of,
look for, look after, look at等固定短语，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。

如：
This is the old lady whom Harold has taken care of.
●“介词+关系代词”前有some，any，none，neither，both，all，most，each，few等代词或者数词时，可构成由“名词（代词、数词）+ of + which / whom”来引导的定语从句。

如：
There are thirty students in our class in all, most of whom are from villages.
现在，我们再来看一看这几道高考题。

1. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007 重庆卷)
A. with which
B. to which
C. of which
D. for which
2. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. (2005 天津卷)
A. that
B. whose
C. those
D. what
3. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run
back in the direction ______ she had come. (2006 重庆卷)
A. of which
B. by which
C. in which
D. from which
4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ______ wanted to buy it. (2007 安徽卷)
A. none of them
B. both of them
C. none of whom
D. neither of whom
【点拨】
第一题中，名词degree常和介词to搭配使用，表示“到……程度”故选B。

第二题中先行词effects 和floods 是所属关系，故选B，从而构成了介词+ whose引导的定语从句。

第三题中动词come常和from连用，表示“从……地方来”，故选D。

第四题是属于“名词（代词、数词）+ of + which / whom”结构来引导的定语从句，故选D。

【高考链接】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____
he found a job in a big company.
(2007辽宁卷)
A. after that
B. after which
C. after it
D. after this
2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东卷) A. in which B. by which C. which D. that
3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南卷)
A. to which
B. to whom
C. with whom
D. with which
4. I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江卷)
A. of that
B. of which
C. that
D. which
5. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop _____ to produce the workings of his own hands.
(2005湖南卷)
A. that
B. in which
C. by which
D. how
【小试】
一、根据句子意思，在下列句子的第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个空白处填入关系代词whom或which。

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the headmaster that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing is mine.
3. Hillary, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ I was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the civil war, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
二、选用适当的关系代词(who, which, whose, that)或关系副词(when, where, why)填空。

7. Do you know anyone ________ knows about the history of the pyramids?
8. We have visited the Museum of Chinese History,
________ Chairman Mao’s life and deeds are being shown.
9. We’ll never forget the day ________ my friends came to see me in hospital.
10. This is the man ________ son died in the war.
11. I don’t know the reason ________ she didn’t agree to our study plan.
【高考链接】 1. B 2. A 3.B 4.B 5.B
【小试】 1. to whom 2. with which 3. with whom
4. about which
5. in which
6. of which
7-11. who; where; when; whose; why。