高英张汉熙版第三版2paraphrase答案+原句

Unit 1 Pub Talk and the King’s English
1.And it is an activity only of human.
And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings．
2．Conversation is not for making a point.
Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view．
3．In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.
In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view．
4．Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.
People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives．
5. …i t could still go ignorantly on…
The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong．
6．There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef .
These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meat beef．
7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language.
The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers．
8．English had come royally into its own.
The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more．
9. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. The phrase，the King's English，has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes．The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people．
10. The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.
There still exists in the working people，as in the early Saxon peasants，a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class．
11. There is always a great danger, as Carlyle put it, that “words will harden into things for us.”There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent．
From 409
Unit 2 Marrakech
1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.
The burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned construction site.
2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.
All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals.
3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.
They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name, and nobody notices that they are dead.
4. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.
Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.
5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews.
Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.
6. …every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.
Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.
7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.
However, a white -skinned European is always quite noticeable.
8. In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human beings.
If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.
9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.
No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas.
10. …for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.
Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people. With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil．
11．She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.
She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal．
From 409
12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible.
People with brown skins are almost invisible．
13．Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms…
The Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies．
14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?
How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack the colonialist rulers? 15．Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind.
Every white man, had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind．
Unit3 Inaugural Address
1. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe...
Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.
2. This much we pledge—and more.
This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.
3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.
United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.
4. …our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace…
The UN is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.
5. …to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.
6. …before the dark powers of destruction un leashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.
Before the terrible forces of destruction, which atomic bombs can now release, wipe out mankind, which may be planned or brought about by an accident.
From 409
7. …yet both racing t o alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war.
Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war.
8. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness,…
So let us start once again and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.
9. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.
Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.
10. …each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testi mony to its national loyalty. Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country . 11. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love,…
Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.
Unit 4 Love Is a Fallacy
1. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs.
He is a nice enough young fellow, you know, but he is empty-headed.
2. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.
A passing fashion or craze, in my opinion, shoes a complete lack of reason.
3.I should have known they’d come back when the Charleston came b ack.
I ought to have known that raccoon coat would come back to fashion when the Charleston dance, which was popular in the 1920s, came back
4. All the Big Men on Campus are wearing them. Where’ve you been?
All the important and fashionable men on campus are wearing them. How come you don’t know?
5. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.
My brain, which is a precision instrument, began to work at a high speed.
6. With one omission, Polly fitted these specifications perfect
Except for one thing (intelligence) Polly had all other requirements.
7. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt that time would supply the lack. She already had the makings.
From 409
She was not as beautiful as those girls in posters but I felt sure she would become beautiful enough after some time.
8. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction.
In fact, she was in the opposite direction, that is, she is not intelligent but rather stupid.
9. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. Is that right?
If you stop dating her, others would be free to compete to get her as a girlfriend.
10. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.
His head turned back and forth. Every time he looked his desire for the coat grew stronger and his resolution not to give away Polly become weaker.
11. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,
To teach her to think appeared to be rather big task.
12. Admittedly it was not a prospect fraught with hope, but I decided to give it one more try.
One must admit the outcome does not look very hopeful, but I decided to try one more time.
13. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.
There is a limit to what any human being can bear.
14. I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat.
I planned to be Pygmalion, to fashion an ideal wife for myself, but I turned out to be Frankenstein because Polly ultimately rejected me and ruined my plan.
15. Frantically I fought back the tide of panic surging through me; at all costs I had to keep cool. Desperately I tried to stop the feeling of panic that was overwhelming me.
Unit 5 The Sad Young Men
1.Theslightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle aged.
At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.
2.The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable.
In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.
3. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian so cial structure,… The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.
4…it was tempted, in America at least, to escape its responsibili ties and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication…
In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.
From 409
5.Prohibition afforded t he young the additional opportunity of making their pleasures illicit,…
The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.
6…our young men began to enlist under foreign f lags.
Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.
7…they “wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up”.
The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended. 8….they had outgrown towns and families…
These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.
9…the returning veteran also had to face…the hypocritical do-goodism of Prohibition,…
The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people.
10. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to “give”…
Something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down.
11…it w as only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and “Puritanical” gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center…
It was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, Babbitry, and "Puritanical" gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic centre.
12. Each town had its ”fast” set which prided itself on its unconventionality,…
Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.
Unit 6 Loving and Hating New York
1.Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste…
Nowadays New York cannot understand nor follow the taste of the American people.
2.New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends,…
New York boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends (styles, fashion)of America. 3…sitcomes cloned an d canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, preempt the airwaves from California.
Situation comedies made in Hollywood and the actual performance of Johnny Carson now replace the scheduled radio and TV programs for California.
4. it is making something of a comeback as a tourist attraction.
From 409
New York is regaining somewhat its status as a city that attracts tourists.
5.To win in New York is to be uneasy…
A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and anxiety, because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce competition.
6.nature’s pleasures are much qualified in New York.
The chance to enjoy the pleasures of nature is very limited.
7…the city’s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens.
At night the city of New York is aglow with lights and seems proudly and haughtily to darken the night sky.
8.But the purity of a bohemian dedication can be exaggerated.
But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohemian life style can be exaggerated.
9.In both these roles it ratifies more than it creates.
In both these roles of banking and communications head- quarters, New York starts or originates very few things but gives its stamp of approval to many things created by people in other parts of the country.
10.The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype,…
The television generation was constantly and strongly influenced by extravagant promotional advertising.
11. those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves in the magazines.
Authors writing long serious novels earn their living in the meantime by also writing articles for popular magazines.
12.Broadway, which seemed to be succumbing to the tawdriness of its environment, is astir again.
Broadway, which seemed unable to resist the cheap, gaudy shows put on in the surrounding areas, is once again busy and active.
13.The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town.
Those who failed in the struggle of life, the down-and-outs, are not hidden away in slums or ghettoes where other people can't see them.
14.The place constantly exasperates, sometimes exhilarates.
New York constantly irritates and annoys very much but at times it also invigorates and stimulates.
From 409。