高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙1-6-8课课后答案

LesｓｏｎOnｅ

1.And it iｓan actｉviｔｙｏnlｙｏf hｕmａns.

And conｖersatｉon is an actｉvity fｏund onlｙaｍongｈｕmaｎbeinｇs.

2.Cｏnverｓａtｉｏn is not for maｋiｎg a point.

Converｓation is noｔｆor pｅｒsuadiｎｇotheｒs to acceｐt our ｉdeas oｒpoｉnts oｆviｅwｓ.

3.Ｉn facｔ, the ｂｅst ｃonｖeｒsatiｏnalｉsts ａre thｏse wｈo ａｒe pｒepared tｏlｏｓｅ.

Iｎfａｃｔ，pｅople whｏａｒe goｏd ａt convｅrsatｉｏn ｗｉll not argue to wiｎｏr foｒce others to accｅpｔhis iｄｅas.

4.Bａr frienｄs are nｏｔdｅeply iｎvolvｅd ｉｎｅach otｈer’s ｌives.

Ｐeople ｗho meeｔeａｃｈoｔher ｆor a driｎkｉn the bａrｏｆａpub ａrｅｎoｔcｌose fri ｅnｄs foｒｔｈeｙarｅｎot deeｐｌy aｂsoｒbeｄin each othｅr’s privａte ｌives.

5.....it couｌｄstilｌgo ｉｇｎｏｒａntlｙoｎ...

Theｃonｖeｒｓaｔiｏn ｃouldｇo on witｈout anybｏｄy knowing wｈo waｓright oｒwrong.

6.Tｈeｒe are cａttlｅinｔｈe fieｌds ，bｕｔwｅsｉtｄown tｏｂeｅf．

Theｓe anｉmalｓａｒe calｌｅd cａttlｅwｈen ｔhｅy are alive and feed in the fieｌdｓ,but ｗhen ｗe sｉｔdoｗn ａtｔｈe table ｔｏｅaｔ,we calｌｔheir mｅet beef.

7.The ｎew ruling cｌａssｈａｄｂuilｔa ｃulｔuｒaｌbａrｒiｅｒａgainｓt him byｂuｉ

lding ｔheiｒFreｎcｈagainsｔhiｓown langｕage.

The nｅwｒuling class ｂy usｉｎg French instead of English made ｉt haｒdｆor tｈｅＥngｌish to ａcｃｅｐt oｒaｂsorb theｃulｔure of the rulers.

8.Eｎgｌish ｈad comｅroyalｌｙiｎｔo ｉts own.

English receｉveｄproper reｃognｉtｉon aｎd was used by tｈe Ｋing onｃe ｍore.

9.The phｒａsｅｈas aｌwaｙｓbｅeｎｕｓｅd a ｌittle ｐeｊoratiｖelyａnd even fａcetioｕsly

ｂｙthe loｗeｒclasｓｅs.

The phrasｅ, tｈe Kiｎｇ’s Ｅnglisｈ，hａｓalways ｂeen used disrespｅｃtｆully and jokｉnｇly b ｙｔhe lowｅr classeｓ．(The ｗoｒkiｎg pｅoplｅｏftｅn mock tｈｅproper anｄformal laｎｇuage oｆthe educａted ｐeoｐle.)

10.The rebｅlｌioｎagａinst a cｕlturalｄoｍiｎanｃｅis stｉll tｈeｒｅ.

As ｔｈｅearｌｙＳaxon ｐeaｓants , the workiｎg pｅoplｅｓtill haｖｅａspiｒiｔof opｐｏsiti ｏn toｔｈe culｔｕｒal aｕthｏｒｉty of the ｒｕling ｃlass.

11.Tｈereｉs always a ｇreａt danｇer that“ woｒｄs wiｌl ｈarｄenｉnto thingｓfor uｓ．“Theｒeｉs aｌｗays ａgreaｔdangｅr ，as Caｒlyle pｕt iｔ, that wｅmiｇｈt ｆorｇet tｈat woｒdｓare onｌy ｓymｂols and tａke tｈem fｏｒtｈingｓtheyａre ｓuｐpoｓｅd tｏrepｒesｅnt.

a.Hoｗｅver ｉntricate tｈｅｗａｙｓin whicｈanｉmalｓｃommunicａte witｈeaｃｈｏｔｈer,

they do not ｉｎdulge ｉnａnything thaｔdeservesｔｈe namｅoｆcoｎversation.

不管动物之间的交流方式多么复杂,它们不能参与到称得上是交谈的任何活动中。

b.Argｕmｅｎt ｍａy oｆten be a part oｆit, bｕt tｈe purｐose of the aｒguｍeｎt is ｎot to

convince. Therｅis ｎo winning in coｎveｒｓａtion.

争论会经常出现于交谈中,但争论的目的不是为了说服。交谈中没有胜负之说。

c.Perhａps ｉt iｓbｅcauｓe ofｍy uｐbrｉnｇiｎg ｉｎEngｌish puｂs tｈaｔI think ｂar

conversａｔｉｏn ｈaｓ a ｃharm ｏf its own.

或许我从小就混迹于英国酒吧缘故，我认为酒吧里的闲聊别有韵味。

d.I ｄｏnot rｅmeｍｂｅr wｈat made one of our ｃomｐanions say it －--she clearlｙhａd nｏｔ

come iｎto the bａr to sayｉt ，iｔwａs not someｔｈing that was preｓsinｇoｎｈeｒｍind －--but hｅｒremarｋｆelｌquitｅｎaturally iｎto ｔhe tａｌk.

我不记得是什么使得我的一个同伴说起它来的-－-她显然不是来酒吧说这个的,这不是她事先想好的话题---－但她的话相当自然地插入到了交谈中。

e.Tｈerｅis aｌwaｙs resｉstａnce in the lｏｗer ｃlasses to anｙattｅｍpｔbｙａn uｐper clａss

ｔo laｙｄowｎrｕles for “Eｎｇlish as itｓhoｕlｄbe spoｋen.”

下层社会总会抵制上层社会企图给“标准英语”制定得规则。

f.Woｒds are not themselveｓａｒealitｙ,but ｏnｌｙｒeｐreseｎtationｓof it ,ａnd ｔhｅKinｇ’s

Ｅnglｉsh ,like thｅAngｌｏ-Ｆrench of thｅNoｒmans ,is ａclaｓs reｐresentation oｆｒea ｌiｔy.

词语本身并不是现实。正如诺曼底人讲的英格鲁--法语一样,标准英语是一个阶层用来表达现实的形式。g.Ｐｅrhaｐｓiｔis ｗorth trying ｔo ｓpeaｋiｔ, ｂuｔｉt shoｕld nｏt be laid dowｎａs aｎ

edict, anｄmaｄe iｍmuｎｅto chaｎｇeｆｒom bｅｌow.

或许试着去说它还是值得的,但是它不能被制定成法令，从而拒绝来自下层的变化。

h.Therｅｉs no worｓe conｖｅｒsaｔｉonａliｓt thａn tｈeｏne wｈo punctuateｓhiｓwｏrds as

he ｓｐeａks ａｓifｈe wｅreｗriting ,ｏr even who tｒｉes toｕseｗｏrds as if hｅw ｅｒe composing a piece ｏf proｓe foｒprint．

如果一个人说出的话就像写出来的文字,或者试图使用那些创作书面散文的文字,那么没有比这样的交谈者更糟糕的了。

i.WheｎE．M．Fｏｒsｔer ｗriｔes oｆ“ thｅsｉniｓter ｃoｒridｏr of our age，” wｅｓｉｔ

up atｔhe viｖidness oｆthe pｈrase , the foｒce ａnd evｅn terｒor in the ｉmaｇe．

当 E.M．福斯特写到“我们这个时代的险恶长廊”时,其用语之生动及由其所产生的生动有力,甚至可怖的形象苦令我们拍案叫绝。

j.Ｔherｅwｏuld hａvｅbeen nｏconｖerｓation tｈｅotheｒevｅｎinｇif ｗe hａd been ablｅto setｔlｅａｔonce tｈｅmeeｔiｎg of “ the Kｉng’ｓEnglish．”

那天晚上如果我们立刻解决了“标准英语”的含义,就不会有第二天晚上的谈话了。

Lｅsson Two

1.Ｔhe burｙinｇ-ground is mｅrｅｌy a hugｅｗastｅoｆhummｏcky earth,ｌike a ｄerelｉcｔｂ

ｕildｉｎg－lｏt.

Ｔhe buｒiｎg-ｇrounｄis notｈiｎg more tｈａn a huge pｉeｃｅof wasteland fｕｌl of ｍounds

ｏｆｅarth ｌooking like a ｄｅsｅｒted and abandonｅd piece of land oｎwhicｈ a buildｉng

waｓgoing ｔo ｂe puｔup. ﻫ２. Ａll colｏnial empireｓａre in reality fｏunｄeｄupoｎtｈa ｔfact．

All tｈe imperiａｌisｔs buiｌd ｕp tｈｅir empires by treatiｎg the peopleｉｎthe coｌonies like animａlｓ(ｂｙnot treating tｈｅpeｏｐlｅin the ｃｏlonieｓas ｈｕmａｎｂeiｎｇs)．

３. They ｒｉｓｅouｔｏf the earth，theｙｓweat ａｎd staｒvｅｆor a few years, and tｈen the ｙsiｎk bacｋinto ｔhe namelｅss moｕndｓoｆtｈe ｇrａveyard.

Ｔｈeｙａｒe boｒn.Then for a feｗyｅaｒs theyｗork, toil and ｓtａrｖe．Finalｌy tｈey dｉe aｎd are bｕｒｉed iｎｇravｅs wｉtｈout a ｎaｍe．