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注意：Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语，宾 语或表语。作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词
引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的词叫先行词。
The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等 修饰时。如：
This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如： The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
注：在定语从句中, 当先行词指物时,只能用which而不能 用that 的情况： ① 在介词提前的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which。 （既that前面不加介词）
二. 关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副 词有：when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的先 行词
who
人
whom
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语
定语
想一想
1. 当which和that都在定语从句中指代 物时，如何选择？
2. 当who和that都在定语从句中指代 人时，如何选择？
3. 特别注意定语从句中的主谓一致问 题
关系代词 指代的先 行词
who
人
whom
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语
定语
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时，可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
仔细看下表
(3) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
注意：Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those, he和people时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
A person who steals things is called a thΒιβλιοθήκη Baiduef.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省 略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live.
② Which 可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。（既 逗号后面不用That）
She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。
巨人雷式高中公开课 定语从句—关系代词
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
在复合句中，充当_形__容_词___ 用的从句是定语从句
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_“_先_行__词__”，引导定语从 句的词叫做“_关__系__代_词__”或 “_关__系__副__词__”。
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接 （连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的 先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的 句子成分）。
2. 关系代词的用法注意点
(1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。
①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语，宾 语或表语。作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词
引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的词叫先行词。
The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等 修饰时。如：
This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如： The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
注：在定语从句中, 当先行词指物时,只能用which而不能 用that 的情况： ① 在介词提前的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which。 （既that前面不加介词）
二. 关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副 词有：when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的先 行词
who
人
whom
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语
定语
想一想
1. 当which和that都在定语从句中指代 物时，如何选择？
2. 当who和that都在定语从句中指代 人时，如何选择？
3. 特别注意定语从句中的主谓一致问 题
关系代词 指代的先 行词
who
人
whom
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语
定语
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时，可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
仔细看下表
(3) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
注意：Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those, he和people时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
A person who steals things is called a thΒιβλιοθήκη Baiduef.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省 略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live.
② Which 可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。（既 逗号后面不用That）
She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。
巨人雷式高中公开课 定语从句—关系代词
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
在复合句中，充当_形__容_词___ 用的从句是定语从句
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_“_先_行__词__”，引导定语从 句的词叫做“_关__系__代_词__”或 “_关__系__副__词__”。
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接 （连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的 先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的 句子成分）。
2. 关系代词的用法注意点
(1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。
①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：