英文版影评格式

CONFLICT
Story events (scenes) are experienced in terms of VALUE and achieved through CONFLICT. A scene is action through conflict in continuous time that turns the valuecharged condition of a character’s life on at least one value.
beneath the words. Dialogue that says one thing but means another is fraught with subtext.
Subtext
Actors thrive on subtext, and no good actor will work without it.
3. Break the Scene into Beats.
A beat is an exchange: an ACTION followed by a REACTION. It is important to look beneath the surface. Look not only at what the character seems to be doing, but also at what he or she is actually doing
4. NOTE CLOSING VALUE AND COMPARE TO OPENING VALUE
At the end of the scene, note the valuecharged condition of the character or characters’ situation and describe it in positive or negative terms. Compare this to the valence described in Step Two.
5. Survey the Beats and determine the Turning Point
Review the gerund phrases describing the actions of the characters. The pattern that emerges is the ARC of the scene. Within the arc, locate the moment when the major gap between expectation and result opens, turning the scene to its changed valence. This is the Turning Point.
The Expectation Gap
In reaching for a goal, it is human nature to take minimal risk. We expect and action to result in the achievement of a goal, and when that does not happen, there is a gap in expectation. We then devise a riskier strategy to achieve the goal. In stories, goals are never easily achieved (conflict prevents them).
2. Note the opening value of the scene.
Identify the value at stake in the scene and note its valence, positive or negative. These values are of a universal nature (ex: Freedom, Faith, Life, etc.)
Technique of Scene Analysis
• Text reflects the surface, the
literal meaning of the words on the page.
Technique of Scene Analysis
• Subtext: The truth that lies
Technique of Scene Analysis
• Scenes function on two
levels:text and subtext. We can use a five-step analysis technique to make any scene reveal its secrets. This is the first important tool in the director’s quiver.
Technique of Scene Analysis
Structure of Story
Stories are made of EVENTS which create meaningful CHANGE in the life situation of a character or characters. This change is expressed in terms of VALUE. We call these events scenes. There are about 40 - 60 scenes in a feature, far fewer in a short.
Subtext
No inward state exists without outer evidence.
5 Steps of Scene Analysis
1. Define Conflict.
Ask who drives the scene? Any character or force could drive a scene. Look at the TEXT and especially the SUBTEXT of this character and ask what does he or she want? Next, determine what forces of antagonism inhibit the desire? What do the forces of antagonism want?
3. Break the Scene into Beats.
Name the subtextual action with an active verb gerund Look for phrases that describe not only action but feeling (“pleading”, “bootlicking”, “begging”, etc.).
3. Break the Scene into Beats.
Next, consider the exchange of action i.e., the reaction to the initial action. This combination constitutes a beat. Example: Character A is Pleading shamelessly. Character B is Laughing in his face
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